Sociatry of moreno: online sociodrama and sociatry for social crises / Sociatria de moreno: sociodrama online e sociatria para crises sociais / Sociatría de moreno: sociodrama online y sociatría para crisis sociales

ABSTRACT In this article, Sociatric and Sociodramatic systems of J.L. Moreno, the founder of the Psychodrama Group Psychotherapy system, are discussed in the context of online applications. With the pandemic, war and other social crises online psychological help has been needed more than ever. There is a need to heal not only the individual, but also large groups and an entire society in such a great social trauma. Moreno is a scientist who wants to achieve this goal with his discipline of sociatry and he is the father of the concept of sociatry. Sociatry is concerned with the healing of societies. In this article, you will find an online intervention that involve a group of professionals with sociatric applications. With the help of online sociodrama studies, we were able to manage crisis intervention work with the affected group. To heal the society is to protect the future of humanity. Moreno, as a great visionary, is a genius who saw this truth a hundred years ago.

RESUMO Neste artigo, os sistemas Sociátricos e Sociodramáticos de J.L. Moreno, fundador do sistema Psicoterapia de Grupo Psicodrama, são discutidos no contexto de aplicativos online. Com a pandemia, a guerra e outras crises sociais, a ajuda psicológica online tornou-se mais necessária do que nunca. Há necessidade de curar não apenas o indivíduo, mas também grandes grupos e toda uma sociedade em um trauma social tão grande. Moreno é um cientista que quer atingir esse objetivo com sua disciplina de sociatria e é o pai do conceito de sociatria. A Sociatria está preocupada com a cura das sociedades. Neste artigo, irá encontrar uma intervenção online que envolve um grupo de profissionais com aplicações sociátricas. Com a ajuda de estudos on-line de sociodrama, conseguimos gerenciar o trabalho de intervenção em crises com o grupo afetado. Curar a sociedade é proteger o futuro da humanidade. Moreno, como grande visionário, é um gênio que viu essa verdade há cem anos.

RESUMEN En este artículo, se discuten los sistemas Sociatric y Sociodramático de J.L. Moreno, el fundador del sistema de Psicoterapia de Grupo Psicodrama, en el contexto de las aplicaciones en línea. Con la pandemia, la guerra y otras crisis sociales se ha necesitado más que nunca ayuda psicológica online. Hay una necesidad de curar no solo al individuo, sino también a grandes grupos y a toda una sociedad en un trauma social tan grande. Moreno es un científico que quiere lograr este objetivo con su disciplina de la sociatría y es el padre del concepto de sociatría. La sociatría se ocupa de la curación de las sociedades. En este artículo, encontrará una intervención en línea que involucra a un grupo de profesionales con aplicaciones sociátricas. Con la ayuda de estudios de sociodrama en línea, pudimos gestionar el trabajo de intervención en crisis con el grupo afectado. Sanar la sociedad es proteger el futuro de la humanidad. Moreno, como gran visionario, es un genio que vio esta verdad hace cien años.

Mid-Term Results of Left Carotid-Subclavian Bypass in Patients Undergoing Zone 2 TEVAR

ABSTRACT Introduction: The aim of this study was to present the mid-term results of patients who had undergone a carotid-subclavian bypass surgery after a thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) stent-graft implantation with proximal landing at zone 2 of the aorta. Methods: A total of 66 patients had undergone TEVAR and carotid-subclavian bypass between January 2015 and May 2020 at our clinic. Five of these patients were lost to follow-up, so 61 patients were included in this retrospective study. At follow-up visits, patency of the carotid-subclavian bypass grafts was evaluated with physical examination and radiological imaging. Results: The mean follow-up time was 15.11±12.29 months (ranging from 1 to 56 months). There were 3 (4.91%) in-hospital deaths of patients admitted with bilateral lower limb and visceral malperfusion. There were also 2 (3.27%) deaths unrelated to the procedure. Carotid-subclavian graft occlusion occurred in 3 (4.91%) patients. The occlusion was detected with radiological imaging within a period of 12 to 24 months. The graft patency rate was 100% in the first 12 months. The mean graft patency time (survival) was 52.56±2.10 months. Conclusion: Periprocedural carotid-subclavian bypass surgery with synthetic grafts is a recommended procedure with high patency and acceptably low mortality and morbidity rates in TEVAR.

