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Objective:To analyze the lipid composition of coronary atherosclerotic plaques and explore the mechanism of its influence on the medium and long-term efficacy of coronary endarterectomy(CE).Methods:From January 2018 to December 2019, a total of 50 patients with diffuse coronary artery disease(DCAD)and hyperlipidemia in Beijing Anzhen Hospital were enrolled to undergo coronary artery bypass grafting combined with anterior descending CE. After the informed consent was signed before the operation, the coronary endarterectomy plaque tissue and blood plasma samples were taken during the operation. Patients were further examined by coronary atherosclerosis T1-weighted characterization(CATCH) and power domain non-orthogonal multiple access(NOMA)postoperatively to analyze middle and long-term coronary restenosis risks. They were divided into high-risk group(restenosis rate >25%, study group) and matched low-risk group(control group). Lipid and molecular biological analysis were performed in the two groups to detect the tissue and cytochrome P450 3A4 enzyme(CYP3A4) content of plaque samples.Results:8 patients were enrolled in each group. The lipid analysis showed that and tissue samples from patients in the study group had a significantly higher level of 4α- Hydroxycholesterol(4α-OHC)as compared to the control group(0.050 μmol/g vs. 0.016 μmol/g, P<0.05). Further, 12 months after the operation, CATCH results showed that the patency rate of the control group was better than that of the study group[coronary artery stenosis rate(9.01±1.9)% vs.(22. 31±2.3)%, P<0.05]. Comparison of CYP3A4 content showed that: the CYP3A4 in blood plasma for the study group was higher than that in the control group[immediate(0.88±0.05)ng/ml vs.(0. 45±0.03) ng/ml and(2. 08± 0.40) ng/ml vs.(1. 58± 0.16)ng/ml, P<0.05]. Conclusion:High expression of 4 α- OHC may accelerate atherosclerosis(AS) after CE and cause restenosis in the middle and long term; It was also confirmed that 4 α- OHC is a biomarker of CYP3A4, which suggests for further investigation of the mechanism of progression after CE.
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ObjectiveTo observe the regulatory effect of Yuyetang on Ghrelin level in rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus （T2DM）-induced cognitive impairment （DCI） and explore the pathway in the prevention and treatment of DCI. MethodThe T2DM model was induced in rats by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin （STZ） combined with the high-fat and high-sugar diet （STZ）. The model rats were divided into model group， metformin group （200 mg·kg-1）， and low-，medium-， and high-dose Yuyetang groups（4.575，9.15， 18.3 g·kg-1）according to the blood glucose， with 10 rats in each group. A normal group was also set up. The rats were administered with corresponding drugs by gavage for 30 days， and the body weight and blood glucose of the rats in each group were observed and recorded. After drug intervention， the learning and memory abilities of rats were tested by the Morris water maze. After the test， the whole brains of rats were sampled for hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining to observe the pathological changes in the hippocampal CA1 region， and the expression of Ghrelin in gastric tissues and hippocampal CA1 region was detected by immunohistochemistry. ResultCompared with the normal group ， the model group showed increased blood glucose（P<0.01），reduced body weight（P<0.01），prolonged escape latency（P<0.05，P<0.01）， shortened retention time and movement distance in the target area，decreased number of platform crossings（P<0.01）， abnormal morphology and structure of cells with disordered arrangement and reduced number in the hippocampal CA1 region， and decreased expression of Ghrelin in the serum，hippocampal CA1 region， and gastric tissues（P<0.05， P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the medium- and high-dose Yuyetang groups showed increased body weight， while all Yuyetang groups showed reduced blood glucose（P<0.01）， shortened escape latency （P<0.05）， prolonged retention time and movement distance in the target area，increased platform crossings （P<0.05， P<0.01）， improved morphology and structure of cells， increased number of normal cell in the hippocampal CA1 region， and elevated Ghrelin levels in the serum， gastric tissues， and hippocampal CA1 region（P<0.05， P<0.01）. ConclusionYuyetang can effectively improve the cognitive ability of DCI rats， and its mechanism may be related to the regulation of Ghrelin levels in the serum， hippocampal CA1 region， and gastric tissues.
