ABSTRACT
Introduction-Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease which still remains a serious public health problem due to its ability to cause disability. The prevention of leprosy ultimately lies in the early diagnosis and treatment of the individ-uals having leprosy. Changing leprosy scenario has led to requirement of leprosy education. However the knowledge of medical college students on leprosy remains unknown. Aim: To assess the post-sensitization knowledge and awareness of medical students after state leprosy sensitization program. Materials and methods: A questionnaire based, cross sectional study was conducted among 107 medical students of different years starting from 2ndyear and onwards in the month of July 2017 after state leprosy sensitization program. Results: Among the medical students 70 (75%) were male students and 37(25%) were female students coming from different years of their admission in med-icalcollege.Regardingthebasicknowledgeofleprosy100%of3ndyear and final year students were having knowledge about the cause of leprosy and 100% of final year and 3rdyear medical students know about other name of Leprosy (Hansen,s disease) respectively.100% of final year ,3rdyear and 2ndyear medical students had knowledge about multidrug therapy (MDT) in in-depth knowledge of leprosy respectively. Regarding the virulence of bacilli 87%, 60% and 63% of final, 3rd and 2nd year medical students had apt knowledge respectively. Conclusion-These observa-tions suggest that the basic and in-depth knowledge of medical students about cause, types, prevention and treat-ment etc. of leprosy shows increasing trend owing to the part of their curriculum. However there is still a need to organize sensitization programs at regular intervals to impart basic and in-depth knowledge to new medical stu-dents, as well as to update the knowledge of those who already had such sensitization programs.
ABSTRACT
Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a physiological disorder that causes many negative effects involving a variety of systems in the body, such as the endocrine, metabolic, psychological, and reproductive systems. An individual may present with a variety of reproductive, metabolic, and psychological problems. Method In this descriptive cross-sectional study, women of reproductive age group (15–35 yrs), presenting with infertility, irregular menstruation, acne, hirsuitism and obesity were included. Consecutive sample method and total 139 patients were included. Detailed history with specific emphasis on history of infertility, age, menstrual history (oligomenorrhoea; regular or irregular menses), and obesity was done. Serum FSH, LH, and LH:FSH ratio levels were estimated. TVS/TA, increase in number of follicles in ovary (multiple follicles), and increase in ovarian volume were noted. Result Out of the 139 patients studied at PRH, maximum patients (88.5%) had normal levels of Sr. LH. These normal levels were of follicular and luteal phase. Remaining 16 (11.5%) had increased levels of Sr. LH. Out of the 139 patients studied at PRH, majority (99.3%) of the patients had normal levels of Sr. FSH. These normal levels were of follicular and luteal phase. Only 1(0.7%) patient had decreased level of Sr. FSH. Of the 139 patients studied at PRH with evidence of PCOS, 58 (41.7%) patients had increased ratio of Sr. LH:Sr. FSH (i.e., ≥2:1). Remaining 81(58.3%) patients had normal ratio. In the present study of 139 patients, 65 patients had exclusive USG findings, 13 (9.4%) patients had exclusive hormonal evidence and 45 patients had combined USG and hormonal evidence. Overall 16 (11.5%) patients had neither of the evidence (although they had clinical features of PCOS). Conclusion Hormonal evidence of PCOS was present. Of these serums, LH levels were raised in majority of the cases and also raised LH:FSH ratio despite the values of hormones being in normal range. Both, i.e., USG alone and USG combined hormonal, were good evaluators for clinically suspected cases of PCOS.