Analysis of CSF3R Gene Mutations and Clinical Characteristics in Patients with t(8;21) Acute Myeloid Leukemia / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the occurrence of CSF3R mutation in patients with t(8;21) acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and its correlation with some clinical parameters.@*METHODS@#The clinical and laboratory data of 167 newly diagnosed AML patients with t(8;21) translocation were analyzed retrospectively. High-throughput DNA sequencing technology combined with Sanger sequencing method was used to detect 112 gene mutations. The occurrence of CSF3R gene mutation and its influence on the remission rate after chemotherapy were analyzed.@*RESULTS@#Among 167 patients with t(8;21) AML, 15 patients (9.0%) carried CSF3R mutations, including 6 cases of membrane proximal region mutations and 9 cases of truncation mutations in the cytoplasmic tail. The most common coexisting mutations of CSF3R were KIT (40.0%), TET2 (33.3%), DNMT3A (26.7%), FLT3 (20.0%), CBL (20.0%), IDH1 (13.3%), etc. Compared with the wild type, the CSF3R mutant group had a higher mutation rate of DNA methylation-related genes（P <0.001）. The median peripheral white blood cell (WBC) count of patients with CSF3R gene mutation was 5.80 (3.20-8.56)×109/L at initial diagnosis, which was significantly lower than 8.80 (5.26-19.92)×109/L of the CSF3R wild-type patients (P =0.017). There was no significant difference between the two groups in sex, median age, FAB classification, hemoglobin level, platelet count, etc. (P >0.05). The CR rate of the CSF3R gene mutation group (100%) was significantly higher than that of the wild-type group (86.8%), but the difference was not statistically significant (P >0.05). The CSF3R gene mutation group had a significantly higher CD19 positive rate and a higher -X rate than the wild group (86.7% vs 47.4%, P =0.004; 33.3% vs 13.2%, P =0.037).@*CONCLUSION@#There is a high incidence of CSF3R mutation in t (8;21) AML patients. The clinical characteristics and coexisting mutation genes of CSF3R mutation-positive patients are different from those of wild-type patients.

Genetic analysis and prenatal diagnosis of a child with Multiple congenital malformations-hypotonia-epilepsy syndrome type 3 due to variants of PIGT gene / 中华医学遗传学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the clinical features and genetic etiology of a child with Multiple congenital malformations-hypotonia-epilepsy syndrome type 3 (MCAHS3) and provide prenatal diagnosis for her parents.@*METHODS@#A female child who had presented at Linyi People's Hospital on 27 July 2022 for recurrent convulsions for over 4 years was selected as the study subject. Clinical data of the child were collected. Peripheral blood samples were taken from the child and her parents and subjected for whole exome sequencing (WES). Candidate variants were verified by Sanger sequencing. Prenatal diagnosis was carried out on amniotic fluid sample at 18 weeks' gestation. Bioinformatic software was used to analyze the pathogenicity of the protein model for the variant loci.@*RESULTS@#The child was a 4-year-old female with frequent seizures, peculiar facial appearance, hypotonia and severe developmental delay. Genetic analysis revealed that she has harbored compound heterozygous variants of the PIGT gene, namely c.1126del (p.H376Tfs*56) and c.1285G>C (p.E429Q), which were respectively inherited from her mother and father. Based on the guidelines from the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics, the c.1126del (p.H376Tfs*56) variant was predicted to be pathogenic (PVS1+PM2_Supporting+PM4), and c.1285G>C (p.E429Q) variant was predicted to be likely pathogenic (PM2_Supporting+PM3+PM4). Prenatal diagnosis suggested that the fetus also harbored the same compound heterozygous variants, and the pregnancy was terminated with induced labor.@*CONCLUSION@#The c.1126del (p.H376Tfs*56) and c.1285G>C (p.E429Q) compound heterozygous variants of the PIGT gene probably underlay the MCAHS3 in this patient, and prenatal diagnosis has prevented birth of further affected child in this family.

