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Ribonucleic acid (RNA) medicines have strong therapeutic potential for numerous rare genetic illnesses and malignancies because of its exact programmability based on Watson-Crick base pairing principle and unique ability to regulate gene expression. However, RNA medicines still have limitations in many areas, including stability, half-life time, immunogenicity, organ selectivity, cellular uptake and endosomal escape efficiency despite their great therapeutic potentials. This review briefly introduced numerous RNA medications [mostly messenger RNA (mRNA), small interfering RNA (siRNA), microRNA (miRNA) and antisense oligonucleotide (ASO)] that have intrigued of researchers in recent years, as well as their action mechanism in vivo. A number of delivery techniques, such as chemical modification, ligands coupling and nanocarriers have been proposed. The manufacture and applications of lipid nanoparticle, polymer nanoparticle and exosomes were discussed in depth. The goal of this work is to give a theoretical foundation and design concepts for the development of effective and safe RNA delivery technology, as well as to facilitate RNA therapeutic clinical translation.
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Objective To analyze the residents' satisfaction with the enforcement of The Regulations of Tianjin Municipality on Smoking Control in Public Places (hereinafter referred to as The Regulations) and its influencing factors. Methods From November to December 2020, 16 districts of Tianjin were selected as the research site, and one street was randomly selected from each district. The accidental sampling was used to conduct a questionnaire survey on 4,160 permanent residents in Tianjin. χ2 test was used in univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze and adjust the confounding factors. The public satisfaction and its influencing factors were analyzed. Results A total of 4 022 questionnaires were collected and 2 730 were included in the study. In 2020, 89.3 percent of Tianjin residents were satisfied with the enforcement of the Regulations. Compared with residents aged 15-24, residents in other age groups were less satisfied with the enforcement of the Regulations. Compared with residents with primary school education or below, residents with high school education or bachelor's degree or the same educational level were less satisfied with the enforcement of the Regulations. Residents with chronic diseases (OR=1.885 , P<0.01) and exposure to second-hand smoke in the last 30 days (OR=1.903, P<0.01) were less satisfied with the enforcement of the Regulations, while those who supported the Regulations (OR=0.511, P<0.01) and residents who had been exposed to public service advertisements on tobacco control in the last 30 days (OR=0.043, P<0.01) were more satisfied with the enforcement of the Regulations. Conclusion The residents of Tianjin are highly satisfied with the enforcement of the Regulations. Age, education background, support for the Regulations, chronic disease, exposure to secondhand smoke in the last 30 days and exposure to public service advertisements in the last 30 days are the main influencing factors of satisfaction with the enforcement of tobacco control regulations.
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Intestinal microorganisms are closely related to human health or disease status. Spinal cord injury is a serious traumatic disease of the nervous system. Recent studies have shown that intestinal flora can affect the progression of spinal cord injury. At the same time, intestinal flora is closely related to spinal cord injury complications such as anxiety, depression, aspiration pneumonia, malnutrition, constipation, neurocystitis and urinary system infection through intestinal-brain axis, intestinal-lung axis and oral-pulmonary axis. In this paper, the intestinal flora will be used as the starting point to explore the relationship between spinal cord injury, intestinal flora and spinal cord injury complications, providing new ideas for the treatment of spinal cord injury patients and the prevention of complications.
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This paper introduces the historical development, training contents, the inspection mechanism and management regulations of obstetrics and gynecology residents training in Taiwan region, China. Drawing lessons from the experience and ideas of the standardized residency training system of obstetrics and gynecology in Taiwan region, combined with the present situation and deficiencies of the training system in the mainland China, this paper puts forward constructive suggestions for the standardized residency training of obstetrics and gynecology, so as to obtain more efficient and satisfactory training results and provide ideas for cultivating excellent obstetrics and gynecology specialists in mainland China.
