Effects of the proliferation, migration and apoptosis of AHVAC - on gastric cancer MKN-28 cells / 中国临床药理学与治疗学

AIM: To investigate the effects of agkis-trodon halys venom anti-tumor component (AHVAC-) on the biological behavior of gastric cancer MKN-28 cells. METHODS: Gastric cancer MKN-28 cells were treated with the experimental concentrations (5, 10, 15 μg/mL) of AHAVC- for 24 h. Cell proliferation and toxicity assay (cell counting kit-8, CCK-8) was used to detect the inhibition rates of the cells in different concentrations of AHVAC-. The migration ability of the cells was evaluated by wound-healing and Transwell assay. The apoptosis were observed by laser confocal microscopy with annexin V-mCherry/DAPI double staining, and the apoptosis rates were analyzed by flow cytometry with annexin V-FITC/PI double fluorescence staining. The protein level of Caspease-3 was determined by Western blot. RESULTS: Compared with normal control group, the results of AHVAC- concentration groups showed that with the increase of AHVAC- concentration, the proliferative activity of MN-28 cells decreased gradually (P<0.01), the cell migration ability decreased gradually (P<0.01), and the cell apoptosis rate increased (P<0.05). The expression of apoptosis-related protein Caspease-3 was up-regulated (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: AHVAC- inhibits proliferation and migration of gastric cancer MSN-28 cells and induces apoptosis.

Advances in mechanism of methotrexate on toxicity in various organs / 中国药理学通报

As a widely used anti-tumor drug and anti-rheumatic drug in clinic, methotrexate (MTX) has many toxic and side effects, including gastrointestinal mucosa injury, central nervous system injury, liver and kidney function injury, etc. They often bring great trouble to the follow-up treatment of patients. The clarification of the mechanism of MTX toxicity to various organs has become the key to rescue the toxicity. The purpose of the article is to review the toxicity mechanism of MTX in various organs, so as to save the patients from the adverse reactions in clinical treatment.

Expression and Clinical Significance of MKI67 in Pancreatic Cancer / 肿瘤防治研究

Objectives To explore the expression, biological function, and mechanism of MKI67 in pancreatic cancer and its clinical significance. Methods The expression level, diagnosis, and prognostic value of MKI67 in pancreatic cancer were analyzed using public databases. We also investigated the association between the MKI67 with immune cell infiltration and immune checkpoint molecules. We analyzed the functional pathway enrichment to uncover the possible molecular mechanisms. qRT-PCR and Western blot assay were used to verify the expression of MKI67 mRNA and protein. Immunohistochemistry staining was used to detect the expression of MKI67 in tissue protein. Results The high expression of MKI67 was significantly associated with high histological grades and poor outcomes in pancreatic cancer. High MKI67 expression was correlated with poor prognosis of pancreatic cancer patients (P=0.009). MKI67 was an independent risk factor for the patient outcome (95%CI: 1.084-1.743, P<0.05). The MKI67 expression was positively correlated with the helper T cell 2 levels but negatively correlated with plasmacytoid DC, NK cells, mast cells, the T follicular helper, immune DC, and CD8 T cells. Conclusion MKI67 may serve as a biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of pancreatic cancer and the mechanism might be associated with immune escape or immunosuppression.