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Six dimensional syndrome differentiation theory， put forward by professor GU Xiao-hong at Beijing University of Chinese Medicine based on her theoretical teaching and clinical experience， emphasizes that the syndrome differentiation should be carried out from six dimensions including etiology， disease location， disease stage， disease condition， pathology， and disease nature， which is conducive to clinical thinking training and formation of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）. The differentiation and treatment of Baihutang syndrome frequently seen in cold damage and warm disease still need to be explored. Guided by the six dimensional syndrome differentiation theory coupled with diverse viewpoints of cold damage and warm disease schools， this paper summarized and reinterpreted the understandings and thoughts of GU Xiao-hong and YU He， warm disease specialists of two generations. Considering the lung-stomach dysfunction caused by the internal invasion of exogenous pathogens， Baihutang syndrome was staged into Qi aspect. In this stage， exuberant pathogens and sufficient healthy Qi allowed the prevailing of internal heat and the consumption of body fluid， manifested as high fever， profuse sweating， thirst， and the pulse corresponding to interior excess and heat syndrome. This paper also pointed out that the Baihutang syndrome involved both lung and stomach， and the adoption of Baihutang contributed to preventing tu from restricting shui in the case of extreme excess of Yang brightness and protecting the kidney Yin. As revealed by the dynamic analysis of prognosis of Baihutang syndrome based on the six dimensional syndrome differentiation theory， even though the Baihutang syndrome could be present in both cold damage and warm disease， the specific disease stage， transmission and change， condition， prognosis， pathology， and medication differed. On this basis， a series of prescriptions have been modified from Baihutang， which has expanded the application scope of Baihutang and enriched its research value， thus better promoting its clinical application.
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The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) is developing rapidly and posing great threat to public health. There is no effective intervention for the severe patients, and their prognosis is poor. It is worth noting that in the fight against COVID-19, China has always put equal emphasis on both Chinese and Western medicine. Traditional Chinese medicine has played an important role in the whole process. It is of great significance to discuss the rules and characteristics of the prescription of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of COVID-19. In this study, information was collected from 444 severe COVID-19 patients who were admitted to a hospital designated to treat patients with severe COVID-19 in Wuhan before March 20, 2020. We collected traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions for patients with severe COVID-19, referred to Chinese Pharmacopoeia to standardize the names of traditional Chinese medicine, and extract the property, flavor and channel tropism of traditional Chinese medicines to analyze the rules of the prescriptions. IBM SPSS Modeler 18.0 software was used to conduct correlation analysis of traditional Chinese medicine. Effective traditional Chinese medicines against COVID-19 was identified by the TCMATCOV platform. In the end, 1 532 effective prescriptions were included. Among them, the high-frequency drugs are Poria, Astragali Radix, Pogostemonis Herba, Armeniacae Semen Amarum, Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, Pinelliae Rhizoma, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex, Ephedrae Herba, Cinna-momi Ramulus. Most of the drugs have the following functions: resolving dampness, replenishing deficiency, resolving phlegm, cough, and asthma. The core combinations are Pogostemonis Herba-Poria, Astragali Radix-Pogostemonis Herba-Poria, Amomi Fructus-Poria, Amomi Fructus-Pogostemonis Herba, Amomi Fructus-Astragali Radix. The majority of the medicines are with cold and warm properties, and the proportions are 41.03% and 38.46%, respectively. The medicinal flavors are mainly concentrated in sweet and bitter, and the proportions are 34.71% and 30.58%, respectively. The meridian of the drug is more into the lung, stomach and spleen, with lung accounting for 22.87%. From the analysis of high-frequency drugs to the core combinations, one can see that the main treatment principle for severe COVID-19 is to remove internal and external dampness, protect the spleen and stomach, remove evil energy, and support righteousness. TCMATCOV platform was used to calculate the network disturbances of the high-frequency drugs. It was found that the traditional Chinese medicine with a high disturbance score accounted for a high proportion of the classic anti-COVID-19 prescriptions used by clinicians. Among them, the drugs with top scores are Ephedrae Herba, Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, Eupatorii Herba, Platycodonis Radix, Cinnamomi Ramulus, Astragali Radix, Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex, Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, Pogostemonis Herba, Scutellariae Radix. After a further exploration of the action targets, it was showed that disease-specific factor TNF was the target of the above ten drugs, and traditional Chinese medicine can exert anti-inflammatory and immune-modulating effects.
