Assessment of Quality of Life for Elderly Residents: A Cross Sectional Study in Nursing Home Settings / Evaluación de la calidad de vida de los residentes de edad avanzada: un estudio transversal en entornos de hogares de ancianos

Abstract Objective: We aim to assess the quality of life of older individuals living in nursing homes. Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on institutionalized elderly individuals for over three months. The sample size of the study was 260 and Non-randomized convenience sampling was used. The study excluded participants with cognitive impairment, severe medical conditions, physical limitations, communication barriers, severe pain, recent surgery, acute illness, or psychiatric disorders. Ethical approval was obtained, and participants were given informed consent. The study took place in various nursing homes in Lahore in June and July 2023, for the analysis of data Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS version 22) was used, employing frequency distribution, mean, standard deviation, and correlation. Results: The Pearson Correlation coefficient of 0.459 suggests a significant positive correlation between these variables (p < 0.01). This correlation is evident in both directions: Quality of life (QoL) score to Mini Mental Scale and vice versa. Conclusion: While assessing the QoL in elderly inhabitants of nursing residences, cognitive impairment, and high Body mass index (BMI) appeared to influence the overall QoL.

Resumen Objetivo: Nuestro objetivo es evaluar la calidad de vida de las personas mayores que viven en residencias de ancianos. Metodología: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal en ancianos institucionalizados durante más de tres meses. El tamaño de la muestra del estudio fue de 260 y se utilizó un muestreo de conveniencia no aleatorizado. El estudio excluyó a los participantes con deterioro cognitivo, afecciones médicas graves, limitaciones físicas, barreras de comunicación, dolor intenso, cirugía reciente, enfermedad aguda o trastornos psiquiátricos. Se obtuvo la aprobación ética y los participantes dieron su consentimiento informado. El estudio se llevó a cabo en varias residencias de ancianos de Lahore en junio y julio de 2023. Para el análisis de los datos se utilizó Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS versión 22), empleando distribución de frecuencias, media, desviación estándar y correlación. Resultados: El coeficiente de correlación de Pearson de 0,459 sugiere una correlación positiva significativa entre estas variables (p < 0,01). Esta correlación es evidente en ambas direcciones: puntuación de calidad de vida a Escala Mini-Mental y viceversa. Conclusión: Al evaluar la calidad de vida de los ancianos que viven en residencias, el deterioro cognitivo y un índice de masa corporal (IMC) elevado parecen afectar la calidad de vida general.

Teledentistry's Evolution Post-COVID-19: Moving from Crisis Response to Long-Term Solutions / La evolución de la teledetección después del COVID-19: el paso de la respuesta a la crisis a las soluciones a largo plazo

Abstract Telehealth, the use of telecommunications technology and electronic information to aid in healthcare delivery, has revolutionized patient care. Health communities have already approved telemedicine for treating certain acute and chronic diseases, while teledentistry has emerged as a distinct field within the broader scope of telemedicine. Numerous trials have demonstrated the value of teledentistry in reducing dental expenses and expanding dental care access to remote and rural areas. With technological advancements, teledentistry holds the potential to further enhance dental services and patient care. The COVID-19 pandemic has brought healthcare to the forefront of public concern. The need for close face-to-face contact with patients largely led to the suspension of dentistry services. However, the increased use of cell phones and related software packages integrated into "teledentistry" has facilitated easier clinical data exchange between patients and clinicians. This technology proved invaluable for dentists managing dental emergencies during lockdowns, providing an innovative means to resume dental practice. As a result, integrating teledentistry into routine dental practice as a complement to the existing dental system is advisable. It has the potential to revolutionize dental care for the better by expanding access to care and decreasing expenses. Given these circumstances, this review discusses the value and implications of teledentistry, highlighting its potential as a game- changing solution for the dental industry.

