Bioactive neolignans and lignans from the roots of Paeonia lactiflora / 中国天然药物

Two new neolignans and one new lignan (1-3) were obtained from the roots of Paeonia lactiflora. Their structures were unambiguously elucidated based on extensive spectroscopic analysis, single-crystal X-ray crystallography, and the calculated and experimental electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra. Compound 1 was a racemic mixture and successfully resolved into the anticipated enantiomers via chiral-phase HPLC. Compound 3 demonstrated moderate inhibitory activity against human carboxylesterase 2A1 (hCES2A1) with an IC50 value of 7.28 ± 0.94 μmol·-1.

Trace therapeutic substances of traditional Chinese medicine: great resources of innovative drugs derived from traditional Chinese medicine / 中国中药杂志

The traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) contains very complex constituents. Besides the major constituents, there are a large number of unclear trace constituents with novel skeletons and potent bioactivities, which have been regarded as one of the important therapeutic substances and the great resources of innovative drugs derived from TCM. The present review highlighted that the development of the trace therapeutic substances of TCM is closely depends on the advanced technologies for their identification, isolation, structure elucidation, and bioactivity evaluation. Additionally, this paper reviewed the novel trace compounds derived from Chinese herbal medicines which have been published in Organic Letters during 2001-2021, and summarized the important licensed drugs originated from the trace therapeutic substances and the discovery and development of trace therapeutic substances of 8 kinds of Chinese herbal medicines. This review provides references for the research and development of TCM therapeutic substances and innovative drugs.

Bioactive sesquineolignans from the twigs of Litsea cubeba / 中国天然药物

In a continuing search for biological natural products with structure diversity from traditional Chinese herbs, five new sesquineolignans (1-5) were isolated from an ethyl acetate extract of the twigs of Litsea cubeba. Their structures were elucidated based on MS, 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic data, as well as experimental electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra. Compounds 1-5 showed moderate inhibitory effects against LPS-induced NO production in RAW264.7 macrophages, with IC

Switching from efavirenz to elvitegravir/cobicistat/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide reduces central nervous system symptoms in people living with HIV / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

BACKGROUND@#Central nervous system (CNS) symptoms after efavirenz (EFV) treatment in people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) could persist and impact their quality of life. We assessed the impact of EFV-based regimen replacement with elvitegravir/cobicistat/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (E/C/F/TAF), which is considered an alternative option for subjects who do not tolerate EFV. Most specifically, we assessed the safety and the efficacy of E/C/F/TAF and its effects on the participants' neuropsychiatric toxicity symptoms in a real-life setting.@*METHODS@#A prospective cohort study was conducted among virologic suppressed HIV-positive participants receiving EFV-based regimens with ongoing CNS toxicity ≥ grade 2. The participants were switched to single-pill combination regimens E/C/F/TAF and followed up for 48 weeks. The neuropsychiatric toxicity symptoms were measured using a CNS side effects questionnaire, as well as the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. The primary outcome measure was the proportion of participants experiencing grade 2 or higher CNS toxicity after EFV switch off at weeks 12, 24, and 48. Secondary endpoints included virologic and immunological responses and the effect on fasting lipids at week 48 after switch.@*RESULTS@#One hundred ninety-six participants (96.9% men, median age: 37.5 years, median: 3.7 years on prior EFV-containing regimens) were included in the study. Significant improvements in anxiety and sleep disturbance symptoms were observed at 12, 24, and 48 weeks after switching to E/C/F/TAF (P < 0.05). No significant change in depression symptom scores was observed. At 48 weeks after switch, HIV viral load <50 copies/mL was maintained in all of the participants, median fasting lipid levels were moderately increased (total cholesterol [TC]: 8.2 mg/dL, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL-C]: 8.5 mg/dL, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL-C]: 2.9 mg/dL, and triglyceride (TG): 1.6 mg/dL, and the TC:HDL-C ratio remained stable.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The single-pill combination regimens E/C/F/TAF is safe and well tolerated. This study reveals that switching from EFV to E/C/F/TAF significantly reduces neuropsychiatric toxicity symptoms in people living with HIV with grade 2 or higher CNS complaints.

