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Objective To study the influence of volume change of tumor bed on radiotherapy dose volume distribution after breast conserving surgery for early breast cancer.Methods 13 early breast cancer patients received breast-conserving surgery were selected.For all 3 CT scanning in patients with tumors,row delineation of tumor and normal tissue target positioning,the tumor bed after volume as well as the planned radiation dose volume were compared in three times of scans.Results 13 cases of three CT scans of patients with tumor bed volume point to (32.85±9.30)cm3,(24.50±4.71)cm3,(16.48±4.46)cm3,there were statistically significant differences before and after(t=2.888,5.723,4.458,all P<0.05);3 planned radiation dose in patients with volume was stepped down,and the differences were statistically significant (F=20.28,96.32,14.21,16.75,26.29,all P<0.001).Conclusion Earlier the tumor bed following breast surgery volume decreased rapidly,tumor volume change will affect the target area of the bed covers and the exposure of normal tissue dose-volume.
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Objective:To explore the protective effect of Wuzhi capsules on vancomycin-induced kidney injury in rats and investi-gate the action mechanism. Methods:Totally 24 male SD rats were randomly divided into the blank control group,the model control group and the model test group with 8 ones in each. The rats in the model control group and the model test group were intravenously in-jected vancomycin via tail veil,200 mg·kg-1per day for 10 consecutive days,while those in the blank control group were injected sa-line at the same volume. Meanwhile,the rats were orally administered Wuzhi solution(0.25 g·kg-1) in the model test group and sa-line at the same volume in the blank control group and the model control group. The levels of 24-h microalbuminuria(MALB),neutro-phil gelatinase associated lipocalin(NGAL) and kidney injury molecule 1 (KIM-1) in urine were determined,and those of cystatin C (Cys C),serum creatinine (Scr) and blood urea nitrogen(BUN) in serum and those of superoxide dismutase(SOD),malondialde-hyde(MDA) and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px) in renal tissues were also determined. Results:The levels of the renal index,Cys C,Scr,BUN,MALB,NGAL,KIM-1 and MDA in the model control group and the model test group were significantly higher than those in the blank control group,and those in the model control group were significantly higher than those in the model test group(P<0.05 or P<0.01). The levels of SOD and GSH-Px in the model control group and the model test group were significantly lower than those in the blank control group,and those in the model control group were significantly lower than those in the model test group(P<0.05). Conclusion:Wuzhi capsules can effectively relieve vancomycin-induced renal injury in rats probably by inhibiting the oxida-tive reaction.
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Objective: To investigate the effect of alendronate on serum total alkaline phosphatase (AKP) and bone specific alkaline phosphatase (BAP) in the elderly female patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis and explore their correlations.Methods: A retrospective study was performed.Totally 286 elderly female patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis were divided into two groups(according to AKP levels before the treatment of alendronate): the normal AKP group (n=245) and the elevated AKP group (n=41).Raised AKP of all the patients in the elevated AKP group was not associated with hepatobiliary problems.The changes of AKP and BAP levels were analyzed after the treatment of alendronate.The correlations between BAP and AKP levels before and after the treatment of alendronate were analyzed, as well as between the changes in AKP (ΔAKP) and BAP (ΔBAP) levels.Results: AKP and BAP tended to be higher in elderly patients.BAP levels in the normal AKP group were higher than those in the elevated AKP group (P＜0.05).BAP was signicantly correlated with AKP both before and after the treatment (P＜0.05), as well as the correlation between ΔAKP and ΔBAP (P＜0.05).Conclusion: AKP and BAP both tend to increase with age.In elderly female patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis and elevated AKP associated with non-hepatobiliary problems, alendronate treatment can lower AKP levels, and the decrease is strongly correlated with the decrease in BAP.
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@#Objective To explore the relationship between the test of drug-induced electroencephalography(EEG) and epilepsy.Methods324 patients with epilepsy were randomly divided into 2 groups, the benadrly group(n=162) and chloral hydrate group(n=162) as control. EEG was examined by evoking during sleep to observe epileptiform discharge and which stage of non-rapid eye movements (NREM) epileptiform discharge occurred more frequently.ResultsThe epileptiform discharge was 31.61% in benadrly group, and 18.52% in chloral hydrate group. There was significant difference between the two groups (P<0.01). The detection rate of epileptiform discharge at the stage I～II of NREM was significantly higher in benadrly group (83.7%) than in chloral hydrate group(63.3%)(P<0.05), which suggested that epileptiform discharge frequently occurred at the stage I～II of NREM.ConclusionBenadrly is superior to chloral hydrate in the test of drug-induced EEG of epilepsy.