Research Progress on the Role of Tumor-Associated Macrophages in Multiple Myeloma --Review / 中国实验血液学杂志

Bone marrow microenvironment is a highly complex environment surrounding tumor, which plays an important role in the survival, proliferation, drug resistance and migration of multiple myeloma (MM) cells. As an important cellular component in tumor microenvironment, tumor-associated macrophages(TAM) has attracted attention due to its key role in tumor progression and drug resistance. Targeting TAM has shown potential therapeutic value in cancer treatment. In order to clarify the role of macrophages in MM progression, it is necessary to understand the differentiation of TAM and its characteristics of promoting MM. This paper reviews the research progress on how TAM is programmed in MM and the mechanism of TAM promoting tumor development and drug resistance.

Helicobacter pylori promotes gastric cancer metastasis via up-regulating the expression of Bmi-1 / 细胞与分子免疫学杂志

Objective To clarify whether Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) can promote metastasis of gastric cancer cells via the high-expression of induced B cell specific Moloney murine leukemia virus integration site 1 (Bmi-1). Methods The gastric cancer tissue specimens from 82 patients were collected for this study. The protein and gene expression level of Bmi-1 in gastric adenocarcinoma tissue were detected by immunohistochemistry and real time quantitative PCR, respectively. And meanwhile the correlation between Bmi-1 levels and pathological features, and prognosis of gastric cancer were analyzed retrospectively. Then, the GES-1 cells were transfected with pLPCX-Bmi-1 plasmid and infected with H. pylori respectively. After the Bmi-1 overexpression in GES-1 cells, the invasion ability of the GES-1 cells was detected by Transwell assay, and the cell cycle and apoptosis were detected by flow cytometry. Results The mRNA and protein of Bmi-1 expression in gastric cancer tissues were higher than tumor-adjacent tissue, and the high expression of Bmi-1 was positively correlated with tumor invasion, TNM stage, tumor differentiation, lymph node metastasis and H. pylori infection. When expression of Bmi-1 was up-regulated as a result of H.pylori infection or pLPCX-Bmi-1 transfection, the GES-1 cells had higher invasiveness and lower apoptosis rate with the above treatment respectively. Conclusion H. pylori infection can inhibit the apoptosis of gastric cancer cells and promote their invasion via up-regulating expression of Bmi-1.

Risk factors of elbow stiffness after open reduction and internal fixation of intercondylar fracture of humerus / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the risk factors of elbow stiffness after open reduction and internal fixation of intercondylar fracture of humerus.@*METHODS@#From March 2015 to February 2019, 120 patients with humeral intercondylar fractures were treated with open fixation including 59 males and 61 females, aged from 25 to 77 years with an average of(53.5±3.2) years. According to the occurrence of elbow stiffness after operation, 120 patients were divided into stiffness group(37 cases) and control group(83 cases). The related factors of elbow stiffness were analyzed by single factor analysis, and the risk of elbow stiffness after internal fixation of humeral intercondylar fracture was analyzed by logistic regression factor.@*RESULTS@#There were 37 cases of elbow stiffness(stiff group), and 83 cases had no elbow stiffness(control group). The incidence of joint stiffness was 30.83%. There were significant differences between the stiffness group and the control group in age, injury energy, fracture to operation time, AO classification of fracture, open injury and postoperative premature or hyperactivity. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age>50 years old, high energy injury, AO classification of fracture, open fracture and postoperative premature or hyperactivity were risk factors for elbow stiffness after internal fixation of humeral intercondylar fracture. The postoperative mobility and Mayo elbow performance score(MEPS) scores of the postoperative stiffness group were lower than those of the non-stiffness group with statistical significance(P<0.05). There were no significant differences in postoperative mobility and MEPS scores between flexion stiffness and rotation stiffness after humeral intercondylar fracture(P>0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#In view of the risk factors of elbow stiffness after internal fixation of humeral intercondylar fracture, reasonable operation plan and rehabilitation strategy should be formulated before operation to minimize the incidence of elbow stiffness.

