ABSTRACT
Objective To study the correlation between semen quality and bacterial infection in men with abnormal fer-tility,and provide clinical basis for guiding the reproductive health of men with abnormal fertility.Methods 200 male semen samples with abnormal fertility were collected,and then separated and cultured for 48 hours.According to the culture results,they were divided into three groups:the non-pathogenic group,the pathogenic group,and the sterile group.The bacterial resist-ance analysis of the pathogenic group was conducted,and the semen quality between each group was compared.Results After 48 hours of isolation and cultivation,200 semen samples had been tested,non-pathogenic bacteria was detected in 163 semen samples,accounting for 81.5% ;pathogenic bacteria was detected in 33 semen samples,accounting for 16.5% ;and bacteria was not detected in 4 semen samples,accounting for 2.0% .The top three strains of pathogenic bacteria in 33 cases were Escherichia coli,Streptococcus agalactiae,and Enterococcus faecalis,with drug resistance rates of 80.0% ,87.5% ,and 100.0% ,respec-tively.Conclusion The detection rate of bacterial culture in semen of men with abnormal fertility is relatively high,and patho-genic bacteria can affect semen quality.
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Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of scalp acupuncture plus electroacupuncture in treating migraine without aura.Methods Three hundred and twenty-six patients with migraine without aura were randomly allocated to a treatment group of 157 cases and a control group of 169 cases. The treatment group received scalp acupuncture plus electroacupuncture and the control group, medication alone. The Pain Rating Index (PRI) score and the TCM syndrome rating scale score were scored in the two groups of patients before and after treatment. The numbers of taking medicine and the numbers of headache attacks were compared between the two groups of patients during treatment. An analysis was made of factors influencing the therapeutic effect on migraine. Results There were statistically significant differences in the PRI score and the TCM syndrome rating scale score at the end of treatment and at one, two and three months of follow-up compared with before treatment in the two groups (P<0.05). There were statistically significant differences in the PRI score and the TCM syndrome rating scale score at the end of treatment and at one and two months after it between the treatment and control groups (P<0.05). There was a statistically significant difference in the weekly number of taking medicine between the treatment and control groups during treatment (P<0.05). There was a statistically significant difference in the number of headache attacks between the treatment and control groups at two, three and four weeks of treatment (P<0.05). In the treatment group, the therapeutic effect at one, two and three months of follow-up was related to both TCM syndrome type and the VAS score; the therapeutic effect at two months of follow-up was related to the sex; the therapeutic effect at three months of follow-up was related to the educational level.Conclusion Scalp acupuncture plus electroacupuncture is an effective way to treat migraine without aura.
ABSTRACT
ObjectiveTo research the hepatitis B virus (HBV) replication and immune tolerance status of transgenic mice for elucidating the pathogenesis of hepatitis B and evaluating new drugs against HBV.Methods SPE grade HBsAg negative nontransgenic and transgenic mice with the same genetic background were recruited in this study.HBsAg,HBeAg and HBV DNA were detected by chemiluminescent method.Pre-S1 and HBcAg were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbont assay (ELISA).Liver pathology was examined and HBsAg expressions at different stages were determined by immunohistochemical staining.The lymphocyte proliferation of mice was detected by flow cytometry and interferon (IFN)γ-producing T lymphocytes was determined by enzyme linked immunospot (ELISPOT).The expressions of Toll-like receptor (TLR)2 and TLR9 in splenocyte suspension and splenic dendrite cells (DC) were determined by double-labeling immunofluorescence.The data were analyzed by t test and F test.ResultsHBsAg,preS1,HBeAg,HBcAg were expressed and HBV DNA was replicated in HBV transgenic mice,while anti-HBs,anti-HBc,and anti-HBe were all negative.There were no obvious pathological changes in liver tissues.HBsAg was expressed in cytoplasm and HBcAg in nucleus of hepatocytes.After stimulated with HBsAg,T lymphocyte proliferation capacity of HBV transgenic mice was (697.6±67.3) cpm,which was much lower than that of nontransgenic mice [( 1315.5 ±191.6) cpm].The number of spot forming cells of IFNγ-producing splenocytes from transgenic mice after HBsAg stimulation was 8.25 ± 1.10,which was obviously lower than that of nontransgenic mice (28.50±4.21) (F=155.967,P=0.000).The expressions of CD11c+,TLR2 and TLR9 on DC from both HBV transgenic and nontransgenic mice were not different significantly (all P＞0.05).The HBsAg expressions in liver tissues were observed in 18-day-old fetal mice and 1-day-old newborn mice.ConclusionsThe HBV transgenic mice can express HBV-related antigens,and are immune tolerant to the antigens.The innate and acquired immunity of the HBV transgenic mice are normal,which is similar to chronic asymptomatic HBV carriers of human.Therefore,HBV transgenic mouse is an ideal animal model.