ABSTRACT
In medical research,predictive models have been widely used to predict disease progression and identify high-risk populations in advance, especially in the prevention and diagnosis of chronic diseases. In ophthalmology, the predictive and diagnostic models for fundus diseases such as age-related macular degeneration and diabetic retinopathy have demonstrated expert-level accuracy. However, the application of predictive models is still in the exploratory stage as for myopia prevention and control. The establishment of a predictive model is helpful to identify the high-risk myopic children in advance, so that preventive measures such as adequate outdoor activities and reducing near work can be taken in time, which is of great significance to prevent or slow down the occurrence and development of myopia. Because the mechanism of myopia has not been fully elucidated, there are still challenges and limitations in the selection of application objects, predictors and predictive outcomes. This paper reviews the research progress of different types of myopia predictive models in order to provide reference for further development and improvement.
ABSTRACT
Mild hypothermia, as a common means of intraoperative nerve protection, has been used in clinical practice. Compared with the traditional methods such as freezing helmet and nasopharyngeal cooling, hypothermic blood perfusion is considered to be a promising treatment for mild hypothermia, but it lacks experimental and theoretical verification of its cooling effect. In this study, the commercial finite element simulation software COMSOL combined the Pennes equation with the cerebrovascular network model to construct a new simplified human brain model, which was further used to simulate the cooling process of cerebral hypothermic blood perfusion. When the hypothermic blood perfusion was 33 ℃, the human brain could enter the mild hypothermic state within 4 minutes. By comparing with helmet cooling, the feasibility and efficiency of the blood perfusion scheme were verified. By comparing with the calculation results based on Pennes equation, the rationality of the model constructed in this study were verified. This model can non-intrusively predict the changes of brain temperature during surgery, and provide a reference for the setting of treatment parameters such as blood temperature, so as to provide personalized realization of safer and more effective mild hypothermia neuro protection.