CiteSpace knowledge map of research hotspots and frontiers of traditional Chinese medicine intervention in psoriasis in recent ten years / 中国中药杂志

This study aimed to investigate the development status of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) intervention in psoriasis in recent ten years, analyze the research hotspots, and summarize the development trends to provide reference materials for scholars in this field. Taking the available literature related to the field of TCM intervention in psoriasis as the research object, the trends, contents, and source publications were statistically analyzed based on bibliometrics. The research cooperation and co-occurrence of keywords in this field were studied by the knowledge map analysis method based on CiteSpace. The total number of Chinese papers was 2 993 and English papers 285. In terms of publication trend, the annual publication of English papers was low but showed an obvious upward trend, while the increase in Chinese papers fluctuated and tended to be flat. In terms of the content of Chinese papers published, TCM ranked first according to the discipline(2 415). In English papers, the number of publications in pharmacology and pharmaceutical science was the highest(87). Literature source analysis showed that the Chinese and English journals with the most publications were China Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy and Evidence Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, respectively. Beijing University of Chinese Medicine published the most dissertations in China(99). The authors with the most publications in Chinese and English were LI Bin(Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine) and LU Chuan-jian(Guangdong Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine). As revealed by the CiteSpace analysis of the research cooperation network, there were four mature and stable core teams in this field, but the cooperation intensity between different teams was weak. According to the keywords co-occurrence knowledge graph constructed by CiteSpace, the current hot keywords in this field are as follows: psoriasis, blood-heat syndrome, blood-stasis syndrome, fire needle, blood-dryness type, imiquimod, TCM bath, etiology and pathogenesis, cytokines, cupping therapy, etc. In summary, Chinese scholars have conducted active exploration and research in the field of TCM intervention in psoriasis in recent ten years. The overall development trend is good, and the breadth and depth of the research are constantly extending. It is suggested that relevant research should be free from discipline restrictions and strive for interdisciplinary integration.

Deepening the Action on Salt Reduction in China-suggestions on strategy and implementation plan / 中华预防医学杂志

Excessive sodium/salt intake is the leading dietary risk factor for the loss of healthy life in the Chinese population. The "Healthy China 2030" Action Plan set the goal of reducing salt intake by 20% by 2030. However, salt intake in China is still at a very high level in the world, with adults reaching 11 g/d, more than twice the recommended limit of 5 g/d. The current policies and action plans of China have targeted catering workers, children, adolescents, and home chefs in salt, oil, and sugar reduction actions. However, there are still obvious deficiencies in the coordinated promotion and implementation. This study, therefore, proposed a set of comprehensive strategies (named CHRPS that is composed of communication and education, salt reduction in home cooking, salt reduction in restaurants, reducing salt content in pre-packaged food, and surveillance and evaluation) and key implementation points for further deepening the salt reduction action in China. These strategies were developed based on the main sources of dietary sodium for Chinese residents, the status of "knowledge, attitude and practice" in salt reduction, evidence of effective intervention measures, existing policies and requirements, and the salt reduction strategies of the World Health Organization and experience from some other countries. As a scientific reference, the CHRPS strategies will help the government and relevant organizations quickly implement salt reduction work and facilitate the earlier realization of China's salt reduction goal.

One case of developmental epileptic encephalopathy caused by NR4A2 gene variation and literature review / 中华神经科杂志

Objective:To analyze the clinical characteristics of a child with developmental epileptic encephalopathy caused by NR4A2 gene mutation, and to summarize the clinical phenotypes and genotypes to improve the clinician′s understanding of this disease. Methods:The clinical data of a child with developmental epileptic encephalopathy admitted to Linyi People′s Hospital in August 2022 were collected, video electroencephalogram, craniocerebral magnetic resonance imaging and family whole exon sequencing were improved, and the suspected mutation sites were verified by Sanger sequencing. Relevant literature was consulted to summarize the clinical phenotypes and genetic characteristics of nervous system diseases caused by NR4A2 gene. Results:It was found that there was a heterozygous missense mutation at the locus c.866G>A (p.A289H) of NR4A2 gene in the child, which was a de novo mutation, and both parents were wild type. According to the American Society of Medical Genetics and Genomics variation classification, it was assessed as a suspected pathogenic variation. Through literature review, there were 16 related cases reported internationally, with clinical phenotypes including mental retardation/mental retardation, language disorders, seizures, muscle tone changes and different psychological and behavioral problems. Conclusions:The NR4A2 gene is not only associated with dopa responsive disorders, but also with neurological development, intellectual impairment, language development delay, and epilepsy. The mutation of NR42A gene c.866G>A (p.A289H) is the genetic cause of the patient, and the detection of this locus expands the NR4A2 gene spectrum. NR4A2 gene is one of the pathogenic genes of developmental epileptic encephalopathy.