Characteristic of 8p11 Myeloproliferative Syndrome with Rare Phenotype / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To deeply understand the clinical manifestation, laboratory examination characteristics, diagnosis and treatment of an eight p11 myeloproliferative syndrome (EMS) with rare phenotypes.@*METHODS@#The clinical and laboratory characteristics and the process of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) were summarized in 1 rare EMS case involving T/B/myeloid cells. Meanwhile, 2 similar cases in the previous literature were also discussed.@*RESULTS@#The bone marrow examination indicated that the patient with B-cell acute lymphocytic leukemia. The lymph node biopsy showed that the patient was T lymphoblastic/myeloid lymphoma. The 8p11 abnormality was found by the examination of bone marrow chromosomes. The RT-PCR examination showed that the BCR-ABL fused gene was negtive. The FGFR1 breakage was found by using the FISH with FGFR1 probe in lymph node. The Mutation of FMNL3, NBPF1 and RUNX1 genes was found by using the whole exome sequencing. The patient received allo-HSCT under CR2. By the follow-up till to September 2019, the patient survived without the above-mentioned disease.@*CONCLUSION@#EMS manifest as neoplasms involving T-lineage, B-lineage, and myeloid-lineage simultaneously is extremely rare. Although the FGFR1 gene-targeted therapy can be conducted, allo-HSCT should be actively considered.

A new phenolic acid ester from solid culture of Colletotrichum capsici, an endophytic fungus from Paeonia lactiflora / 中国中药杂志

A new phenolic acid ester, 4'-hydroxyphenylethyl 4,8(R)-dihydroxyphenylpropionate(1), was isolated from an endophytic fungus Colletotrichum capsici of Paeonia lactiflora roots, along with eight known phenolic derivatives, tyrosol(2), 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl) ethyl acetate(3), methyl p-hydroxyphenylacetate(4), methyl m-hydroxyphenylacetate(5), 4-(4-hydroxyphene-thoxy)-4-oxobutanoic acid(6), 4-hydroxyphenethyl methyl succinate(7), trichodenol B(8) and 4-hydroxyphenethyl 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl) acetate(9). Their structures were identified by a combination of high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry(HR-ESI-MS), nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR) spectroscopy, ultraviolet(UV) spectroscopy and electronic circular dichroism(ECD) spectroscopy. Compounds 2-9 were isolated from this fungus for the first time.

A new dimeric benzylisoquinoline alkaloid from Corydalis yanhusuo / 药学学报

(±)-Bicoryanhunine B (1), a new dimeric benzylisoquinoline alkaloid was isolated from the dried tubers of Corydalis yanhusuo by various chromatographic methods, including silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, reverse phase C18, and semi-preparative HPLC. Its structure was determined by spectroscopic methods, including UV, IR, ESI-MS, HR-ESI-MS and 1D/2D NMR. (±)-Bicoryanhunine B (1) was a moderate PD-1/PD-L1 interaction inhibitor with an IC50 value of 7.80 ± 0.49 μmol·L-1. In addition, 1 exhibited potent inhibitory activities against LPS-induced NO production in RAW 264.7 macrophages with an IC50 value of 4.83 ± 2.21 μmol·L-1.

A new dimeric dehydrocorydaline alkaloid from vinegar-prepared Corydalis yanhusuo / 药学学报

Bidehydrocorydaline A (1), a new dimeric alkaloid of proberberine connected by a methylenedioxy group, was isolated from the vinegar-prepared Corydalis yanhusuo by various chromatographic methods, including column chromatography over macroporous adsorption resin and silica gel, reverse-phase MPLC, and semi-preparative HPLC. Its structure was determined by spectroscopic methods, including UV, IR, HR-ESI-MS, 1D and 2D NMR. Bidehydrocorydaline A (1) showed potent inhibitory activity against LPS-induced NO production in RAW 264.7 macrophages, with an IC50 value of 2.33 ± 0.57 μmol·L-1.