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Betacoronavirus , China , Coronavirus Infections , Drug Therapy , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Humans , Medicine, Chinese Traditional , Pandemics , Pneumonia, Viral , Drug TherapyABSTRACT
This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) in patients with severe/critical coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). In this retrospective study, data were collected from 662 patients with severe/critical COVID-19 who were admitted to a designated hospital to treat patients with severe COVID-19 in Wuhan before March 20, 2020. All patients were divided into an exposed group (CHM users) and a control group (non-users). After propensity score matching in a 1:1 ratio, 156 CHM users were matched by propensity score to 156 non-users. No significant differences in seven baseline clinical variables were found between the two groups of patients. All-cause mortality was reported in 13 CHM users who died and 36 non-users who died. After multivariate adjustment, the mortality risk of CHM users was reduced by 82.2% (odds ratio 0.178, 95% CI 0.076-0.418; P < 0.001) compared with the non-users. Secondly, age (odds ratio 1.053, 95% CI 1.023-1.084; P < 0.001) and the proportion of severe/critical patients (odds ratio 0.063, 95% CI 0.028-0.143; P < 0.001) were the risk factors of mortality. These results show that the use of CHM may reduce the mortality of patients with severe/critical COVID-19.
Subject(s)
Age Factors , Aged , COVID-19/therapy , China , Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use , Female , Humans , Male , Medicine, Chinese Traditional , Middle Aged , Odds Ratio , Propensity Score , Retrospective Studies , Survival RateABSTRACT
The study reconstructed vascular model by the realistic Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) data to investigate the influence of the local hemodynamics caused by different thickness and width of bioresorbable vascular scaffold (BRS) implantation in Left Anterior Descending (LAD) artery. The study explored the relationship between the stent structure and thrombus, and the result can provide a valuable reference for the optimal design of BRS.
Subject(s)
Absorbable Implants , Coronary Vessels , Hemodynamics , Humans , Prosthesis Design , Stents , Tomography, Optical Coherence , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Objective:To explore the outcomes and mechanisms of coronary endarterectomy combined with electrocautery in patients with diffused coronary artery disease undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).Methods:From January 2017 to September 2018, 300 patients undergoing CABG with left anterior descending artery endarterectomy were randomly divided into two groups, after fully informed the risks and other related issues regarding the operations. All the patients in the two groups were treated with CABG. In the study group, patients underwent electrocautery immediately after endarterectomy, whereas in the control group, patients underwent endarterectomy only. The electrocardiogram and serological examination (TNI, IL-6 and TNF-a) were performed at 2 h, 24 h, 72 h and 120 h after operation. The follow-up duration was 1 year.Results:Nine patients in the study group, and 25 patients in the control group had ST segment elevation. The levels of TNI, IL-6 and TNF-a were continuously increased in both groups, and reached the peak at 24 h, then decreased slowly. The levels of TNF-a were significantly lower at 2 h postoperatively in the study group ( P=0.01). There was no significant difference in the levels of TNI and IL-6 between the two groups. The levels of TNI, TNF-a and IL-6 were significantly lower in the electrocautery group at 24 h, 72 h, and 120 h after operation( P<0.05). One year after operation, incidences of ST segment elevation in the study group were significantly lower than that in the control group, and there was no significant difference in restenosis rate and myocardial infarction rate. Conclusion:Endarterectomy combined with electrocautery may prevent the restenosis of the lumen and blood turbulence, smooth the inner wall of the vessel, slow down the release of inflammatory factors in the peripheral blood, inhibit the expression of inflammatory factors in the vessels, and reduce the myocardial damage. The short-term effect was satisfactory; the long-term anti-inflammatory and antithrombotic effect still need further investigations.
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OBJECTIVE@#To systematically review the effect of probiotic supplementation during pregnancy and infancy in preventing atopic dermatitis in children.@*METHODS@#RevMan5.3 was used to perform a Meta analysis of randomized controlled trials on the effect of probiotic supplementation during pregnancy and infancy in preventing atopic dermatitis in children published between January 2008 and May 2018 across the world. A subgroup analysis was conducted according to the type of probiotics for intervention, follow-up time, time of probiotic supplementation, and study areas.@*RESULTS@#A total of 22 articles were selected, with 3 280 cases in the intervention group and 3 281 cases in the control group. The results of pooled effect size showed that probiotic supplementation during pregnancy and/or infancy significantly reduced the incidence rate of atopic dermatitis (RR=0.81, 95%CI: 0.70-0.93, P2 years (RR=0.74, 95%CI: 0.61-0.90, P<0.05); probiotic supplementation had a significant effect in Australia (RR=0.83, 95%CI: 0.73-0.96, P<0.05) and Europe/the United States (RR=0.74, 95%CI: 0.61-0.91, P<0.05). Heterogeneity was mainly due to follow-up time (I=62.7%) and time of probiotic supplementation (I=53.5%).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Probiotic supplementation during pregnancy and infancy helps to prevent atopic dermatitis in children, and mixed Lactobacillus-Bifidobacterium intervention has a better effect.
