Expert Consensus on Clinical Diseases Responding Specifically to Traditional Chinese Medicine：Fibromyalgia Syndrome / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Fibromyalgia syndrome （FMS） is a refractory， chronic non-articular rheumatic disease characterized by widespread pain throughout the body， for which there are no satisfactory therapeutic drugs or options. There are rich Chinese medical therapies， and some non-drug therapies， such as acupuncture， Tai Chi， and Ba-Duan-Jin， have shown satisfactory efficacy and safety and definite advantages of simultaneously adjusting mind and body. FMS is taken as a disease responding specifically to traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） by the National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine in 2018. In order to clarify the research progress in FMS and the clinical advantages of TCM/integrated Chinese and Western medicine， the China Academy of Chinese Medicine organized a seminar for nearly 20 experts in Chinese and Western medicine， including rheumatology， psychology， acupuncture and moxibustion， and encephalopathy， with the topic of difficulties in clinical diagnosis and treatment of FMS and advantages of TCM and Western medicine. The recommendations were reached on the difficulties in early diagnosis and solutions of FMS， mitigation of common non-specific symptoms， preferential analgesic therapy， TCM pathogenesis and treatment advantages， and direction of treatment with integrated Chinese and Western medicine. FMS is currently facing the triple dilemma of low early correct diagnosis， poor patient participation， and unsatisfactory benefit from pure Western medicine treatment. To solve the above problems， this paper suggests that rheumatologists should serve as the main diagnostic force of this disease， and they should improve patient participation in treatment decision-making， implement exercise therapy， and fully utilize the holistic and multidimensional features of TCM， which is effective in alleviating pain， improving mood， and decreasing adverse events. In addition， it is suggested that FMS treatment should rely on both TCM and Western medicine and adopt multidisciplinary joint treatment， which is expected to improve the standard of diagnosis and treatment of FMS in China.

Finite element analysis of cervical intervertebral discs after removing different ranges of uncinate processes / 解剖学报

Objective To study the stress change characteristics of the cervical disc after removing different ranges of the uncinate process by establishing a three⁃dimensional finite element model of the C

Diagnosis and treatment pathway of neoadjuvant immunotherapy for esophageal cancer in Henan province / 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志

@#Esophageal cancer is a highly prevalent tumor species in Henan province, which brings heavy medical burden to families and society. Surgical treatment plays a dominant role in the treatment of non-advanced esophageal cancer. However, cancer cells in esophageal cancer lesions are highly invasive, postoperative recurrence and metastasis rates are pretty high. More effective systemic and comprehensive treatment is urgently needed to improve the prognosis. We invited 52 doctors in esophageal surgery, oncology, pathology, imaging, and radiation therapy of 32 hospitals at all levels in Henan province, to repeatedly negotiate and fully discuss in combination with evidence and clinical practice experience. Finally, “diagnosis and treatment pathway of neoadjuvant immunotherapy for esophageal cancer in Henan province” was formulated. In this treatment pathway, seven recommendations were proposed from seven perspectives including target population, patient evaluation, protocol selection, surgical timing, postoperative management, organ preservation, and general principles to offer reference for medical personnel related to esophageal cancer surgery.

Ethical Problems and Countermeasures in Rehabilitation Intervention for Patients with lymphedema after Breast Cancer Operation / 中国医学伦理学

In order to explore the medical and social problems related to postoperative lymphedema in breast cancer patients, improve the compliance of rehabilitation treatment and help patients return to society. The self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate 76 patients who met the criteria of lymphedema after breast cancer and refused or failed to adhere to rehabilitation threapy. According to the relevant measurement scale theory and method, the computer-aided software was used to analyze the data to find out the problem and analyze the cause. The prominent problems of poor compliance in patients with breast cancer after operation were successively: subjective factors, objective factors, family social and ethical factors, multidisciplinary factors, hospital management and policy issues. For the above ethical problems, we should adopt positive coping strategies to increase the compliance of patients and improve their quality of life.

Association of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms and bullying behavior in children / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#The association between school bullying and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms among students in primary schools and the moderating role of gender was explored to provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of school bullying.@*Methods@#A total of 4 764 students from 2 primary schools in Wuhan were selected using the convenience sampling method in March 2023. The Olweus Bully/Victim Questionnaire and Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire were used. A Pearson χ 2 test was used to compare differences in school bullying rates among children with and without ADHD symptoms. Pearson correlation analysis and Process 3.3 were used to analyse the association between ADHD symptoms, and school bullying behaviour and the moderating role of gender.@*Results@#The reported rate of bullying victims in primary schools was 24.2% and the rate of bullying perpetration was 3.8%. The rate of ADHD symptom detection among primary school students was 5.9%. ADHD symptoms were positively associated with bullying and bullying victim behaviour ( r =0.16, 0.27, P <0.01). Specifically, the association between ADHD symptoms and bullying behavior tended to be stronger among boys than girls ( β boy =0.17, t =11.13; β girl =0.07, t =4.11, P <0.01).@*Conclusions@#ADHD symptoms are an important factor influencing school bullying behaviors in students, and gender moderates the association. In the process of preventing and controlling school bullying, ADHD symptoms and gender differences should be emphasized and comprehensive interventions should be implemented.

