Meta-analysis of the efficacy and safety of 0.05% cyclosporine A in the treatment of dry eye / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To systematically evaluate the safety and efficacy of 0.05% cyclosporine A(CsA)in the treatment of dry eye.METHODS: PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, Chinese Bio-Medical Literature Database, CNKI, VIP, and Wan Fang Database were retrieved. Randomized controlled trials related to the treatment of dry eye with 0.05%CsA from January 1, 2016 to March 28, 2022 in each database were included. The CsA group was treated with 0.05% CsA eye drops, and the control group was treated with artificial tears and placebo. ReMan 5.3 was used for Meta-analysis of post-treatment Schirmer Ⅰ test(SⅠt), break up time(BUT), corneal fluorescein staining(CFS), ocular surface disease index(OSDI)and adverse effects.RESULTS: A total of 13 literatures were included, which included 1 164 cases(2 057 eyes). Compared with the control group, the SIt in the CsA group was prolonged(MD=2.04, 95%CI: 1.75～2.33, P<0.00001), BUT was longer(MD=1.32, 95%CI: 0.87～1.76, P<0.00001), CFS decreased(MD=-0.79, 95%CI: -1.20～-0.39, P=0.0001)and OSDI decreased(MD=-5.52, 95%CI: -9.14～-1.91, P=0.003). However, the CsA group had more adverse reactions(OR=1.69, 95%CI: 1.06～2.72, P=0.03).CONCLUSION: 0.05% CsA can improve the subjective symptoms and various objective indicators of dry eye patients. However, 0.05% CsA seems to produce more adverse effects, like ocular burning sensation when compared to drugs such as artificial tears.

Impact of completion rates of 3-hour and 6-hour bundle on the prognosis of septic shock patients / 中华危重病急救医学

Objective:To explore the impact of completion rates of 3-hour and 6-hour sepsis bundle therapy on prognosis of patients with septic shock in Prefecture-level grade A hospitals, and analyze the risk factors for prognosis.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted to patients with septic shock in the intensive care unit (ICU) of Liaocheng People's Hospital, Shandong Province from January 1, 2020 to December 31, 2021. The data of gender, age, acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ (APACHE Ⅱ), sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA), sites of infection, pathogenic microorganisms, completion rates of 3-hour and 6-hour sepsis bundle therapy, 28-day prognosis were collected. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify risk factors for patients' mortality at 28-day.Results:① Among 159 patients with septic shock, 93 survived and 66 died with 28-day. There were no significant differences in gender and age between the survival group and death group. Compared with the survival group, APACHE Ⅱ score and SOFA score were significantly higher in the death group [APACHE Ⅱ score: 26.85±5.04 vs. 20.67±4.29, SOFA score: 12.86±3.02 vs. 9.37±2.51, both P < 0.05]. ② Sites of infection in the 159 patients: 47 cases were abdominal infection (29.6%), 36 case were bloodstream infection (22.6%), 31 cases were pulmonary infection (19.5%), 16 cases were soft tissue infection (10.1%), 13 cases were urinary tract infection (8.2%), 12 cases were biliary tract infection (7.5%), and 4 cases were other sites infection (2.5%). Pathogens were found in 128 cases and the positive rate was 80.5%, including 90 cases of Gram-negative (G -) bacilli (56.6%), 27 cases of Gram-positive (G +) cocci (17.0%) and 11 cases of fungi (6.9%). The top three pathogenic bacteria were Escherichia coli (49 cases, 30.8%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (21 cases, 13.2%) and Staphylococcus aureus (15 cases, 9.4%). The differences were not statistically significant. ③ Among the 159 patients, 101 cases completed 3-hour sepsis bundle therapy (63.5%), including 67 cases (72.0%) in survival group and 34 cases (51.5%) in death group; 106 cases completed 6-hour sepsis bundle therapy (66.7%), including 70 cases (75.3%) in survival group and 36 cases (54.5%) in death group. The differences between the two groups were statistically significant (all P < 0.05). ④ The factors (APACHE Ⅱ score, SOFA score and completion rate of 3-hour and 6-hour sepsis bundle therapy) affecting the prognosis in the univariate analysis were included in the binary Logistic regression analysis, and the results showed that the APACHE Ⅱ score, SOFA score, completion rate of 3-hour sepsis bundle therapy were independent risk factors affecting mortality within 28-day [odds ratio ( OR) was 1.216, 1.303, 0.402, all P < 0.05]. Conclusions:The higher APACHE Ⅱ score and SOFA score in septic shock, the worse the prognosis. Improving the completion rates of 3-hour and 6-hour bundle therapy especially the completion rate of 3-hour bundle therapy can reduce the mortality of patients and improve the prognosis.