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Objective:To investigate drug resistance gene in Mycoplasma pneumoniae(MP) and the distribution of 13 respiratory pathogens in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF) of children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia(MPP).Methods:A total of 100 BALF of children with MPP in Peking University Third Hospital and Peking University First Hospital from January 2018 to January 2019 were collected.Fluorogenic quantitative PCR was used to detect nucleic acid and it′s drug resistance gene of MP and multiple PCR method was adopted to detect influenza A virus, influenza A virus-H 1N 1, influenza A virus-H 3N 2, influenza B, human parainfluenza virus, adenovirus, human bocavirus, human rhinovirus, Chlamydia pneumoniae, human metapneumovirus, MP, human coronavirus, and respi-ratory syncytial virus gene, and the results were compared by using Chi square test. Results:In 100 BALF samples, MP and drug resistance gene were detected by fluorogenic quantitative PCR.Totally, 83 cases (83.00%) were MP positive and 78 cases (93.98%) were drug resistant.All of them had the point mutations A2063G in V region of 23S rRNA domain.A total of 13 kinds of respiratory pathogens were detected by multiplex PCR method, and 89 cases (89.00%) were positive.Totally, 79 cases (79.00%) were MP positive, of which 74 cases (74.00%) detected only MP, and 5 cases (5.00%) detected MP combined with other pathogens.Other pathogens were detected in 10 cases (10.00%). The virus detection rate of 0-4 years old group was higher than that of >4-6 years old group ( P=0.042) and >6 years old group ( P=0.002), and the differences were statistically significant. Conclusions:MP can be detected in most BALF samples of MPP children, the drug resistance phenomenon is serious, and the main point mutation is A2063G.There were other respiratory pathogens and 2 or 3 pathogens were detected in a small number of BALF samples.
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With the reform of medical insurance payment mode and the promotion of medical insurance policy, medical insurance management has become the core of public hospital operation and management. According to the business scenario of medical insurance management in public hospitals, medical insurance intelligent management can be divided into three levels: automatic medical insurance intelligent management engine based on rules, digital medical insurance management assistance based on dialogue user interface and hospital medical insurance management brain based on deep learning. In August 2020, under the requirements of hospital intelligent management standards, a tertiary hospital broke through the traditional medical insurance management mode to launch the practice of digital enabled panoramic scene intelligent management of medical insurance, which included medical insurance intelligent business audit, medical insurance intelligent reconciliation, medical insurance intelligent cost control and medical insurance intelligent management cockpit. These measures had realized the intellectualization and standardization of medical insurance management and improved the overall operation efficiency of the hospital.
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Objective:To understand the current research status of master of professional degree students in clinical medicine in provincial teaching hospitals with moderate scientific research level under the " dual-track" training system.Methods:Sojump online survey was conducted to investigate the cognition, current situation and self-evaluation of all clinical master degree students in three grades in a provincial teaching hospital, and the research status of professional degree and scientific degree students was compared and analyzed respectively.Results:The proportion of scientific degree students participating in scientific research projects was significantly higher than that of professional degree students. The proportion of professional degree students participating in scientific research projects was still not high even in the third year of graduate students. However, there was no difference between scientific degree and professional degree students in the publication of scientific research papers. The scientific degree of scientific research knowledge is significantly higher than that of professional degree students. Although scientific degree students receive more scientific research guidance from their supervisors, professional degree students communicate more with their supervisors, and the results show that professional degree students are significantly more satisfied with their supervisors, graduate policies and scientific research policies than scientific degree students. In addition, the results of graduate students found that the degree of research stress of both scientific and professional degrees exceeded 50%.Conclusions:Scientific degree is better than professional degree in research status because of professional characteristics and more research guidance from their supervisors. However, through the reform of professional degree training mode based on scientific research project management in recent years, professional degree students have been able to communicate more with their supervisors, and their satisfaction with their supervisors and colleges has significantly increased. In addition, sufficient attention should be paid to high scientific research pressure of medical graduate students.
