ABSTRACT
@#ObjectiveTo investigate the association between fasting blood glucose and the risk of cholelithiasis. MethodsA total of 87513 individuals who underwent fasting blood glucose test and liver/biliary ultrasound in health examination in Kailuan from 2006 to 2007 were enrolled as subjects, and according to the results of blood glucose test, the subjects were divided into normal blood glucose group with 73456 subjects, impaired fasting blood glucose group with 7165 subjects, and diabetic group with 6892 subjects. The log-rank test was used to compare the cumulative incidence rate of cholelithiasis between groups; the Cox proportional hazards model was used to analyze the influence of different levels of fasting blood glucose on new-onset cholelithiasis and calculate hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI); a stratified analysis was used to compare the risk of cholelithiasis between the individuals with different levels of fasting blood glucose in the groups with different sexes, blood lipid levels, and levels of body mass index (BMI). A one-way analysis of variance was used for comparison of normally distributed continuous data between multiple groups, and the Kruskal-Wallis H test was used for comparison of continuous data with skewed distribution between multiple groups. The chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data between groups. ResultsThere was a significant difference in the cumulative incidence rate of cholelithiasis between the normal blood glucose group, the impaired fasting blood glucose group, and the diabetic group (10.91% vs 12.17% vs 18.86%, χ2=27.94, P＜0.05). After the continuous adjustment for the other factors in the Cox proportional hazards model analysis, compared with the normal blood glucose group, the impaired fasting blood glucose group had a risk of new-onset cholelithiasis of 0.97(95%CI: 0.85-1.11, P=0.587), and the diabetic group had a risk of new-onset cholelithiasis of 1.15(95%CI: 1.01-1.30, P=0.019). The stratified analysis showed that diabetes was a risk factor for new-onset cholelithiasis in male individuals (HR=1.16, 95%CI: 1.01-1.33, P=0.043), individuals with normal blood lipids (HR=1.22, 95%CI: 1.01-1.49, P=0.044), and individuals with overweight based on BMI (HR=1.16, 95%CI: 1.01-1.35, P=0.048). ConclusionDiabetes can increase the risk of cholelithiasis. Diabetes is an independent risk factor for cholelithiasis in men, individuals with normal blood lipids, and individuals with overweight based on BMI.
ABSTRACT
Acute spinal cord injury(ASCI)can be divided into primary injury and secondary injury.Spinal cord edema is important for the development of secondary injury after ASCI.Spinal cord edema can be mainly divided into cytotoxic edema and angioedema.The application of dehydrating agents in the treatment of acute spinal cord injury is obvious.This article de-scribed the application of mannitol,hypertonic saline,glycerol fructose,furosemide,human serum albumin,resveratrol and other dehydrating agents in the treatment of ASCI.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the correlation between residual strength of neck and shoulder muscles and respiratory function in patients with cervical spinal cord injury.Methods From January,2015 to June,2016,the muscle strength of sternocleidomastoid,trapezius and deltoid was tested in 30 patients with cervical spinal cord injury five and 24 weeks after injury.Meanwhile,their neurological and pul-monary function was evaluated.Results There was correlation between the vital capacity and muscle strength of deltoid both five and 24 weeks after injury(r>0.806,P<0.05)in the patients intermittent without ventilation,and it was found in sense score five weeks after injury (r=0.914,P<0.01),motor score(r=0.979,P<0.001)and the muscle strength of trapezius(r=0.894,P<0.01)24 weeks after injury.Conclu-sion The residual strength of neck and shoulder muscles,especially of deltoid,plays an important role in the respiratory function in patients with cervical spinal cord injury.
ABSTRACT
Objective To study the modification of the International Spinal Cord Injury Bowel Function Basic Data Set and the signifi-cance for clinical practice. Methods The latest English version of the International Spinal Cord Injury Bowel Function Basic Data Set was compared with the previous version to find the significance of the data set. Results and Conclusion Twelve modifications were found in the latest version to make the worksheet more scientific and comprehensive for recording, and to facilitate the evaluation and comparison of var-ious published studies on intestinal dysfunction after spinal cord injury.
ABSTRACT
Objective To study the modification of the International Spinal Cord Injury Bowel Function Basic Data Set and the signifi-cance for clinical practice. Methods The latest English version of the International Spinal Cord Injury Bowel Function Basic Data Set was compared with the previous version to find the significance of the data set. Results and Conclusion Twelve modifications were found in the latest version to make the worksheet more scientific and comprehensive for recording, and to facilitate the evaluation and comparison of var-ious published studies on intestinal dysfunction after spinal cord injury.