ABSTRACT
ObjectiveTo explain the scientific connotation of Morindae Officinalis Radix （MOR） processed by Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma （Gly） by comparing the effect of raw products of MOR and processed products of MOR with different proportions of Gly （GMOs） on the improvement of renal function and hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal （HPG） axis， the protein expression of Wnt/β-catenin and transforming growth factor-β1 （TGF-β1）/Smad signal pathways in kidney Yang deficiency model rats induced by adenine. MethodGMOs were prepared according to method under MOR in 2020 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Rat model of kidney Yang deficiency was established by intragastrical administration of adenine， levels of follicle stimulating hormone （FSH）， luteinizing hormone （LH）， estradiol （E2） and testosterone （T） were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. Levels of urea nitrogen （BUN） and serum creatinine （SCr） were measured by spectrophotometry， hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining was used to evaluate the pathological changes of kidney， testis and epididymis. Immunohistochemistry （IHC） was used to analyze the protein expression of E-cadherin， α-smooth muscle actin （α-SMA）， Wnt2b， β-catenin， Smad1 and Smad4. ResultMOR processed with 100∶6 and 100∶12 proportions of Gly （short for GMO/100∶6 and GMO/100∶12） had the most obvious improvement on the body posture of kidney Yang deficiency model rats. GMO/100∶12 had the best effect on reducing the levels of BUN， SCr， FSH， LH and the ratio of E2/T. GMO/100∶6 and GMO/100∶12 had the best effect on regulating the protein expression of E-cadherin， α-SMA， Wnt2b， β-catenin， Smad1 and Smad4. ConclusionGMO/100∶6 and GMO/100∶12 have the a good effect on the improvement of renal function and HPG axis in kidney Yang deficiency model rats induced by adenine， which is related with the fact that they can regulate Wnt/β-catenin pathway in renal and testicular tissue and TGF-β1/Smads pathway in testicular tissue.
ABSTRACT
ObjectiveTo explain the scientific connotation of Morindae Officinalis Radix （MOR） processed by Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma （Gly） by comparing the effect of raw products of MOR and processed products of MOR with different proportions of Gly （GMOs） on the improvement of renal function and hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal （HPG） axis， the protein expression of Wnt/β-catenin and transforming growth factor-β1 （TGF-β1）/Smad signal pathways in kidney Yang deficiency model rats induced by adenine. MethodGMOs were prepared according to method under MOR in 2020 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Rat model of kidney Yang deficiency was established by intragastrical administration of adenine， levels of follicle stimulating hormone （FSH）， luteinizing hormone （LH）， estradiol （E2） and testosterone （T） were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. Levels of urea nitrogen （BUN） and serum creatinine （SCr） were measured by spectrophotometry， hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining was used to evaluate the pathological changes of kidney， testis and epididymis. Immunohistochemistry （IHC） was used to analyze the protein expression of E-cadherin， α-smooth muscle actin （α-SMA）， Wnt2b， β-catenin， Smad1 and Smad4. ResultMOR processed with 100∶6 and 100∶12 proportions of Gly （short for GMO/100∶6 and GMO/100∶12） had the most obvious improvement on the body posture of kidney Yang deficiency model rats. GMO/100∶12 had the best effect on reducing the levels of BUN， SCr， FSH， LH and the ratio of E2/T. GMO/100∶6 and GMO/100∶12 had the best effect on regulating the protein expression of E-cadherin， α-SMA， Wnt2b， β-catenin， Smad1 and Smad4. ConclusionGMO/100∶6 and GMO/100∶12 have the a good effect on the improvement of renal function and HPG axis in kidney Yang deficiency model rats induced by adenine， which is related with the fact that they can regulate Wnt/β-catenin pathway in renal and testicular tissue and TGF-β1/Smads pathway in testicular tissue.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the changes in cerebral glucose metabolism induced by postoperative delirium in the elderly patients and the effects of dexmedetomidine on it.Methods Forty-two patients of both sexes aged 65-85 yr with a body mass index of 19-25 kg/m2 undergoing abdominal surgery under general anesthesia were enrolled in this study.Delirium occurred during the first 2 days after operation in 39 out of the 42 patients (29/42).The 29 patients were randomly divided into 2 groups:group delirium without any treatment (group D,n =13) and group delirium + dexmedetomidine (group Dex,n =16).The remaining 13 patients did not develop delirium after operation and served as control group (group C).In group Dex a loading dose of dexmedetomidine 1 μg/kg was administered iv over 10 min after occurrence of delirium followed by continuous infusion at 0.2-0.7μg· kg-1 · h-1.PET scan was performed within the time period in which delirium occurred.18 Fluorine-deoxyglucose was injected for observation of imaging of glucose metabolism.The standard uptake value of glucose of bilateral parietal,temporal and frontal lobes was calculated.Results Delirium was controlled within 30 min after adminnistration of dexmedetomidine.Delirium significantly reduced cerebral glucose metabolism in the bilateral parietal,temporal and frontal lobes in group D as compared with group C (P ＜ 0.05).Dexmedetomidine significantly attenuated the delirium-induced decrease in cerebral glucose metabolic rate of the 3 lobes in group Dex as compared with group D (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Postoperative delirium reduces cerebral glucose metabolism and dexmedetomidine can significantly control pastoperative delirium in the elderly patients.