A new lignan glucoside from root of Paeonia lactiflora / 中国中药杂志

A new lignan glucoside,(+)-fragransin A_2-4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(1), has been isolated from the dry root of Paeonia lactiflora by column chromatography on silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, and MCI-gel resin, as well as preparative RP-HPLC. The structure of the new compound was elucidated by spectroscopic data analysis(MS, UV, IR, CD, 1 D and 2 D NMR) and chemical method. Compound 1 showed moderate inhibition against lipopolysaccharide induced nitric oxide production in RAW264.7 macrophages, with an IC_(50) value of 21.3 μmol·L~(-1).

Chemical constituents from ethyl acetate soluble extraction of Litsea cubeba / 中国中药杂志

Chemical investigation on the constituents of the ethyl acetate soluble extraction of Litsea cubeba has resulted in the isolation and structure elucidation of thirty compounds, including one sesquiterpene(1), four monoterpenes(2-5), two γ-butyrolactone derivatives(6 and 7), seven tyramine derivatives(8-14), fifteen aromatic compounds(15-29), and one pyrone derivative(30) via various chromatographic techniques and spectroscopic data analysis(MS, IR, 1 D and 2 D NMR). Compounds 1-7, 13 and 14 were obtained from the genus Litsea for the first time.

Research progress on animal models of chronic pain and its application in traditional Chinese medicine research / 中国中药杂志

The classification of chronic pain is complex and its pathogenesis is not clear, which led to the limited progress of treatment measures.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) has certain advantages in the treatment of chronic pain, and its mechanism needs further exploration. The ideal animal model is helpful to elucidate the key mechanism of the occurrence and development of chronic pain and play an important role in the discovery of new drug targets, the development of new therapies and the research on the analgesic mechanism of TCM.In recent years, many scholars at home and abroad have done a lot of research to explore the pathogenesis of chronic pain and the mechanism of TCM, which have achieved some results. On this basis, this study summarizes the selection of experimental animals for chronic pain and the commonly evaluation methods of animal models. According to the latest international classification of diseases, this review organizes the induced methods, evaluation indicators, advantages and disadvantages of seven kinds of chronic pain animal models, such as chronic primary pain, chronic cancer-related pain and so on. Next, this review introduces the chronic pain animal models commonly used in TCM research, in order to provide guidance for the targeted selection of animal models when carrying out relevant experiments in the future.

Research progress of natural non-alkaloids with analgesic activity / 中国中药杂志

Pain is a complex, unpleasant feeling and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage, and manifests itself in certain autonomous psychological and behavioral responses. The commonly used opioid and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory analgesics(NSAIDs) may cause adverse reactions to the kidney, liver, cardiovascular or gastrointestinal system and cause problems of drug abuse. Therefore, it is necessary to study new analgesic drugs with less side effects and significant analgesic effects. A variety of natural products derived from terrestrial plants, microorganisms, marine organisms and fungi have been an important source of clinical medicines and provide an inexhaustible resource for the development and innovation of modern medicines. Therefore, this paper mainly reviews the natural non-alkaloids with analgesic activity in order to provide reference for the research and development of analgesic drugs derived from natural products.

Research progress of natural alkaloids with analgesic activity / 中国中药杂志

Pain is a protective defense response of the body to harmful stimuli. Long-term pain not only seriously affects the body of the patient and brings great pain to the patient, but also brings huge economic burden to the patient's family and society. It has become one of the most serious problems affecting human health. At present, opioids and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs(NSAIDs) are commonly used as painkillers, but they tend to cause a variety of adverse reactions or risk of addiction. To find and develop new analgesic drugs, which are safer and more effective, has become the hot spot and difficulty in medical research. A variety of alkaloids derived from terrestrial plants, microorganisms, marine organisms and fungi have been an important source of clinical analgesic medicines. Various alkaloids have been proved to have good analgesic effects, such as morphine and the related to opioids, the main analgesic active components from Corydalis Rhizoma and Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata. Here we summarized the research progress of natural alkaloids with analgesic activity, in order to provide reference for the research and development of analgesic drugs based on natural products.