GLUL stabilizes N-Cadherin by antagonizing β-Catenin to inhibit the progresses of gastric cancer

Glutamate-ammonia ligase (GLUL, also known as glutamine synthetase) is a crucial enzyme that catalyzes ammonium and glutamate into glutamine in the ATP-dependent condensation. Although GLUL plays a critical role in multiple cancers, the expression and function of GLUL in gastric cancer remain unclear. In the present study, we have found that the expression level of GLUL was significantly lower in gastric cancer tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues, and correlated with N stage and TNM stage, and low GLUL expression predicted poor survival for gastric cancer patients. Knockdown of GLUL promoted the growth, migration, invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer cells in vitro and in vivo, and vice versa, which was independent of its enzyme activity. Mechanistically, GLUL competed with β-Catenin to bind to N-Cadherin, increased the stability of N-Cadherin and decreased the stability of β-Catenin by alerting their ubiquitination. Furthermore, there were lower N-Cadherin and higher β-Catenin expression levels in gastric cancer tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues. GLUL protein expression was correlated with that of N-Cadherin, and could be the independent prognostic factor in gastric cancer. Our findings reveal that GLUL stabilizes N-Cadherin by antagonizing β-Catenin to inhibit the progress of gastric cancer.

Targeting ferroptosis and ferritinophagy: new targets for cardiovascular diseases / 浙江大学学报（英文版）（B辑：生物医学和生物技术）

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a leading factor driving mortality worldwide. Iron, an essential trace mineral, is important in numerous biological processes, and its role in CVDs has raised broad discussion for decades. Iron-mediated cell death, namely ferroptosis, has attracted much attention due to its critical role in cardiomyocyte damage and CVDs. Furthermore, ferritinophagy is the upstream mechanism that induces ferroptosis, and is closely related to CVDs. This review aims to delineate the processes and mechanisms of ferroptosis and ferritinophagy, and the regulatory pathways and molecular targets involved in ferritinophagy, and to determine their roles in CVDs. Furthermore, we discuss the possibility of targeting ferritinophagy-induced ferroptosis modulators for treating CVDs. Collectively, this review offers some new insights into the pathology of CVDs and identifies possible therapeutic targets.

The regulatory role of the RUS family in plant growth and development / 生物工程学报

The chloroplast genome encodes many key proteins involved in photosynthesis and other metabolic processes, and metabolites synthesized in chloroplasts are essential for normal plant growth and development. Root-UVB (ultraviolet radiation B)-sensitive (RUS) family proteins composed of highly conserved DUF647 domain belong to chloroplast proteins. They play an important role in the regulation of various life activities such as plant morphogenesis, material transport and energy metabolism. This article summarizes the recent advances of the RUS family proteins in the growth and development of plants such as embryonic development, photomorphological construction, VB6 homeostasis, auxin transport and anther development, with the aim to facilitate further study of its molecular regulation mechanism in plant growth and development.

Preparation and in vitro evaluation of polylactic acid nanoparticles containing arginine and glucose oxidase / 药学学报

Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and nitric oxide (NO) has a short half-life, low bioavailability, poor tumor targeting and systemic adverse reactions in the physiological environment. In this study, phacoemulsification and nano-precipitation were used to synthesize didecyl dimethyl ammonium bromide (DDAB)/polylactic acid nanoparticles (PLA), then L-arginine (L-Arg) and glucose oxidase (GOx)-loaded nanoparticles (GADP) were prepared, and the in vitro antitumor activity was investigated．The particle size, potential, embedding rate and the ability to produce H2O2/NO of the nanoparticles were investigated. Meanwhile, in vitro cell cytotoxicity against human hepatoma cells (HepG2) was evaluated．The results showed that the prepared L-Arg-DDAB/PLA (ADP) nanoparticles were spherical particles. And the particle size and zeta potential were (225.7 ± 6.33) nm and (+23.5 ± 0.12) mV, respectively. The adsorption rate of GOx was 87.23% ± 0.02%. The drug loading of L-Arg was 15.6% ± 0.22%. The pH value of glucose solution and the amount of H2O2 showed that GADP had good catalytic activity. In vitro cytotoxicity experiments showed that blank nanoparticles were nontoxic, while the drug-loaded nanoparticles presented enhanced antitumor effect on HepG2 cells. And can inhibit tumor cell migration. The low dose nano-scale NO delivery system GADP can effectively inhibit the migration of tumor cells and kill tumor cells, thus producing therapeutic benefits.