Clinical analysis of a family with autosomal recessive spastic paraplegia caused by IBA57 gene mutations / 中华神经科杂志

Objective:To investigate the clinical, imaging and gene variation characteristics of hereditary spastic paraplegia type 74 caused by mutations in IBA57 gene. Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed on 2 cases of autosomal recessive spastic paraplegia caused by mutations in IBA57 gene who visited the Department of Neurology, the Affiliated Wuxi Children′s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University in 2010 and 2021, and the patients′ clinical data were collected. Results:The 2 patients were siblings with onset age of 4 years and 7 months, 1 year and 3 months, respectively. The same compound heterozygous mutations in IBA57 gene were found in the sibling patients [c.473G>C (p.R158P) and c.697C>T (p.R233X)]. Both patients were diagnosed as spastic paraplegia type 74. They had mild to moderate gait abnormalities, optic atrophy, decreased vision, and leukodystrophy with periventricular white matter abnormality, but no obvious growth and mental retardation in developmental assessment. Conclusions:Cases of spastic paraplegia type 74 caused by compound heterozygous mutations in IBA57 gene mainly manifested as childhood onset and slowly progressive inferior spasmodic weakness. The patients did not display significant cognitive impairment, and imaging examinations showed obvious leukodystrophy.

Caprylic Acid Improves Lipid Metabolism, Suppresses the Inflammatory Response and Activates the ABCA1/p-JAK2/p-STAT3 Signaling Pathway in C57BL/6J Mice and RAW264.7 Cells / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

OBJECTIVE@#This study aimed to investigate the effects of caprylic acid (C8:0) on lipid metabolism and inflammation, and examine the mechanisms underlying these effects in mice and cells.@*METHODS@#Fifty-six 6-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were randomly allocated to four groups fed a high-fat diet (HFD) without or with 2% C8:0, palmitic acid (C16:0) or eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). RAW246.7 cells were randomly divided into five groups: normal, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), LPS+C8:0, LPS+EPA and LPS+cAMP. The serum lipid profiles, inflammatory biomolecules, and ABCA1 and JAK2/STAT3 mRNA and protein expression were measured.@*RESULTS@#C8:0 decreased TC and LDL-C, and increased the HDL-C/LDL-C ratio after injection of LPS. Without LPS, it decreased TC in mice ( P < 0.05). Moreover, C8:0 decreased the inflammatory response after LPS treatment in both mice and cells ( P < 0.05). Mechanistic investigations in C57BL/6J mouse aortas after injection of LPS indicated that C8:0 resulted in higher ABCA1 and JAK2/STAT3 expression than that with HFD, C16:0 and EPA, and resulted in lower TNF-α, NF-κB mRNA expression than that with HFD ( P < 0.05). In RAW 264.7 cells, C8:0 resulted in lower expression of pNF-κBP65 than that in the LPS group, and higher protein expression of ABCA1, p-JAK2 and p-STAT3 than that in the LPS and LPS+cAMP groups ( P < 0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Our studies demonstrated that C8:0 may play an important role in lipid metabolism and the inflammatory response, and the mechanism may be associated with ABCA1 and the p-JAK2/p-STAT3 signaling pathway.