Knowledge, Attitude And Practice Towards Sexual And Reproductive Health Including Comprehensive Sexuality Education Among First Year Students Of University Malaysia Sabah (Ums), Malaysia

@#This study aims to assess knowledge, attitude and behavior in sexual and reproductive health (SRH) including comprehensive sexuality education (CSE) among 439 first year students; 213 sciences and 226 arts students from 5 Faculties of University Malaysia Sabah (2016-2017). Exposure of Malaysian students to sexual education is limited to science subjects which are only being taught at upper elementary and secondary high school levels. Arts students are less exposed to sexual education across Malaysia as it is delivered in Basic Science subject only. It was a university-based, cross-sectional, descriptive study. Pretested self- administered questionnaire was anonymously completed by all participants and was conducted from November 2016 to January 2017. Students’ demographic characteristics from Science and Arts streams were same except females, Sabah ethnics and Malays were more in Arts. Awareness of HIV/AIDS, Condom, Wet dream, COC pills and abortion services were more in Science students and statistically significant. 34.3 % and 81.2% of Science students agreed that CSE should be introduced in primary and secondary school but not statistically significant. 22 out of 439 students were sexually active. Science students had more knowledge about SRH and favourable attitude towards sexuality education but less favourable behaviour of watching and reading pornographic materials. It was concluded that there were gaps in knowledge, attitude and behaviour of SRH and need to remedy these by giving appropriate CSE classes to first-year university students in an elective module according to their culture and religious beliefs in accord with International Technical Guidance on Sexuality Education (ITGSE).

Diastolic dysfunction grading, echocardiographic and electrocardiogram findings in 50 patients with apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

@#Introduction: Apical Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (Apical HCM) is an uncommon variant of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, but it is relatively more common in Asian countries. This is a retrospective, non-randomised, single centre study of patients with Apical HCM focusing on their diastolic dysfunction grading, echocardiographic parameters and electrocardiograms (ECG). Methods: All Apical HCM patients coming for clinic visits at the Institut Jantung Negara from September 2017 to September 2018 were included. We assessed their echocardiography images, grade their diastolic function and reviewed their ECG on presentation. Results: Fifty patient were included, 82% (n=41) were males and 18% (n=9) females. The diastolic function grading of 37 (74%) patients were able to be determined using the updated 2016 American Society of Echocardiography (ASE) diastolic guidelines. Fifty percent (n=25) had the typical ace-ofspades shape left ventricle (LV) appearance in diastole and 12% (n=6) had apical pouch. All patients had T inversion in the anterior leads of their ECG, and only 52% (n=26) fulfilled the ECG left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) criteria. Majority of our patients presented with symptoms of chest pain (52%, n=26) and dyspnoea (42%, n=21). Conclusion: The updated 2016 ASE guideline makes it easier to evaluate LV diastolic function in most patients with Apical HCM. It also helps in elucidating the aetiology of dyspnoea, based on left atrial pressure. Clinicians should have a high index of suspicion for Apical HCM when faced with deep T inversion on ECG, in addition to a thick LV apex with an aceof-spades appearance during diastole.

Marine sponges of the genus as promising drug sources: chemical and biological aspects

Marine sponges of the genus are well known as rich sources of diverse and complex biologically relevant natural products, including alkaloids, terpenoids, peptides, lipids, and steroids. Some of these metabolites, with novel structures and promising biological activities, have attracted a lot of attention from chemists seeking to perform their total synthesis in parallel to intensive biological studies towards new drug leads. In this review, we summarized the distribution of the chemically investigated sponges, the isolation, synthesis and biological activities of their secondary metabolites, covering the literature from 1982 to early 2018.

Are radiological modalities really necessary for the long-term follow-up of patients having blunt solid organ injuries? A single center study / 世界急诊医学杂志（英文）

@#During the past two decades, management of blunt solid organ injuries had shifted from conventional surgery to more conservative approach, namely nonoperative management (NOM).[1] The non-operative approach mainly depends on the trauma experience of surgeons and the institution, quality of radiographic imaging and its interpretation.[2-5] If the surgeon decides to observe the patients by NOM, close monitoring of vital signs and frequent physical examinations must be done accordingly with radiological evaluations if needed.