Diagnosis and treatment of the portal vein complications for children undergoing spilt liver transplantation / 器官移植

Objective To investigate the diagnosis and treatment strategy of the portal vein complications in children undergoing split liver transplantation. Methods The clinical data of 88 pediatric recipients who underwent split liver transplantation were retrospectively analyzed. Intraoperative anastomosis at the bifurcating site of the portal vein or donor iliac vein bypass anastomosis was performed depending on the internal diameter and development of the recipient's portal vein. A normalized portal venous blood stream monitoring was performed during the perioperative stage. After operation, heparin sodium was used to bridge warfarin for anticoagulation therapy. After portal vein stenosis or thrombosis was identified with enhanced CT or portography, managements including embolectomy, systemic anticoagulation, interventional thrombus removal, balloon dilatation and/or stenting were performed. Results Among the 88 recipients, a total of 10 children were diagnosed with portal vein complications, of which 4 cases were diagnosed with portal vein stenosis at 1 d, 2 months, 8 months, and 11 months after surgery, and 6 cases were diagnosed with portal vein thrombosis at intraoperative, 2 d, 3 d (n=2), 6 d, and 11 months after surgery, respectively. One patient with portal vein stenosis and one patient with portal vein thrombosis died perioperatively. The fatality related to portal vein complications was 2% (2/88). Of the remaining 8 patients, 1 underwent systemic anticoagulation, 2 underwent portal venous embolectomy, 1 underwent interventional balloon dilatation, and 4 underwent interventional balloon dilatation plus stenting. No portal venous related symptoms were detected during postoperative long term follow up, and the retested portal venous blood stream parameters were normal. Conclusions The normalized intra- and post-operative portal venous blood stream monitoring is a useful tool for the early detection of portal vein complications, the early utilization of useful managements such as intraoperative portal venous embolectomy, interventional balloon dilatation and stenting may effectively treat the portal vein complications, thus minimizing the portal vein complication related graft loss and recipient death.

Cloning the full-length CDNA of actin gene and analysing alliinase gene expression in tillering onion

Tillering onion is a herbaceous plant belonging to the Liliaceae family. We cloned the cDNAs of the actin gene (AcACT, GenBank: MF919598) of tillering onion using rapid amplification of the cDNA ends. The full-length cDNA of AcACT was 1,357 bp long with an open reading frame of 1,131 bp encoding 376 amino acids. The amino acid sequence of AcACT shared > 96% similarity with the amino acid sequences of other ACTs and was found (by means of phylogenetic tree analysis) to be closely related to those of Ananas comosus and Papaver somniferum. AcACT expressions showed no significant differences (p > 0.01) in two cultivars L-SH and L-SY over three growth periods and under suitable conditions, low temperature, and short-day conditions. In addition, AcACT was used as an internal reference gene to analyse the expression of the alliinase gene (AcALL). AcALL expression trends in the roots, stems and leaves were consistent with those of diallyl disulphide and diallyl trisulphide. Thus, AcACT is highly conserved and can be used as a suitable internal reference gene when analysing gene expression in tillering onion.

Effect of functional training on adolescent health / Efeito do treinamento funcional na saúde do adolescente / Efecto del entrenamiento funcional en la salud del adolescente

ABSTRACT Introduction The high rate of obesity caused by the modern sedentary lifestyle associated with bad eating habits and the high intellectual demand at school generates a physical and psychological deficit in contemporary youth. The damage caused in this growth phase is irrecoverable, and the habits acquired during this period are crucial to individual health. The urgency of this problem has generated research on methods to reverse this situation, among them functional training. Objective To study the effect of functional training on adolescent health. Methods 30 boys and 30 girls were recruited as study subjects. The experiment lasted one semester, including two weekly physical education classes focused on functional training. Data on body indexes, fitness, and physical test results were collected before and after the intervention. The results of the experiment were integrated and compared. Results The selection of functional training can optimize adolescents' biochemical indexes, making adolescents' orthostatic posture more balanced, and significantly improve muscle strength, body flexibility, explosive strength of upper and lower extremities, motor coordination, body flexibility, muscular endurance, cardiopulmonary function, etc. Conclusion Functional training can effectively improve the physical health of adolescents. Participants have increased their interest in sports, and this intervention can potentially promote the development of adolescents' physical and mental health if replicated nationwide. Studies are needed to popularize functional training in adolescents. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.

