ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the efficacy of Qingfei Yihuo Capsules (, QYCs) in preventing the air pollution associated exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).@*METHODS@#This was a prospective, parallel, single-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Sixty patients with stable Group D COPD were randomly allocated to receive either oral QYCs (intervention group) or placebos (control group, 30 cases per group) for 15 days in the presumed high-incidence air pollution season and followed-up for 1 year. Both groups were given individualized Western medicine therapy according to the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease criteria as usual. Total and separate numbers of acute exacerbation (AE) associated with striking air pollution was the primary outcomes. Secondary outcomes included total numbers of deteriorating respiratory symptoms and separate numbers associated with striking air pollution, as well as scores of COPD Assessment Test (CAT) and modified Medical Research Council Scale (mMRC).@*RESULTS@#All the 60 patients completed the study. There was no statistical significance in total numbers of AE between the two groups (P>0.05). Compared with the control group, a significant reduction in air-pollution associated numbers of deteriorated respiratory symptoms was observed in the intervention group (1.9-1.2 vs. 3.6-2.4, P0.05). Only 2 patients in the intervention group reported diarrhea and recovered after drug discontinuance.@*CONCLUSION@#For patients with Group D COPD, oral QYCs in high-incidence season of air pollution can effectively mitigate respiratory symptoms associated with air pollution, although there was no evidence that it had a significant reductive effect on AEs. (Registered at Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, registration No. ChiCTR-IOR-17013827).
ABSTRACT
Objective To observe the immunohistochemical changes of ICAM-1,MMP-2 and MMP-9 in the lungs of immunocompromised rats with Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia and their relationships with lung inflammation.Methods After the establishment of pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia infected immunocompromised rat mode,the pathological changes of lungs were observed, lung wet/dry ratios and total protein concentration in bronchial alveolar lavage fluid were tested,and imunnohistochemical study of ICAM-1,MMP-2 and MMP 9 in lung tissue were performed.Results 1.The staining intensity of ICAM-1 in alveolar epithelial cells turned stronger in rats with pulmonary infection than those without of both groups(P＜0.05);2.The staining intensity of MMP-2 in lung tissue was stronger in rats with pulmonary infection than those without infection in both groups,and reached peak at 6～9 h after inoculation.Immunohistochemical changes of MMP-9 exhibited a similar pattern,4.Immunohistochemical changes of ICAM-1,MMP-2 and MMP-9 showed some correlation with numbers of polymorphonuclears in lung tissue(P＜0.05);5.A correlation between the stai- ning intensity of MMP-9 in bronchial epithelial eells and total protein concentrations were observed(r_s =0.484,P＜0.05),similar association were found between the staining intensity of MMP-2 in alveolar epithelial cells,endothelium of arterioles and venules and tissues beneath endothelium and to- tal protein eoncentrations in bronchial alveolar lavage fluid(r_s were 0.457,0.492 and 0.429,respec- tively,P＜0.05).Conclusion In immunocompromised rats,the staining intensity of ICAM-1, MMP-2 and MMP-9 in lung tissue of those with pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia were stronger than those without infection,and the changes were demonstrated some correlation with the levels of polymorphonuclears infiltration or severity of lung injury.