Study on binocular and monocular accommodation in premyopia based on data integration pattern / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To compare the binocular and monocular accommodation among normal group, premyopia group and mild myopia group, and to study the characteristics of accommodation in the premyopia group, thus providing clinical evidence for the delay/prevention of myopia and the effective decrease of the incidence of myopia.METHODS: Cross-sectional descriptive study. A total of 179 children who had abnormal/high-risk visual acuity indicated by the vision screening in school from October 2021 to February 2023 were selected, including 92 males and 87 females, aged from 6 to 12(mean 8.55±1.66)years old, then they were referred to the Juvenile Myopia Prevention and Control Center in Cuizu Community Health Service Center. They were divided into normal group(+0.75 D&#x0026;#x003C;SE≤+2.00 D), the premyopia group(-0.50 D&#x0026;#x003C;SE≤+0.75 D)and the mild myopia group(-3.00 D≤SE≤-0.50 D)according to the diopters after cycloplegia, and binocular myopia grouping is defined by the eye with lower diopter. Binocular positive relative accommodation(PRA), negative relative accommodation(NRA), accommodative facility(AF), and monocular AF and amplitude of accommodation(AA)were examined. The age, binocular and monocular accommodation of different groups were compared.RESULTS: There were no difference in the sex ratio of different groups(χ2=0.167, P=0.920). There was no difference in age between the normal group and the premyopia group(P=0.310), but there were differences between the mild myopia group and the normal group and premyopia group(P=0.018, &#x0026;#x003C;0.01); Binocular NRA, PRA, and AF had significance between the normal group and the premyopia group(P&#x0026;#x003C;0.01), while there was no significance between the premyopia group and the mild myopia(P&#x0026;#x003E;0.05). Monocular AF had significance between the normal group and the premyopia group(P&#x0026;#x003C;0.01), while there was no significance between the premyopia group and the mild myopia group(P&#x0026;#x003E;0.05); The monocular AA had significance among the three groups(P&#x0026;#x003C;0.05).CONCLUSION: Although the diopters was normal, binocular NRA, PRA, monocular and binocular AF had significantly decreased in the premyopia group, and there was no significant difference compared with mild myopia group; monocular AA had decreased in the premyopia group and it was also significantly different from the mild myopia group. The accommodation function should be examined in premyopic children. Recovering the abnormal visual function through visual training may be a way to prevent and control premyopia from progressing to myopia.

Enhanced recovery after surgery in transurethral surgery for benign prostatic hyperplasia / 亚洲男科学杂志(英文版)

Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) measures have not been systematically applied in transurethral surgery for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). This study was performed on patients with BPH who required surgical intervention. From July 2019 to June 2020, the ERAS program was applied to 248 patients, and the conventional program was applied to 238 patients. After 1 year of follow-up, the differences between the ERAS group and the conventional group were evaluated. The ERAS group had a shorter time of urinary catheterization compared with the conventional group (mean ± standard deviation [s.d.]: 1.0 ± 0.4 days vs 2.7 ± 0.8 days, P < 0.01), and the pain (mean ± s.d.) was significantly reduced through postoperative hospitalization days (PODs) 0-2 (POD 0: 1.7 ± 0.8 vs 2.4 ± 1.0, P < 0.01; POD 1: 1.6 ± 0.9 vs 3.5 ± 1.3, P < 0.01; POD 2: 1.2 ± 0.7 vs 3.0 ± 1.3, P < 0.01). No statistically significant difference was found in the rate of postoperative complications, such as postoperative bleeding (P = 0.79), urinary retention (P = 0.40), fever (P = 0.55), and readmission (P = 0.71). The hospitalization cost of the ERAS group was similar to that of the conventional group (mean ± s.d.: 16 927.8 ± 5808.1 Chinese Yuan [CNY] vs 17 044.1 ± 5830.7 CNY, P =0.85). The International Prostate Symptom Scores (IPSS) and quality of life (QoL) scores in the two groups were also similar when compared at 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months after discharge. The ERAS program we conducted was safe, repeatable, and efficient. In conclusion, patients undergoing the ERAS program experienced less postoperative stress than those undergoing the conventional program.

Establishment of a PCR-SSP method for the simultaneous amplification and identification of the presence of KIR genes / 中华医学遗传学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To develop a polymerase chain reaction-sequence specific primer (PCR-SSP) method for simultaneous amplification and identification of the KIR genes among Chinese population.@*METHODS@#Peripheral blood samples from 132 healthy donors who had given blood at Shenzhen Blood Center from January 2015 to November 2015 were selected as the study subjects. Based on the polymorphism and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) information of high-resolution KIR alleles in the Chinese population and the IPD-KIR database, specific primers were designed to amplify all the 16 KIR genes and the 2DS4-Normal and 2DS4-Deleted subtypes. The specificity of each pair of PCR primers was verified by using samples with known KIR genotypes. During PCR amplification of the KIR gene, co-amplification the fragment of human growth hormone (HGH) gene by multiplex PCR was used as the internal control to prevent false negative results. A total of 132 samples with known KIR genotypes were randomly selected for blind inspection to verify the reliability of the developed method.@*RESULTS@#The designed primers can specifically amplify the corresponding KIR genes, with clear and bright bands for the internal control and KIR genes. The results of detection are fully consistent with the known results.@*CONCLUSION@#The KIR PCR-SSP method established in this study can yield accurate results for the identification of the presence of KIR genes.

