ABSTRACT
Objective To construct the lentivirus vectors of high temperature requirement protease A1 (HTRA 1) gene as well as it's mutant gene (1091 T＞C HTRA 1),and investigate the effect of their infection on proliferation,migration and apoptosis of human brain vascular smooth muscle cells (HBVSMC).Methods The lentivirus vectors of wild type HTRA1 and mutant HTRA1 were constructed,cultured and identified,and then,infected into HBVSMC.Empty lentivirus vectors were used as controls.CCK-8 method was used to detect the cell proliferation for a consecutive five d.Transwell assay was used to detect the cell migration,and cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry.Results As compared with those from the control group,cells from wild-type HTRA 1 group showed no statistically different proliferation rate (P＞0.05),while cells from mutant HTRA 1 group had significantly reduced proliferation rate since the third d (P＜0.05).Migration rate of cells from control group,wild type HTRA 1 group and mutant HTRA 1 group was 0.474±0.079,0.612±0.037,and 0.283±0.064,respectively,with significant differences (P＜0.05).Apoptosis percentage of cells from control group,wild type HTRA 1 group was 3.68％±0.23％ and 3.13％±0.07％,with significant difference (P＜0.05),while that of mutant H TRA 1 groupwas3.70％±0.20％,showingnosignificantdifferenceascomparedwiththatfromcontrolgroup (P＞0.05).Conclusion HBVSMC infected by HTRA 1 mutant gene display attenuation of proliferation and migration activity,but have no statistical change in apoptosis.
ABSTRACT
Objective To summarize and analysis the clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of the cases which were positive for anti-N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptor antibodies by indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA). Methods We analyzed the disease process, clinical characteristics, auxiliary examination , diagnosis, treat-ment, and prognosis of five cases positive for anti NMDA receptor antibodies in their serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Results Four of the five cases positive for anti-N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptor antibodies were di-agnosed with anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis and one was diagnosed with Herpes Simplex Virus Encephalitis(HSE). The five cases had a similar disease presentation including prodromal flu-like symptoms in three cases and psychiatric symptoms at onset in three cases. Four cases developed epilepsy and respiratory failure during the disease course and received treatment in the NICU. Four cases had movement disorders during the late stage of isease..Electroencephalo-graphs and brain MRI showed abnormalities in most cases. The virus infection and dysimmunity test were positive in four cases. Patients with the anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis could have a good immediate prognosis after treatment with hormone and immune globulin. However, two cases developed cancer and one case died during one year fol-low-up. Conclusion Patients with HSE may also test positive for anti-NMDA receptor antibodies. Thus, diagnosis of anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis requires a thorough evaluation including patient’s history and disease course to avoid misdiagnosis.