ABSTRACT
The facultative anaerobic and strict anaerobic microorganisms enriched and acclimated during the anaerobic digestion process are crucial for the efficiency of the anaerobic digestion system. Most of the problems encountered during running anaerobic digestion processes could be effectively improved via stimulation of microbial metabolic activity. Benefited from the rapid development of microbiome techniques, deeper insights into the microbial diversity in anaerobic digestion systems, e.g. the microbe-microbe interactions and microbe-environment interactions, have been gained. A complex and intricate metabolic network exists in the anaerobic digestion system of solid organic wastes. However, little is known about these interactions and the underlying mechanisms. This review briefly summarized the representative interactions between microbial communities during anaerobic digestion process discovered to date. In addition, typical issues encountered during the anaerobic digestion of solid organic wastes and how microbes can tackle and alleviate these issues were discussed. Finally, future priorities on microbiome research were proposed based on present contribution of microbiome analysis in anaerobic digestion system.
Subject(s)
Anaerobiosis , Bioreactors , Methane , Microbial Interactions , Microbiota , Solid WasteABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the expression of PTTG and VEGF-C in laryngeal carcinoma and the effect of angiogene-sis .Methods Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of PTTG 、VEGF-C and LMVD in 60 cases of laryngeal car-cinoma and 32 cases of para-carcinoma tissue .D2 40 positive products was used to locate lymphatic endothelial cell cytoplasm and cell membrane ,and count lymphatic microvessel density (LMVD) .Results The expression of PTTG and VEGF-C in laryngeal car-cinoma was significantly higher than that in para-carcinoma tissue(P0 .05) .The expression of LMVD in laryngeal carcinoma was significantly higher than that in para-carcinoma tissue(P0 .05) .A significantly positive relation was found between PTTG and VEGF-C(P<0 .05) .And there were positive relation between PTTG and LMVD、VEGF-C and LMVD(P<0 .05) .Conclusion PTTG and VEGF-C might play an important role in the carcino-genesis and development of laryngeal carcinoma .PTTG and VEGF-C could be a prognostic factor of colorectal cancer and a new tar-get of gene therapy .
ABSTRACT
Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) in different ethnicities has been described in the literature, but few cases in patients of Chinese descent have been reported. Here, we describe the case of a Chinese neonate presenting with HLH carrying novel, compound heterozygous mutations of the UNC13D gene, including [c.2295_2298delGCAG, p.Glu765Aspfs*27] in exon 23, c.-250C>T, c.1+30G>A, c.279C>T, c.888G>C, c.18+36A>G, c.20-48T>C, c.1977C>T, c.2296C>T, c.24-46C>T, c.26-9_26-8insC, c.2599A>G, c.28+48C>T and c.3198A>G, some of which have not been reported in the literature. Cytokine profile analyses were performed in this patient, and the results were consistent with our previous findings in HLH patients. Cytokine profile monitoring may be helpful in differentiating among various clinical phases of HLH.
Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Male , Asian People/genetics , Cytokines/blood , Heterozygote , Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic/drug therapy , Membrane Proteins/genetics , MutationABSTRACT
Objective We discussed the nursing of patients with superior mesenteric artery syndrome (SMAS) through duodenal circular drainage operation. Methods We carried out a retrospective analysis for 42 SMAS patients undergoing duodenal circular drainage operation from. 1959 to 2007. They were given preoperative psychological nursing, correct lying style, postoperative nutritional support and health education instruction. The treatment effect was observed. Results All patients cured and left hospital. The treatment effect was good after one to fifteen years of follow-up visit. Five patients who changed to adopt duodenal circular drainage operation also got good result after nine to ten years of follow-up visit. The incidence of anastomotic ulcer and anastomotic stenosis as well as reflux gastritis was not seen. Conclusion SMAS could be cured earlier through duodenal circular drainage operation and effective nursing.