Subject(s)
Bifidobacterium , Child, Preschool , Dermatitis, Atopic , Female , Humans , Infant , Lactobacillus , Pregnancy , ProbioticsABSTRACT
The clinical research articles relevant with 's subcutaneous needling therapy (FSN) were retrieved from CNKI, WANFANG, CBM and PubMed databases till January 2018 since the establishment of database. According to the general international criteria of disease classification, the diseases involved in the articles were classified and summarized. In terms of the clinical application and research of FSN, the questions were extracted and commented through expert's consultation. As a result, 412 articles were included. The statistical results of disease spectrum indicated that FSN was adopted in 65 kinds of diseases in 11 systems. Of these diseases, the relevant somatic pain disorders in the musculoskeletal system were the most appropriate. Professor explained that the clinical physicians of FSN should select the muscle-related disorders as the clinical research subject and treat them with normalized manipulation of FSN. The research on FSN is still at the preliminary stage. It needs more high-quality clinical and basic researches to provide the evidences for the therapeutic effects of FSN.
Subject(s)
Acupuncture Analgesia , Acupuncture Points , Acupuncture Therapy , Humans , Nociceptive Pain , TherapeuticsABSTRACT
Objective@#To investigate the clinical and laboratory features of Aeromonas bacteremia in patients with hematological diseases, and provide evidence for the prevention and treatment of Aeromonas infection.@*Methods@#A retrospective study of patients with bloodstream infection of Aeromonas in our hospital from January 2014 to December 2018 was carried out. The clinical characteristics, antimicrobial susceptibility, infection seasons, antimicrobial therapy and evolution were analyzed.@*Results@#A total of 42 patients with hematological diseases had Aeromonas bloodstream infection within 5 years. Among them, 39 cases (92.9%) of bloodstream infection occurred in the stage of neutropenia. The median time of fever was 4 (1-27) d, 22 (52.4%) patients only had fever, 6 (14.3%) with gastrointestinal symptoms (abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea, upper gastrointestinal bleeding) , 8 (19.0%) with pulmonary infection, 13 (31.0%) with skin and soft tissue infections. Seven patients (16.7%) died with skin and soft tissue infection. The resistance of Aeromonas to carbapenems was 68.3%-70.7%, while the resistance rate to cephalosporins, quinolones and aminoglycosides were less than 10%.@*Conclusions@#Aeromonas bacteremia in patients with hematological diseases mainly occur in the neutropenia stage, usually with symptom like fever. The mortality is increased when accompanied by skin and soft tissue infection. Antibiotic use should be based on susceptibility results, and avoid the use of carbapenems.
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Objective@#To analyze risk factors, cardiovascular complications, time of death, gestational age of delivery and offspring outcomes in the maternal deaths with cardiovascular diseases (CVD).@*Methods@#Totally 4 112 cases of pregnant women with CVD in Shanghai obstetric heart disease intensive care unit within 26 years (from January 1993 to December 2018) were collected, and 20 maternal deaths within these cases were analyzed retrospectively.@*Results@#(1) Among the 20 deaths, structural heart diseases accounted for 90% (18/20), pregnancy induced heart diseases was 10% (2/20) while there was no dysfunctional heart disease. The mortality of pregnant women with CVD was 0.486% (20/4 112). (2) The following risk factors were common in these women, getting pregnant without counselling (95%, 19/20) , New York Heart Association classⅢ or Ⅳcardiac function (70%, 14/20), complicated with pulmonary hypertension (75%, 15/20) and prior heart events (60%, 12/20). And 85% (17/20) deaths occurred in puerperium, 15% (3/20) occurred before labor,while no death occurred during labor. And 65% (13/20) deaths died due to heart failure, 20% (4/20) deaths were due to pulmonary hypertension crisis, 5% (1/20) died on sudden cardiac arrest, rupture of aortic dissection and sudden death, respectively.@*Conclusions@#Women with CVD should get pregnant after strict evaluation. Pulmonary hypertension is one of the most severe contraindications to pregnancy, especially in patients with moderate to severe pulmonary hypertension. The puerperium period is a critical period that threatens the safety of these patients. Since heart failure is the most common cause of death, it is necessary to prevent and treat heart failure and to monitor heart function dynamically, especially in those with structural abnormal heart diseases. Moreover, it is also of importance to standardize antenatal care and to identify the severity of heart diseases in time.
