Clinicopathological characteristics of malignant transformation in 85 cases of oral leukoplakia / 中华口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the histological features of oral leukoplakia which underwent malignant transformation and its correlation with the clinical manifestation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 1832 cases of oral leukoplakia were reviewed and the clinicopathological characteristics of malignant transformation were analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Malignant transformation occurred in 85 cases (4.6%) of the 1832 cases. Thirty cases (2.1%) of 1404 cases with simple epithelial hyperplasia had malignant transformation. Fifty-five cases (12.9%) in 428 cases with epithelial dysplasia were transformed to malignancy, especially in the cases with moderate or severe dysplasia, in which the ratio of malignant transformation was higher than in the cases with simple epithelial hyperplasia (P < 0.005). Clinical parameters associated with an increased risk of malignant transformation were female gender and epithelial dysplasia was more often seen in non-homogenous leukoplakias than in homogenous (P < 0.005).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Non-dysplastic leukoplakia may become malignant. Epithelial dysplasia was associated with an increased risk of malignant transformation. Leukoplakia in female may be at a higher risk for malignant transformation.</p>

Expression of integrin-linked kinase in oral leukoplakia and early invasive carcinoma / 中华口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the transmutation and significance of integrin-linked kinase (ILK) in oral leukoplakia and early invasive squamous cell carcinoma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Immunohistochemistry accompanied with periodic acid Schiff reaction (PAS) histochemistry was applied to detect the expression of ILK in 19 normal oral mucosa, 43 simple hyperplasia, 84 epithelial dysplasia, 54 early invasive carcinoma.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Among the oral leukoplakia and early invasive squamous cell carcinoma, dramatic positive expression of ILK was found in 163/181 (90%), but was negative in normal mucosa. ILK staining in stroma exhibited a significantly direct correlation with the exacerbated epithelial dysplasia (chi(2) = 41.585, P < 0.001). Along with the oral carcinogenesis, there was an obvious tendency of change-overed ILK staining from superfacial to the basal orientation, the stratum basale diverted into positive, and compared with scattering in cytoplasm, the location of ILK was prone to cytomembrane in epithelium. In severe dysplasia and carcinoma in situ, there was a positive correlation between the basal layer and stroma expression of ILK (P = 0.029). It was not only a weaker tincture of ILK in cancer nest than lesional epithelia, but also an augmentation of stroma staining in early invasive squamous cell carcinoma [76% (41/54)] by contrast with severe dysplasia [45% (18/40)].</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The pivotal role of ILK in the regulation of oral carcinogenesis is considerable, however, the precise mechanisms through which ILK affects cellular processes remain to be fully characterized.</p>

Expression of integrin-linked kinase in oral squamous cell cancinoma and its significance / 中华口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the expression patterns of integrin-linked kinase (ILK) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The expression of ILK in 170 OSCC cases was examined by immunohistochemistry and periodic acid-schiff histochemistry.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>ILK immunoreactivity occurred in cancer cells and(or) stroma encircling the malignant tissue. Along with the deteriorated histopathologic grade of oral cancer, there was stepwise aberration exhibiting from ILK-negative, to ILK-positive in epithelia, to ILK-positive in both epithelia and stroma, and to ILK-positive in stroma. Through non-parameter test, in both lymphatic invasion [ILK-positive in stroma in well-differentiated, moderately-differentiated and poorly-differentiated is 2% (1/50), 18% (6/33) and 64% (18/28), respectively] and non-lymphatic invasion group [ILK-positive in stroma in well-differentiated, moderately-differentiated and poorly-differentiated is 16% (4/25), 9/18 and 10/16, respectively), the expression patterns of ILK exhibited significant correlations with histopathology (F = 17.742, P < 0.001, F = 4.394, P = 0.017). ILK expression between lymphatic metastasis and non-lymphatic metastasis group was significantly different (χ(2) = 14.418, P = 0.002).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>ILK inclines to express in stroma during the OSCC progress.</p>

Podoplanin expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma and leukoplakia and its correlation with lymph vessels density / 中华口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the expression of Podoplanin in lesional epithelia of oral leukoplakia and squamous cell carcinoma and its correlation with lymph vessels density.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The expression of Podoplanin in 40 cases of oral leukoplakia, 27 cases of early stage of squamous cell carcinoma and 32 cases of infiltrated stage of squamous cell carcinoma was examined by immunohistochemistry. Meanwhile, the correlation between podoplanin expression in lesional epithelia and its corresponding lymph vessels density was also analysed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Podoplanin expression in epithelia was increased with the exacerbated epithelial proliferation. High expression of Podoplanin in lesional epithelia accounted for 45% in oral leukoplakia, 81% and 78% in early and infiltrated stage of squamous cell carcinoma respectively. Moreover, the lymph vessels density was also increased with the enhanced expression of Podoplanin in oral leukoplakia and early stage of squamous cell carcinoma (P < 0.05). Podoplanin expression in infiltrated stage of squamous cell carcinoma was positively correlated with the lymph vessels density (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Podoplanin expression in different proliferative oral epithelia may be related to oral carcinogenesis, invasion and metastasis.</p>