ABSTRACT
Statement of the Problem: The validity of the Index of Complexity, Outcome and Need [ICON] which is an orthodontic index developed and introduced in 2000 should be studied in different ethnic groups
Purpose: The aim of this study was to perform an analysis on the ICON and to verify whether this index is valid for assessing both the need and complexity of orthodontic treatment in Iran
Materials and Method: Five orthodontists were asked to score pre-treatment diagnostic records of 100 patients with a uniform distribution of different types of malocclusions determined by Dental Health Component of the Index of Treatment Need. A calibrated examiner also assessed the need for orthodontic treatment and complexity of the cases based on the ICON index as well as the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need [IOTN]. 10 days later, 25% of the cases were re-scored by the panel of experts and the calibrated orthodontist
Results: The weighted kappa revealed the inter-examiner reliability of the experts to be 0.63 and 0.51 for the need and complexity components, respectively. ROC curve was used to assess the validity of the index. A new cut-off point was adjusted at 35 in lieu of 43 as the suggested cut-off point. This cut-off point showed the highest level of sensitivity and specificity in our society for orthodontic treatment need [0.77 and 0.78, respectively], but it failed to define definite ranges for the complexity of treatment
Conclusion: ICON is a valid index in assessing the need for treatment in Iran when the cut-off point is adjusted to 35. As for complexity of treatment, the index is not validated for our society. It seems that ICON is a well-suited substitute for the IOTN index
ABSTRACT
Statement of the Problem: The stability of orthodontic treatment depends on preserving the patient's pretreatment arch form and arch size during and after treatment
Purpose: This investigation was aimed to study the size and shape of Iranian mandibular dental arch and evaluate the correlation of their average dental arch with commercially available preformed rectangular nickel-titanium arch wires
Materials and Method: In this study, 148 subjects were selected among students of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. The inclusion criteria were having Angle class I in molar and canine relationships, and normal growth pattern. Intercanine and intermolar widths were measured after scanning their mandibular dental casts. Three main arch form templates; square, ovoid and tapered [Orthoform [Trade Mark]; 3M, Unitek, CA, USA] and 12 commercially available preformed mandibular nickel-titanium arch wires were scanned. Intercanine and intermolar widths of arch wires were compared with dental arch widths of the study samples. Arch width, arch form and the most appropriate arch wire were determined for each cast. Student's t-test was used to compare arch widths and arch depths of male and female subjects. Coefficient of variance was used to determine the variability of indices in the study samples
Results: Most preformed arch wires were wider than the average width of the normal Iranian dental arch. The most frequent arch form in Iranian population was tapered. Inter molar width was the only statistically significant variable between males and females
Conclusion: Variation in available preformed arch wires does not entirely cover the range of diversity of the normal dental arch of our population. Narrow arch wires with a tapered shape are better consistent with the Iranian lower arch
ABSTRACT
Statement of the Problem: The prevalence of overweight and obesity has been increasing markedly in recent years. It may influence growth in pre pubertal children
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine whether increased Body Mass Index [BMI] is associated with accelerated skeletal maturation and dental maturation in six to fifteen years old orthodontic patients in Shiraz, Iran
Materials and Method: Skeletal maturation and dental development of 95 orthodontic patients [65 females and 30 males], aged 6 to 15 years, were determined. Dental development was assessed using the Demerjian method and skeletal maturation was evaluated by cervical vertebral method as presented by Bacetti. The BMI was determined for each patient. T-test was applied to compare the mean difference between chronologic and dental age among the study groups. A regression model was used to assess the relationship between BMI percentile, skeletal maturation, and dental development
Results: 18.9% of subjects were overweight and obese. The mean differences between dental age and chronologic age were 0.73 +/- 1.3 for underweight and normal weight children and 1.8 +/- 1.08 for overweight and obese children. These results highlighted the correlation between accelerated dental maturity and increasing BMI percentile [p= 0.002]. A new formula was introduced for this relationship. There was not any significant relationship between BMI percentile and skeletal maturation
Conclusion: Children who were overweight or obese had accelerated dental development whereas they did not have accelerated skeletal maturation significantly after being adjusted for age and gender