Preliminary monitoring of concentration of particulate matter (PM) in seven townships of Yangon City, Myanmar

BACKGROUND@#Airborne particulate pollution is more critical in the developing world than in the developed countries in which industrialization and urbanization are rapidly increased. Yangon, a second capital of Myanmar, is a highly congested and densely populated city. Yet, there is limited study which assesses particulate matter (PM) in Yangon currently. Few previous local studies were performed to assess particulate air pollution but most results were concerned PM alone using fixed monitoring. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess distribution of PM in different townships of Yangon, Myanmar. This is the first study to quantify the regional distribution of PM in Yangon City.@*METHODS@#The concentration of PM was measured using Pocket PM Sensor (Yaguchi Electric Co., Ltd., Miyagi, Japan) three times (7:00 h, 13:00 h, 19:00 h) for 15 min per day for 5 days from January 25 to 29 in seven townships. Detailed information of eight tracks for PM pollution status in different areas with different conditions within Kamayut Township were also collected.@*RESULTS@#The results showed that in all townships, the highest PM concentrations in the morning followed by the evening and the lowest concentrations in the afternoon were observed. Among the seven townships, Hlaingtharyar Township had the highest concentrations (164 ± 52 μg/m) in the morning and (100 ± 35 μg/m) in the evening. Data from eight tracks in Kamayut Township also indicated that PM concentrations varied between different areas and conditions of the same township at the same time.@*CONCLUSION@#Myanmar is one of the few countries that still have to establish national air quality standards. The results obtained from this study are useful for the better understanding of the nature of air pollution linked to PM. Moreover, the sensor which was used in this study can provide real-time exposure, and this could give more accurate exposure data of the population especially those subpopulations that are highly exposed than fixed station monitoring.

A case of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura in late pregnancy

No abstract available.

Vivências de pessoas com diabetes e amputação de membros / Experiences of people with diabetes and amputation of members / Vivencias de personas con diabetes y amputación de miembros

Trata-se de um estudo exploratório, descritivo, com abordagem qualitativa, na perspectiva fenomenológica heideggeriana. Foi desenvolvido no Centro Integrado de Saúde Dr. Lineu Araújo e em Unidades Básicas de Saúde, de Teresina (PI), tendo como sujeitos doze pacientes diabéticos e amputados. Utilizou-se como técnica para produção dos dados a entrevista fenomenológica. Na tentativa de aproximação e apropriação dos significados por eles atribuídos, foram construídas quatro Unidades de Significação. Nesta perspectiva, Ser-pessoa-com-diabetes-e-amputações de membros significa vivenciar um cotidiano permeado por dificuldades, limitações e restrições impostas pela situação; sofrer pela dependência de outras pessoas, pela solidão imposta pelo isolamento social, seja por limitações pessoais, econômicas e/ou inadequação das políticas públicas.

This is an exploratory, descriptive, qualitative study, built up on Heidegger's phenomenological perspective. It was developed at the Integrated Health Center Dr. Lineu Araújo and at Basic Health Units of Teresina (PI), with the subjects being twelve diabetic patients that have suffered member's amputation. Phenomenological interview was used, as the technique for producing the data. In an attempt of approaching and appropriation of the meanings they attributed to the phenomena, four units of meaning were built. In this perspective, being-person-with diabetes-and-member amputations means experiencing a quotidian permeated by difficulties, restrictions and limitations imposed by the situation; suffering for dependence on others, loneliness imposed by social isolation, either by personal limitations, economic and / or inadequacy of public policies.

Este es un estudio exploratorio, descriptivo, con enfoque cualitativo, desenvuelto en la perspectiva fenomenológica heideggeriana. Se desarrolló en el Centro Integrado de Salud Dr. Lineu Araújo y en una Unidad Básica de Salud de Teresina (PI), teniendo como sujetos doce pacientes diabéticos sometidos a amputaciones. Como técnica para producir los datos, se utilizó la entrevista fenomenológica. En un intento de acercamiento y apropiación de los significados que ellos atribuyen al fenómeno, se construyeron cuatro unidades de significado. En consecuencia, Ser persona-con diabetes-y- amputación de miembros significa experimentar un cotidiano impregnado por dificultades, restricciones y limitaciones impuestas por la situación; y sufrir por la dependencia de otros, y de la soledad impuesta por el aislamiento social, ya sea por limitaciones personales, económicas y / o por insuficiencia de políticas públicas.