Safety and efficacy of allogeneic natural killer cell immunotherapy on human immunodeficiency virus type 1 immunological non-responders: a brief report / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

BACKGROUND@#Allogeneic natural killer (NK) cell immunotherapy is recognized as a promising anti-tumor strategy, but whether it plays a role in poor CD4 recovery among human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infected patients is unknown. This study aimed to investigate the safety and effectiveness of allogeneic NK cells immunotherapy on HIV-1 immunological non-responders (INRs) receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART).@*METHODS@#From February to April 2018, a prospective, randomized, controlled, open-label clinical trial, which enrolled 20 HIV-1 INRs following specific inclusion criteria, was conducted at Nankai University Second People's Hospital. Participants were randomly allocated (simple randomization 1:1) to either the combined treatment (NK + ART) group (n = 10) or the control (ART) group (n = 10). The allogenic highly activated NK cells from killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR)/human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-Cw mismatched healthy donor were prepared (10 cells in each injection) and intravenously infused to each recruited patient of NK+ART group in three courses. Key immune parameters (CD4 count, CD8 count, CD4/CD8 ratio), laboratory tests (count of blood cells, biochemistry panel) and symptoms at baseline and at month 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, and 24 were measured/collected to analyze the safety and efficacy of the therapy. Comparisons were between the seven time-points of both groups using repeated measurement analysis of variance (ANOVA) test. Generalized estimating equations (GEE) model was performed to evaluate the overall effect of the NK+ART group vs. the ART group.@*RESULTS@#From baseline to 24 months, we noted a mean CD4 count augmentation (139 to 243 cells/μL) in the NK + ART group and (144 to 176 cells/μL) in the ART group (difference, 67; 95% CI, 10 to 124; P = 0.024). Our estimations revealed that NK+ART group could improve CD4 level (β = 54.59, P = 0.006) and CD8 level (β = 322.47, P = 0.010) on average among the six measurements compared with the ART group. Only two (2/10, 20%) participants in the NK+ART group developed a transient mild fever after the first course.@*CONCLUSIONS@#This preliminary study informs that HIV-1 INRs, allogenic NK cells immunotherapy is safe and could significantly improve CD4 recovery but not CD4/CD8 ratio. The practical effects, however, need long-term follow-up observations. Further study on the potential underlying mechanism is warranted. REGISTRATION INFO:: www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=34912 (No. ChiCTR1900020634).

Increased early activation of CD56dimCD16dim/- natural killer cells in immunological non-responders correlates with CD4+ T-cell recovery / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