Resumen La tele salud, el uso de la tecnología de telecomunicaciones e información electrónica para ayudar en la prestación de atención médica, ha revolucionado la atención al paciente. Las comunidades sanitarias ya han aprobado la telemedicina para el tratamiento de ciertas enfermedades agudas y crónicas, mientras que la teledentología ha surgido como un campo distinto dentro del alcance más amplio de la telemedicina. Numerosos ensayos han demostrado el valor de la teledentología en la reducción de los gastos dentales y la ampliación del acceso a la atención dental en las zonas remotas y rurales. Con los avances tecnológicos, la teledentología tiene el potencial de mejorar aún más los servicios dentales y la atención al paciente. La pandemia de COVID-19 ha puesto a la atención de la salud en el primer plano de la preocupación pública. La necesidad de un contacto cercano cara a cara con los pacientes condujo en gran medida a la suspensión de los servicios odontológicos. Sin embargo, el aumento del uso de teléfonos celulares y paquetes de software relacionados integrados en la "teledentistry" ha facilitado el intercambio de datos clínicos entre pacientes y médicos. Esta tecnología resultó inestimable para los dentistas que gestionan emergencias dentales durante los bloqueos, proporcionando un medio innovador para reanudar la práctica dental. Por consiguiente, es aconsejable integrar la teledentología en la práctica dental de rutina como complemento del sistema dental existente. Tiene el potencial de revolucionar la atención dental para el mejor, ampliando el acceso a la atención y disminuyendo los gastos. Dadas estas circunstancias, esta revisión discute el valor y las implicaciones de la teledentología, destacando su potencial como una solución que cambia el juego para la industria dental.

Comparative Computed Tomographic Measurements of the Synsacrum in Some Birds / Mediciones Tomográficas Computarizadas Comparativas del Sinsacro en Algunas Aves

SUMMARY: The Synsacrum is constructed of pelvic bones, sacral, lumbar vertebrae and some thoracic vertebrae, and it takes the form of a thin sheet of bone which is curled downwards at the sides. This study is designed to assess the morphometric specialization of the lumbosacral portion of the vertebral section in flying and non-flying winged creatures. Several parameters (ratio of cranial/caudal parts and diameter/length) of the lumbosacral vertebral column were calculated in computed tomography (CT). The ratio of diameter/length of the synsacrum was the narrowest in ostrich while the widest was in pigeon. While the cranial/caudal ratio was the smallest in ostrich and the largest in pigeon. The parameters of penguin were closed to that of pigeon. It is supposed that this ratio is related to the bird locomotion, flying, swimming or/and strolling.

El sinsacro está formado por huesos pélvicos, sacros, vértebras lumbares y algunas vértebras torácicas, y toma la forma de una fina lámina de hueso curvada a los lados hacia abajo. Este estudio está diseñado para evaluar la especialización morfométrica de la porción lumbosacra de la sección vertebral en criaturas aladas voladoras y no voladoras. Se calcularon varios parámetros (relación de partes craneal/caudal y diámetro/longitud) de la columna vertebral lumbosacra en tomografía computarizada (TC). La relación diámetro/longitud del sinsacro fue la más estrecha en avestruz mientras que la más ancha fue en paloma. Mientras que la relación craneal/caudal fue la más pequeña en avestruz y la más grande en la paloma. Los parámetros del pingüino estaban cerrados en relación a los de la paloma. Se supone que esta relación está relacionada con la locomoción de las aves, volando, nadando y/o caminando.

Tuberculous bronchoesophageal fistula presenting with miliary tuberculosis: a case report

A 35-year-old Asian woman with no pre-existing illnesses presented with a chronic cough during eating, mucoid sputum production, low-grade fever, and significant weight loss over the past few months. She had no history of high-risk behavior, foreign body aspiration, or ingestion of toxic substances. Physical examination revealed mild pallor without other significant findings. Vital signs were normal. Laboratory tests indicated mild anemia, leukocytosis, and elevated ESR. Sputum AFB and viral/autoimmune markers were negative. The tuberculin skin test was positive. Imaging studies, including fluoroscopy with contrast and a CT scan of the thorax, identified an esophagobronchial fistula and miliary tuberculosis, with multiple diffuse lung nodules and associated changes. The CT scan showed a thick-walled fistulous tract connecting the esophagus to the right main bronchus at three points, along with miliary nodules and bronchiectatic changes. AFB staining of bronchial secretions was negative, but PCR and cultures confirmed M. tuberculosis. The patient was initiated on weight-adjusted antituberculosis therapy and nasogastric feeding. The patient showed significant symptomatic improvement after two months of antituberculosis treatment. This case underscores the importance of thorough diagnostic evaluation in atypical presentations of tuberculosis and highlights the potential for esophagobronchial fistulas to complicate pulmonary tuberculosis.

