ABSTRACT
The aim of the present study was to determine the antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity of different parts of the plant Moringa oleifera Lam. Disc diffusion method and brine shrimp lethality bioassay were used for antimicrobial activity and cytotoxic activity respectively. Chloroform fractions of leaf and fruit part have shown moderate antimicrobial activity with zone of inhibition (ZOI) ranging from 9-28 mm against all the experimental microbes. Ethyl acetate fraction of bark and fruit found to have highest antimicrobial activity with zone of inhibition (ZOI) 36 mm against Shigella dysphoria. Pet ether fraction of bark but not leaf showed activity against Bacillus megaterium. Pet ether fraction of bark showed highest activity against Candida albicans with zone of inhibition (ZOI) of 35 mm while chloroform fraction of the leaf showed highest activity against Bacillus megaterium with zone of inhibition (ZOI) of 25 mm. All the fractions were found to have potential cytotoxic activity having LC50 values ranging from 0.43-1.18 μg/ml in comparison with vincristine sulphate having LC50 value of 0.53 μg/ml. Ethyl acetate fraction of fruit showed highest cytotoxic activity with LC50 value of 0.43 μg/ml while pet ether fraction of bark showed lowest cytotoxic activity with LC50 value of 1.18 μg/ml.
ABSTRACT
The present study was carried out to evaluate the phytochemical properties, antimicrobial and cytotoxic as well as antioxidant activities of the chloroform extract.of Phyllanthus acidus fruit. Phytochemical screening showed confirmation of saponin, alkaloid, tannin and flavanoid. Antioxidant activity of PACF (Phyllanthus acidus chloroform extract) was assessed by using 1,1-diphenyl-2- picrylhydrazyl radical(DPPH),reducing power, cupric reducing antioxidant capacity and antioxidant activity increased in a concentration dependent manner. In DPPH radical scavenging assay IC50 value found 2745.86 μg mL−1 and compared to ascorbic acid with 13.37 μg mL−1. In brine shrimp lethality bioassay it showed good result with LC50 value 4.46 μg/ml. Antibacterial activity of plant extract was carried out using disc diffusion method with eleven pathogenic bacteria. This extract showed narrow spectrum activity aligned with Shigella dysenteriae, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Sarcina lutea at concentration of 500 μg/disc in comparison with standard kanamycin. The range of zone of inhibition of chloroform extract was 0.5 to 2.5 mm.