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AIM: To investigate the expression changes of MMP-12 during the long-term axon regeneration induced by the lens injury after the optic nerve clamp trauma in sprague-dawley(SD)rats.METHODS: The optic nerve injury model and lens injury model of SD rats were established, and the 24 experimental animals were divided into control group; lens injury group; optic nerve injury group; lens injury combined with optic nerve injury group, with 6 rats in each group. Reference transcriptome sequencing was used to analyze the expression changes of differentially expressed genes in the injured optic nerve region, and relevant differentially expressed genes with high expression were screened. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR)and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)were used to quantify the expression changes of matrix metalloproteinase-12(MMP-12)in the injured optic nerve region.RESULTS: The Principal Component Analysis of transcriptome sequencing indicated that lens injury combined with optic nerve injury was the principal component of gene expression change. Analysis of gene expression differences showed that the expression of MMP-12 gene was up-regulated in the lens injury combined with optic nerve injury group. The mRNA expression level of MMP-12 in the lens injury combined optic nerve injury group was up-regulated compared with the control group, the optic nerve injury group and the lens injury group at 14d and 21d after successful modeling(P<0.05). At 7, 28d, there was no difference in expression among all groups. The protein expression level of MMP-12 in the lens injury combined with optic nerve injury group was up-regulated compared with the control group and optic nerve injury group at 7, 14 and 21d after successful modeling(P<0.05), and it was up-regulated in the lens injury group combined with optic nerve injury group compared with optic nerve injury group at 21d(P<0.05). At 28d, there was no difference in expression among all groups.CONCLUSION: The up-regulated expression of MMP-12 may be involved in the long-term regeneration of the optic nerve after lens injury.
ABSTRACT
The COVID-19 outbreak has drawn attention to viral infectious diseases once again, and the development of antiviral drugs for both known and potentially emerging viruses is of great significance. In recent years, peptides and protein drugs are becoming a hot spot in the field of antiviral drug research and development. Phage display technology, as a powerful tool for screening peptides and protein drugs, has been increasingly concerned in the academic and industrial fields. The present review introduced the basic principle of phage display technology, summarized phage display libraries often used in antiviral drug discovery and their applications, discussed the challenges and future direction of antiviral drug research and development based on phage display technology.
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This study is to identify Chinese medicinal materials Rhizoma et Radix Heraclei, Angelicae Sinensis, Radix Angelicae Pubescentis and Rhizoma et Radix Notopterygii based on ITS2 and its secondary structure. Total 26 ITS sequences of 7 species were downloaded from GenBank, the ITS2 sequences were annotated by HMMer method. The NJ phylogenetic tree was built by MEGA software, the intraspecific and interspecific K2P genetic distance were analyzed by MEGA as well. The ITS2 secondary structures of all taxa were predicted by ITS2 database. Sequence matrix of primary structure and secondary structure was aligned by 4Sale software. And the profile neighbor joining (PNJ) phylogenetic tree was constructed via the the ProfDistS software based on the distance method. The results show that, the average interspecific genetic distance was far greater than the average intraspecific genetic distance, an obvious barcoding gap was noted among all taxa; NJ tree showed that all species were clustered into seperate branches; each species had different secondary structures; the PNJ tree showed higher resolution than NJ tree. Therefore, ITS2 is suggested to be used as a barcode for distinguishing the original plants of Rhizoma et Radix Heraclei, Radix Angelicae Sinensis, Radix Angelicae Pubescentis and Rhizoma et Radix Notopterygii in this study, this provides some scientific basis for classification and accurate identification of these Chinese medicinal materials.