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Objective:To establish a method using activation-induced markers (AIM) to detect the function of HIV-1-specific CD4 + T cell subsets for evaluating the immune response of HIV-1-specific CD4 + T cells more effectively. Methods:Twelve chronically HIV-1-infected patients without antiviral therapy and six healthy people without HIV-1 infection were enrolled in this study. The function of HIV-1-specific T lymphocytes was detected by AIM and ICS based on polychromatic flow cytometry. The performance of the two methods in assessing HIV-1-specific CD4 + T cell immune response in HIV-1-infected patients was evaluated. Results:The positive rates of HIV-1-specific PD-1 + CD25 + CD4 + T, CD69 + CD200 + CD4 + T, CD69 + ICOS + CD4 + T, CD69 + ICOS + CD8 + T、CD137 + CD69 + CD8 + T、PD-1 + CD25 + CD8 + T and OX40 + PD-1 + CD8 + T cells in all of the HIV-1 patients were 11/12, 8/12, 7/12, 8/12, 8/12, 7/12 and 7/12 using AIM method. ICS results showed that the positive rates of HIV-1-specific IL-2 + CD4 + T, IFN-γ + CD4 + T, TNF-α + CD4 + T, IFN-γ + CD8 + T, TNF-α + CD8 + T and IL-2 + CD8 + T cells were 2/12, 2/12, 0, 12/12, 10/12 and 5/12, respectively. Conclusions:AIM method was more sensitive in antigen-specific CD4 + T cell detection, and could be used as a complementary method to ICS in assessing antigen-specific T cell response.
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ObjectiveTo observe the clinical efficacy of Maxingshigantang enema in the treatment of infant viral pneumonia by comparing related indicators， and comprehensively evaluate the effect of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） enema on the intestinal microenvironment. MethodSixty infants with viral pneumonia were selected and randomly divided into 3 groups. The dosage of enema drugs in high- （0.117 g·mL-1） and low-concentration （0.07 g·mL-1） TCM enema groups was same （3.5 g per time）， and the control group received normal saline enema， once a day for 7 days. Finally， the curative effect， total symptom score， salivary secretory immunoglobulin A （sIgA）， human beta defensin 2 （hBD2） and fecal calprotectin （CALP） of each group were statistically analyzed by SPSS 21.0， and the clinical efficacy of TCM enema in treating children with pneumonia and asthma was comprehensively evaluated. ResultThe curative effect of high-concentration TCM enema group （total effective rate 100%， χ2=7.059） was equivalent to that of low-concentration TCM enema group （total effective rate 95%， χ2=4.329）， higher than that of control group （total effective rate 70%） （P<0.017）. After treatment， compared with control group and low-concentration TCM enema group， high-concentration TCM enema group had higher total symptom score of children （P<0.05， P<0.01）. The proportion of coccobacillus was reduced in three groups， with high- and low-concentration TCM enema groups lower than control group （P<0.05）. The salivary sIgA concentration was increased in three groups （P<0.05）， with high-concentration TCM enema group higher than the other groups （P<0.01）. The hBD2 concentration was decreased in three groups， with high- and low-concentration TCM enema groups lower than control group （P<0.05）. The three groups reduced the fecal CALP concentration， and high-concentration TCM enema group had the highest reduction， followed by low-concentration TCM enema group （P<0.01）. ConclusionTCM enema outweighs western medicine in improving clinical symptoms， intestinal flora， and mucosal immune function， and reducing inflammation in children， and the high-concentration TCM enema group has better curative effect. Therefore， with easiness to operate， high compliance， and significant therapeutic effect， TCM enema is worthy of clinical promotion.
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@#Modulating drug release from liposomes at tumor sites are important for eliciting therapeutic effects of platinum drugs considering their low permeability through liposomal membranes, here a novel secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) responsive-liposome system was constructed for oxaliplatin (L-OHP).Lipid ingredients dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine and distearoyl phosphoethanolamine-PEG2k, together with facial amphiphiles (FAs) including lithocholic acid (LCA) or 3-keto lithocholic acid (kLCA) were used to prepare sPLA2 responsive-liposome (LCA-Lip or kLCA-Lip) by thin-film hydration method.The physicochemical properties, sPLA2-responsive drug release and anti-tumor activity were evaluated in vitro.The results indicated L-OHP loaded liposomes modified with FAs had similar particle sizes of approximately 100 nm and narrow size distributions (PDI < 0.11).Compared with non-FAs-containing liposomes (C-Lip), LCA-Lip or kLCA-Lip has a comparable entrapment efficiency and loading efficiency.LCA-Lip or kLCA-Lip didn't show significant higher drug leakage at the presence of 10% or 50% fetal bovine serum (FBS) in media than that in media without FBS.Treated with secretory phospholipase A2 from Colo205 cells culture conditioned medium (CCM sPLA2) for 24 h, FAs modified liposomes released about 70% of carboxyfluorescein (CF), while C-Lip only released 20% of CF.Compared to L-OHP loaded C-Lip, L-OHP-loaded FAs-included formulations had much greater anti-proliferative activity against sPLA2-secreting Colo205 cells.In summary, our results shows that LCA or kLCA promotes responsiveness of liposomes to tumor-related sPLA2 and points to a new way to develop platium drugs-loaded liposomal delivery systems with better release mechanisms.