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OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) among the children with hearing disorder in Hunan province, China.@*METHODS@#In this cross-sectional study, the multi-stage cluster sampling method was used to select 1 500 children as subjects. Questionnaire surveys, physical examinations, and laboratory examinations were performed on the spot.@*RESULTS@#Among the 1 500 children, 1 459 with complete data were included in analysis. Among the 1 459 children, 43 had CKD, with a prevalence rate of 2.95%. The <7 years group had a significantly higher prevalence rate than the 7-14 years group [5.8% (35/604) vs 0.9% (8/855); P<0.05]. Among the 43 children with CKD, 31 (72%) had proteinuria, 27 (63%) had hematuria, and 11 (26%) had a decreased glomerular filtration rate. Among the 43 children with CKD, stage 1, 2, 3a, 3b, 4, and 5 CKD accounted for 30% (13 cases), 44% (19 cases), 12% (5 cases), 7% (3 cases), 7% (3 cases), and 0% (0 case) respectively. The prevalence rate of CKD increased with the severity of hearing disorder (P<0.01).@*CONCLUSIONS@#The prevalence rate of CKD is higher among the children with hearing disorder in Hunan province. Most children have early-stage CKD. CKD is commonly seen in preschool children. Severity of hearing disorder is associated with the prevalence of CKD.
Subject(s)
Child , China , Cross-Sectional Studies , Glomerular Filtration Rate , Hearing Disorders , Humans , Prevalence , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic , Epidemiology , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
Objective@#To investigate the application values of immunophenotypic analysis and molecular genetics in the diagnosis of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) .@*Methods@#The retrospective analyses of flow cytometric (FCM) immunophenotypic anyalysis, chromosome karyotype and chromosome fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) of 798 outpatient or hospitalization APL patients referred to our hospital between May 2012 and December 2017 were performed to further study the application values of FCM and molecular genetics in the diagnosis of APL.@*Results@#The sensitivity and specificity of FCM were 91.9% and 98.7% respectively. The typical characteristic immunophenotype for APL was as of follows: a high SSC, absence of expression of cluster differntiation (CD) CD34 and HLA-DR, and expression or stronger expression of CD33, consistent expression of CD13, CD9, CD123, expression of CD56, CD7, CD2 (sometimes) . The rest 10% of the cases harbored atypical APL phenotypes, generally accompanied by CD34 and/or HLA-DR expression, decreased SSC and often accompanied by CD2 expression, it was difficult to definitively diagnose APL by this FCM phenotype, and their diagnoses depended on the results of genetics or molecular biology tests. Compared with normal individuals, complex karyotypes APL with t (15;17) translocation, other variant translocations and variant t (11;17) , t (5;17) had no significant differences in terms of their FCM phenotypes.@*Conclusions@#FCM could rapidly and effectively diagnose APL. Despite the fact that complex karyotypes with various additional chromosomal abnormalities were detected in approximately one third of APL cases in addition to the pathognomonic t (15;17) (q22;q21) , they had no observable impact on the overall immunophenotype. Molecular and genetic criteria were the golden criteria for the diagnosis of APL. About 10% of immunophenotyping cases relied on molecular genetics for diagnosis.