Unveiling the elusive: a case of missed hydrops fetalis

Hydrops fetalis, characterized by abnormal fluid accumulation in fetal tissues, poses diagnostic challenges often leading to adverse outcomes. We present a case of a 26-year-old multigravida diagnosed with hydrops fetalis at 26 weeks, despite unremarkable antenatal visits. Detailed ultrasound revealed characteristic signs, prompting urgent intervention. Despite aggressive measures, the neonate succumbed shortly after birth. This case highlights the complexities of diagnosing and managing hydrops fetalis, emphasizing the need for heightened clinical awareness. Diagnostic steps, including fetal ultrasound and genetic testing, are pivotal for confirming diagnosis and guiding management, underlining the critical role of comprehensive prenatal care in improving outcomes.

Assessment of lead augmented vector left (aVL on surface electrocardiogram) for confirming atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia

Background: Atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT) stands as one of the most common forms of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT), encompassing a wide spectrum of clinical presentations and diagnostic challenges. The aim of this study was to evaluate the assessment of lead aVL (surface ECG) for confirming AVNRT. Methods: This was a prospective observational study and was conducted at the Department of Cardiology and Electrophysiology, National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (NICVD), Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period from February 2019 to January 2020. Results: In our study 41 patients (66.1%) had AVNRT and 21 patients (33.9%) had AVRT on the final evaluation. Total 33.9% of patients had aVL notch on ECG. Among patients who had AVNRT, 46.3% had an aVL notch and among patients who had AVRT, 9.5% had an aVL notch on ECG. The difference was statistically significant (p=0.004). Among 21 patients who had aVL notch on ECG, 6 (31.6%) male patients had AVNRT, 13 (64.8%) female patients had AVNRT, 1 (50%) male patients had AVRT and 1 (50%) female patient had AVRT. Conclusions: In conclusion, the interpretation of electrocardiographic criteria, including the aVL notch, plays a pivotal role in confirming the diagnosis of AVNRT and guiding therapeutic interventions.

Surgical management of torsion of ovarian fibroma: a case report

Ovarian fibromas are solid tumors that belong to sex-cord stromal cell tumors of the ovary and are composed of fibrous tissue. They are the most common benign solid tumors of the ovary. The clinical presentation is variable and can include abdominal pain, bloating and menstrual irregularities. In some cases, the first presentation can be that of torsion. This case report presents a case of a 28-year-old who presented with features suggestive of ovarian torsion. Diagnostic difficulty was faced due to the complex appearance of the mass and presenting age of the patient. However, the Computed Tomography (CT) reported a large 12cm multiloculated cystic lesion likely ovarian in origin. Our patient underwent a laparotomy successfully. The diagnosis was confirmed by histopathology.

Probable case of autosomal dominant myotonia congenita (Thomsen disease) seen in Sokoto, Nigeria

Myotonia congenita is a rare heritable disease of skeletal muscles characterized by muscle stiffness (myotonia) and hypertrophy. We report a child with features of autosomal dominant type of myotonia congenita seen at our hospital. A 4-year-old boy admitted for an acute febrile illness was observed to have generalized muscular hypertrophy said to be present since he was 7 months old. It was associated with painless generalized muscle stiffness and slow initiation of movements after period of rest which gradually subsided following a few minutes of activity. He also had history of frequent falls while running, but no difficulty climbing stairs or muscle weakness. Pregnancy and delivery were uneventful. He had normal developmental milestones and was doing well in school. No history of similar problem in any family member and his parents were not consanguineous. On examination he had generalized muscular hypertrophy with a Herculean build. He had demonstrable stiff movements and gait after rest with percussion myotonia. Gower sign was negative. Serum creatinine kinase was normal at 79.2 U/L (Up to 130 U/L) and CK-MB was 24.8 U/L (Up to 24 U/l)). Electromyography (EMG) showed myotonia as sharp waves in a waxing and waning pattern. Muscle biopsy and genetic test were not done due to non-availability. A diagnosis of myotonia congenita most likely autosomal dominant type (Thomsen disease) was made based on strongly suggestive clinical features and EMG in the patient. He was since discharged as acute febrile illness resolved but still has symptoms of myotonia. This is the first reported case of myotonia congenita in our environment supported by clinical and EMG features. Genetic diagnosis should be made available in resource limited settings.