Analysis of Coexisting Gene with NRAS in Acute Myeloid Leukemia / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the coexisting mutations and clinical significance of Homo sapiens neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog (NRAS) gene in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients.@*METHODS@#High-throughput DNA sequencing and Sanger sequencing were used to detect 51 gene mutations. The occurrence, clinical characteristics and treatment efficacy of coexisting genes with NRAS were investigated.@*RESULTS@#A total of 57 NRAS mutations (17.5%) were detected in 326 patients with AML. Compared with the patients in NRAS non-mutation group, patients in the mutant group were younger (P=0.018) and showed lower platelet count (P=0.033), but there was no significant difference in peripheral leukocyte count, hemoglobin, and sex. For FAB classification, NRAS mutation and M2 subtype showed mutually exclusive (P=0.038). Among 57 patients carried with NRAS mutation, 51 (89.5%) patients carried with other gene mutations, 25 (43.9%) carried with double gene mutations, 10 (17.5%) carried with 3 gene mutations, and 16 (28.1%) corried with ≥ 4 gene mutations. The most common coexisting gene mutation was KRAS (24.6%, 14/57), followed by FLT3-ITD (14.0%, 8/57), RUNX1 (12.3%, 7/57), NPM1 (10.5%, 6/57), PTPN11 (10.5%, 6/57), DNMT3A (10.5%, 6/57) and so on. The age (P=0.013, P=0.005) and peripheral platelet count (P=0.007, P=0.021) of patients with NPM1 or DNMT3A mutations were higher than those of the patients with wild type, but there was no significant difference in peripheral leukocyte count and hemoglobin. Also, there was no significant difference in age, peripheral leukocyte count, hemoglobin, and peripheral platelet count between the patients in KRAS, FLT3-ITD, RUNX1 or PTPN11 mutant group and the wild group. Patients with FLT3-ITD mutations showed a lower complete remission (CR) rate (P=0.044). However, there was no significant difference in CR rate between the patients with KRAS, NPM1, RUNX1, PTPN11 or DNMT3A mutations and the wild group. The CR rate of the patents with single gene mutation, double gene mutations, 3 gene mutations, and≥ 4 gene mutations were decreased gradually, and there was no significant difference in CR rate between pairwise comparisons.@*CONCLUSION@#The mutation rate of NRAS mutation is 17.5%, 89.5% of AML patients with NRAS mutation coexist with additional gene mutations. The type of coexisting mutations has a certain impact on clinical characteristics and CR rate of patients with AML.

Relationship between parental reproductive age and the risk of overweight and obesity in offspring / 中华预防医学杂志

Objective: To explore the role of parental reproductive age on the risk of overweight and obesity in offspring. Methods: The participants were derived from physical examination data of students aged 6-18 years in seven provinces in China, and questionnaire survey was used to collect demographic characteristics and lifestyle information of the students and their parents. A total of 41 567 children with complete data were included. According to the restricted cubic spline curve, maternal reproductive age was divided into three categories, 14-23, 24-28, and 29-38 years, and paternal reproductive age was divided into 14-23, 24-30, and 31-42 years. Multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the association between parental reproductive age and parental nutritional status and the risk of overweight and obesity in offspring. Results: The mean age of 41 567 children was (10.6±3.2) years, and the mean paternal and maternal age were (27.9±4.4) years and (25.8±4.0) years, respectively. The detection rate of overweight and obesity was 23.4%. After adjusting factors of children diet and behaviors, the OR(95%CI)of offspring overweight and obesity in groups of fathers aged 24-30 years and mothers aged 24-28 years was 1.11 (1.04-1.18) and 1.16 (1.08-1.24), respectively. When none parents were overweight and obese, the difference of obesity risk was not statistically significant. When both parents were overweight and obese, the OR(95%CI)of offspring overweight and obesity in groups of fathers aged 24-30 years and mothers aged 14-28 years old was 1.27 (1.00-1.62) and 1.33 (1.07-1.65) respectively. Conclusion: Parental reproductive age and parental overweight and obesity status may both increase the risk of overweight and obesity in offspring, with a significant interaction effect.

Changes in the morphology and function of the meibomian glands in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and their effects on the function of tear film / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To investigate the changes of morphology and function of meibomian glands in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and its influence on the tear film. METHODS: A total of 52 patients(104 eyes)with type 2 diabetes mellitus who came to our hospital from January 2018 to January 2020 were selected. Then they were divided into non-diabetic retinopathy group(NDR group, 31 cases with 62 eyes)and diabetic retinopathy group(DR group, 21 cases with 42 eyes)according to the fundus changes. While 38 cases(76 eyes)of diabetic-free cataract patients who treated at the same time were selected as the control group. The differences of three groups were compared with the morphology and the scores of the function of lid edge and meibomian glands, the scores of fluorescence staining of cornea, break-up time(BUT)of tear film, lipid layer thickness(LLT), blink times(BT)and partial blink rate(PBR).RESULTS: The morphology and the scores of function of lid edge and meibomian glands, the scores of fluorescence staining of cornea were significantly higher than the control group, and the DR group was significantly higher than the NDR group(all P<0.05). The BUT in the DR group and NDR group was significantly lower than that in the control group, and the DR group was significantly lower than that in the NDR group(all P<0.05). There were differences in LLT, BT and PBR among the three groups(P<0.05). The LLT and BT in the DR group and NDR group were significantly lower than those in the control group, and PBR was significantly higher than that in control group(all P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between the DR group and the NDR group(all P>0.05). Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with morphology abnormalities of meibomian gland have a higher incidence of abnormal tear film function.CONCLUSION: Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus are prone to shortening and loss of meibomian glands, which is easy to cause the dysfunction of the meibomian gland and decrease the stability of the tear film. While the patients with DR, the morphology abnormalities and dysfunction of the meibomian glands are more pronounced, and the stability of the tear film is worse.

