ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To assess the risk factors for nosocomial blood-stream infection (BSI) in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Clinical data from the neonates admitted to the NICU in the St. Louis Children's Hospital in Washington University School of Medicine between January 2005 and December 2006 were retrospectively studied.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 1 290 neonates were included. Overall, 175 nosocomial BSIs occurred. Catheter-related BSIs accounted for 62.3% (109 cases). The incidence of nosocomial BSI was 4.22 per 1 000 patient-days. Logistic regression analysis revealed that low gestational age, low Apgar scores at 5 minutes, use of central venous catheter (CVC), and longer CVC use were risk factors for the development of nosocomial BSI. In the subgroup of neonates with CVC, mechanical ventilation was an additional independent risk factor for BSI.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Catheter-related BSI is the major source of nosocomial BSI in the NICU. Prematurity, low Apgar scores at birth and prolonged CVC use are risk factors for the development of BSI.</p>
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Male , Bacteremia , Cross Infection , Intensive Care Units, Neonatal , Logistic Models , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
Objective To explore the relationship between the levels of leptin and leptin receptor in placental and intrauterine growth retardation.Methods Eighty seven newborns were studied .Auxological data(birth weight, length and biceps, triceps, subscapular and iliac skinfold thickness) were obtained and recorded.According to birth weight ,the subjects were divided into :the small for gestational age(SGA)group and the appropriate for gestational age (AGA) group.The levels of leptin and leptin receptor mRNA in 87 placental tissue were assayed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).Results 1. The level of leptin receptor mRNA in placental was 0.894?0.291, which was positively related to the birth weight and body fat content (r=0.651,0.581,both P