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Tripterygium wilfordii is a valuable medicinal plant rich in biologically active diterpenoids, but there are few studies on the origins of these diterpenoids in its secondary metabolism. Here, we identified three regions containing tandemly duplicated diterpene synthase genes on chromosomes (Chr) 17 and 21 of T. wilfordii and obtained 11 diterpene synthases with different functions. We further revealed that these diterpene synthases underwent duplication and rearrangement at approximately 2.3-23.7 million years ago (MYA) by whole-genome triplication (WGT), transposon mediation, and tandem duplication, followed by functional divergence. We first demonstrated that four key amino acids in the sequences of TwCPS3, TwCPS5, and TwCPS6 were altered during evolution, leading to their functional divergence and the formation of diterpene secondary metabolites. Then, we demonstrated that the functional divergence of three TwKSLs was driven by mutations in two key amino acids. Finally, we discovered the mechanisms of evolution and pseudogenization of miltiradiene synthases in T. wilfordii and elucidated that the new function in TwMS1/2 from the terpene synthase (TPS)-b subfamily was caused by progressive changes in multiple amino acids after the WGT event. Our results provide key evidence for the formation of diverse diterpenoids during the evolution of secondary metabolites in T. wilfordii.
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Objective:To investigate the application and curative effect of fat grafting in supraorbital area in double blepharoplasty in patients with negative vector of the eyelid- globe.Methods:From January 2019 to January 2020, 78 patients who came to Fuzhou Meilai Huamei Beauty Hospital for double blepharoplasty were collected as patients with negative eyelid- globe vector. The patients were randomly divided into 2 groups, with 42 cases in the combined group and 36 cases in the simple group. The combined group underwent double blepharoplasty combined with fat grafting in the supraorbital area, and the simple group only underwent double blepharoplasty.Results:The postoperative follow-up was 3-12 months, with an average follow-up of 6 months. The efficacy of the combined group and the simple group was compared. There was no surgical complications in both groups. In improving the eyelid-globe vector, the combined group was higher than that of the simple group. The overall satisfaction of the combined group was higher than that of the simple group. Among them, the satisfaction of eye appearance, self-confidence, mental health, surgical results, decision-making and facial rejuvenation were all higher than those of the simple group, and there was no difference in the impact on early life between the two groups.Conclusions:Double blepharoplasty undergoing fat grafting in the supraorbital area at the same time are safe and conforms to the aesthetic standard. The patients are satisfied with the postoperative effects.
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Schizophrenia is a serious mental disease. The diagnosis of schizophrenia so far relies heavily on subjective evidence, including self-reported experiences by patients, manifestations described by relatives, and abnormal behaviors assessed by psychiatrists. The diagnosis, monitoring of the disease progression and therapy efficacy assessment are challenging due to the lack of established laboratory biomarkers. Based on the current literature, clinical consensus, guidelines, and expert recommendations, this review highlighted evidence-based potential laboratory biomarkers for the diagnosis of schizophrenia, including genetic biomarkers, neurotransmitters, neurodevelopmental-related proteins, and intestinal flora, and discussed the potential future directions for the application of these biomarkers in this field, aiming to provide an objective basis for the use of these biomarkers in the early and accurate diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis and rehabilitation assessment of schizophrenia.