Finite element analysis of different reconstruction methods of coracoclavicular ligament for acromioclavicular joint dislocation / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#This study aims to examine the biomechanical effects of different reconstruction methods, including single-bundle, double-bundle anatomical reconstruction, and double-bundle truly anatomical reconstruction of the coracoclavicular ligament on the acromioclavicular joint using finite element analysis, to provide a theoretical basis for the clinical application of truly anatomical coracoclavicular ligament reconstruction.@*METHODS@#One volunteer, aged 27 years old, with a height of 178 cm and a weight of 75 kg, was selected for CT scanning of the shoulder joint. Three-dimensional finite element models of single-bundle reconstruction, double-bundle anatomical reconstruction, and double-bundle truly anatomical reconstruction of coracoclavicular ligament were established by using Mimics17.0, Geomagic studio 2012, UG NX 10.0, HyperMesh 14.0 and ABAQUS 6.14 software. The maximum displacement of the middle point of the distal clavicle in the main loading direction and the maximum equivalent stress of the reconstruction device under different loading conditions were recorded and compared.@*RESULTS@#The maximum forward displacement and the maximum backward displacement of the middle point of the distal clavicle in the double-bundle truly anatomic reconstruction were the lowest, which were 7.76 mm and 7.27 mm respectively. When an upward load was applied, the maximum displacement of the distal clavicle midpoint in the double-beam anatomic reconstruction was the lowest, which was 5.12 mm. Applying three different loads forward, backward, and upward, the maximum equivalent stress of the reconstruction devices in the double-beam reconstruction was lower than that in the single-beam reconstruction. The maximum equivalent stress of the trapezoid ligament reconstruction device in the double-bundle truly anatomical reconstruction was lower than that in the double-bundle anatomical reconstruction, which was 73.29 MPa, but the maximum equivalent stress of the conoid ligament reconstruction device was higher than that of the double-bundle anatomical reconstruction.@*CONCLUSION@#The truly anatomical reconstruction of coracoclavicular ligament can improve the horizontal stability of acromioclavicular joint and reduce the stress of the trapezoid ligament reconstruction device. It can be a good method for the treatment of acromioclavicular joint dislocation.

Visual and quantitative assessment of the effectiveness of non-vascularized bone grafting in osteonecrosis of the femoral head via CT-based radiomics and clinical data / 中国修复重建外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the value of CT-based radiomics and clinical data in predicting the efficacy of non-vascularized bone grafting (NVBG) in hip preservation, and to construct a visual, quantifiable, and effective method for decision-making of hip preservation.@*METHODS@#Between June 2009 and June 2019, 153 patients (182 hips) with osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) who underwent NVBG for hip preservation were included, and the training and testing sets were divided in a 7∶3 ratio to define hip preservation success or failure according to the 3-year postoperative follow-up. The radiomic features of the region of interest in the CT images were extracted, and the radiomics-scores were calculated by the linear weighting and coefficients of the radiomic features after dimensionality reduction. The clinical predictors were screened using univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis. The radiomics model, clinical model, and clinical-radiomics (C-R) model were constructed respectively. Their predictive performance for the efficacy of hip preservation was compared in the training and testing sets, with evaluation indexes including area under the curve, C-Index, sensitivity, specificity, and calibration curve, etc. The best model was visualised using nomogram, and its clinical utility was assessed by decision curves.@*RESULTS@#At the 3-year postoperative follow-up, the cumulative survival rate of hip preservation was 70.33%. Continued exposure to risk factors postoperative and Japanese Investigation Committee (JIC) staging were clinical predictors of the efficacy of hip preservation, and 13 radiomic features derived from least absolute shrinkage and selection operator downscaling were used to calculate Rad-scores. The C-R model outperformed both the clinical and radiomics models in predicting the efficacy of hip preservation 1, 2, 3 years postoperative in both the training and testing sets ( P<0.05), with good agreement between the predicted and observed values. A nomogram constructed based on the C-R model showed that patients with lower Rad-scores, no further postoperative exposure to risk factors, and B or C1 types of JIC staging had a higher probability of femoral survival at 1, 2, 3 years postoperatively. The decision curve analysis showed that the C-R model had a higher total net benefit than both the clinical and radiomics models with a single predictor, and it could bring more net benefit to patients within a larger probability threshold.@*CONCLUSION@#The prediction model and nomogram constructed by CT-based radiomics combined with clinical data is a visual, quantifiable, and effective method for decision-making of hip preservation, which can predict the efficacy of NVBG before surgery and has a high value of clinical application.