Prevalence, risk factors and outcomes of acute kidney injury in critically ill children with hematological malignancies

Background: Limited data is available on acute kidney injury (AKI) in critically ill children with hematological malignancies. The aim of this study is to assess the rate, risk factors and outcome of AKI in children with hematological malignancies admitted in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) of a large tertiary-care pediatric oncology referral center in Karachi.Methods: We conducted a retrospective, cross-sectional study on critically ill children with hematological malignancies who developed AKI and were admitted in PICU from July 2017 to June 2019. Demographic data, clinical profile, and outcomes were included. AKI was defined according to the kidney disease: improving global outcomes (KIDGO) criteria.Results: Of 399 critically ill children with a hematological malignancy, 85 (21.33%) patients developed AKI. The mean age was 7.8�8 years and 66% were male. The most common diagnosis was acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) (50%). Dialyitc therapy was initiated in 9 patients (2.3%) only. The risk factors for AKI were tumor lysis syndrome (p=0.001), exposure to nephrotoxic drugs (p<0.001), septic shock (p<0.001), use of mechanical ventilation (p<0.001), need of vasoactive drugs (p<0.001) and age (p<0.001). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that median survival time in children with AKI was 11 days (95% CI 7.6�.4) while median survival time in children without AKI is significantly higher (log rank test p<0.001). By multivariate analysis, AKI is an independent risk factor for mortality [OR 20.02; 95% CI 8.14-49.28; p<0.001]. The mortality rate was 63.5% in patients with AKI and 8.6% in patients without AKI (p<0.001).Conclusions: AKI occurred in 21.3% of critically ill children with hematological malignancies and is associated with age, organ dysfunction, sepsis, tumor lysis syndrome and exposure to nephrotoxic drugs. AKI is an independent risk factor for high mortality rate in this population.

Physicochemical, proximate and sensory evaluation of pearl millet and pigeon pea based nutrient dense mix

Severe acute malnutrition serves a high risk of mortality among children aged 6-59 months. At a community level anganwadi centers play a vital role in identifying malnutrition among children and enabling resources for growth and development. The aim of this study was to develop a nutrient dense mix using pearl millet and pigeon pea and evaluate its sensory, physicochemical and proximate properties. The nutrient dense mix was formulated using pearl millet and pigeon pea in several variations and the best accepted variation was selected through sensory evaluation and analyzed for its physiochemical and proximate composition. Variation 3 of the nutrient dense mix prepared by balancing pearl millet with rice had the highest acceptability in all sensory parameters. It had favorable physicochemical properties including water solubility index (20.1%), swelling power (3.7%) and low moisture content (3.7%). The proximate analysis revealed high energy (347.10±0.85 kcals), protein (14.28±0.04 g), fat (19.53±0.03) and calcium content (154.63±2.2 mg). The percentage adequacy of the nutrients from the nutrient dense mix showed that 31.27% of energy as per the estimated average requirements was met for 1-3 year olds and 25.5% for 4-6 year olds. The high sensory acceptability, low cost and good micro and macronutrient profile encourages further exploration for the product in curbing malnutrition.

Treatment outcome of tuberculosis patients in the directly observed treatment short course centres of Dibrugarh, Assam

Background: Tuberculosis (TB), second leading cause of mortality in India. Despite of so many efforts of National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme (NTEP), tuberculosis is still prevalent. Therefore, this study was conducted to assess socio-demographic, clinical profile and treatment outcomes of patients on fixed drug combination (FDC) daily regimen. Methods: Retrospective record-based study was conducted in two DOTS centres of Dibrugarh selected using simple random sampling. A total of 85 medical record were selected and reviewed. Information from treatment card were extracted using a pre-designed online format. Data collected were entered and analysed in SPSS version 25 software and presented using descriptive statistics. Results: Total of 85 patients records were reviewed. Gender ratio was 54.1%: 45.9% for male:female. Majority 31.8% belonged to most productive age group of 25-34 years of age. Treatment completion rate was 80%, cured rate was 18.8% while 1.2% was died. Conclusions: Male gender were reported with higher incidence of Tuberculosis. The low percentage of cure rate suggested the need for strengthening of TB services in the DOTs centres.