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@#Objective To investigate the effect of combination of topiramate,sodium valproate and clonazepam on intractable epilepsy.Methods 157 Patients with intractable epilepsy were treated with clonazepam,sodium valproate and topiramate.They were followed up for 2 years.Results The total efficiency is 75.16% 6 months after treatment,which was steady in the latter time and reliable for various types of attack,with few side-effects.Conclusion Combination of topiramate,sodium valproate and clonazepam is effective and safe on intractable epilepsy.
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BACKGROUND: It is the most effective and economical method to reduce the incidence of stroke by conducting the health education concerning the etiological factors or risk factors and therapeutic knowledge of hypertension, diabetes mellitus and hyperlipidemia among the public and improving their knowledge level about the prevention and treatment of stroke.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the cognition of the knowledge concerning the prevention and treatment of stroke among the public in Dongguan area.DESIGN: A cluster sampling and simple randomized sampling survey.SETTINGS: Department of Neurology, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University and the Department of Neurology, Affiliated Tungwah Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University.PARTICIPANTS: Between March and June in 2001, totally 2 500 cases were randomly selected by means of cluster sampling combined with simple randomized sampling from the residents and migrant populations no younger than 17 years old in the government organization, enterprises, factories of various forms, Dongguan University of Technology and senior middle schools of urban and rural Dongguan city and the administrative villages of the rural areas of Dongguan city in Guangdong province before March 2003.METHODS: The inventory was modified according to relevant literatures,including demographic data, general knowledge of stroke, and knowledge about the prevention, identification and treatment of stroke, and the pathway to obtain knowledge about the prevention and treatment of stroke.Each item for the knowledge about the prevention and treatment of stroke was marked as 1-4.5 points, and the total score was 60. There was no mark for the pathway to obtain knowledge about the prevention and treatment of stroke. One unit was investigated each time, and 300-600 questionnaires were sent out, 500 questionnaires were randomly handed out to the healthy physical examinees in the Tungwah Hospital.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The correct rate of answers to the questionnaire, the total score of each kind of knowledge about the prevention and treatment of stroke, the total score of each kind of knowledge in the subgroups, and the pathways to obtain knowledge about the prevention and treatment of stroke were mainly observed.RESULTS: Totally 2 320 complete and effective questionnaires were collected back. ① The average correct rate of answers to all the questions was 49.80%, and those of knowledges about identification and treatment were lower, the total score was ＜ 60% in 48.20% of the subjects. ② The level for each knowledge about the prevention and treatment of stroke was lower in males than in females (P ＜ 0.05), but higher in the middle-age and old groups than in the young group (P＜0.05), and it was decreased from various civil servants, free agents, workers, farmers and students in order (P＜0.05), and there was significant difference between students and free agents (P＜0.01); it was also decreased in order from higher educational level to middle and lower ones in order (P＜0.05); it was also higher in the subjects with stroke history than in those without (P ＜ 0.05). ③) After the subjects were subdivided according to gender, age, profession and educational level, the pathways to obtain knowledge about the prevention and treatment of stroke in order were reading newspapers and magazines,watching TV, reading handbooks about science popularization, influence from relatives and friends, promotion and education of medical staff, and the last one was the least in all the groups.CONCLUSION: The level for the knowledge about the prevention and treatment of stroke was lower among the public in Dongguan area during the investigation, especially the knowledges about identification and treatment, so proper measures should be adopted to further develop education on the knowledge about the prevention and treatment of stroke.
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@#ObjectiveTo observe the effect of Xuesaitong Capsule on stroke patients in recovery phase.Methods427 patients with stroke were randomly divided into 3 groups, group Ⅰ(take in aspirin), group Ⅱ(take in Xuesaitong), group Ⅲ(take both medicine). The Europe Stroke Scale (ESS), Barthel index (BI) and blood rheology were compared among these three groups.ResultsESS and BI score of group Ⅱ were higher than that of group Ⅰ, but lower than that of group Ⅲ. The recurrence rate and blood rheology index was similar in group Ⅰand Ⅱ, but higher than that of group Ⅲ.ConclusionBoth Xuesaitong Capsule and aspirin are effectivity on stroke in recovery phase, but it is better to take in both medicines.