Research Progress of microRNA-7/124/155 in Parkinson's Disease / 中国医学科学院学报

Parkinson's disease(PD)is the second most common neurodegenerative disease after Alzheimer's disease,with high morbidity and high disability rate.Since the early symptoms of PD are not typical and often similar to those of normal aging or other diseases.It is easy to missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis,which seriously affects the diagnosis and treatment of this disease and aggravetes the burden on the patients' life.MicroRNAs(miRNA)are a class of endogenous non-coding RNAs that are involved in post-transcriptional regulation by binding to target messenger RNAs(mRNA).They are highly conserved,short,easy to obtain,and can stably exist in peripheral body fluids.They have been used as biomarkers for a variety of diseases.Recent studies have demonstrated that miRNA play an important role in the development of PD.This paper reviews the recent research progress of miR-7/124/155,three mature miRNA in PD,aiming to provide reference for clarifying the pathogenesis and guiding the diagnosis and treatment of PD.

Lower Baseline LDL Cholesterol Affects All-cause Mortality in Patients with First Percutaneous Coronary Intervention / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

OBJECTIVE@#Foreign studies have reported that coronary artery disease (CAD) patients with high baseline low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) may have a good prognosis, which is called the "cholesterol paradox". This study aimed to examine whether the "cholesterol paradox" also exists in the Chinese population.@*METHODS@#A total of 2,056 patients who underwent the first percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) between 2014 and 2016 were enrolled in this retrospective cohort study and classified into two groups based on baseline LDL-C = 2.6 mmol/L (100 mg/dL). The outcomes of interest included major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), all-cause mortality, recurrent nonfatal myocardial infarction, unexpected coronary revascularization, or any nonfatal stroke.@*RESULTS@#All-cause mortality occurred in 8 patients (0.7%) from the low-LDL-C group and 12 patients (2.4%) in the high-LDL-C group, with a significant difference between the two groups (adjusted hazard ratio: 4.030, 95% confidence interval: 1.088-14.934; P = 0.037). However, no significant differences existed for the risk of MACE or other secondary endpoints, such as unexpected revascularization, nor any nonfatal stroke in the two groups.@*CONCLUSION@#In this study, a high baseline LDL-C was not associated with a low risk of clinical outcomes in CAD patients undergoing first PCI, which suggested that the "cholesterol paradox" may be inapplicable to Chinese populations.

Two new terpene glycosides from the Alpiniae Oxyphyllae Fructus / 药学学报

Two undescribed terpene glycosides and two compounds were isolated from the n-butanol fraction of Alpiniae Oxyphyllae Fructus by using various chromatographic methods, including MCI Gel, Sephadex LH-20, ODS, silica gel and semi-preparative HPLC. The structures of the isolated compounds were identified by spectroscopy methods (1D, 2D NMR, UV, IR, MS, etc.), and the absolute configuration of the compound 1 was determined by ECD calculation and acid hydrolysis. Compounds 1 and 2 are new compound, and compounds 3 and 4 were isolated from Alpiniae Oxyphyllae Fructus for the first time.