Advancement in knowledge and skills of nursing students in operation theatre procedures with mobile based learning / Mejoramiento de los conocimientos y habilidades de los estudiantes de enfermería en los procedimientos de quirófano con el aprendizaje basado en dispositivos móviles / Melhorar o conhecimento e as habilidades dos estudantes de enfermagem em procedimentos de sala de cirurgia com aprendizagem baseada em dispositivos móveis

Objective. To evaluate the effectiveness of mobile -based learning (MBL) in improving nursing students' knowledge and skills when performing procedures in the operating room. Methods. A quasi-experimental study with control group, pre- and post-intervention assessment was conducted. A total of 128 nursing students from India were recruited by purposive sampling and randomly assigned to the intervention (use of a telephone application containing videos on hand washing, surgical gown donning, gloving, and assisting during intubation) and conventional education groups. A validated Structured Knowledge Questionnaire and an Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) scale was used to assess nursing students' competencies in relation to operating room procedures and a mobile-based learning satisfaction opinion questionnaire was administered. Results. The findings showed that the improvement in the mean knowledge and skills score was greater in the intervention group than in the control group (p<0.001). The administration of the MBL was rated as highly satisfactory by 93.8% of the students exposed to this learning method. Conclusion. The MBL intervention was effective in improving nursing students' knowledge and skills in the evaluated operating room procedures.

Objetivo. Evaluar la eficacia del aprendizaje basado en dispositivos móviles (MBL) para mejorar los conocimientos y habilidades de los estudiantes de enfermería a la hora de realizar procedimientos en el quirófano. Método. Se realizó un estudio cuasiexperimental con grupo de control y evaluación previa y posterior a la intervención. Un total de 128 estudiantes de enfermería de la India fueron reclutados mediante muestreo intencional y asignados aleatoriamente a los grupos de intervención (uso de una aplicación telefónica que contenía vídeos sobre el lavado de manos, la colocación de la bata quirúrgica, la colocación de guantes y la asistencia durante la intubación) y de educación convencional. Se utilizó un cuestionario validado de conocimientos estructurados y una escala de examen clínico estructurado objetivo (OSCE) para evaluar las competencias de los estudiantes de enfermería en relación con los procedimientos de quirófano, y se administró un cuestionario de opinión sobre la satisfacción del aprendizaje basado en el móvil. Resultados. Los resultados mostraron que la mejora en la puntuación media de conocimientos y habilidades fue mayor en el grupo de intervención que en el grupo de control (p<0.001). La administración del MBL fue calificada como altamente satisfactoria por el 93.8% de los estudiantes expuestos a este método de aprendizaje. Conclusión.La intervenciónMBL fue eficaz para mejorar los conocimientos y habilidades de los estudiantes de enfermería en los procedimientos de quirófano evaluados.

Objetivo. Avaliar a eficácia da aprendizagem baseada em dispositivos móveis (MBL) na melhoria do conhecimento e das habilidades dos estudantes de enfermagem ao realizar procedimentos na sala de cirurgia. Métodos. Foi realizado um estudo quase experimental com grupo controle, com avaliação antes e após a intervenção. 128 estudantes de enfermagem de Ambala (Índia) foram recrutados por amostragem proposital e distribuídos aleatoriamente nos grupos de intervenção (uso de um aplicativo telefônico que continha vídeos sobre: lavagem das mãos, como colocar a bata cirúrgica, luvas e assistência durante a intubação) e educação convencional. A escala OSCE (Objective Structured Clinical Examination, em inglês) foi utilizada para avaliar as competências dos estudantes de enfermagem em relação aos procedimentos do centro cirúrgico e foi aplicado um questionário de opinião sobre a satisfação de aprender com base em dispositivos móveis. Resultados. Os resultados mostraram que a melhoria na pontuação média de conhecimentos e habilidades foi maior no grupo de intervenção do que no grupo de controle (p<0.001). A aplicação do MBL foi avaliada como altamente satisfatória por 93.8% dos alunos expostos a esse método de aprendizagem. Conclusão. A intervenção baseada no MBL foi eficaz na melhoria do conhecimento e das habilidades dos estudantes de enfermagem nos procedimentos avaliados na sala de cirurgia.

A study to evaluate the knowledge of women about the prevention of carcinoma cervix by vaccination

Background: Cervical cancer, characterized by malignant growth in the cervix uteri, often manifests with vaginal bleeding and can progress silently until reaching an advanced stage. It ranks as the most common cancer among women in numerous developing nations. The study aimed to evaluate the knowledge of the women about the prevention of carcinoma cervix by vaccination.Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted at the outpatient department of obstetrics and gynecology, Dhaka medical college and hospital, Bangladesh from Jan 2020 to Dec 2021. In this study, 100 women attending the mentioned department, were interviewed with a view in mind to find out their knowledge level regarding the vaccination of cervical cancers. Data were analyzed by using MS office tools.Results: The study revealed a direct correlation between education level and awareness of HPV, underscoring a significant lack of knowledge about cervical cancer vaccination. It emphasizes the urgent need to educate individuals about the vaccine's role in preventing cervical cancer. Education campaigns utilizing local media could effectively disseminate information.Conclusions: The unavailability and cost of the vaccine pose barriers to its accessibility. Integrating the vaccine program into existing expanded program on immunization (EPI) initiatives could be transformative for community health.

