Clinical characteristics of sudden sensorineural hearing loss with acute cerebral infarction / 中华内科杂志

Objective: To analyze the clinical and imaging features of patients with sudden sensorineural deafness and acute cerebral infarction in order to provide evidence for early recognition of such diseases. Methods: This was a case series reporting study. A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical and imaging data of 29 patients with sudden hearing loss (SHL) who admitted to the Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Department of Beijing Tiantan Hospital from January 2017 to December 2021 and diagnosed with acute cerebral infarction using MRI-DWI. Results: The patients were aged 31-71 years, with an average age of 56±12 years, and 82.8% (24/29) were men. In total, 82.8% (24/29) of the patients had three or more atherosclerotic risk factors, and 24.1% (7/29) had a history of SHL. The hearing types were flat and total deafness: 86.2% (25/29) of the patients had severe hearing loss, 27.6% (8/29) had bilateral SHL, 17.2% (5/29) had further hearing loss during hospitalization, and 82.8% (24/29) had dizziness or vertigo at the onset. The signs of central nervous system involvement mainly included speech impairment, diplopia, dysphagia, central facial paralysis, facial and limb hypoesthesia, ataxia, and decreased muscle strength. Imaging evaluation showed that 21 cases were located in the posterior circulation supply area and 8 cases in the anterior circulation supply area. Additionally, 82.8% (24/29) patients had vertebrobasilar artery stenosis, and 58.6% (17/29) patients had severe vertebrobasilar artery stenosis or occlusion. Conclusion: Patients with SHL who progress to cerebral infarction often have multiple atherosclerotic risk factors and SHL. Most of the patients are middle-aged and older men who often complain of dizziness or dizziness accompanied by severe flat and total deafness with unilateral or bilateral SHL. Imaging findings suggest that most patients have posterior circulation infarction, often accompanied by severe stenosis or occlusion of the vertebrobasilar artery..

Clinical analysis of 244 cases with abdominal wall endometriosis / 中华妇产科杂志

Objective: To investigate the clinical characteristics, diagnosis, treatment, outcomes and prognostic factors of abdominal wall endometriosis (AWE). Methods: A total of 265 AWE patients who underwent surgical treatment in The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University from January 2010 to April 2023 were retrospectively selected, and 244 patients had complete follow-up data. According to different depth of lesions, the enrolled patients were divided into three types: type Ⅰ (subcutaneous fat layer, n=30), type Ⅱ (anterior sheath muscle layer, n=174) and type Ⅲ (peritoneum layer, n=40). The general clinical features, perioperative conditions, recurrent outcome and prognostic factors were analyzed in three types. Results: (1) Compared with type Ⅲ patients, the age of onset, parity and incidence of pelvic endometriosis were significantly decreased in type Ⅱ patients [(32.0±4.0) vs (30.0±4.6) years, 1.6±0.6 vs 1.4±0.5, 10.0% (4/40) vs 1.7% (3/174), respectively; all P<0.05], while the proportion of patients with transverse incision was significantly increased [37.5% (15/40) vs 67.3% (115/171); P<0.01]. The first symptoms of type Ⅰ and type Ⅱ were mainly palpable mass in the abdominal wall [73.3% (22/30), 63.2% (110/174), respectively], but the first symptom of type Ⅲ was pain in the abdominal wall [55.0% (22/40); all P<0.05]. (2) No matter the results of preoperative B-ultrasound or intraoperative exploration, the lesion diameters of type Ⅰ, type Ⅱ and type Ⅲ showed significant upward trends (all P<0.05). The proportions of lesion diameter≥3 cm in type Ⅱ and type Ⅲ [67.8% (118/174), 80.0% (32/40)] were significantly higher than that in type Ⅰ (all P<0.05). The median operation time and blood loss of type Ⅰ and Ⅱ were significantly lower than those of type Ⅲ (type Ⅰ vs type Ⅲ: 37.5 vs 50.0 minutes, 10 vs 20 ml, all P<0.05; type Ⅱ vs type Ⅲ: 35.0 vs 50.0 minutes, 10 vs 20 ml, all P<0.05). (3) The median follow-up time was 49 months, the overall symptom remission rate was 98.4% (240/244), and the recurrence rate was 7.0% (17/244). There were no significant differences in recurrence rate and recurrence free time among three types (all P>0.05). Multivariate regression analysis showed that the depth, number, diameter of lesions and postoperative adjuvant medication were not significant factors for postoperative recurrence (all P>0.05). Conclusions: The clinical manifestations of type Ⅲ are the most serious, including obvious abdominal pain symptoms, larger lesion diameter, prolonged operation time, increased intraoperative blood loss and increased incidence of pelvic endometriosis. Complete resection of lesions is an effective treatment for AWE, with high symptom remission rate and low recurrence rate. The depth, number, diameter of lesions and postoperative adjuvant medication are not risk factors for recurrence.

