ABSTRACT
Adequate root canal seal following retreatment is essential for a successful outcome. Resilon/Epiphany [R/E] obturation system has been introduced as a substitute for conventional gutta-percha/sealer method. This in vitro study compared the amount of apical microleakage of R/E with gutta-percha/AH26 [GP/AH26] sealer as secondary root canal filling following retreatment in human teeth. Fifty human single-rooted lower premolar teeth were selected. After preparing them with ProTaper rotary NiTi instruments, all the canals were obturated using GP/AH26 sealer. After 10 days, all the samples were retreated using the same rotary NiTi instruments. The samples were divided randomly into two experimental groups A and B [n=20] and positive and negative control groups [n=5]. In group A, all canals were obturated using GP/AH26 sealer and in group B all canals were obturated using R/E. After one week incubation in 37°C with 100% humidity, the amount of apical microleakage was evaluated with fluid filtration model. All the apical microleakage data were analyzed with Mann-Whitney U test Results: The mean amounts of apical microleakage were 0.317 +/- 0.287 and 0.307 +/- 0.281 microL/8min [fluid pressure=30 cm H[2]O] in experimental group A and B respectively; the difference was not statistically significant [P>0.05]. R/E seems to be a good alternative for retreatment as a secondary root canal filling material. However, Resilon/Epiphany obturation system does not completely avert microleakage