Low dose estrogen progestin pill is better than cyclical progestin as medical management of abnormal uterine bleeding due to ovulatory dysfunction in premenopausal women

Background: In abnormal uterine bleeding due to ovulation dysfunction, unopposed estrogen causes persistent proliferative or hyperplastic endometrium and periods of amenorrhea followed by excessive bleeding. This is managed medically by cyclical use of some hormonal agents. The aim of the study was to compare the effectiveness and acceptability of cyclical progestin alone and low dose estrogen progestin pill as medical management of AUB-O in premenopausal women.Methods: The study composed of 57 premenopausal women with anovular type of bleeding. The study participants were randomly allocated to take either norethisterone 10 mg daily from 16th to 25th day of menstrual cycle or low dose estrogen progesterone pill, one pill daily from 1st day of menstrual cycle up to 24th day. These patients were followed up after three and six months to assess subjectively the persistence of abnormal uterine bleeding, patient’s satisfaction, need for hysterectomy and any side effects.Results: The symptomatic improvement was more apparent with estrogen progestin pill than cyclical norethisterone. More patients chose hysterectomy in the norethisterone group because they were not satisfied with medical management.Conclusions: Symptomatic improvement is more with low dose estrogen progestin pill than cyclical norethisterone in women with AUB-O. More women decline hysterectomy as they accept estrogen progestin pill.

In-vitro Anticancer and In silico Assessment of Oxalis corniculata Against Colorectal Cancer (HCT 116) Cell line

Colorectal cancer is the third most frequently diagnosed cancer in both genders and the fourth foremost cause in respect to cancer-associated mortality. The metastasis mechanism of colorectal cancer shows that it gradually developed in the form of polyps under granular cells in the large intestine, which damages blood and lymph vessels. At present, chemotherapy and surgery are the major clinical approaches in treatment. Therefore, developing novel and effective drugs are requiring use of natural derivative compounds, a potent and significant effect in restricting the progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). The present research investigates the in vitro anticancer properties of various extracts of plant Oxalis corniculata counter cell viability of CRC cell line (HCT116) using an MTT assay. In silico docking studies of hexadecanoic acid were performed with cytochrome P450CYP17A1 protein (3RUK) to predict potential inhibitors and druglikeness as potential CRC inhibitors using ADME profiling adhered to five rule of Lipinski. The finding indicated the extracts of the Oxalis corniculata have anticancer and anti-proliferative activity. The cell cytotoxic observed against chloroform extract exhibited the highest inhibition against the HCT116 cell line, following ethanol and aqueous extract. The determined IC50 values for the ethanol, aqueous, and chloroform extracts were 53.94±1.29 µg/ml, 61.85±0.43 µg/ml, and 47.34±1.24 µg/ml, respectively The in silico molecular docking result shows that n-hexadecanoic acid compound was found to be effective against 3RUK protein associated with CRC. Therefore, the finding suggests Oxalis corniculata plants could be used to formulate potential therapeutic drugs for the development of anticancer agents.

Immunohistochemical Localization of Glucose Transporter GLUT1 and GLUT3 in the Testes of some Mammals / Localización Inmunohistoquímica del Transportador de Glucosa GLUT1 y GLUT3 en los Testículos de Algunos Mamíferos

SUMMARY: Glucose has an essential role in the proliferation and survival of testicular tissue. Glucose transporters (GLUTs) are responsible for glucose uptake across cell membranes. In the present work, two main isoforms GLUT1 and GLUT3 were investigated in the testes of Laboratory mouse (BALB/c), Lesser Egyptian jerboa (Jaculus jaculus), Golden hamster (Mesocricetus auratus), and Desert Hedgehog (Paraechinus aethiopicus). Immunofluorescent localization of GLUT1 and GLUT3 showed considerable species differences. The lowest expression of GLUT1 and GLUT3 was localized in the testis of Laboratory mouse (BALB/c), the highest GLUT1 localization was detected in the testis of Lesser Egyptian jerboa (Jaculus jaculus), and the highest GLUT3 immunofluorescent localization was observed in the testis of Hedgehog (Paraechinus aethiopicus). The results imply that GLUT3 is the principal glucose transporter in the studied testes, which is related to species differences. The different immunolocalization of GLUT in examined testes suggests using various transport systems for energy gain in different species.

