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Objective@#To understand current situation of school meal program in Hebei Province and the satisfaction among students and their parents.@*Methods@#Multi-stage random cluster sampling was used to select 24 primary and secondary schools in the three cities of Shijiazhuang, Tangshan and Cangzhou in Hebei Province. A total of 2 739 students from grades 2, 5 and 8 were randomly selected, and 2 716 parents were surveyed.@*Results@#There were 958 students who were very satisfied with the school lunch, 717 who were more satisfied, 686 who were generally satisfied, 221 who were less satisfied, and 157 who were very dissatisfied. Among them, the satisfaction of students in Shijiazhuang and Tangshan was higher than that in Cangzhou(Z=51.42, P<0.01), and the satisfaction of students in urban areas was higher than that in suburbs(Z=4.12, P<0.01). The satisfaction of young students was higher than that of high students(Z=151.42, P<0.01). There were statistically significant differences in some aspects which as food hygiene, food appearance, lunch quantity, food tastes, foodpairing and lunch price among parents of students in the three cities(P<0.01).@*Conclusion@#Students and parents are generally statisfied with school lunches, but the taste of meals served in schools needs to be improved, and the government needs to invest more in school meals and provide scientific training for cafeteria staff on a regular basis. Parents’ opinions and suggestions on feeding to improve the quality of feeding.
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Objective To study the changes of natural killer T cells (NKT cells) in peripheral blood and the ability of NKT cells to proliferate in response to alpha-galactosyl ceramide (α-Galcer) in children with asthma.Methods Fifty-two asthmatic children who were diagnosed by Pediatric Clinic of Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University Medical College from Feb.2009 to Mar.2012 were selected as asthmatic group (26 cases in intermittent group,14 cases in mild persistent group and 12 cases in moderate persistent group).Twenty healthy children were selected as healthy control group.Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were collected by way of density gradient centrifugation method from blood samples.The ratio of peripheral blood NKT and CD4 + NKT cells were assessed by immunolluorescence and flow cytometry assays.The relationships between the NKT cells number,CD4 + NKT cells and atopic indexes such as the total IgE,eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) and the severity of asthma were investigated.The levels of IFN-γ,IL-4,IL-10 in peripheral blood were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay after proliferate in response to α-Galcer.The data were analyzed by using statistics software.Results Compared with healthy control group,the ratio of peripheral blood NKT and CD4 + NKT cells in asthmatic patients were significantly decreased (all P ＜0.01) ; There were no significant differences in asthmatic patients among the subgroups in terms of severity (P ＞ 0.05).There was no significant correlation between the NKT cells,CD4 + NKT cells and atopic indexes such as the total IgE and ECP(all P ＞ 0.05).The level of IL-4 in serum secreted by NKT cells in asthmatic group was significantly higher than that of healthy control group (P ＜0.01) ;The level of IL-10 in serum secreted by NKT cells in asthmatic group was decreased significantly (P ＜0.01) ;There was no significant difference in IFN-γ secreted by NKT cells between the asthmatic group and healthy control group (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion The pathogenesis of asthma may be related to the ratio and dysfunction of NKT cells and CD4 + NKT cells.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the changes of serum interleukin-15 (IL-15) levels and the expression of CD4(+)T (T-helper lymphocyte) subsets CD4(+)CD45RA(+) and CD4(+)CD45RO(+) in peripheral blood of children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The serum concentration of IL-15 was detected using ELISA in 39 children with JRA. The expressions of CD4(+)CD45RA(+)T and CD4(+)CD45RO(+)T in peripheral blood were detected by flow cytometry in 24 out of the 39 patients with JRA. Twenty-six age and sex-matched healthy children were used as the Control group.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The mean serum IL-15 level in JRA patients was significantly higher than that in controls (1.37 +/- 0.98 pg/mL vs 0.96 +/- 0.41 pg/mL, P <0.05). Among the 39 JRA patients, the serum IL-15 level in 17 patients with systemic JRA increased remarkably (P < 0.01), but not in patients with the other two types of JRA, the oligoarthritis and polyarthritis (n=13, n=9, respectively), compared with that in controls. The mean serum IL-15 level of the JRA patients was significantly reduced after conventional treatment (P < 0.01). The serum IL-15 level in JRA patients positively correlated with white blood cell count (r=0.347, P <0.05) and C reactive protein (r=0.452, P < 0.01) but not with the erythrocyte sedimentation rate. The patients with high serum IL-15 levels (> or = medium level 1.73 pg/mL) had higher expression of CD4(+)CD45RO(+)T than those with low serum IL-15 levels (< medium level) (16.29 +/- 5.46% vs 11.75 +/- 3.15 %, P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The serum IL-15 levels in JRA patients increased significantly. An increased IL-15 level can transform CD45RA into CD45RO in peripheral blood of patients with JRA, and then result in T lymphocyte activation and mediate the immunopathological impairment. IL-15 may be used a marker for the evaluation of severity of JRA.</p>
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Arthritis, Juvenile , Allergy and Immunology , CD4 Antigens , Interleukin-15 , Blood , Leukocyte Common Antigens , T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer , Allergy and ImmunologyABSTRACT
Objective To investigate clinical characteristics of refractory systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis(JIA)and the efficiency of glucocorticoid in therapy on this kind of disease.Methods Thirty-nine children with systemic JIA were divided into low dose group 0.5-1.0 mg/(kg?d)and high dose group 1.0-1.5 mg/(kg?d).And the efficiency was observed by change of active index after 10 and 20 days.Results The effective power was 58.8% and 72.7% after 10 days,respectively.After 20 days,the power was 76.5% and 90.9%,respectively.The power in high dose group was significantly higher than that in low dose group.It had no difference in statistical analysis for efficiency of 2 kind of glucocorticoid dosage to control fever,but it had obvious difference to control arthralgia,arthrocele,erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR),C-reactive protein(CRP).Conclusion Glucocorticoid therapy is very effective to control the activity of disease in patients with systemic JIA.
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Objective To investigate the effects of RNA interference(RNAi)targeting human epithelial growth receptor-2(HER-2)gene on the invasive and chemotactic ability of SKOV3 cells. Methods Glyeeraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase(GAPDH)was used as the positive control. Lipofectamine 2000 mediated transient transfection was conducted to transmit the siRNA into SKOV3 cells. Three pairs of specifically targeted(HER-2 siRNA Ⅰ,HER-2 siRNA Ⅱ,HER-2 siRNA Ⅲ)sequence were selected in the coding region of HER-2 mRNA.Transfection of HER-2 siRNA was conducted with lipofeetamine 2000 in ovarian carcinoma cell line SKOV3.The HER-2 gene expression was assessed by real- time PCR and western blot assays.Changes of invasive and chemotaetie capacity of SKOV3 cells were measured by polycarbonates coated with or without matrigal.Results Western blot results showed that the expression of GAPDH protein was decreased in specifically transfected cells and with the increase of siRNA dose,the expression of GAPDH protein was decreased.GAPDH protein gray value in control group, different doses(0.5,1.0,1.5,2.0 ?g)GAPDH siRNA interference groups were 0.6855?0.0259,0.5698 ?0.0275,0.4542?0.0296,0.3341?0.0178 and 0.1816+0.0180,respectively.There was a significant difference in each group(F=198.126,P