A humanização no cuidar da criança portadora de câncer: fatores limitantes e facilitadores / Humanization in the care given to children with cancer: limiting and facilitating factors

Objetivo - Identificar os meios utilizados pela enfermagem para prestar cuidados humanizados às crianças com câncer, bem como os fatores limitantes e facilitadores deste cuidar. Métodos - Estudo exploratório, descritivo e qualitativo. Foram entrevistados nove profissionais de enfermagem do setor oncológico pediátrico de um hospital filantrópico de Teresina-PI. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevista gravada em aparelho digital e, posteriormente, transcritos e classificados em categorias analíticas. Resultados - O estabelecimento e valorização do vinculo de confiança e amizade entre profissional, criança e família foram os meios utilizados pela enfermagem no cuidado humano à criança. Foram achados fatores que dificultam a busca da assistência humanizada como a não cooperação de alguns pais frente aos cuidados prestados e o ambiente pouco acolhedor oferecido à criança e família. Entretanto, há fatores que facilitam a assistência como a empatia do profissional de enfermagem com o setor de oncologia e a visão da criança de que este exerce um cuidado muito importante durante a hospitalização. Conclusão - Foi possível identificar os meios utilizados pela enfermagem para se prestar cuidados humanizados, bem como os fatores limitantes e facilitadores deste cuidar. É fundamental a utilização desses meios, pois contribuem para a melhoria da assistência prestada a esses sujeitos.

Objective - To identify the means used by nurses to provide humane care for children with cancer as well as the limiting and facilitating factors of such care. Methods - It is an exploratory, descriptive and qualitative study. Nine nurses in the pediatric oncology ward of a philanthropic hospital in Teresina-PI were interviewed. Data were collected through interviews recorded on digital device and later transcribed and categorized into analytical categories. Results - The establishment and enhancement of the bond of trust and friendship between professional, child and family were the means used by nurses in giving children humane care. Factors that hinder the search for humanized care were found such as the non-cooperation by some parents before the care given and unwelcoming environment offered to children and family. However, there are factors that facilitate the assistance like the nurse's empathy towards the cancer ward and the child's view that this professional gives him or her very important care during hospitalization. Conclusion - It was possible to identify the means used by nurses to provide humane care, as well as the limiting and facilitating factors of such care. It is essential to use such means, in that they contribute to improving the care given to these people.

Relationship between eye dominance and handedness in two different methods among university students / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To evaluate the relationship between eye dominance and hand preference among university students with respect to dominant hemisphere. METHODS: A total of 179 university students (mean age ±SD was 19.4±1.6 years) were included in the study. The subject population was composed of 110 females (61.5%) and 69 males (38.5%) volunteered for examina-tion. Eye dominance was determined by two different methods named Gündoan and McManus tests. Handed-ness was also determined by two different methods as Edinburgh Handedness Inventory Oldfield (1971) and McManus tests. The reliability of the survey was examin-ed using a test-retest method.RESULTS: Without gender difference right/left eye dominance were found respectively for 110 (61.5%), 69 (38.5%) subjects by Gündoan test. When the same subjects were re-tested by McManus method the right/left eye dominance was found respectively for 128 (71.5%), 51 (28.5 %). The results of these two methods were related significantly, with an agreement score κ=0.256 (P<0.01). In females the right/left eye dominance were found respectively as 62 (56.4%), 48 (43.6%) by Gündoan test as it was found respectively 74 (67.3%), 36 (32.7%) for the same subjects when re-tested by McManus test method. The results of these two tests for females were related significantly by Fisher exact test (P<0.05), with agreement score κ=0.239 (P<0.01). In males the right/left eye dominance were found respectively as 48 (69.6%), 21 (30.3%) in Gündoan test method as it was found 54 (78.3%), 15(21.7%) for the same subjects when re-tested by McManus test (P>0.05). Right handedness ratios were 91.6% (n=164) and 91.1% (n=163) in Oldfield and McManus tests, respec-tively. Statistical agreement between these two methods was also represented with a high score (κ=0.753, P<0.01). The statistical relationship correlation between eye dominance and throwing hand was found significant by McManus test methods (Fisher exact test P<0.017) with an agreement score phi=0.193, P<0.05.CONCLUSION: The marked right handedness was observed among university students in both two hand preference tests. According to McManus test the throwing hand seems to have more consistent relation with the right eye dominance. Throwing hand and dominant eye seems to be a most reliable way for detecting functional asymmetry and cerebral laterality.