The management of total anomalous pulmonary venous connection and risk factors for postoperative pulmonary venous obstruction / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective:To discuss the treatment strategies and experiences of total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC) and study the risk factors for postoperative pulmonary venous obstruction (PVO).Methods:Clinical data of 125 children with TAPVC in the Children Heart Center of Fuwai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital from January 2018 to December 2020 were included in this study and analyzed retrospectively.Of the 125 cases, 116 were treated surgically.They were divided into 2 groups according to whether PVO appeared after repair of TAPVC.The t-test or chi- square test was used to compare the clinical data of the 2 groups, and Logistic regression analysis was adopted to analyze the risk factors for postoperative PVO. Results:Among the 116 patients undergoing surgery, including 73 males (62.9%) and 43 females (37.1%), and according to Darling′s classification, there were 58 cases (50.0%) of supracardiac, 35 cases(30.2%)of intracardiac, 15 cases(12.9%) of infracardiac and 8 cases (6.9%) of mixed.The median age and body weight during surgery were 3.0 (1.2, 7.0) months and 5.0 (4.0, 6.8) kg.There were 13 deaths (11.2%), and recurrent PVO was observed in 18 patients (15.9%). Statistically significant diffe-rences were observed in terms of Darling′s classification (supracardiac 27.8% vs.56.6%, intracardiac 27.8% vs.31.6%, infracardiac 27.8% vs.10.5%, mixed 16.6% vs.5.3%, χ2=8.571, P=0.036) of PVO group and non-PVO group after operation preoperative PVO (83.3% vs.21.1%, χ2=25.293, P<0.01), with confluence (55.6% vs.81.1%, χ2=6.049, P=0.014), preoperative critical state (83.3% vs.31.6%, χ2=12.938, P<0.01), cardiopulmonary bypass time[ (128.800±47.254) min vs.(106.700±37.288) min, t=-2.094, P=0.039 ], delayed thoracic closure(27.8% vs.5.3%, χ2=6.227, P=0.013), and anastomotic velocity at 1 day after operation[1.0(0.9, 1.4) m/s vs.0.9(0.8, 1.1) m/s, Z=-2.004, P=0.045], anastomotic velocity at 1 week after operation[1.4 (1.3, 1.8) m/s vs.0.9 (0.7, 1.1) m/s, Z=-4.446, P<0.001], and mechanical ventilation time[121.0 (76.8, 246.9) h vs.91.5 (60.4, 135.9) h, Z=-1.989, P=0.047]. All of these data were included in the Logistic regression analysis.The results showed that preoperative PVO ( OR=797.179, 95% CI: 8.074-78 712.270, P=0.004) and increased anastomotic flow velocity at 1 week after operation ( OR=11 848.376, 95% CI: 23.746-5 912 017.803, P=0.003) were associated with postoperative PVO. Conclusions:Surgical correction in patients with TAPVC with a biventricular anatomy in this center is satisfactory.Preoperative PVO and early anastomotic flow velocity increase after operation are the high risk factors for postoperative PVO.