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Objective:To investigate the differential diagnostic value of 18F-FDG PET/CT in multiple myeloma (MM) and unknown osteolytic metastasis (UOM). Methods:A retrospective study was performed on 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging of 43 patients (29 males, 14 females, age: (61.5±12.9) years) with multiple bone destructions and without extraosseous primary malignant tumor between June 2017 and March 2020 in Tenth People′s Hospital of Tongji University. Through follow-up, 20 patients (13 males, 7 females, age: (61.1±12.2) years) were pathologically confirmed as MM and 23 patients (16 males, 7 females, age: (61.4±13.9) years) were pathologically confirmed as UOM. The whole body skeleton was categorized to 8 sites including skull, spine, ribs, pelvis, sternum, clavicle, scapula and limb bone. The differences of the cross-sectional length of the lesion, cortical bone damage, SUV max and the distribution of imaging agent were compared between the two groups in different parts. Independent-sample t test and Mann-Whitney U test were used to analyze data. Results:The UOM group was invisible on clavicles, and spine and pelvis were the most predilection sites in both MM and UOM groups (spine: 41.30%(299/724) and 49.37%(117/237); pelvis: 24.45%(177/724) and 26.58%(63/237)). The cross-sectional length of lesions in the skull, spine, ribs, pelvis and limb bone in MM group were significantly shorter than those in UOM group (5.45(4.30, 8.06) vs (13.89±11.66) mm, 6.15(3.89, 10.06) vs 11.48(7.73, 16.90) mm, 7.01(4.59, 10.56) vs (24.61±16.22) mm, 8.20(5.14, 13.71) vs (21.12±13.31) mm, (8.48±5.75) vs (19.13±14.26) mm; z values: from -8.88 to -2.52, t=-2.76, P<0.001 or P<0.05) and SUV max of above lesions and scapula in MM group were significantly lower than those in UOM group (1.50(1.00, 2.20) vs 17.15±11.40, 2.60(2.00, 4.10) vs 8.20(5.65, 11.90), 2.30(1.40, 5.28) vs 10.58±5.52, 2.50(1.80, 3.90) vs 9.34±6.01, 3.08±2.41 vs 11.38±6.38, 2.45(1.50, 4.43) vs 6.90(4.63, 17.80); z values: from -13.87 to -2.41, t=-4.85, P<0.001 or P<0.05). The imaging agents in lesions on the skull, spine, ribs, pelvis, scapula and limb bone were more evenly distributed in MM group, while the imaging agents in lesions were more unevenly distributed in UOM group. On the skull, spine and ribs sites, the MM group was more likely to show no cortical bone damage; however, the UOM group showed cortical bone damage in the above sites. Conclusion:It is helpful for doctors to distinguish MM and UOM by comparing the cross-sectional length of the lesion, cortical bone damage, SUV max and the distribution of imaging agent in 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging before getting pathologic results.
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Iodine is an essential trace element in the human body, and the gastrointestinal tract is the main way for the body to intake iodine. The intestinal tract contains trillions of microorganisms that have important impacts on the substance-energy metabolism and the genetic information processing in the human body. Gut microbiota or their metabolites can act on the thyroid through the circulatory system (namely the " gut-thyroid axis" ), thus potentially regulating iodine metabolism in thyroid. This article reviews the effects of gut microbiota on intestinal iodine uptake, as well as the effects of gut microbiota and their metabolites on the expression and activity of sodium iodide symporter (NIS) in thyroid cells, thus exploring the potential regulatory mechanisms of gut microbiota that involved in thyroid iodine metabolism. Potential factors affecting thyroid iodine metabolism by gut microbiota include the direct and the indirect factors. The direct factors include lipopolysaccharides, short-chain fatty acids, microbial peptides, and microbial proteins, which may affect the expression or activity of NIS in thyroid by regulating the nuclear factor kappa-B pathway, histone acetylation modifications, or antigen-antibody reactions. The indirect factors include the altered cellular environment that effected by gut microbiota which can further affect the transport of iodine ions in thyroid cells by manners like regulating the levels of thyroid-specific transcription factors and regulating the signal pathways mediated by thyroid-stimulating hormone and its receptor.