BACKGROUND@#Natural killer (NK) cells play a critical role in suppressing human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) infection, but knowledge on whether and how NK cells affect immune reconstitution in HIV-1-infected individuals who receive antiretroviral therapy (ART) is limited.@*METHODS@#We performed a case-control study with 35 healthy individuals and 66 HIV-1-infected patients including 32 immunological non-responders (INRs) with poor CD4+ T-cell recovery (500 cells/μL after 4 years of ART). NK cell phenotype, receptor repertoire, and early activation in INRs and IRs were investigated by flow cytometry.@*RESULTS@#A significantly higher proportion of CD56dimCD16dim/- NK cells was observed in INRs than IRs before ART and after 4 years of ART. The number of CD56dimCD16dim/- NK cells was inversely correlated with CD4+ T-cell counts in INRs before ART (r = -0.344, P = 0.050). The more CD69-expressing NK cells there were, the lower the CD4+ T-cell counts and ΔCD4, and these correlations were observed in INRs after ART (r = -0.416, P = 0.019; r = -0.509, P = 0.003, respectively). Additionally, CD69-expressing CD56dimCD16dim/- NK cells were more abundant in INRs than those in IRs (P  = 0.018) after ART, both of which had an inverse association trend towards significance with CD4+ T-cell counts. The expression of the activating receptors NKG2C, NKG2D, and NKp46 on CD56dimCD16dim/- NK cell subsets were higher in IRs than that in INRs after 4 years of ART (all P < 0.01). Strong inverse correlations were observed between CD69 expression and NKG2C, NKG2A-NKG2C+, NKG2D, and NKp46 expression on CD56dimCD16dim/- NK cells in INRs after ART (NKG2C: r = -0.491, P = 0.004; NKG2A-NKG2C+: r = -0.434, P = 0.013; NKG2D: r = -0.405, P = 0.021; NKp46: r = -0.457, P = 0.008, respectively).@*CONCLUSIONS@#INRs had a larger number of CD56dimCD16dim/- NK cells characterized by higher activation levels than did IRs after ART. The increase in the CD56dimCD16dim/- NK cell subset may play an adverse role in immune reconstitution. Further functional studies of CD56dimCD16dim/- NK cells in INRs are urgently needed to inform targeted interventions to optimize immune recovery.

Mechanism of β-carboline alkaloids inhibiting migration and invasion of SGC-7901 cells / 中国中药杂志

To explore the mechanism of β-carboline alkaloids inhibiting the migration and invasion of SGC-7901 cells and its correlation with FAK gene expression,CCK-8 method was used to determine the inhibitory rate of β-carboline alkaloids on the proliferation of gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells under different concentrations.The effect of β-carboline alkaloids on the migration and invasion of SGC-7901 cells was used by Transwell compartment.Detection of mRNA and protein expression of FAK genes were used by qRT-PCR and Western blot.Then si-FAK-1051 recombinant plasmid was transfected into SGC-7901 cells.FAK gene silencing effect was identified by qRT-PCR and Western blot technique again.Finally,the effects of FAK gene silencing on proliferation and migration of gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells were detected by CCK-8 kit and Transwell chamber assay respectively.With the increase of the concentration ofβ-carboline alkaloids,the inhibitory rate of SGC-7901 cells in human gastric cancer cells increased gradually,with IC5013.364 mg·L-1.The number of SGC-7901 cells of Transwell compartment in the positive experimental group(5-FU,5 mg·L-1) and the β-carboline alkaloids group decreased significantly(P<0.01) and the number of SGC-7901 cells in the β-carboline alkaloids group was significantly lower than that in the positive experimental group(P<0.01).Compared with the blank control group,the mRNA and protein expression level of FAK genes in the positive experimental group was significantly lower than that in the experimental group of β-carboline alkaloids(P<0.05).After transfection of si-FAK-1051 into gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells,the expression of mRNA and protein of FAK gene was significantly down regulated(P<0.05).SGC-7901 cell proliferation and cell migration ability also decreased significantly(P<0.05).β-carboline alkaloids are more effective than 5-FU in inhibiting migration and invasion of gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells,and the mechanism may be related to the inhibition of mRNA and protein expression of FAK gene by β-carboline alkaloids.

Research on polymorphism of MICA genes in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus in the Han and Lipopulations in Hainan province / 中华检验医学杂志

