ABSTRACT
Surgical minimally invasive techniques such as image intervention, laparoscopy, endoscopy, and assisted medical robotics have become the mainstream of minimally invasive surgery (MIS). However, the vague concept, diverse misunderstanding, and the lack of standards have led to a lot of malpractice in current MIS. Based on the analysis of the clinical situation and the domestic and foreign literatures, the authors have put forward the theory of comprehensive minimally invasive surgery (CMIS), and established the concepts of minimally invasive prevention, minimally invasive diagnosis and minimally invasive follow-up in the view of hepatobiliary surgery. The authors have proposed "three-All" principles of all personnel, all aspects and all processes, and established a comprehensive four-level criteria of outcomes, complications, time and costs for CMIS, in an attempt to provide feasible and practical concepts and standards for MIS from a clinical practice and theoretical level, with a view to standardizing minimally invasive procedures and solving the problem of MIS.
ABSTRACT
Surgical minimally invasive techniques such as image intervention,laparoscopy,endoscopy,and assisted medical robotics have become the mainstream of minimally invasive surgery (MIS).However,the vague concept,diverse misunderstanding,and the lack of standards have led to a lot of malpractice in current MIS.Based on the analysis of the clinical situation and the domestic and foreign literatures,the authors have put forward the theory of comprehensive minimally invasive surgery (CMIS),and established the concepts of minimally invasive prevention,minimally invasive diagnosis and minimally invasive follow-up in the view of hepatobiliary surgery.The authors have proposed "three-All" principles of all personnel,all aspects and all processes,and established a comprehensive four-level criteria of outcomes,complications,time and costs for CMIS,in an attempt to provide feasible and practical concepts and standards for MIS from a clinical practice and theoretical level,with a view to standardizing minimally invasive procedures and solving the problem of MIS.
ABSTRACT
Objective@#To evaluate the comprehensive workplace health promotion intervention effects on workplace health promotion in 10 government agencies. @*Methods@#A prospective self-controlled design was employed. Baseline evaluation and effectiveness evaluation were both conducted by questionnaire investigation. @*Results@#The intervention results showed that most effectiveness indicators were significantly improved including health behaviors, psychosocial work environment, and health status. After the intervention, the prevalence of passive smoking and physical inactivity decreased from 70.3% and 38.7% to 44.1% and 30.5%, respectively. The scores of job control and social support at work increased by 0.30 and 0.05, respectively. The prevalence of good self-rated health and good mental health raised from 68.3% and 68.8% to 75.6% and 85.6%, respectively. However, the scores of job demand increased by 0.4. Furthermore, the prevalence of occupational stress increased significantly from 45.8% to 65.5%. @*Conclusion@#After implementing workplace health promotion, the physical and mental health of the staff have been promoted. However, the occupational stress of government officials still need to be improved.