La glucosa tiene un papel esencial en la proliferación y supervivencia del tejido testicular. Los transportadores de glucosa (GLUT) son responsables de la absorción de glucosa a través de las membranas celulares. En el presente trabajo, se investigaron dos isoformas principales GLUT1 y GLUT3 en los testículos de un ratón de laboratorio (BALB/c), un jerbo egipcio menor (Jaculus jaculus), un hámster dorado (Mesocricetus auratus) y un erizo del desierto (Paraechinus aethiopicus). La localización inmunofluorescente de GLUT1 y GLUT3 mostró diferencias considerables entre especies. La expresión más baja de GLUT1 y GLUT3 se localizó en el testículo del ratón de laboratorio (BALB/c), la localización más alta de GLUT1 se detectó en el testículo del jerbo egipcio menor (Jaculus jaculus) y la localización inmunofluorescente de GLUT3 más alta se observó en el testículo de Erizo (Paraechinus aethiopicus). Los resultados implican que GLUT3 es el principal transportador de glucosa en los testículos estudiados, lo que está relacionado con diferencias entre especies. La diferente inmunolocalización de GLUT en los testículos examinados sugiere el uso de varios sistemas de transporte para ganar energía en diferentes especies.

Correlation between clinical, radiological and arthroscopic findings in cases of osteoarthritis of knee joint

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common degenerative joint disorder and a major public health problem throughout the world. The knees are the most commonly affected joints. In view of multiple conflicting reports in the literature the present study was undertaken to study the correlation amongst radiological, arthroscopic and pain findings in knee OA patients to facilitate early and precise diagnosis leading to appropriate and timely treatment. Methods: Total 53 (39 female and 14 male) cases of primary OA were screened and selected for our study. Apley’s pain score equated to Visual Analogue Score and Western Ontario and MacMaster Universities Osteoarthritis score (WOMAC) sub scales were used for assessment of pain, stiffness and physical function respectively. Radiographic evaluation were done according to Kellgren-Lawrence Grading scale (X-ray) and modification of Outerbridge classification system (MRI). Outerbridge classification system was used to assess arthroscopic findings. Results: Clinical symptom of pain had statistically significant correlation with stiffness, physical disability, radiological severity and arthroscopic findings. Stiffness and physical disability scores individually doesn’t have any statistically significant correlation with MRI and arthroscopic severity. Radiological findings were found to corroborate with the arthroscopic findings significantly. Conclusions: Radiological and clinical findings in combination should be considered in concluding the final diagnosis and treatment of OA knee. Improvised criteria for precise diagnosis yet to be evolved.

Hepatitis B virus total core antibody status in unvaccinated general population in a community of Bangladesh

Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection poses a significant health challenge in Bangladesh, with the hepatitis B core antibody (anti-HBc) being a crucial marker due to its lifelong presence in the bloodstream. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of anti-HBc (total) positivity among unvaccinated adults in Northeastern Bangladesh. Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted in the Sobhanighat area of Sylhet, Bangladesh, in collaboration with the department of gastroenterology, Sylhet MAG Osmani Medical College, from November 2022 to August 2023. A total of 216 participants were selected using consecutive sampling. HBsAg, anti-HBs, and anti-HBc (total) were tested for all subjects, and data were collected using a pre-formed questionnaire and analyzed using statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) version 24. Results: Among the participants, 16 (7.4%) tested positive for anti-HBc (total), while HBsAg was positive in 6 (2.77%) individuals. Anti-HBs was detectable in 23 (10.6%) participants, with 3 (1.38%) showing isolated anti-HBc positivity. Notably, 20% of HBsAg-positive cases exhibited heterotypic anti-HBs. Moreover, 56.25% of respondents with anti-HBc (total) positivity had detectable anti-HBs (p<0.001). Gender did not show significant associations with HBsAg, anti-HBc (total), anti-HBs, or isolated anti-HBc (p>0.05). Conclusions: The study underscores a notable prevalence of anti-HBc (total) positivity among unvaccinated individuals in Bangladesh, indicative of past HBV exposure. It underscores the necessity for enhanced vaccination coverage and robust infection control measures to mitigate HBV transmission in this demographic.