ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To identify the representative attributes of the five elements of a person with a qualitative methodology and provide the basis for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of "people with the five elements in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM)."@*METHODS@#Data collected from the literature review, two sessions of brainstorming of experts with related experience in "people with the five elements in TCM" from October 2020 to December 2020, and six rounds of in-depth interviews with 30 participants who had various attributes of the five elements from March 2021 to October 2021 were analyzed. Triangulation was used in this study, and theming and synthesizing were used to analyze the data.@*RESULTS@#A total of 31 experts and 30 interviewees participated in this study. The median age of the experts and interviewees were 48.0 and 38.5 years, respectively; 51.66% and 54.8% of experts and interviewees, respectively, were men. The descriptors of facial diagrams of "people with the five elements in TCM" were complexion, shape, distribution state of facial bones, convergence trend of facial muscles, and facial expression. A theoretical model of "people with the five elements in TCM" was shaped based on these findings.@*CONCLUSION@#The study suggests a possibility for bridging the gap between personality and bodily state, identifying an avenue for personality research from the perspective of TCM.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Adult , Middle Aged , Medicine, Chinese Traditional/methods , Diagnosis , Projective TechniquesABSTRACT
Objective Typical carcinoma(TC), atypical carcinoma(AC) and large cellul neuroendocrine carcinoma (LC-NEC) are rare pulmonary neuroendocrine tumor (PNET) possessing different pathological features , biological behaviors and clinical prognosis .The paper aimed to investigate the characteristic CT findings of rare pulmonary neuroendocrine carcinoma in comparison with pathological diagnosis . Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on clinical data , CT findings and pathological results of 22 patients admitted in the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of TCM from 2010 to 2016, followed by statistical analysis . Results Among the 22 cases, there were 9 females and 13 males, 12 cases of central type and 10 cases of peripheral type , 7 cases with calcifi-cations, 10 cases with focal necrosis , 6 cases with combined bronchial obstruction sign , 5 cases with lymph node metastasis , and 1 case with distant metastasis.TC was presented with younger onset age , while AC and LCNEC with older onset age (P=0.003).TC ten-ded to be central type (P=0.044), mainly charaterized by bronchial lumen nodules (P=0.005) with smooth edges (P=0.000) and often accompanied with obstructive pneumonia and atelectasis ( P=0.019) without pleural involvement .AC mostly belonged to central type , charaterized by multilobulated soft tissue masses , elongated or"iceberg"in typical ones , with rare obstruction signs and no obvi-ous pleural involvement.LCNEC was mostly peripheral, with lobulated lesion margin (P=0.000), no obvious obstruction signs, and frequent pleura involvement ( P=0.000 ) . Conclusion Rare pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors have certain characteristic clinical features and CT findings .TC has the youngest onset age , mainly characterized by bronchial lumen nodules with smooth edges and often accompanied with obstruction signs , while LCNEC has the oldest on-set age and tends to be peripheral , mostly without obstruction signs and with frequent pleura involvement .