Effectiveness and safety of transcatheter aortic valve replacement in treatment of aortic regurgitation: A systematic review and meta-analysis / 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志

@#Objective    To investigate effectiveness and safety of transcatheter aortic valve replacement in the treatment of aortic regurgitation. Methods     PubMed, EMbase, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CNKI, Wanfang Data and VIP were searched from inception to August 2021. According to the criteria of inclusion and exclusion, two reviewers independently screened the literature, extracted the data and evaluated the quality of the included studies. Then, Stata 16.0 software was used for meta-analysis. Subgroup meta-analysis of valve type used and study type was performed. Results    Twenty-five studies (12 cohort studies and 13 single-arm studies) were included with 4 370 patients. Meta-analysis results showed that an incidence of device success was 87% (95%CI 0.81-0.92). The success rate of the new generation valve subgroup was 93% (95%CI 0.89-0.96), and the early generation valve subgroup was 66% (95%CI 0.56-0.75). In addition, the 30-day all-cause mortality was 7% (95%CI 0.05-0.10), the 30-day cardiac mortality was 4% (95%CI 0.01-0.07), the incidence of pacemaker implantation was 10% (95%CI 0.08-0.13), and the incidence of conversion to thoraco-tomy was 2% (95%CI 0.01-0.04). The incidence of moderate or higher paravalvular aortic regurgitation was 6% (95%CI  0.03-0.09). Conclusion     Transcatheter aortic valve replacement for aortic regurgitation is safe and yields good results, but some limitations can not be overcome. Therefore, multicenter randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm our results.

Acupuncture-Neuroimaging Research Trends over Past Two Decades: A Bibliometric Analysis / 中国结合医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To identify topics attracting growing research attention as well as frontier trends of acupuncture-neuroimaging research over the past two decades.@*METHODS@#This paper reviewed data in the published literature on acupuncture neuroimaging from 2000 to 2020, which was retrieved from the Web of Science database. CiteSpace was used to analyze the publication years, countries, institutions, authors, keywords, co-citation of authors, journals, and references.@*RESULTS@#A total of 981 publications were included in the final review. The number of publications has increased in the recent 20 years accompanied by some fluctuations. Notably, the most productive country was China, while Harvard University ranked first among institutions in this field. The most productive author was Tian J with the highest number of articles (50), whereas the most co-cited author was Hui KKS (325). Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine (92) was the most prolific journal, while Neuroimage was the most co-cited journal (538). An article written by Hui KKS (2005) exhibited the highest co-citation number (112). The keywords "acupuncture" (475) and "electroacupuncture" (0.10) had the highest frequency and centrality, respectively. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) ranked first with the highest citation burst (6.76).@*CONCLUSION@#The most active research topics in the field of acupuncture-neuroimaging over the past two decades included research type, acupoint specificity, neuroimaging methods, brain regions, acupuncture modality, acupoint specificity, diseases and symptoms treated, and research type. Whilst research frontier topics were "nerve regeneration", "functional connectivity", "neural regeneration", "brain network", "fMRI" and "manual acupuncture".

Epididymis cell atlas in a patient with a sex development disorder and a novel NR5A1 gene mutation / 亚洲男科学杂志(英文版)

This study aims to characterize the cell atlas of the epididymis derived from a 46,XY disorders of sex development (DSD) patient with a novel heterozygous mutation of the nuclear receptor subfamily 5 group A member 1 (NR5A1) gene. Next-generation sequencing found a heterozygous c.124C>G mutation in NR5A1 that resulted in a p.Q42E missense mutation in the conserved DNA-binding domain of NR5A1. The patient demonstrated feminization of external genitalia and Tanner stage 1 breast development. The surgical procedure revealed a morphologically normal epididymis and vas deferens but a dysplastic testis. Microfluidic-based single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) analysis found that the fibroblast cells were significantly increased (approximately 46.5%), whereas the number of main epididymal epithelial cells (approximately 9.2%), such as principal cells and basal cells, was dramatically decreased. Bioinformatics analysis of cell-cell communications and gene regulatory networks at the single-cell level inferred that epididymal epithelial cell loss and fibroblast occupation are associated with the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process. The present study provides a cell atlas of the epididymis of a patient with 46,XY DSD and serves as an important resource for understanding the pathophysiology of DSD.