ABSTRACT
ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of flurbiprofen axeyil injection combined with sufentanil for postoperative patient undergoing ovarian cancer radical operation.Methods60 postoperative patients undergoing radical ovarian cancer surgery were randomly divided into three groups with 20 cases in each group, including Sufentanil 150 μg (group S) ,Flurbiprofen Axeyil injection 200 mg (group F) ,Flurbiprofen Axeyil injection 100 mg plus Sufentanil 100 μg (group FS).The drugs in each group were added with Azasetron 10 mg and diluted to 100 ml, then infused by a pump in a rate of 2 ml/h.The visual analogue scale (VAS) and Ramesays scores were used to evaluate the analgesic effect at 0.5,2,4,8,12,24 and 48 h after surgery.The incidence of side effects was recorded.ResultsAll the patients showed good pain relief with PCIA.The VAS of group F(3.3 +0.8) at 2 h after operation was slightly higher than that of group S (2.6 + 1.0) and SF (2.8 + 1.1) (P ＜ 0.05), which became similar 4 h later (P ＞0.05).In groups F (2.4 +0.8,2.3 +0.6) and FS(2.9 +0.8,2.6 ±0.4), the average Ramsay score was slightly lower than that in group S(3.8 +0.9,3.6 +0.5) (P ＜0.05).But the differences were not significant within 8 h after operation (P ＞ 0.05).The accidence rates of nausea, vomiting, itching, somnolence of group S(20％ ,15％ ,20％) were significantly higher than those in group F (5％ ,0,5％)and FS(5％,5％ ,5％) (P ＜0.05).No respiratory depression or abnormal bleeding occurred in three groups during the period of postoperative 48 hour.The amount of hydrothorax had no difference between 3 groups (P ＜0.05).ConclusionsIntravenous postoperative analgesia with Flurbiprofen Axeyil injection combined with Sufentanil had a better analgesic effect than Sufentanil or Flurbiprofen Axeyil used alone, and it could significantly reduce the dose requirement of Sufentanil as well as its associated side effects.
ABSTRACT
@#Objective To explore the relationship between the level of synaptic monoamine transmitters and epilepsy and its severity.Methods The models of seizure were made with intraperiloneal injection. The concentrations of serotonin (5-HT), dopamine (DA), and norepinephrine (NE) in palium(Pal), hippocampus (Hip) and corpus and striatum (Str) were determined with flurospectrophotometry. Results The severity of epilepsy was negatively correlated with the level of 5-HT in all three regions (P<0.05) with that of NE in Hip (P<0.01). The level of 5-HT of three seizure groups dropped significantly, the level of DA dropped significantly only in Str (P<0.01), and the level of NE dropped significantly only in Hip (P<0.01). Conclusion Monoamine transmitters in different regions closely affect the severity and sensitivity of epilepsy depends on the level of special transmitters in different brain regions.
ABSTRACT
Objective To observe the changes of haemodynamics and cerebral state index during double-lumen endobronchial intubation with glidescope ranger video laryngoscope (GSVL) and macintosh direct laryngoscope (MDLS). Methods Forty-eight ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients aged 35 ～ 67 yrs were enrolled in this study, who were scheduled for elective pulmonary cancer or cancer of esophagus radical correction tients were random divided into 2 groups( n =24 each), GSVL group and MDLS group. After anesthesia was induced, all patients were given a score of Cormack grading under MDLS and GSVL, and then endobronchial intubation was performed. Noninvasive BP and HR were recorded before and after induction of anesthesia, during endobronchial intubation and after endobronchial intubation was completed for 1,2, 3, 4,5 min. The CSI was continuously monitored and recorded before and after induction of anesthesia, and after endobronchial intubation for 1 ～ 2 min and 3 ～ 5 min. Results Compared with MDLS group, the rate of Cormack grade 1 was significant higher in GSVL group (91% vs 58% ) ( P ＜0. 01 ). BP of two groups at T1 and T5 ～ T7 were significantly decreased compared to T0 values ( P ＜0. 01 ). Endobronchial intubation (T2 ～T4) caused significant increase in BP and HR compared to post-induction values(T1 ) ( P ＜0. 01).The highest values of HR after intubation exceeded even their baseline values before induction of anesthesia.The haemodynamic responses to endobronchial intubation in GSVL group at T2 ～ T4 were significantly different from those in MDLS group( P ＜0. 05). CSI of two groups at T1 was significantly decreased compared to To values( P ＜0. 01 ), CSI of two groups at T2 induced significant increase compared to T1 values, and the increase of CSI in MDLS group was stronger than that in GSVL group( P ＜0.01). Condusion The haemodynamic responses produced by orotracheal intubation using GSVL had more obvious advantages than MDLS, but GSVL seemed to provide a clear view of glottis and a little change CSI effect.
ABSTRACT
0 05), but HR was significantly higher (P