Clinical efficacy and safety of Treprostinil in the treatment of children with early decompensation after the Fontan procedure / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective:To investigate the efficacy and safety of Treprostinil in the treatment of children with early decompensation after the Fontan procedure.Methods:A retrospectively analysis was performed on the clinical data of 16 children with early decompensation after the Fontan procedure treated with Treprostinil injection from December 2017 to June 2020 at Fuwai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital.A total of 16 patients were included, including 5 boys (31.2%) and 11 girls (68.8%). The age was (4.6 ±1.2) years, the weight was (16.0±2.1) kg.The changes of central venous pressure (CVP), heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), central venous oxygen saturation (ScvO 2), lactic acid (Lac), oxygenation index and B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) were recorded at the infusion of Treprostinil and 3 hours, 24 hours, 48 hours and 72 hours after the infusion.The short-term efficacy of Treprostinil was observed[mortality, mechanical ventilation time, and length of intensive care unit (ICU) stay]; paired t-test was used to analyze the above indexes at different time points.The adverse reactions during the administration were also recorded. Results:Of the 16 children, the median mechanical ventilation time was 9 (5, 22) h, and the median ICU stay time was 2 (1, 12)days.After 72 hours of drug administration, CVP, Lac, BNP and HR decreased: CVP decreased from(16±5) mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa) to (11±2) mmHg ( P<0.001), Lac decreased from(6.8±3.2) mmol/L to (3.2±1.2) mmol/L ( P=0.002), BNP decreased from(980±223) ng/L to (250±120) ng/L( P<0.001), HR decreased from(150±20) times/min to (125±16) times/min( P=0.002); SBP, ScvO 2 and oxygenation index increased: SBP increased from(83±10) mmHg to (98±12) mmHg( P<0.001), ScvO 2 increased from 0.53±0.13 to 0.65±0.11 ( P=0.003), oxygenation index increased from (200±72) mmHg to (298±13) mmHg ( P<0.001), and the differences were statistically significant(all P< 0.05). One case died (6.3%), 2 cases (12.5%) had transient blood pressure drop and 1 case (6.3%) had nausea and vomiting.Besides, no other treatment-related complications were observed. Conclusions:As for children with early decompensation after the Fontan procedure, the intravenous application of Treprostinil can reduce pulmonary artery pressure rapidly, effectively improve circulatory status and oxygenation and ultimately improve the prognosis.

Rescue of male infertility through correcting a genetic mutation causing meiotic arrest in spermatogonial stem cells / 亚洲男科学杂志(英文版)

Azoospermia patients who carry a monogenetic mutation that causes meiotic arrest may have their biological child through genetic correction in spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs). However, such therapy for infertility has not been experimentally investigated yet. In this study, a mouse model with an X-linked testis-expressed 11 (TEX11) mutation (Tex11

Predicting Metabolic Syndrome Using Anthropometric Indices among Chinese Adolescents with Different Nutritional Status: A Multicenter Cross-sectional Study / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

Objective@#To evaluate the predictive performance of anthropometric indices for metabolic syndrome (MetS) among Chinese adolescents with different nutritional status.@*Methods@#We recruited 9,513 adolescents aged 10-18 years from seven provinces in China during September 2014. Anthropometric indices and blood pressure were measured at recruitment, and blood samples were collected for determining fasting plasma glucose and lipid profile. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses were used to assess the predictive performance of anthropometric indices, including body mass index (BMI) percentile, waist circumference percentile, waist-height ratio, and waist-hip ratio.@*Results@#Overall, the four anthropometric indices showed good accuracy for predicting MetS with areas under ROC curves (AUCs) ranging from 0.86 to 0.94; similar AUCs ranging from 0.73 to 0.99 were observed for participants with normal weight. The performance of all four indices was poor in overweight and obese participants, with AUCs ranging from 0.66 to 0.77 and from 0.60 to 0.67, respectively. Waist circumference showed relatively better performance in all the subgroup analyses.@*Conclusions@#We suggest using anthropometric indices with the cutoff values presented here for predicting MetS in the overall and normal-weight adolescent population, but not in the overweight and obese adolescent population where more specific screening tests are required.