Study on the correlation between early three-dimensional gait analysis and clinical efficacy after robot-assisted total knee arthroplasty / 中华创伤杂志(英文版)

PURPOSE@#Robot-assisted technology is a forefront of surgical innovation that improves the accuracy of total knee arthroplasty (TKA). But whether the accuracy of surgery can improve the clinical efficacy still needs further research. The purpose of this study is to perform three-dimensional (3D) analysis in the early postoperative period of patients who received robot-assisted total knee arthroplasty (RATKA), and to study the trend of changes in gait parameters after RATKA and the correlation with the early clinical efficacy.@*METHODS@#Patients who received RATKA in the Center of Joint Surgery, the First Hospital Affiliated to Army Military Medical University from October 2020 to January 2021 were included. The imaging parameters, i.e., hip-knee-ankle angle, lateral distal femoral angle, medial proximal tibial angle, posterior condylar angle were measured 3 months post-TKA. The 3D gait analysis and clinical efficacy by Western Ontario Mac Master University Index (WOMAC) score were performed pre-TKA, 3 and 6 months post-TKA. The differences in spatiotemporal parameters of gait, kinetic parameters, and kinematic parameters of the operated limb and the contralateral limb were compared. The correlation between gait parameters and WOMAC scores was analyzed. Paired sample t-test and Wilcoxon rank-sum test were used to analyze the difference between groups, and Spearman correlation coefficient was used to analyze the correlation.@*RESULTS@#There were 31 patients included in this study, and the imaging indexes showed that all of them returned to normal post-TKA. The WOMAC score at 3 months post-TKA was significantly lower than that pre-TKA, and there was no significant difference between at 3 and 6 months. The 3D gait analysis results showed that the double support time of the operated limb reduced at 3 and 6 months (all p < 0.05), the maximum extension and maximum external rotation of the knee joint increased at stance phase, and the maximum flexion angle, the range of motion and the maximum external rotation increased at swing phase. Compared with the preoperative data, there were significant improvements (all p < 0.05). Compared with the contralateral knee joint, the maximum external rotation of the knee joint at swing phase was smaller than that of the contralateral side, and the maximum flexion and extension moment was greater than that of the contralateral knee. The maximum external rotation moment of the joint was greater than that of the contralateral knee joint (p < 0.05). There was a negative correlation between the single support time pre-TKA and the WOMAC score at 3 months (p = 0.017), and the single support time at 3 months was negatively correlated with the WOMAC score at 6 months (p = 0.043). The cadence at 6 months was negatively correlated with the WOMAC score at 6 months (p = 0.031). The maximum knee extension at stance phase at 6 months was negatively correlated with the WOMAC score at 6 month (p = 0.048). The maximum external rotation at stance phase at 6 months was negatively correlated with the WOMAC score at 6 months (p = 0.024).@*CONCLUSION@#The 3D gait analysis of RATKA patients is more sensitive than WOMAC score in evaluating the clinical efficacy. Trend of changes in gait parameters shows that the knee joint support, flexion and extension function, range of motion, external rotation and varus deformity moment of the patient were significantly improved at 3 months after surgery, and continued to 6 months after surgery. Compared with the contralateral knee, the gait parameters of the operated limb still has significant gaps in functionality, such as the external rotation and flexion and extension. The single support time, cadence, knee extension, and knee external rotation of the operated limb have a greater correlation with the postoperative WOMAC score. Postoperative rehabilitation exercises should be emphasized, which is of great value for improving the early efficacy of RATKA.

A case of malignant peritoneal mesothelioma / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

Malignant mesothelioma is a highly malignant disease that most often occurs in the pleural cavity, followed by the peritoneum and pericardium. Malignant peritoneal mesothelioma (MPM) accounts for 10%-15% of all mesothelioma. The most important risk factor for MPM is exposure to asbestos. MPM has no specific clinical symptoms, imaging and histopathology are critical for the diagnosis. There are currently no generally accepted guidelines for curative treatment of MPM. The patient mainly presented with abdominal pain, abdominal distension and discomfort. Due to extensive omentum metastasis, no further surgical treatment was performed. Pemetrexed combined with cisplatin chemotherapy was given for 2 cycles, and the patient is still alive.