RESUMO Introdução O elevado índice de obesidade ocasionada pelo sedentarismo moderno associado a maus hábitos alimentares e a alta demanda intelectual escolar geram um déficit físico e psicológico na juventude contemporânea. Os danos ocasionados nessa fase de crescimento são irrecuperáveis e os hábitos adquiridos nesse período são determinantes para a saúde individual. A urgência desse problema tem gerado pesquisas sobre métodos para reverter essa situação, dentre eles desponta o treinamento funcional. Objetivo Estudar o efeito do treinamento funcional na saúde do adolescente. Métodos 30 meninos e 30 meninas foram recrutados como sujeitos de estudo. O experimento durou um semestre, incluindo duas aulas semanais de educação física, com foco no treinamento funcional. Os dados dos índices corporais, aptidão física e resultados dos testes físicos foram coletados antes e depois da intervenção. Os resultados do experimento foram integrados e comparados. Resultados A seleção do treinamento funcional pode otimizar os índices bioquímicos dos adolescentes, tornar a postura ortostática dos adolescentes mais equilibrada, melhorar significativamente a força muscular, a flexibilidade corporal, a força explosiva das extremidades superior e inferior coordenação motora, flexibilidade corporal, resistência muscular, função cardiopulmonar, etc. Conclusão O treinamento funcional pode melhorar efetivamente a saúde física dos adolescentes. Os participantes aumentaram seu interesse pelo esporte e essa intervenção tem o potencial de promover o desenvolvimento da saúde física e mental dos adolescentes caso replicada a nível nacional. Estudos são necessários para a popularização do treinamento funcional em adolescentes. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação dos desfechos do tratamento.

RESUMEN Introducción La alta tasa de obesidad causada por el sedentarismo moderno asociado a malos hábitos alimenticios y la alta exigencia intelectual escolar generan un déficit físico y psicológico en la juventud contemporánea. Los daños causados en esta fase de crecimiento son irrecuperables y los hábitos adquiridos durante este periodo son cruciales para la salud del individuo. La urgencia de este problema ha generado la investigación de métodos para revertir esta situación, entre ellos surge el entrenamiento funcional. Objetivo Estudiar el efecto del entrenamiento funcional en la salud de los adolescentes. Métodos Se reclutaron 30 chicos y 30 chicas como sujetos de estudio. El experimento duró un semestre, incluyendo dos clases semanales de educación física, centradas en el entrenamiento funcional. Se recogieron datos sobre los índices corporales, la forma física y los resultados de las pruebas físicas antes y después de la intervención. Los resultados del experimento se integraron y compararon. Resultados La selección del entrenamiento funcional puede optimizar los índices bioquímicos de los adolescentes, hacer que la postura ortostática de los adolescentes sea más equilibrada, mejorar significativamente la fuerza muscular, la flexibilidad corporal, la fuerza explosiva de las extremidades superiores e inferiores la coordinación motora, la flexibilidad corporal, la resistencia muscular, la función cardiopulmonar, etc. Conclusión El entrenamiento funcional puede mejorar eficazmente la salud física de los adolescentes. Los participantes han aumentado su interés por el deporte y esta intervención tiene el potencial de promover el desarrollo de la salud física y mental de los adolescentes si se reproduce a nivel nacional. Se necesitan estudios para la popularización del entrenamiento funcional en adolescentes. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapêuticos - investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.

Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell-conditioned medium ameliorates diabetic foot ulcers in rats

Abstract Objectives: This study aimed to explore the effects of bone marrow-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Conditioned Medium (MSC-CM) treating diabetic foot ulcers in rats. Methods: Models of T2DM rats were induced by a high-fat diet and intraperitoneal injection of STZ in SD rats. Models of Diabetic Foot Ulcers (DFUs) were made by operation on hind limbs in diabetic rats. Rats were divided into four groups (n = 6 for each group), i.e., Normal Control group (NC), Diabetes Control group (DM-C), MSC-CM group and Mesenchymal Stem Cells group (MSCs). MSC-CM group was treated with an injection of conditioned medium derived from preconditioned rats' bone marrow MSCs around ulcers. MSCs group were treated with an injection of rats' bone marrow MSCs. The other two groups were treated with an injection of PBS. After the treatment, wound closure, re-epithelialization (thickness of the stratum granulosums of the skin, by H&E staining), cell proliferation (Ki67, by IHC), angiogenesis (CD31, by IFC), autophagy (LC3B, by IFC and WB; autoly-sosome, by EM) and pyroptosis (IL-1β, NLRP3, Caspase-1, GSDMD and GSDMD-N, by WB) in ulcers were evaluated. Results: After the treatment wound area rate, IL-1β by ELISA, and IL-1β, Caspase-1, GSDMD and GSDMD-N by WB of MSC-CM group were less than those of DM group. The thickness of the stratum granulosums of the skin, proliferation index of Ki67, mean optic density of CD31 and LC3B by IFC, and LC3B by WB of MSC-CM group were more than those of DM group. The present analysis demonstrated that the injection of MSC-CM into rats with DFUs enhanced the wound-healing process by accelerating wound closure, promoting cell proliferation and angiogenesis, enhancing cell autophagy, and reducing cell pyroptosis in ulcers. Conclusions: Studies conducted indicate that MSC-CM administration could be a novel cell-free therapeutic approach to treat DFUs accelerating the wound healing process and avoiding the risk of living cells therapy.