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Objective:To develop an approach for the automatic diagnosis of bone metastasis and to design a parameter of quantitative evaluation for tumor burden on bone scans based on deep learning technology.Methods:A total of 621 cases (389 males, 232 females, age: 12-93 years) of bone scan images from the Department of Nuclear Medicine in Tenth People′s Hospital of Tongji University from March 2018 to July 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Images were divided into bone metastasis group and non-bone metastasis group. Eighty percent of the cases were randomly extracted from both groups as the training set, and the rest of cases were used as the test set. A deep residual convolutional neural network ResNet34 was used to construct the classification model and the segmentation model. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy were calculated and the performance differences of the classification model in different age groups (15 cases of <50 years, 75 cases of ≥50 and <70 years, 33 cases of ≥70 years) were analyzed. The regions of metastatic bone lesions were automatically segmented by the segmentation model. The Dice coefficient was used to evaluate the effect of the segmentation model and the manual labeled results. Finally, the bone scans tumor burden index (BSTBI) was calculated to assess the tumor burden of bone metastases.Results:There were 280 cases with bone metastases and 341 cases with non-bone metastases, including 498 in training set and 123 in test set. The classification model could accurately identify bone metastases, with the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of 92.59%(50/54), 85.51%(59/69) and 88.62%(109/123), respectively, and it performed best in the <50 years group (sensitivity, 2/2; specificity, 12/13; accuracy, 14/15). The specificity in the ≥70 years group (8/12) was the lowest. The Dice coefficient of bone metastatic area and bladder area were 0.739 and 0.925 in the segmentation model, which performed similarly in the three age groups. Preliminary results showed that the value of BSTBI increased with the increase of the number of bone metastatic lesions and the degree of 99Tc m-MDP uptake. The machine learning model in this study took (0.48±0.07) s for the entire analysis process from input to the final BSTBI calculation. Conclusions:The deep learning based on automatic diagnosis framework for bone metastases can automatically and accurately identify segment bone metastases and calculate tumor burden. It provides a new way for the interpretation of bone scans. The proposed BSTBI may be used as a quantitative evaluation indicator in the future to assess the tumor burden of bone metastases based on bone scans.
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Objective:To investigate the clinical manifestations, characteristics of chest high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT), and prognosis of connective tissue disease (CTD) complicated with interstitial lung disease (ILD) in children.Methods:The clinical data of 53 children with CTD-ILD who were admitted to the Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Xi′an Children′s Hospital of Xi′an Jiaotong University from October 2013 to October 2019 were retrospectively analyzed, including clinical manifestations, blood gas analysis, chest HRCT and prognosis.Results:As for these 53 children with CTD-ILD, the ratio of male to female was 1.0∶1.4, the average age was (7.50±3.34) years, and the course of disease was 2.00 (0.85, 7.50) months.Among them, there were 25 cases (47.2%) of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), 15 cases (28.3%) of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), 11 cases of polymyositis / dermatomyositis (PM/DM) (20.7%), 1 case of overlap syndrome (OS) (1.9%), and 1 case of allergic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (AGPA) (1.9%). Although cough (39.6%) was the most common symptom of respiratory system in these children with CTD-ILD and fever(66.0%) was the most common symptom in the systemic features.Blood gas analysis appeared abnormal in 17 cases, including 10 cases of hypoxemia (18.9%) and 7 cases of type Ⅰ respiratory failure (13.2%). HRCT chest showed ground glass shadow, strip shadow, subpleural spot shadow, grid shadow, pleural thickening, consolidation shadow, nodular shadow and cystic low-density shadow, with the proportion of 52.8%, 26.4%, 22.6%, 18.9%, 11.3%, 7.5%, 1.9% and 1.9%, respectively; nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP)(39.6%) was the most common type of imaging classification.After the combined treatment with glucocorticoids, immunosuppressive agents and biological agents, HRCT chest showed remarkably improvement in 36 cases (67.9%), while no change in 8 cases (15.1%). A total of 75.0%(33 cases) of 44 cases were infected in the course of combined treatment.In addition, 9 cases (17.0%) died from acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), among which 4 cases exacerbated to rapid progressive luge disease and 5 cases aggravated secondary ARDS due to infection.Conclusions:Only a small number of children with CTD-ILD have respiratory symptoms and signs.HRCT chest contributes to the early diagnosis of CTD-ILD, and its imaging manifestations are diverse.Blood gas analysis and HRCT chest play an important role in the disease evaluation and treatment planning.Moreover, it is the direction for further research to develop effective methods to prevent and control secondary infection so as to improve the survival rate and reduce the mortality rate during the active treatment of primary diseases.