Objective To investigate the genetic diversity of MICA, and to analyze the correlation between genetic polymorphisms of MICA and T1DM in population of Han and Li nationalities in Hainan province.Methods This study was performed as a case-control study.Fifty-five individuals with T1DM and Fifty-five healthy controls of Han and Li nationalities from Wuzhishan, Lingshui, Qiongzhong, Baisha, Ledong,Changjiang, Dongfang and Haikou regions in Hainan province(35 Male,20 Female of T1DM of Han;28 Male,27 Female of healthy controls of Han; 33 Male,22 Female of T1DM of Li; 28 Male, 27 Female of healthy controls of Li), were enrolled for the study.MICA allelic variation was analyzed by sequencing-based typing(PCR-SBT).Fisher′s exact test was performed to determine the statistical significance of the distribution and allele frequency of MICA.Results In healthy population,11 MICA-sequence and 5 MICA-STR alleles were found in Han nationality, while 13 MICA-sequence and 5 MICA-STR alleles were detected in Li nationality.The MICA-sequence allele MICA*008:01 and the MICA-STR allele MICA-A5 were most frequently observed in Han nationality[30.85%(29/94)and 41.49%(39/94), respectively],while MICA*002:01 and A4 were the most common in Li nationality[21.57%(22/102) and 36%(36/100), respectively].Among patients with T1DM, 10 MICA-sequence and 5 MICA-STR alleles were detected in Han, and 9 MICA-sequence and 5 MICA-STR alleles were found in Li.MICA*002:01 and A9 were most frequently observed in Han[29%(29/100),29.29%(29/99),respectively], while MICA*012:01, MICA*002:01 and the A4 were the most common in Li[21.15%(22/104), 21.15%(22/104),38.24%(39/102), respectively].The allelic frequency of MICA*002:01, MICA*010, MICA-A5, MICA-A6 and MICA-A9 between the healthy population and T 1DM patients of Han nationality(5.32%,22.34%,41.49 %,9.58%,6.38%, respectively in healthy population;29%,7%, 26.26%,2.02%,29.29%, respectively in T1DM patients), exist significant difference(χ2value were 18.799,9.233,5.218,5.197,16.762, respectively.P value were 0.000,0.002, 0.025,0.024,0.000, respectively.all P<0.05),while no significant difference(all P>0.05)between the healthy population and T1DM patients of Li nationality.Conclusions The most common MICA alleles were MICA*008:01 and MICA-A5 in healthy population of Han nationality, while MICA*002:01 and MICA-A4 in healthy population of Li nationality.MICA*002:01 and MICA-A9 were high frequency in T1DM patients of Han population,while the MICA*010,MICA-A5 and MICA-A6 were low frequency.There was not any MICA alleles associated with T1DM in Li nationality.

Analysis of laboratory test results of syphilis antibody from 2011 to 2016 / 中华传染病杂志

Objective To analyze the results of syphilis serology test results among hospitalized patients ,and to investigate the prevalence of syphilis .Methods T he results of syphilis antibody test of 199498 patients of Haikou People′s Hospital from 2011 to 2016 were retrospectively analyzed . All samples were screened by Treponema pallidum (TP) antibody using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) .Syphilis toluidine red unheated serum reagin test (TRUST ) was used to test nontreponemal antibody .The TP-ELISA positive samples were confirmed by Treponema pallidum particle agglutination test (TPPA) .Chi-square test was used for statistical analysis .Results A total of 7616 cases were positive of anti-TP ,with positive rate of 3 .82％ .From 2011 to 2016 ,the annual cases tested were 23188 ,32010 ,35079 ,35734 ,35406 and 38081 ,respectively .The annual positive rates of anti-TP w ere 4 .11％ (952/23188 ) ,3 .94％ (1261/32010 ) ,4 .55％ (1597/35079 ) ,3 .85％ (1376/35734 ) , 3 .47％ (1229/35406) ,and 3 .15％ (1201/38081) ,respectively ,and the difference was statistical significant (χ2 =108 .167 ,P<0 .05) .Anti-TP positive rate in male patients was 4 .85％ (4899 cases) , and 2 .76％ (2717 cases) in female ,and the difference was statistically significant ( χ2 =593 .443 , P<0 .05) .The positive rate of TP antibody in the elderly over 80 years old was 6 .09％ ,and 5 .03％ in patients older than 60 years old .In all samples ,TRUST was positive in 3413 cases (1 .71％ ) .From 2011 to 2016 , the annual positive cases were 179 , 390 , 585 , 768 , 816 and 675 , respectively , with coresponding rates of 0 .77％ ,1 .22％ ,1 .67％ ,2 .15％ ,2 .3％ and 1 .77％ ,respectively .The difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 763 .779 , P< 0 .05) .TRUST was positive in 2022 (2 .01％ ) male patients and 1391 (1 .41％ ) female patients ,and the positive rates were significantly different (χ2 =102 .887 ,P<0 .05) .From 2011 to 2016 ,the annual TRUST positivities among patients -9 years old and -19 years old were not different (χ2 = 1 .198 and 11 .018 ,both P> 0 .05) ,while those among patients aged -29 ,-39 ,-49 ,-59 ,-69 ,-79 ,and ≥80 years old were statistically different (χ2 =20 .100 ,38 .387 ,89 .360 ,75 .874 ,87 .743 ,71 .035 and 30 .593 ,respectively ,all P<0 .05) .Conclusions From 2011 to 2016 ,the positive rates of syphilis is increased and then decreased .And it is significantly different among different genders and age groups .The positive rate in elderly is significantly higher .