A study on dominant eye measurement / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To examine a new performance test for detecting eye dominance by testing and re-testing with two different methods of the same subjects for comparing and discussing the reliabilities of these tests. ·METHODS: A total of 179 university students (mean age±SD was 19.37±1.62 years) were voluntarily participate in this survey consisting of 110 females (61.5%) and 69 males (38.5%). Eye dominances were determined by two different methods which were named McManus examined using a test-retest method. ·RESULTS: Without sex difference right eyes were found dominant for 128 (71.5%) participants by McManus test. The right eye dominance were found for 110 (61.5%) subjects. The results of these two methods were related significantly by Fisher Exact test (P ＜ 0.01), with an agreement scores (κ=0.256, P＜ 0.001). In females the right eye dominance were found for 74 (67.3%) and left eye were found for 36 (32.7%) by McManus test. When the right eye dominance was found as 62 (56.4%); and the left eye dominance was found for 48 (43.6%) females were related significantly by Fisher Exact test (P＜ 0.05), with a weak agreement scores (κ=0.239, P ＜ 0.01). In males the right/left eye dominance were found respectively 54 (78.3%), 15(21.7%) in McManus test as it was found as 48 (69.6%), 21 (30.4%) for the same test and Fisher exact test were used for the analysis of categorical data. The agreement between different methods was analyzed with Kappa statistics. Comparison of proportions was made by two proportions z test. P value less than 0.05 was considered as significant. ·CONCLUSION: Without gender difference and also in both females and males marked right eye dominance was observed. The right eye dominance was considering functional laterality may due to the dominance of left hemisphere instead of right hemisphere. It is an important topic future research in laterality, and it may well become an important model system for future research.

As diferenças de gênero na velhice / Gender differences in the oldness

Estudo de natureza qualitativa que teve como objeto investigar as questões de gênero presentes e determinantes da saúde e da qualidade de vida das pessoas que envelhecem. Os sujeitos foram 20(vinte) idosos do Programa Terceira Idade em Ação PTIA. A entrevista semi-estruturada foi utilizada como técnica de coleta de dados. Das falas emergiram informações que responderam as inquietações da investigação e possibilitaram a formulação de três categorias de analises. Na 1ª destacou-se a baixa auto-estima vivenciada pelos homens ao envelhecerem, já na 2ª evidenciou-se à autonomia e a liberdade conquistada pelas mulheres idosas, e na 3ª o aprendizado ocorrido entre as mulheres idosas que se inseriram no PTIA. Concluindo-se que existe influência das questões de gênero na saúde e qualidade de vida na velhice.

Qualitative study that aimed at investigatiing present and decisive gender subjects of health and elder people's life quality. The subjects were 20 (twenty) seniors of the Programa Terceira Idade em Ação PTIA. The semi-structured interview was used as data collection technique. From the speeches, information that answered the investigation inquietudes emerged and they made possible the formulation of three analysis categories. In the first, it stood out the low self-esteem lived by the men when they age, otherwise in the second one it was evidenced the autonomy and the freedom conquered by the senior women, and in the third category the learning happened among the old ladies who participated of PTIA. Concluding that there is influence of the gender subjects in health and life quality in aging.