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AIM: To investigate the expression and diagnostic value of long non-coding RNA(LncRNA)hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha antisense RNA 1(HIF1A-AS1)in serum of patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy(PDR).METHODS: A total of 160 patients with diabetic retinopathy(DR)admitted to our hospital from July 2019 to July 2021 were selected as the research objects. According to the degree of disease, they were divided into PDR group(80 cases)and nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy(NPDR)group(80 cases). At the same time, 100 healthy cases in our hospital were selected as the control group. Detect and compare serum triglyceride(TG), total cholesterol(TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C), fasting blood glucose(FBG)and the level of glycosylated hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c); The expression level of LncRNA HIF1A-AS1 in serum was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR(qRT-PCR)method; Logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors that affected the occurrence of PDR; Receiver operating characteristic curve(ROC)was used to analyze the clinical value of LncRNA HIF1A-AS1 level in the diagnosis of PDR. RESULTS: The expression level of LncRNA HIF1A-AS1 in the serum of the patients in the PDR group was significantly higher than that in the NPDR group and the control group, and the NPDR group was higher than the control group(P<0.05); The course of disease, HbA1c, TC, TG, LDL-C, FBG levels in the PDR group and the NPDR group were significantly higher than those of the control group, the HDL-C level in the PDR group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05); The level of LncRNA HIF1A-AS1 was positively correlated with the course of disease, HbA1c, TC, TG, LDL-C and FBG(P<0.05), and negatively correlated with HDL-C(P<0.05); Logistic regression analysis showed that the LncRNA HIF1A-AS1, course of disease, FBG, HbA1c, TC, TG, LDL-C were all risk factors for PDR(P<0.05); ROC results showed that the area under the curve(AUC)of the LncRNA HIF1A-AS1 level predicting PDR was 0.766(95%CI: 0.692～0.829), the corresponding sensitivity was 66.25% and the specificity was 78.75%.CONCLUSION: The level of LncRNA HIF1A-AS1 in the serum of PDR patients is up-regulated, it is a risk factor for the occurrence of PDR and it can be used as a potential serological indicator for predicting the occurrence of PDR.
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OBJECTIVE@#To establish a stable mouse model of acquired aplastic anemia.@*METHODS@#Female BALB/C mice aged 6 months were intraperitoneally injected with cyclophosphamide and cyclosporine for 14 days. The number of peripheral blood cells, the concentration of hemoglobin, the number of bone marrow nucleated cells, bone marrow smear, bone marrow pathological sections and other indexes were observed.@*RESULTS@#In BALB/C mice injected intraperitoneally with cyclophosphamide and cyclosporine, the number of peripheral blood cells and the concentration of hemoglobin were significantly decreased, especially the white blood cells and platelets. Bone marrow smear showed a significant decrease in the number of nucleated cells and bone marrow hyperplasia. Bone marrow pathology showed decreased hematopoietic cells and increased non-hematopoietic cells such as adipocytes.@*CONCLUSION@#The mouse model with intraperitoneal injection of cyclophosphamide and cyclosporine can meet the diagnostic criteria of acquired aplastic anemia, which can be used as a mouse model for the study of the pathogenesis and treatment of acquired aplastic anemia.
Subject(s)
Anemia, Aplastic , Animals , Bone Marrow , Cyclophosphamide , Cyclosporine , Female , Mice , Mice, Inbred BALB CABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the expressions of CD33 and CD13 in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (MM) patients and its relationship with prognosis.@*METHODS@#It was retrospectively observed that the expression of CD33 and CD13 in 121 MM patients who were newly diagnosed from January 2014 to January 2020, and the relationship between the expressions of CD33 and CD13 and patients prognosis was analyzed.@*RESULTS@#Among the 121 newly diagnosed MM patients, there were 30 patients (24.8%) in the CD33+ group and 12 patients (9.9%) in the CD13+ group. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that, compared with the CD33- group, the progression-free survival (PFS) time and overall survival (OS) time were significantly shortened in MM patients in CD33+ group (PFS 17.5 vs 23 months, P=0.000; OS 18.5 vs 25 months, P=0.000); and the PFS time and OS time of MM patients in the CD13+ group were also significantly shortened than those in CD13- group (PFS 21 vs 22 months, P=0.012; OS 25 vs 26 months, P=0.006). Cox regression analysis showed that CD33 and CD13 were independent adverse prognostic factors in MM patients (CD33: P=0.000;CD13: P=0.003).@*CONCLUSION@#CD33 and CD13 are prognostic risk factors in patients with MM.