Simulated weightlessness led to the transformation of glycolipid metabolism in the livers of mice / La antigravedad simulada provocó la transformación del metabolismo de los glicolípidos en el hígado de ratones / Antigravidade simulada levou à transformação do metabolismo de glicolipídios no fígado de camundongos

ABSTRACT Objectives: The effects of weightlessness on the liver were studied using a tail suspension (TS) male mouse model. Methods: The effects of 0-, 2- and 4-week TS (CON, TS2 and TS4 groups) on glycogen and lipid content, as well as on the molecular processes of the synthesis and degradation pathways, were examined. Results: (1) The number of glycogenosomes under ultrastructure and the glycogen content were considerably larger in the TS4 group than in the other two groups. (2) In the TS4 group, glycogen synthase activity remained constant while glycogen phosphorylase activity dropped, indicating that glycogen breakdown was reduced. (3) The livers of the TS2 group had the highest lipid and triglyceride content, indicating lipid buildup in the liver at this time. (4) In the TS2 group, the activities of the fatty acid synthesis-related factors acetyl-CoA carboxylase and fatty acid synthase increased, while hepatic lipase decreased, indicating that lipid synthesis increased, while decomposition decreased. (5) In the TS2 group, the protein expression of glucose transporters 1 and 2 increased. Conclusions: From TS2 weeks to TS4 weeks, the main energy consumption mode in the livers of mice transitioned from glucose metabolism to lipid metabolism as glucose use decreased. Level of evidence II; Comparative prospective study.

RESUMEN Objetivos: Se estudiaron los efectos de la antigravedad en el hígado utilizando un modelo de ratón macho en prueba de suspensión de la cola (TS, tail suspension). Métodos: Se examinaron los efectos de la TS a las 0, 2 y 4 semanas (grupos CON, TS2 y TS4) sobre el contenido de glucógeno y lípidos, así como sobre los procesos moleculares de las vías de síntesis y degradación. Resultados: (1) El número de glucogenosomas ultraestructurales y el contenido de glucógeno fueron expresivamente más altos en el grupo TS4 que en los otros dos grupos. (2) En el grupo TS4, la actividad de la glucógeno sintasa se mantuvo constante, mientras que la actividad de la glucógeno fosforilasa disminuyó, lo que indica que la degradación del glucógeno se redujo. (3) Los hígados del grupo TS2 presentaron el mayor contenido de lípidos y triglicéridos, lo que indica la acumulación de lípidos en el hígado en ese momento. (4) En el grupo TS2, la actividad de los factores relacionados con la síntesis de ácidos grasos acetil-CoA carboxilasa y ácido graso sintasa aumentó, mientras que la lipasa hepática disminuyó, indicando que la síntesis de lípidos aumentó mientras que la descomposición disminuyó. (5) En el grupo TS2, la expresión proteica de los transportadores de glucosa 1 y 2 aumentó. Conclusiones: Desde la semana TS2 hasta la semana TS4, el principal modo de consumo de energía en el hígado de los ratones pasó del metabolismo de la glucosa al metabolismo de los lípidos a medida que disminuía el uso de la glucosa. Nivel de Evidencia II, Estudio retrospectivo comparativo.