Comparative Study between ZOOMit and Conventional Intravoxel Incoherent Motion MRI for Assessing Parotid Gland Abnormalities in Patients with Early- or Mid-Stage Sjögren’s Syndrome

Objective@#To compare the reproducibility and performance of quantitative metrics between ZOOMit and conventional intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the diagnosis of early- and mid-stage Sjögren’s syndrome (SS). @*Materials and Methods@#Twenty-two patients (mean age ± standard deviation, 52.0 ± 10.8 years; male:female, 2:20) with early- or mid-stage SS and 20 healthy controls (46.9 ± 14.6 years; male:female, 7:13) were prospectively enrolled in our study.ZOOMit IVIM and conventional IVIM MRI were performed simultaneously in all individuals using a 3T scanner. Quantitative IVIM parameters - including tissue diffusivity (D), pseudodiffusion coefficient (D*), and perfusion fraction (f) - inter- and intra-observer reproducibility in measuring these parameters, and their ability to distinguish patients with SS from healthy individuals were assessed and compared between ZOOMit IVIM and conventional IVIM methods, appropriately. MR gland nodular grade (MRG) was also examined. @*Results@#Inter- and intra-observer reproducibility was better with ZOOMit imaging than with conventional IVIM imaging (ZOOMit vs. conventional, intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.897–0.941 vs. 0.667–0.782 for inter-observer reproducibility and 0.891–0.968 vs. 0.814–0.853 for intra-observer reproducibility). Significant differences in ZOOMit f, ZOOMit D*, conventional D*, and MRG between patients with SS and healthy individuals (all p < 0.05) were observed. ZOOMit D* outperformed conventional D* in diagnosing early- and mid-stage SS (area under receiver operating curve, 0.867 and 0.658, respectively; p = 0.002). The combination of ZOOMit D*, MRG, and ZOOMit f as a new diagnostic index for SS, increased diagnostic area under the curve to 0.961, which was higher than that of any single parameter (all p < 0.01). @*Conclusion@#Considering its better reproducibility and performance, ZOOMit IVIM may be preferred over conventional IVIM MRI, and may subsequently improve the ability to diagnose early- and mid-stage SS.

Analysis on the route of conception vessel and governor vessel in / 中国针灸

On the base of the analysis on the original text in

Biological Function of CysR Domain of ADAMTS13 / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the biological function of Cysteine rich (CysR) domain of a disintegrin and metalloprotease with thrombospondin type 1 repeats-13 (ADAMTS13) on cleavage of von Willebrand factor (vWF) and provide experimental evidence for exploring the pathogenesis of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP).@*METHODS@#The six amino acids (EDGTLS) in ADAMTS13 CysR domain were point mutated one by one, and the mutant ADAMTS13 proteins were expressed and purified. The cleavage products of vWF polymer by wild-type or mutant ADAMTS13 under denaturing condition or shear stress were separated by 1% SeaKem HGT agarose gel and detected by Western blot.@*RESULTS@#The mutant ADAMTS13 plasmids (M1: Glu515Ala; M2: Asp516Ala; M3: Gly517Ala; M4: Thr518Ala; M5: Leu519Ala; M6: Ser520Ala) were successfully constructed and the proteins of wild-type and mutant ADAMTS13 were purified. Wild-type ADAMTS13 almost completely cleaved the vWF polymer under denaturing condition, while the cleavage activity of M1 mutant was significantly reduced in the same condition (P<0.01). The cleavage activity of M1 mutant of ADAMTS13 was also significantly reduced compared with that of the wild-type under shear stress (P<0.01). The activity of M1 mutant to cleave the FRETS-vWF73 was dramatically reduced compared with that of wild-type ADAMTS13. However, the binding ability of M1 mutant to vWF was similar with that of wild-type ADAMTS13.@*CONCLUSION@#The CysR domain of ADAMTS13 plays an important role in the digestion of vWF under denaturing condition and shear stress. The Glu515 amino acid residue might be an important site for substrate recognition.