Comparison of acquired immure deficiency syndrome-related knowledge and behavior between persons with and without human immunodeficiency virus- infection among young male students who have sex with men / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To understand the differences between young male students who have sex with men (MSM) with and without human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infection in acquired immure deficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related knowledge and behavior, and to provide a scientific reference to make targeted and effective measures in AIDS prevention.@*METHODS@#Using snow balling sampling combined with participants' referral, we conducted a questionnaire survey among 548 young MSM students (in whom there were both HIV-positive and HIV-negative) in Harbin, Tianjin, Xi'an, and Chongqing cities from April 2017 to March 2018. The chi-square test and binary Logistic regression were used to compare the differences in AIDS-related knowledge and behavior between males with and without HIV-infection.@*RESULTS@#A total of 583 questionnaires were obtained, of which 548 were valid, with an effective rate of 94.0%. Having a junior college education or below (P=0.002), a monthly consumption level of less than 2 000 RMB (P=0.021), and living off campus (P=0.004) were associated with being tested positive for HIV. In any period of schooling, receiving AIDS prevention education was a protective factor for HIV infection [Primary school OR=0.203 (0.073－0.561), junior high school OR=0.287 (0.142－0.581), senior high school OR=0.271 (0.142－0.518), and university OR=0.322 (0.168－0.616)]. There was no statistical difference between HIV positive and negative young MSM students in the cognition of "AIDS-related Knowledge for Public"(P=0.907) and "AIDS-related Knowledge for Youth"(P=0.782), with the awareness rate all about 90%. There was a statistical difference in the need for some specific knowledge (For "AIDS prevention and treatment policy", P=0.012, for "Ways to identify and prevent high-risk sexual behavior", P < 0.001). HIV-positive males had a younger age of first sexual activity (P=0.006), had more sexual partners in the early (P < 0.001) and had lower frequency of condom use (P < 0.001). However, there was no statistical difference in the later number of sexual partners (P=0.247) and the frequency of condom use (For regular sex partners, P=0.735, and for casual sex partners, P=0.765), which might be related to the change of sexual behavior characteristics caused by HIV infection (For regular sex partners, P < 0.001, and for casual sex partners, P=0.006).@*CONCLUSION@#There was no statistical difference between HIV positive and negative young MSM students in the cognition of "AIDS-related Knowledge for Public" and "AIDS-related Knowledge for Youth", which were both lower than 95% required by the state. However, the specificity in the knowledge needs was certainly shown. There was no significant difference in the recent sexual behavior between the two groups, but HIV positive students were more likely to have high-risk sexual behaviors in the early stage, so we should strengthen and move forward the sex education and AIDS prevention education with adjusted contents, and prevent high-risk sexual behaviors within young MSM students in the early stage.

Clinical effect of multi-oil fat emulsion for parenteral nutrition support in extremely low birth weight infants / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study the clinical effect of multi-oil fat emulsion for parenteral nutrition support in extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants.@*METHODS@#A retrospective analysis was performed for 49 ELBW infants who were admitted from January 1, 2018 to July 30, 2020, with an age of ≤14 days on admission and a duration of parenteral nutrition of > 14 days. According to the type of lipid emulsion received, the ELBW infants were divided into two groups: soybean oil, medium-chain triglycerides, olive oil, and fish oil (SMOF) (@*RESULTS@#The 49 ELBW infants had a mean birth weight of (892±83) g and a mean gestational age of (28.2±2.3) weeks. There was no significant difference between the two groups in the incidence rates of hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus, intraventricular hemorrhage, neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis, retinopathy of prematurity, bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), grade Ⅲ BPD, sepsis, and pneumonia (@*CONCLUSIONS@#The application of multi-oil fat emulsion in ELBW infants does not reduce the incidence rate of complications, but compared with MCT/LCT emulsion, SMOF can reduce the severity of PNAC in ELBW infants.

Analgesic effect of electroacupuncture on chronic pelvic pain in patients with sequelae of pelvic inflammatory disease / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) on chronic pelvic pain in patients with sequelae of pelvic inflammatory disease.@*METHODS@#A total of 144 patients with chronic pelvic pain were randomly divided into an observation group (72 cases, 10 cases dropped off) and a control group (72 cases, 9 cases dropped off). The patients in the control group were treated with ibuprofen sustained-release capsules 10 days before menstruation, 0.3 g each time, once a day. On the basis of the treatment of the control group, the patients in the observation group were treated with EA at Guanyuan (CV 4), Shuidao (ST 28), Guilai (ST 29), Shenshu (BL 23) and Ciliao (BL 32), disperse-dense wave, 2 Hz/15 Hz of frequency, once a day. The patients in both groups were treated for 10 days per menstrual cycle for 3 menstrual cycles. The visual analogue scale (VAS) scores of lower abdomen and lumbosacral area, local sign score, quality of life scale score and pain disappearance rate were compared between the two groups before and after treatment.@*RESULTS@#The VAS scores of lower abdomen and lumbosacral area as well as each item score and total score of local signs in the observation group after treatment were significantly lower than those before treatment and those in the control group (@*CONCLUSION@#EA can relieve the pain symptoms in patients with chronic pelvic pain and improve their quality of life.