RESUMO Objetivos: Os efeitos da antigravidade no fígado foram estudados usando um modelo de camundongo macho com a suspensão pela cauda (TS, tail suspension). Métodos: Foram examinados os efeitos da TS em 0, 2 e 4 semanas (grupos CON, TS2 e TS4) sobre o conteúdo de glicogênio e lipídios, bem como nos processos moleculares das vias de síntese e degradação. Resultados: (1) O número de glicogenossomos ultraestruturais e o teor de glicogênio foram expressivamente maiores no grupo TS4 do que nos outros dois grupos. (2) No grupo TS4, a atividade de glicogênio sintase permaneceu constante, enquanto a atividade de glicogênio fosforilase caiu, indicando que a degradação do glicogênio foi reduzida. (3) Os fígados do grupo TS2 tiveram o maior teor lipídico e de triglicérides, indicando acúmulo de lipídios no fígado no momento. (4) No grupo TS2, a atividade dos fatores relacionados com a síntese de ácidos graxos acetil-CoA carboxilase e ácido graxo sintase aumentaram, enquanto a lipase hepática diminuiu, indicando que a síntese de lipídios aumentou, enquanto a decomposição diminuiu. (5) No grupo TS2, a expressão proteica dos transportadores de glicose 1 e 2 aumentou. Conclusões: De TS2 semanas para TS4 semanas, o principal modo de consumo de energia no fígado de camundongos passou do metabolismo da glicose para o metabolismo lipídico, à medida que o uso de glicose diminuiu. Nível de evidência II, Estudo retrospectivo comparativo.

Regulatory Mechanism of Berberine in Inhibiting Apoptosis and Autophagy in Ovarian Granulosa Cells Based on SIRT1/FoxO1 Pathway / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo investigate the protective effect and regulatory mechanism of berberine （BBR） against the senescence of ovarian granulosa cells. MethodA cell senescence model in the human ovarian granulosa-like tumor （KGN） cell line was induced by H2O2. A control group， a model group， and high-dose （1 μmol·L-1） and low-dose （0.5 μmol·L-1） BBR groups were set up. The cells in the model group and the BBR groups were incubated with 10 μmol·L-1 H2O2 for 40 min. The effect of BBR on KGN cell proliferation was detected by cell counting kit-8 （CCK-8） assay. The effect of BBR on the senescence of KGN cells was detected by β-galactosidase staining. The effects of BBR on the apoptosis and ROS content of KGN cells were detected by flow cytometry. The effects of BBR on the mRNA expression of B-cell lymphoma-2 （Bcl-2）/Bcl-2-associated X protein （Bax）， cysteinyl aspartate-specific protease-3 （Caspase-3）， forkhead transcription factor O1 （FoxO1）， and catalase （CAT） was detected by Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR）. Western blot was used to detect the effects of BBR on protein expression of silent information regulator1 （SIRT1）， superoxide dismutase 2 （SOD2）， c-Jun N-terminal kinase （JNK）， FoxO1， autophagy-associated protein microtubule-associated protein light chain 3Ⅱ （LC3BⅡ）， mammalian ortholog of yeast Atg6 （Beclin-1）， and ubiquitin-binding protein p62. ResultAfter H2O2 induction for 40 min， the cell proliferation rate of the model group decreased compared with that of the control group （P<0.01）， and the cell proliferation rates of the BBR groups increased compared with that of the model group （P<0.05）. The results of β-galactosidase staining showed that the cells of the model group showed significant senescence compared with those of the control group （P<0.01）， and the cellular senescence in the BBR groups was reduced compared with that of the model group （P<0.01）. As revealed by flow cytometry， compared with the control group， the model group showed increased apoptosis rate （P<0.01）， and compared with the model group， BBR groups showed decreased apoptosis rates （P<0.05）. Meanwhile， the ROS content in the model group increased compared with that in the control group （P<0.01）， and compared with the model group， the BBR groups showed reduced cellular ROS content （P<0.01）. The Real-time PCR results showed that compared with the control group， the model group showed decreased mRNA expression of CAT and Bcl-2/Bax in KGN cells and increased mRNA expression of Caspase-3 and FoxO1 （P<0.05）， and compared with the model group， the BBR groups showed increased mRNA expression of CAT and Bcl-2/Bax （P<0.05） and reduced mRNA expression of Caspase-3 and FoxO1 in KGN cells （P<0.05）. As revealed by Western blot results， SIRT1， SOD2， and p62 protein levels decreased in the model group compared with those in the control group （P<0.01）， and JNK FoxO1， LC3BⅡ， and Beclin-1 protein levels increased （P<0.05）. After BBR intervention， SIRT1， SOD2， and p62 protein levels increased （P<0.01）， and JNK， FoxO1， LC3BⅡ， and Beclin-1 protein levels decreased compared with those in the model group （P<0.05）. ConclusionBBR has an inhibitory effect on ovarian granulosa cell senescence， and the mechanism is related to the inhibition of apoptosis and autophagy mediated by the SIRT1/FoxO1 pathway.

