ABSTRACT
Liver fibrosis (LF) is a pathological process of hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation and excessive deposition of extracellular matrix caused by chronic liver injury and inflammation. HSC activation is the core mechanism of LF, and inhibiting HSC activation is the key to promoting the reversal of LF. In recent years, rapid development has been achieved for the application of nanomedicine targeting HSC in the treatment of LF. This article mainly introduces nanomedicine, the mechanism of action of nanomedicine in the treatment of LF, and potential targets, and it is pointed out that nanomedicine may become a new method for the treatment of LF.
ABSTRACT
A-kinase anchor protein 12 (AKAP12) is a scaffold protein that improves the specificity and efficiency of spatio-temporal signals by assembling intracellular signal proteins into specific complexes. In recent years, the role of AKAP12 in chronic liver diseases has attracted more and more attention. This article introduces the physiological functions of AKAP12 and reviews the role of AKAP12 in chronic liver diseases, in order to lay a foundation for the use of AKAP12 small molecule as a new therapeutic target for chronic liver diseases.
ABSTRACT
Activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) belongs to the transcription factor ATF/CREB family and is a stress-induced adaptive response gene. ATF3 is involved in the regulation of various cell activities to adapt to the changes in intracellular and extracellular environments. Recent studies have shown that ATF3 plays an important role in the development and progression of various chronic liver diseases, including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, liver fibrosis, and liver cancer, by regulating gluconeogenesis, lipid metabolism, and immune function. This article reviews the mechanism of action of ATF3 in chronic liver diseases.
ABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the technical feasibility and clinical efficacy of retroperitoneal and transperitoneal laparoscopic nephrectomy for nonfunctional kidney with giant hydronephrosis. Methods The clinical data of retroperitoneal group (26 patients) and transperitoneal group (23 patients) who underwent laparoscopic nephrectomy for nonfunctional kidney with giant hydronephrosis were analyzed retrospectively. Compared with operating time,kidney size, blood loss, postoperative intestinal function recovery time, postoperative hospital stay and operative efficacy of the two groups. Results All the operations were performed successfully. Operating time,kidney size and blood loss were not significantly different between two groups(P＞ 0.05). While in retroperitoneal group, postoperative intestinal function recovery time and postoperative hospital stay were significantly reduced than those in transperitoneal group [( 18.0 ± 1.2)h vs. (48.0 ±2.0) h, (5.5± 1.6) d vs. (7.5 ± 1.6) d](P＜0.05). All patients were followed up 1 -3months,no abnormal. Conclusions The retroperitoneal and transperitoneal laparoscopic nephrectomy for nonfunctional kidney with giant hydronephrosis can be performed efficiently and effectively. Retroperitoneal laparoscopic is better than transperitoneal laparoscopic on postoperative recovery aspects.