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Rev. bras. geriatr. gerontol. (Online) ; 22(6): e190211, 2019. Fig, tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1102250

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Investigar a frequência de quedas, os fatores clínicos e físico-funcionais associados às quedas e à acurácia desses fatores para identificar risco de cair em idosos com deficit cognitivo. MÉTODO: Estudo transversal com idosos com deficit cognitivo identificado no Mini-Exame do Estado Mental. Variável dependente: histórico de queda nos 6 meses anteriores. Variáveis independentes: autorrelato de confusão mental, deficiência auditiva e visual, cansaço físico, fraqueza muscular, tontura, desequilíbrio corporal, insegurança para caminhar, diagnóstico de depressão, internações, quantidade de medicamentos de uso contínuo (formulário de pesquisa), massa muscular (circunferência de panturrilha), força de preensão palmar (dinamometria), capacidade funcional (Pfeffer) e mobilidade corporal (SAM-Br). Foi realizada estatística descritiva. Os grupos foram comparados com teste U Mann Whitney, os fatores de risco identificados por regressão logística uni e multivariada e a área sob a curva ROC (AUC) foi calculada para fatores associados. RESULTADO: 216 idosos com deficit cognitivo foram incluídos nas análises, dos quais 41,7% eram caidores. Análises de regressão multivariada indicaram que a queixa de deficit visual (OR=2,8; p=0,015) e de desequilíbrio corporal (OR=2,7; p=0,004) e a maior quantidade de medicamentos (OR=1,1; p=0,038) associaram-se às quedas. A AUC verificou fraca acurácia da quantidade de medicamentos para rastrear caidores (AUC=0,6 [0,5; 0,7]; p=0,028). CONCLUSÃO: os idosos com deficit cognitivo apresentaram alta frequência de quedas. As queixas de deficit visual, desequilíbrio corporal e polifarmácia foram preditoras de quedas. A rápida investigação desses fatores pode contribuir para a identificação de risco de cair de idosos com deficit cognitivo na prática clínica e em pesquisas. AU


OBJECTIVE: to investigate the frequency of falls and clinical and physical-functional factors associated with falls, and the accuracy of such factors to identify the risk of falling in cognitively impaired older adults. METHOD: a cross-sectional study with cognitively impaired older adults was carried out using the Mini-Mental State Examination. The dependent variable was a history of falls in the previous six months. The independent variables were self-reported mental confusion, hearing and visual impairment, physical fatigue, muscle weakness, dizziness, body imbalance, insecurity when walking, diagnosed depression, hospitalizations, continuous use medications (form from study used), muscle mass (calf circumference) and handgrip strength (dynamometry), functional capacity (Pfeffer) and mobility (SAM-Br). Descriptive statistics were applied. The groups were compared using the Mann Whitney U test, the risk factors were identified by univariate and multivariate logistic regression, and the area under the ROC curve (AUC) was calculated for the associated factors. RESULTS: 216 cognitively impaired older adults were included in the analysis, 41.7% of whom were fallers. Multivariate regression analyzes indicated that complaints of visual impairment (OR=2.8; p=0.015) and body imbalance (OR=2.7; p=0.004), and greater medication use (OR=1.1; p=0.038) were associated with a history of falls. The AUC found poor accuracy for quantity of medications as a screening tool for fallers (AUC=0.6 [0.5; 0.7]; p=0.028). CONCLUSION: cognitively impaired older adults had a high frequency of falls. Complaints of visual impairment, body imbalance and polypharmacy were predictors of falls. The early assessment of these factors can contribute to the identification of cognitively-impaired older adults at risk of falling in clinical practice and research. AU


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Mass Screening , Health of the Elderly , Risk Factors , Cognition Disorders
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