MLL4 Regulates the Progression of Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer by Regulating the PI3K/AKT/SOX2 Axis / Journal of the Korean Cancer Association, 대한암학회지

Purpose@#Mixed-lineage leukemia protein 4 (MLL4/KMT2D) is a histone methyltransferase, and its mutation has been reported to be associated with a poor prognosis in many cancers, including lung cancer. We investigated the function of MLL4 in lung carcinogenesis. @*Materials and Methods@#RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) in A549 cells transfected with control siRNA or MLL4 siRNA was performed. Also, we used EdU incorporation assay, colony formation assays, growth curve analysis, transwell invasion assays, immunohistochemical staining, and in vivo bioluminescence assay to investigate the function of MLL4 in lung carcinogenesis. @*Results@#We found that MLL4 expression was downregulated in non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tissues compared to adjacent normal tissues and tended to decrease with disease stage progression. We analyzed the transcriptomes in control and MLL4- deficient cells using high-throughput RNA deep sequencing (RNA-seq) and identified a cohort of target genes, such as SOX2, ATF1, FOXP4, PIK3IP1, SIRT4, TENT5B, and LFNG, some of which are related to proliferation and metastasis. Our results showed that low expression of MLL4 promotes NSCLC cell proliferation and metastasis and is required for the maintenance of NSCLC stem cell properties. @*Conclusion@#Our findings identify an important role of MLL4 in lung carcinogenesis through transcriptional regulation of PIK3IP1, affecting the PI3K/AKT/SOX2 axis, and suggest that MLL4 could be a potential prognostic indicator and target for NSCLC therapy.

Analysis of Related Factors Affecting the Risk Assessment of Death during Hospitalization of Extremely Low Birth Weight Infants / 中山大学学报(医学科学版)

ObjectiveTo explore the influencing factors of different scores on predicting death risk of extremely low birth weight infants （ELBWI）. MethodsA total of 186 cases of ELBWI admitted by the Children's Hospital affiliated to Nanjing Medical University and the Lishui Branch of the Affiliated Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University were admitted from January 1， 2019 to January 1， 2021， and 125 ELBWIs were finally included after screening by inclusion and exclusion criteria. There were 47 cases in the death group and 78 cases in the survival group. General data and the items of score for neonatal acute physiology version Ⅱ （SNAP-Ⅱ）， simplified version of the score for neonatal acute physiology perinatal extension （SNAPPE-Ⅱ）， clinical risk index for babies （CRIB）， clinical risk index for babies Ⅱ （CRIB-Ⅱ） and the national critical illness score （NCIS） were collected. Univariate and multivariate analysis was performed and nomogram was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic curve （ROC）. ResultsIt was found that systolic blood pressure， maximum inhaled oxygen concentration， BE value and birth weight were important factors in ELBWI mortality risk assessment ［systolic blood pressure OR： 0.968， 95%CI： 0.938-0.999， P=0.043； maximum inhaled oxygen concentration OR： 1.020， 95%CI： 1.006-1.034， P=0.006； BE OR： 0.868， 95%CI： 0.786-0.959， P=0.005； birth weight OR： 0.994， 95%CI： 0.991-0.997， P=0.000］. ROC showed that the area under the curve of the above four variables is 0.71， and the 95% confidence interval is 0.610-0.799， which is better than CRIB score. ConclusionLower systolic blood pressure， higher inhaled oxygen concentration， higher BE and lower birthweight are important influencing factors to predict the death risk of ELBWI. The above four items should be included in the newly developed score assessment to obtain a more effective ELBWI prediction system.

Prevalence and influencing factors of elevated blood pressure among primary and middle school students in Anhui Province / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To analyze the prevalence of elevated blood pressure among primary and middle school students in Anhui Province in 2022, as well as its influencing factors, so as to provide scientific evidence for the development of effective measures to prevent and control elevated blood pressure among children and adolescents.@*Methods@#Using data from the 2022 "Monitoring of Common Diseases and health Influencing Factors of Students" in Anhui Province, a total of 210 360 primary and middle school students aged 7 to 17 with complete information. Statistical analysis, including independent sample t tests, analysis of variance, and Chi square tests, were conducted to compare blood pressure differences and prevalence rates among students with different characteristics. Generalized linear mixed models were established to analyze the influencing factors of elevated blood pressure in children and adolescents.@*Results@#The overall prevalence of elevated blood pressure among primary and middle school students in Anhui Province was 22.3%, higher among high school students (25.6%) and junior high school students ( 23.7%) than elementary school students (20.4%) ( χ 2=528.49, P < 0.01 ); higher among obese(33.3%) and overweight students (24.9%) than that of normal students (18.6%) ( χ 2=3 704.52, P <0.01), higher among rural students (23.1%) than urban students (21.4%) ( χ 2=83.39, P <0.01), and higher in the northern part of Anhui Province (26.9%) than in the central part (21.9%) and southern part (17.6%) ( χ 2=1 777.51, P <0.01). The generalized linear mixed models revealed that girls, high school stage, overweight, obese, living in the northern part of Anhui Province, and living in rural were all positively correlated with elevated blood pressure( OR =1.11，1.25，1.47，1.45，2.24，1.21，1.67， P <0.01).@*Conclusions@#The prevalence of elevated blood pressure among children and adolescents in Anhui Province is the highest in the country. It is recommended that relevant departments promptly formulate corresponding measures to curb the increasing trend of elevated blood pressure and protect the physical and mental health of children and adolescents.