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Objective To analyze risk factors, cardiovascular complications, time of death, gestational age of delivery and offspring outcomes in the maternal deaths with cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Methods Totally 4 112 cases of pregnant women with CVD in Shanghai obstetric heart disease intensive care unit within 26 years (from January 1993 to December 2018) were collected, and 20 maternal deaths within these cases were analyzed retrospectively. Results (1) Among the 20 deaths, structural heart diseases accounted for 90% (18/20), pregnancy induced heart diseases was 10% (2/20) while there was no dysfunctional heart disease. The mortality of pregnant women with CVD was 0.486% (20/4 112). (2) The following risk factors were common in these women, getting pregnant without counselling (95%, 19/20), New York Heart Association classⅢorⅣcardiac function (70%, 14/20), complicated with pulmonary hypertension (75%, 15/20 ) and prior heart events (60%, 12/20). And 85% (17/20) deaths occurred in puerperium, 15% (3/20) occurred before labor , while no death occurred during labor. And 65% (13/20) deaths died due to heart failure, 20% (4/20) deaths were due to pulmonary hypertension crisis, 5% (1/20) died on sudden cardiac arrest, rupture of aortic dissection and sudden death, respectively. Conclusions Women with CVD should get pregnant after strict evaluation. Pulmonary hypertension is one of the most severe contraindications to pregnancy, especially in patients with moderate to severe pulmonary hypertension. The puerperium period is a critical period that threatens the safety of these patients. Since heart failure is the most common cause of death, it is necessary to prevent and treat heart failure and to monitor heart function dynamically, especially in those with structural abnormal heart diseases. Moreover, it is also of importance to standardize antenatal care and to identify the severity of heart diseases in time.
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Objective@#To observe the cardiomyocytes regeneration after myocardial infarction in Chinese small pigs, analyze the mechanism of myocardial fibrosis after myocardial regeneration.@*Methods@#Nine Chinese small pigs, weight 18-20 kg, 6 pigs in the experimental group(to ligate LAD at the equal blood flow point), and 3 in the control group(no any operation was performed). Monitor the hemodynamics of the left ventricle. Cardiac specimens were taken after 4 weeks of LAD ligation, the left ventricle was divided into 17 segments, and fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde for 1 week. Hematoxylin-Eosin/(HE) staining, PTAH、Ki-67-DAB and α-sarcomeric-actin-DAB staining for pathological observation.@*Results@#Four weeks of LAD ligation, different range of infarct size could be found in all the 17 segment of left ventricle. There was significant systolic pressure difference between the proximal and distal part in the left ventricular cavity. After 4 weeks of LAD ligation, there were a large number of new cardiomyocytes around the infarction area, which connected with the original mature cardiomyocytes directly. Large number of disassembled cardiomyocytes in the infarcted area and myocardial fibers were broken, cell structure disappeared, and nuclei were scattered in fibrotic tissues.@*Conclusion@#New cardiomyocytes after myocardial infarction were derived from the mature cardiomyocytes. Myocardial regeneration, cell disintegration, and myocardial fibrosis were performed synchronously under the influence of myocardial tension.
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Objective To observe the cardiomyocytes regeneration after myocardial infarction in Chinese small pigs, ana-lyze the mechanism of myocardial fibrosis after myocardial regeneration. Methods Nine Chinese small pigs, weight 18-20 kg, 6 pigs in the experimental group( to ligate LAD at the equal blood flow point) , and 3 in the control group( no any operation was performed) . Monitor the hemodynamics of the left ventricle. Cardiac specimens were taken after 4 weeks of LAD ligation, the left ventricle was divided into 17 segments, and fixed in 4％ paraformaldehyde for 1 week. Hematoxylin-Eosin/( HE) stai-ning,PTAH、Ki-67-DAB and α-sarcomeric-actin-DAB staining for pathological observation. Results Four weeks of LAD liga-tion, different range of infarct size could be found in all the 17 segment of left ventricle. There was significant systolic pressure difference between the proximal and distal part in the left ventricular cavity. After 4 weeks of LAD ligation, there were a large number of new cardiomyocytes around the infarction area, which connected with the original mature cardiomyocytes directly. Large number of disassembled cardiomyocytes in the infarcted area and myocardial fibers were broken, cell structure disap-peared, and nuclei were scattered in fibrotic tissues. Conclusion New cardiomyocytes after myocardial infarction were derived from the mature cardiomyocytes. Myocardial regeneration, cell disintegration, and myocardial fibrosis were performed synchro-nously under the influence of myocardial tension.