Effects of Chinese Medicine on Symptoms, Syndrome Evolution, and Lung Inflammation Absorption in COVID-19 Convalescent Patients during 84-Day Follow-up after Hospital Discharge: A Prospective Cohort and Nested Case-Control Study / 中国结合医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the changes of symptoms, Chinese medicine (CM) syndrome, and lung inflammation absorption during convalescence in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) who had not totally recovered after hospital discharge and whether CM could promote the improvement process.@*METHODS@#This study was designed as a prospective cohort and nested case-control study. A total of 96 eligible patients with COVID-19 in convalescence were enrolled from Beijing Youan Hospital and Beijing Huimin Hospital and followed up from the hospital discharged day. Patients were divided into the CM (64 cases) and the control groups (32 cases) based on the treatment with or without CM and followed up at 14, 28, 56, and 84 days after discharge. In the CM group, patients received the 28-day CM treatment according to two types of CM syndrome. Improvements in clinical symptoms, CM syndrome, and absorption of lung inflammation were observed.@*RESULTS@#All the 96 patients completed the 84-day follow-up from January 21 to March 28, 2020. By the 84th day of follow-up, respiratory symptoms were less than 5%. There was no significant difference in the improvement rates of symptoms, including fatigue, sputum, cough, dry throat, thirst, and upset, between the two groups (P>0.05). Totally 82 patients (85.42%) showed complete lung inflammation absorption at the 84-day follow-up. On day 14, the CM group had a significantly higher absorption rate than the control group (P<0.05) and the relative risk of absorption for CM vs. control group was 3.029 (95% confidence interval: 1.026-8.940). The proportions of CM syndrome types changed with time prolonging: the proportion of the pathogen residue syndrome gradually decreased, and the proportion of both qi and yin deficiency syndrome gradually increased.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Patients with COVID-19 in convalescence had symptoms and lung inflammation after hospital discharge and recovered with time prolonging. CM could improve lung inflammation for early recovery. The types of CM syndrome can be transformed with time prolonging. (Registration No. ChiCTR2000029430).

Protective Effect of Compatibility of Coptidis Rhizoma and Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex on Rat Model of Ulcerative Colitis and Influence of Apoptosis / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To study the protective effect of different doses of single-flavored Coptis， Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex， and their compatibility on ulcerative colitis （UC） model rats and the colonic B lymphoblastoma-2 associated X protein （Bax） and cysteine-containing aspartame-3（Caspase-3） protein， inflammatory cytokines， and other expressions. Method:The 120 healthy adult SD rats were randomly divided into blank group， model group， sulfasalazine group， Coptidis Rhizoma 2.00， 1.00， 0.50 g·kg-1 group， Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex 2.00， 1.00， 0.50 g·kg-1 group， Coptidis Rhizoma combine with Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex 4.00， 2.00， 1.00 g·kg-1 group， 12 groups with 10 rats in each group. The UC model was prepared by 2，4， 6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid/ethanol （TNBS/ethanol）. After 24 h of modeling， the rats were gavaged at 10 mL·kg-1 for one time/d. After modeling， the mental state， activity state， hair luster， stool characteristics， and blood in the stool of each group were observed. After continuous administration for 6 days， colon tissues and spleen were taken after the last administration for 24 h. The ratio of colonic weight to length and spleen index was calculated. The degree of colonic injury was evaluated according to the colonic mucosal injury index （CMDI） score criteria. the histopathological observation was performed using hematoxylin-eosin staining （HE）. The expression levels of tumor necrosis factor （TNF）-α， interleukin-6 （IL-6）， interleukin-10 （IL-10）， and myeloperoxidase （MPO） in the serum of Coptidis Rhizoma 2.00 g·kg-1 group， Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex 2.00 g·kg-1 group， Coptidis Rhizoma combine with Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex 4.00 g·kg-1 were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA） in blank group and model group. Western blot was used to detect the expression of Bax and Caspase-3 proteins in the colon of rats. Result:Compared with blank group， rats in model group were sluggish and less active. The colon weight-length ratio， spleen index， CMDI， and colon tissue pathological damage increased significantly， and the expression of serum TNF-α， IL-6， and MPO increased significantly. Serum IL-10 expression levels were extremely significantly reduced （P<0.01）. Compared with model group， the sulfasalazine group， the Coptidis Rhizoma 2.00， 1.00 g·kg-1 group， the Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex 2.00 g·kg-1 group， and the three-dose groups of Coptidis Rhizoma combine with Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex， their colon weight-length ratio and CMDI were significantly reduced （P<0.05，P<0.01）. The colon weight length ratio and CMDI index of the Coptidis Rhizoma 0.50 g·kg-1 group， Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex 0.50 and 1.00 g·kg-1 group were not significantly different from the model group but compared with Coptidis Rhizoma and Magnolia 0.50 g·kg-1 group， the ratio of colon weight to length in the group of Coptidis Rhizoma combine with Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex 1.00 g·kg-1 group was significantly reduced （P<0.01）. Compared with model group， the spleen index of the sulfasalazine group， the Coptidis Rhizoma 2.00 g·kg-1， and the Coptidis Rhizoma combine with Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex 4.00 g·kg-1 group were significantly lower （P<0.05）， compared with model group， the sulfasalazine group， Coptidis Rhizoma 2.00， 1.00 g·kg-1 and Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex 2.00 g·kg-1， thre dose groups of Coptidis Rhizoma combine with Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex can significantly improve the depth and scope of histopathological damage and tissue necrosis. Compared with the model group， the preferred Coptidis Rhizoma 2.00 g·kg-1 group， Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex 2.00 g·kg-1　group， Coptidis Rhizoma combine with Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex 4.00 g·kg-1 group serum TNF-α， IL-6， MPO expression levels are extremely significantly reduced， the level of IL-10 increased significantly （P<0.01）．Compared with blank group， the expression of 　Bax and Caspase-3 protein in the colon of model group was significantly increased （P<0.01）. Compared with model group， the expression of Bax and Caspase-3 protein in preferred Coptidis Rhizoma 2.00 g·kg-1 group and Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex 2.00 g·kg-1 group， Coptidis Rhizoma combine with Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex 4.00 g·kg-1 group were significantly reduced （P<0.01）． Conclusion:The compatibility of single-flavored Coptidis Rhizoma， Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex， and Coptidis Rhizoma combine with Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex may improve the pathology of UC model rats induced by TNBS/ethanol by down-regulating the expression of Bax and Caspase-3 protein， inhibiting the release of inflammatory cytokines and promoting the release of anti-inflammatory factors injury， it plays a role in protecting colonic mucosa. The compatibility effect of Coptidis Rhizoma and Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex is better than that of single medicine， and Coptidis Rhizoma has a tendency to be better than Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex.