Effect of anterior capsule polishing on the visual quality after cataract surgery / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To evaluate the effect of anterior capsule polishing on visual quality after phacoemulsification.METHODS: Prospective randomized control study. A total of 65 patients(73 eyes)with age-related cataract who underwent phacoemulsification combined with intraocular lens(IOL)implantation in the Emergency General Hospital between November 2021 and June 2022 were included. These patients were randomly assigned to two groups, with one group(anterior polishing group)underwent anterior and posterior capsule polishing(30 cases, 35 eyes), while the other(control group)receive routine posterior capsule polishing(35 cases, 38 eyes). Best corrected visual acuity was observed at 1wk, 1, 3 and 6mo after operation. Area of anterior capsule orifice was measured at 3 and 6mo after operation. Meanwhile, posterior capsular opacification(P score), IOL tilt and decentration were recorded by Pentacam Scheimpflug system. In addition, wavefront aberration, Strehl ratio(SR)of point spread function(PSF)and modulation transfer function(MTF)were evaluated by OPD-Scan Ⅲ.RESULTS: At 1wk, 1, 3 and 6mo after operation, best corrected visual acuity in anterior polishing group is significantly better than that of control group(P&#x003C;0.05). There were no significant differences in area of anterior capsule opening, P score, IOL decentration, SR of PSF and MTF between two groups at 3 and 6mo after operation(P&#x003E;0.05). At 3mo follow-up, no significant differences in IOL tilt and wavefront aberration were measured between two groups either(P&#x003E;0.05). However, IOL tilt [(1.65±0.60)° vs.(2.34±0.43)°, P&#x003C;0.001] and wavefront aberration(0.03±0.01μm vs. 0.06±0.03μm, P&#x003C;0.001)in anterior polishing group were significant lower compared to control group at 6mo after operation.CONCLUSION: 360° polishing of anterior and posterior capsule during phacoemulsification can improve best corrected visual quality, with reduced IOL tilt, lower wavefront aberration and better visual quality.

Imaging evaluation of cerebrospinal fluid otorrhea associated with inner ear malformation in children / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Objective: To explore the imaging evaluation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) otorrhea associated with inner ear malformation (IEM) in children. Methods: The clinical data of 28 children with CSF otorrhea associated with IEM confirmed by surgical exploration in Beijing Children's Hospital, from Nov, 2016 to Jan, 2021, were analyzed retrospectively,including 16 boys and 12 girls, aged from 8-month to 15-year and 8-month old, with a median age of 4-year old. The shapes of stapes were observed during the exploration surgery, and the imaging features of temporal bone high resolution CT(HRCT) and inner ear MRI pre- and post-operation were analyzed. Results: In 28 children with CSF otorrhea, 89.3%(25/28) had stapes footplates defect during exploration. Preoperative CT showed indirect signs such as IEM, tympanic membrane bulging, soft tissue in the tympanum and mastoid cavity. IEM included four kinds: incomplete partition type I (IP-Ⅰ), common cavity (CC), incomplete partition type Ⅱ (IP-Ⅱ), and cochlear aplasia (CA); 100%(28/28) presented with vestibule dilation; 85.7%(24/28) with a defect in the lamina cribrosa of the internal auditory canal. The direct diagnostic sign of CSF otorrrhea could be seen in 73.9%(17/23) pre-operative MRI: two T2-weighted hyperintense signals between vestibule and middle ear cavity were connected by slightly lower or mixed intense T2-weighted signals, and obvious in the coronal-plane; 100%(23/23) hyperintense T2-weighted signals in the tympanum connected with those in the Eustachian tube.In post-operative CT, the soft tissues in the tympanum and mastoid cavity decreased or disappeared as early as one week. In post-operative MRI, the hyperintense T2-weighted signals of tympanum and mastoid decreased or disappeared in 3 days to 1 month,soft tissues tamponade with moderate intense T2-weighted signal were seen in the vestibule in 1-4 months. Conclusions: IP-Ⅰ, CC, IP-Ⅱ and CA with dilated vestibule can lead to CSF otorrhea. Combined with special medical history, T2-weighted signal of inner ear MRI can provide diagnostic basie for most children with IEM and CSF otorrhea.HRCT and MRI of inner ear can also be used to evaluate the effect of surgery.