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Benzoxaborole is a series of compounds with five member ring and boron atom. Since the approval of crisaborole and tavaborole by FDA, benzoxaborole gained lots of research interests and become widely used in current drug discovery. Specially, benzoxaborole derivatives were found to exhibit anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-protozoal, anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory activities. Here, we will review the properties of benzoxaborole, structure activity relationships as well as the recent progress in the biological activity of benzoxaborole derivatives.
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This study is based on the data analysis of medicinal plant resources and diversity collected from the fourth Chinese traditional medicine resource survey( pilot). Through the analysis of relevant data from 33 census pioneer plots in Guizhou province( area),a total of 265 families,1 432 genera and 5 296 species of medicinal resources were reported,including algae,fungi,lichens,mosses,a total of 43 genera and 35 families,57,48 families,120 genera and 453 species of ferns,gymnosperms 11 families,22 genera and 61 species,167 families,1 243 genera and 4 721 species of angiosperms,4 genera and 4 families four medicinal animals.Compared with the data related to the third survey of traditional Chinese medicine resources,the number of ferns,gymnosperms and angiosperms in the fourth survey has increased far more than that of the third survey. From the regional distribution of medicinal resources,the composition of the genus,the type of life,and the location of the medicine,the richness of the medicinal plant resources in Guizhou province is not only reflected in many types,but also in the variety of medicinal resources. These studies provide a scientific basis for vigorously developing the Chinese herbal medicine industry and the sustainably using medicinal plant resources in Guizhou province.
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China , Cycadopsida , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Ferns , Magnoliopsida , Medicine, Chinese Traditional , Plants, Medicinal , ClassificationABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to illustrate the magnetic resonance venography (MRV) manifestations of obstructed hepatic veins (HVs), the inferior vena cava (IVC), and accessory hepatic veins (AHVs) in patients with Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) and to evaluate the visualization capacity of MRV in the diagnosis of BCS. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty-two patients with chronic BCS were included in this study. All patients were examined via MRV performed with a 3T system following injections of gadolinium-diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid (Gd-DTPA) or Gd-ethoxibenzyl-DTPA. HV and IVC lesions were classified, and their characteristics were described. HV cord-like occlusions detected via MRV were compared using ultrasonography (US). Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) was performed as a contrast in the MRV detection of IVC lesions. The HVs draining collaterals, mainly AHVs, were carefully observed. HV lesions were classified as segmental stenosis, segmental occlusion, membranous stenosis, membranous occlusion, cord-like occlusion, or non-visualized. Except for patent IVCs, IVC lesions were classified as segmental occlusion, segmental stenosis, membranous occlusion, membranous stenosis, and hepatomegaly-induced stenosis. RESULTS: All patients (52/52, 100%) showed HV lesions of different degrees. MRV was inferior to US in detecting cord-like occlusions (6 vs. 19, χ2 = 11.077, p < 0.001). Dilated AHVs, including 50 (50/52, 96.2%) caudate lobe veins and 37 (37/52, 71.2%) inferior HV and AHV lesions, were well-detected. There were no significant differences in detecting segmental lesions and thrombosis between MRV and DSA (χ2 = 0.000, p1 = 1.000, p2 = 1.000). The capacity of MRV to detect membranous lesions was inferior to that of DSA (7 vs. 15, χ2 = 6.125, p = 0.013). CONCLUSION: In patients with BCS, MRV can clearly display the lesions in HVs and the IVC, as well as in AHVs, and it has diagnostic and therapeutic value.
Subject(s)
Angiography , Angiography, Digital Subtraction , Budd-Chiari Syndrome , Constriction, Pathologic , Diagnosis , Hepatic Veins , Humans , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Phlebography , Thrombosis , Ultrasonography , Veins , Vena Cava, InferiorABSTRACT
Seminal vesicles are involved in semen accumulation in the process of ejaculation, contracting and releasing seminal vesicle fluid accounting for about 50－80% of the semen, and the fructose in their secretions is an indispensable nutrient for sperm maturation. Thus, seminal vesicles are important male accessary glands closely related with the quality and quantity of sperm. In the process of semen accumulation, sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves participate in the regulation of the secretory function of seminal vesicle epithelia and the contraction of the smooth muscle layer as well as the distribution of adrenonergic, cholinergic, dopaminergic and various neurotransmitter receptors in the seminal vesicle epithelia and smooth muscle layer, which play a significant role in male fertility. This review discusses the neurophysiological effects of seminal vesicles in ejaculation.