ABSTRACT
Objective:To prepare a bone substitute using microsphere scaffold containing adiponectin(APN)and to investigate the release behavior of the scaffold in vitro.Methods:Chitosan microsphere was developed by an emulsion-ionic cross-linking method. Poly (L-lactic-co-glycolic)acid (PLGA)and β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP)were used to prepare microsphere scaffold containing APN.The morphology,particle size,drug loading,incorporation efficiency and release behavior of the microsphere were examined. Results:The APN containing microsphere showed good spherical geometry,suitable size and microporosity under scanning electron microscope.The average diameter of the milipore was 20 -200 μm;the drug loading and incorporation efficiency were 1 .3% and 70.3% respectively.The controled-release process continued for 91 days.The extract solution from the APN microsphere-scaffold promoted MC3T3 cell proliferation without cytotoxicity.Conclusion:The APN microsphere-scaffold has sustained release function and may promote osteoblast proliferation.
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Objective To explore the effects and safety of bevacizumab monotherapy on radiationinduced brain necrosis in patients with head and neck cancer.Methods Twenty-three patients with radiation-induced brain necrosis received intravenous injection of bevacizumab 5 mg/kg every 2 weeks for 4 cycles.Before and 2 weeks after the treatment LENT/SOMA scoring system,Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA),and MRI were used to evaluate the scores of subjective and objective items,cognitive scores,and the extent of edema.Adverse effects were observed.Results Two patients suffered from grade 2 rhinorrhagia after the first dose and had to give up the therapy.Twenty-one patients received the full dose of bevacizumab and showed improvement in clinical signs and symptoms.The MoCA score after treatment was significantly higher than that before treatment (t =3.166,P ＜ 0.05).MRI T2-weighted image showed that the volume of brain edema was decreased by (53.9 ± 22.13)％ on average (Z =-5.645,P ＜0.05).One patient showed mild exacerbation of the extent of focus on MRI after the second cycle therapy but still showed significant improvement at the end of four cycles.Of the 21 cases that successfully finished the whole treatment,one suffered from grade 2 rash and one had mild intracranial hemorrhage,however,no grade 3 to 5 adverse reactions were observed.Conclusions Bevacizumab monotherapy may have a rapid and safe therapeutic effect on radiation necrosis.
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Objective:To explore the clinical measurements for preventing and curing epistaxis in patients irradiated for nasopharyngeal carcinoma by analyzing the related factors. Methods:Thirty patients irradiated for nasopharyngeal carcinoma and consequently presented epistaxis were retrospectively reviewed by analyzing the clinical characteristics and measurements. Literature review was also performed. Results:Twenty-two cases were successfully rescued, and eight cases died (mortality rate:26.6%). Twenty-five cases underwent inflation sponge packing hemostasis, whereas three cases underwent endoscopic hemostasis with cauterization. Five patients underwent digital subtraction angiography (DSA) and selective arterial embolization. For patients who underwent one irradiation course, the epistaxis latent period ranged from 3 to 12 years, and the amount of bleeding ranged from 200 mL to 1 200 mL. For patients who underwent more than one irradiation course, the epistaxis latent period ranged from 6 months to 3 years, and the amount of bleeding ranged from 300 mL to 8 000 mL. Conclusion:Packing through choanal atresia by using inflation sponge, cautery under endoscopy, DSA, and selective arterial embolization are useful and effective measurements for hemostasis. The epistaxis latent period and volume are related to the age, tumor stage, and ir-radiation course of the patients. Patients with advanced age, tumor stage, and more than one irradiation course have short latent period and high amount of bleeding.