Analysis of tuberculosis epidemiological characteristics and drug resistance among the floating population in Beijing in 2019 / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective: To analyze the epidemic characteristics and drug resistance of pulmonary tuberculosis among the floating population in Beijing and to provide a scientific basis for formulating strategies for the prevention and control of tuberculosis among the floating population. Methods: Data of tuberculosis patients who were positive for Mycobacterium tuberculosis culture was collected from 16 districts and one municipal institution of tuberculosis control and prevention in Beijing in 2019. The strain samples were tested for drug sensitivity by the proportional method. According to household registration location, patients were divided into the floating population and Beijing registration. SPSS 19.0 software analyzed tuberculosis patients' epidemic characteristics and drug resistance in the floating population. Results: In 2019, there were 1 171 culture-positive tuberculosis patients in Beijing, among the floating population, 593 (50.64%) patients were identified, with a male-to-female sex ratio of 2.2∶1 (409∶184). Compared to patients under household registration as Beijing residents, a higher proportion of young adults aged 20-39 years (65.09%,386/593) were noticed, with 55.65% (330/593) reported from the urban areas and 96.80% (574/593) were reported the first time. The differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). After completing the drug sensitivity test, 37 cases were with multiple drug-resistant tuberculosis, accounting for 6.24% (37/593). The rates of isoniazid resistance (42.11%,8/19) and multidrug resistance (21.05%,4/19) in floating population patients after retreatment were significantly higher than those in newly treated patients (11.67%, 67/574 and 5.75%, 33/574), and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). Conclusions: Most patients with tuberculosis in the floating population in Beijing in 2019 were young males aged 20-39 years. The reporting areas were urban areas and the newly treated patients mainly. The patients with tuberculosis in the re-treated floating population were more likely to suffer from multidrug and drug resistance, which should be taken as the key population for prevention and control.

Risk factors analysis and prediction model construction of submucosal deep infiltration of early colorectal tumor / 中华肿瘤杂志

Objective: To investigate the risk factors for the development of deep infiltration in early colorectal tumors (ECT) and to construct a prediction model to predict the development of deep infiltration in patients with ECT. Methods: The clinicopathological data of ECT patients who underwent endoscopic treatment or surgical treatment at the Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from August 2010 to December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. The independent risk factors were analyzed by multifactorial regression analysis, and the prediction models were constructed and validated by nomogram. Results: Among the 717 ECT patients, 590 patients were divided in the within superficial infiltration 1 (SM1) group (infiltration depth within SM1) and 127 patients in the exceeding SM1 group (infiltration depth more than SM1). There were no statistically significant differences in gender, age, and lesion location between the two groups (P>0.05). The statistically significant differences were observed in tumor morphological staging, preoperative endoscopic assessment performance, vascular tumor emboli and nerve infiltration, and degree of tumor differentiation (P<0.05). Multivariate regression analysis showed that only erosion or rupture (OR=4.028, 95% CI: 1.468, 11.050, P=0.007), localized depression (OR=3.105, 95% CI: 1.584, 6.088, P=0.001), infiltrative JNET staging (OR=5.622, 95% CI: 3.029, 10.434, P<0.001), and infiltrative Pit pattern (OR=2.722, 95% CI: 1.347, 5.702, P=0.006) were independent risk factors for the development of deep submucosal infiltration in ECT. Nomogram was constructed with the included independent risk factors, and the nomogram was well distinguished and calibrated in predicting the occurrence of deep submucosal infiltration in ECT, with a C-index and area under the curve of 0.920 (95% CI: 0.811, 0.929). Conclusion: The nomogram prediction model constructed based on only erosion or rupture, local depression, infiltrative JNET typing, and infiltrative Pit pattern has a good predictive efficacy in the occurrence of deep submucosal infiltration in ECT.

Risk factors for residual cancer or lymph node metastasis after endoscopic noncurable resection of early colorectal cancer / 中华肿瘤杂志