Research progress of serca2a in heart failure / 中国药理学通报

Heart failure from various cardiovascular diseases is a serious threat to human health. Systolic and diastolic dysfunction are the basic characteristics of heart failure. SERCA2a, a key enzyme for calcium transport, regulates intracellular free calcium ion concentration, affecting the myocardial diastolic process. This article mainly summarized the structure and function of SERCA2a gene, the expression and regulation of SERCA2a in heart failure, and the current situation of drug therapy, gene therapy and clinical research targeting SERCA2a gene.

Analysis of chemical constituents in Shenmai Injection by LC-Q-TOF-MS and LC-IT-MS / 中国中药杂志

The chemical constituents in Shenmai Injection(SMI) were qualitatively analyzed by using liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry(LC-Q-TOF-MS) and liquid chromatography-ion trap-mass spectrometry(LC-IT-MS). The analysis was performed on an Agilent Zorbax SB-C_(18)(4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm) and gradient elution was carried out with 0.05% formic acid solution-acetonitrile as mobile phase at a flow rate of 0.6 mL·min~(-1) and a column temperature of 30 ℃. Mass spectrometry data of the components in SMI were collected in negative ion mode. The structures of components were speculated and identified by analyzing mass spectrometry data, comparing with standards, and referring to related literature. A total of 64 components in SMI were estimated, and the structures were confirmed in 16 of them by comparison with standards. Fifty-six compounds derived from Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma Rubra included 34 protopanaxadiol ginsenosides, 19 protopanaxatriol ginsenosides, 1 oleanane ginsenosides and 2 other glycosides. Eight compounds derived from Ophiopogonis Radix included 7 steroidal saponins, and 1 monoterpene glycoside. The results of this study would provide an important theoretical basis for the improvement of the quality control standards and the discovery of effective constituents in SMI.

Cloning,subcellular localization and spatio-temporal expression analysis of a flavonoid 3-O-glucosyltransferase gene( SmUF3GT) in Salvia miltiorrhiza / 中国中药杂志

The family of flavonoid 3-O-glucosyltransferase catalyzes the modification of anthocyanin from unstable-structure to stable-structure. In this study,based on homology cloning and transcriptome library,we isolated the full-length c DNA of UDP-glucose: flavonoid 3-O-glucosyltransferase( named SmUF3GT) from the flower tissues of S. miltiorrhiza. This gene was consisted of 1 353 bp open reading frames( ORF) encoding 450 amino acids. And the SmUF3GT protein was performed for the bioinformatic analysis. Our results showed that the protein was preliminary localized in the Golgi and peroxisome of cytosol,as well as plasma membrane and cell nuclear.QRT-PCR analyses indicated that SmUF3GT expressed differently in all tissues and organs but roots of S. miltiorrhiza and S. miltiorrhiza f.alba. During floral development,the expression of SmUF3GT showed a trend of rising fist and then down in purple-flower Danshen,whereas decreasing sharply fist and then slowly in white-flower Danshen. The present study provides basic information for further research on the network of synthesis and accumulation of flavonoids in S.miltiorrhiza.