Changes in refractive status in high-myopic patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment after vitrectomy combined with cataract surgery / 眼科新进展

Objective To evaluate the changes in refractive state in high-myopic patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment after vitrectomy combined with cataract surgery.Methods Clinical data of 30 patients of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from January 2016 to March 2017 was retrospectively analyzed,and these patients were randomly dividedly into two groups:high myopia (15 patients of 15 eyes) and non high myopia group (15 patients of 15 eyes),in which patients firstly underwent vitrectomy combined with phacoemulsification and silicone oil tamponade,followed by intraocular lens (IOL) implantation after the removal of silicone oil 3 months later.The two groups were continuously followedup for 6 months after IOL implantation.Before vitrectomy,the axial length,corneal curvature were measured for calculating the predictive spherical equivalent (SE).Then axial length and corneal curvature at 1 month,3,6 months after IOL implantation were measured for calculating the actual SE.The best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was recorded before and after operation and the LogMAR was calculated in each groups.The SE,axial length,corneal curvature before vitrectomy and 1 month,3,6 months after IOL implantation were respectively compared in each group.The relationship between the refractive prediction errors and the preoperative axial length in the high myopia group was evaluated.Results The LogMAR visual acuity was improved in both groups,and the difference between before and after treatment was statistically significant (both P ＜0.05).The SE at 1 month,3,6 months after surgery showed significantly myopic shift in the high myopic eyes,and the myopic shift gradually increased with time,with statistically significant at each time point (all P ＜ 0.05),but there was no significant difference in myopic shift between before and after surgery as well as among each time point after surgery in the non-high myopic eyes (P ＞ 0.05).Axial length and corneal curvature at 1 month,3,6 month after surgery in the high myopia group were significantly increased (all P ＜ 0.05),whereas those in the non high myopia group did not change significantly (all P ＞ 0.05).By simple linear regression analysis,the refractive prediction errors had a negative correlation with the preoperative axial length in the high myopia group (R2 =0.580,P =0.001).Conclusion The LogMAR visual acuity after vitrectomy combined with cataract surgery is improved in patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.Postoperative axial length growth and corneal curvature increase are presented in patients with high myopia,and the longer the preoperative axial length is,the more myopic shift the eye shows.

C-Diterpenoid alkaloid arabinosides from an aqueous extract of the lateral root of and their analgesic activities

Eight new C-diterpenoid alkaloid arabinosides, named aconicarmichosides E-L (-), were isolated from an aqueous extract of the lateral roots of (Fu Zi). Their structures were determined by spectroscopic and chemical methods including 2D NMR experiments and acid hydrolysis. Compounds -, together with the previously reported four neoline 14--arabinosides from the same plant, represent the only examples of glycosidic diterpenoid alkaloids so far. At a dose of 1.0 mg/kg (i.p.), as compared with the black control, compounds , , and - exhibited analgesic effects with >65.6% inhibitions against acetic acid-induced writhing of mice. Structure-activity relationship was also discussed.