Objective: Risk factors related to residual cancer or lymph node metastasis after endoscopic non-curative resection of early colorectal cancer were analyzed to predict the risk of residual cancer or lymph node metastasis, optimize the indications of radical surgical surgery, and avoid excessive additional surgical operations. Methods: Clinical data of 81 patients who received endoscopic treatment for early colorectal cancer in the Department of Endoscopy, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from 2009 to 2019 and received additional radical surgical surgery after endoscopic resection with pathological indication of non-curative resection were collected to analyze the relationship between various factors and the risk of residual cancer or lymph node metastasis after endoscopic resection. Results: Of the 81 patients, 17 (21.0%) were positive for residual cancer or lymph node metastasis, while 64 (79.0%) were negative. Among 17 patients with residual cancer or positive lymph node metastasis, 3 patients had only residual cancer (2 patients with positive vertical cutting edge). 11 patients had only lymph node metastasis, and 3 patients had both residual cancer and lymph node metastasis. Lesion location, poorly differentiated cancer, depth of submucosal invasion ≥2 000 μm, venous invasion were associated with residual cancer or lymph node metastasis after endoscopic (P<0.05). Logistic multivariate regression analysis showed that poorly differentiated cancer (OR=5.513, 95% CI: 1.423, 21.352, P=0.013) was an independent risk factor for residual cancer or lymph node metastasis after endoscopic non-curative resection of early colorectal cancer. Conclusions: For early colorectal cancer after endoscopic non-curable resection, residual cancer or lymph node metastasis is associated with poorly differentiated cancer, depth of submucosal invasion ≥2 000 μm, venous invasion and the lesions are located in the descending colon, transverse colon, ascending colon and cecum with the postoperative mucosal pathology result. For early colorectal cancer, poorly differentiated cancer is an independent risk factor for residual cancer or lymph node metastasis after endoscopic non-curative resection, which is suggested that radical surgery should be added after endoscopic treatment.

Clinical application and effectiveness of patellar tunnel locator in medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction surgery / 中国修复重建外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the operability and effectiveness of a self-developed patellar bone canal locator (hereinafter referred to as "locator") in the reconstruction of the medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL).@*METHODS@#A total of 38 patients with recurrent patellar dislocation who met the selection criteria admitted between January 2022 and December 2022 were randomly divided into study group (the patellar canal was established with a locator during MPFL reconstruction) and control group (no locator was used in MPFL reconstruction), with 19 cases in each group. There was no significant difference in baseline data between the two groups ( P>0.05), such as gender, age, body mass index, disease duration, patella Wiberg classification, constituent ratio of cartilage injury, Caton index, tibia tubercle-trochlear groove, and preoperative Lysholm score, Kujal score, Tegner score, visual analogue scale (VAS) score, and so on. The Lysholm score, Kujal score, Tegner score, and VAS score were used to evaluate knee joint function before operation and at 3 days,1 month, 3 months, and 6 months after operation. The ideal prepatellar cortical thickness and canal length were measured before operation, and the actual prepatellar cortical thickness and canal length after operation were also measured, and D1 (the distance between the ideal entrance and the actual entrance), D2 (the ideal canal length minus the actual canal length), D3 (the ideal prepatellar cortical thickness minus the actual prepatellar cortical thickness) were calculated.@*RESULTS@#Patients in both groups were followed up 6-8 months (mean, 6.7 months). The incision length and intraoperative blood loss in the study group were smaller than those in the control group, but the operation time was longer than that in the control group, the differences were significant ( P<0.05). There was no complication such as incision infection, effusion, and delayed healing in both groups, and no further dislocation occurred during follow-up. One patient in the study group had persistent pain in the anserine area after operation, and the symptoms were relieved after physiotherapy. The VAS score of the two groups increased significantly at 3 days after operation, and gradually decreased with the extension of time; the change trends of Lysholm score, Kujal score, and Tegner score were opposite to VAS score. Except that the Lysholm score and Kujal score of the study group were higher than those of the control group at 3 days after operation, and the VAS score of the study group was lower than that of the control group at 3 days and 1 month after operation, the differences were significant ( P<0.05), there was no significant difference in the scores between the two groups at other time points ( P>0.05). Patellar bone canal evaluation showed that there was no significant difference in preoperative simulated ideal canal length, prepatellar cortical thickness, and postoperative actual canal length between the two groups ( P>0.05). The postoperative actual prepatellar cortical thickness of the study group was significantly smaller than that of the control group ( P<0.05). D1 and D3 in the study group were significantly higher than those in control group ( P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in D2 between the two groups ( P>0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#The locator can improve the accuracy of MPFL reconstruction surgery, reduce the possibility of intraoperative damage to the articular surface of patella and postoperative patellar fractures.