Estudio de naturaleza cualitativa que tuvo como objetivo investigar las cuestiones de género presentes y determinantes de la salud y de la calidad de vida de las personas ancianas. Los sujetos fueron 20 (veinte) ancianos del programa Terceira Idade em Ação - PTIA. La entrevista semiestructurada fue utilizada como técnica de recolección de datos. De las declaraciones emergieran informaciones que respondieran las inquietudes de la investigación y hicieron posible la formulación de tres categorías de análisis. En la primera se destacó la baja autoestima vivida por los hombres cuando son ancianos, ya en la segunda se demostró la autonomía y la libertad conquistada por las mujeres mayores, y en la tercera el aprendizaje ocurrido entre las mujeres ancianas que se insirieron en PTIA. Concluyéndose que hay influencia de las cuestiones de género en la salud y calidad de vida en la mayoridad.

High myopia associated with colour vision deficiency:a family report / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To evaluate genetic characteristics and clinical findings in a family with high myopia and colour vision deficiency (CVD).METHOD: Eight affected subjects of 42 members in four generations of the same family underwent a complete ophthalmic examination. Classical and computer adapted Ishihara Plates and Farnsworth-Munsell 100 Hue (FM100H)tests were used for determining the red-green CVD and full-field electroretinography (ERG) was performed to evaluate retinal function.RESULTS: Eight affected subjects had subnormal visual acuity due to high myopia. The results of colour vision tests were consistent with red-green CVD in six of these affected subjects. Fundus examination showed degenerative myopic changes characterized with generalized chorioretinal atrophy.Abnormal cone and rod dark-adaptation and diminished cone response in ERG were found in two subjects. According to family pedigree, it has been suggested that red-green CVD has X-linked recessive inheritance.CONCLUSION: The concurrence of high myopia with CVD in the members of this family may show a possible evidence for an associate genetic basis on different disorders.

Color vision deficiency of three sisters in the same family / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

· AIM: To evaluate genetic characteristics of congenital color vision deficiency of our medical student and her family subjects for establishing the mode of inheritance.· METHODS: Ishihara Pseudo-isochromatic Plate Test (IPPT)was used for determining the color vision deficiency and Farnsworth 100 Hue test (F100HT) was done for evaluating the type of color vision deficiency. Family pedigree was established for the color blindness, ophthalmologic examinations and genetic studies were done. Genetic counseling was given to her family.· RESULTS: Ocular examination revealed best correction bilateral visual acuity of 20/20 in both eyes, with myopic correction (-2.0D). Slit-lamp examination and intraocular pressure measurement were within normal limits and funduscopy revealed normal optic nerve, macula and retinal periphery. All other external ocular assessment and neurological examinations were normal. Proband's sisters and her parents' ophthalmic examinations were also normal. The error scores of three sisters and their father were found 19-20/25 in IPPT. The results were consistent as deutran of red-green color blindness. The chromosome analyses and ovarian cycles were both normal.· CONCLUSION: According to her family pedigree, her color blindness was due to X-linked recessive penetrance mode of inheritance.

Computer adapted Ishihara test in 104 students / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To investigate the validity of computer-adapted Ishihara test and the concordance with classic Ishihara test for the diagnosis of colour blindness. The sensitivity and the specificity of computer-adapted Ishihara test and potential usefulness of the test for detecting congenital colour blindness or colour vision deficiency were discussed.METHODS: Colour vision of 104 university students aged between 20 and 23 (median 21) years was evaluated by two methods. These methods are: 1) Individual test method based on computer-adapted Ishihara colour plates; 2) Individual test method based on classic method of exposing Ishihara colour printed plates. The capabilities of students perceiving colours were evaluated by these two different methods. The specificity, concordance and validity for the computer adapted Ishihara test method were investigated.RESULTS: There were 6 male and 1 female colour blind students. The pedigree of the female student proved to have a carrier mother and colour blind father. The incidence of colour blindness was 13.6 % (6/44) among males and 1.7%(1/60) for females. The incidence of colour blindness in whole population was 6.7 % (7/104). These students had not been aware that they have colour vision deficiency before our examination tests. Test results of students with normal colour vision and the students with colour blindness were compared as well as the two test methods in terms of concordance. The sensitivity and the specificity were both found to be 100 %and concordance was also found 100 %.CONCLUSION: Computer-adapted Ishihara test is digitally mastered, and remains true with respect to the basic concepts of color vision testing. It has obvious advantages over manual testing because its total test time and its error scores are standardized. It has been found 100% in agreement with the golden standard of classic Ishihara test. These features make this test original and dependable one.