Study on protective effects of Shiyifang medicinal wine on knee osteoarthritis in rabbits based on TLR 4/MyD88/ NF-кB signaling pathway / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To study the protective effect and mechanism of Shiyifang medicinal wine （SYF） on knee osteoarthritis（KOA）of rabbit induced by papain . METHODS Thirty-five rabbits were randomly divided into blank group ，model group，positive group （Diclofenac diethylamine emulsion 200 mg/kg），SYF high -dose group （386 mg/kg）and SYF low -dose group（97 mg/kg），with 7 rabbits in each group （all had 4 males and 3 females）. Except for the blank group ，the other groups ’ rabbits were injected 0.5 mL papain mixture （containing 2% papain and 0.03 mol/L L -cysteine）into the right knee cavity on day 1， 4 and 7，to replicate KOA model . Blank group was given constant volume of normal saline . From the 15th day ，drugs were applied to right hind knee joints of rabbits in each group ，twice a day for 20 days. At the same time ，the diameter of right knee joints of rabbits was measured by vernier calipers at day 0，8，14 and 35 to calculate swelling degree . After the experiment ，the levels of IL-1β，TNF-α and PGE 2 in synovial tissue were determined by enzyme -linked immunosorbent assay . Hematoxylin-eosin（HE） staining was used to prepare the sections of synovial tissue ，and the pathological changes were observed . The relative mRNA expressions of TLR 4，MyD88 and NF - кB p 65 in the TLR 4/MyD88/NF- кB signaling pathway were detected by real -time quantitative polymerase chain reaction . The relative protein expressions of TLR 4，MyD88，NF-кB p 65 and p -NF-кB p 65 were detect by Western blot . RESULTS Compared with blank group，the degree of knee swelling could be increased in model group ，the pathological damage of synovial tissue was more serious ，and the levels of IL -1β，TNF-α and PGE 2 were increased significantly in synovial tissue （P＜0.05）. The relative expression levels of TLR 4，MyD88，NF-кB p 65 mRNAs and TLR 4，MyD88，p-NF-кB p 65 proteins were significantly increased（P＜0.05）. Compared with model group ，swelling degree of right hind knee and the pathological injury degree of synovial tissue were significantly improved in each treatment group ，while the levels of IL -1β，TNF-α and PGE 2 in synovial tissue were significantly decreased （P＜0.05）. The relative mRNA expressions of TLR 4，MyD88 and NF -кB p 65 and relative protein expressions of TLR 4，MyD88（except for SYF low -dose group ）and p -NF-кB p 65 were all significantly decreased （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS SYF shows protective effect on KOA induced by papain ，the mechanism of which is associated with decreasing the levels of IL -1β，TNF-α and PGE 2 and down -regulating TLR 4/MyD88/NF-кB signaling pathway .

Prevention and treatment strategy for deviation of costal cartilage dorsal onlay graft in rhinoplasty / 中华医学美学美容杂志

Objective:To investigate the prevention and treatment for deviation of costal cartilage dorsal onlay grafts in rhinoplasty.Methods:From January 2010 to October 2020, a total of 588 patients (83 male cases, 505 female cases, age range from 25 years to 55 years, 32±4 years in average) accepted costal cartilage rhinoplasty in Shenzhen Mylike Medical Plastic Aesthetic Hospital. During the operation, various methods were used in the process of catilage selection, water bath, sculpture, treatment of nasal dorsal, graft fixation and fascial modification to prevent and treat the deformation and displacement of the costal cartilage dorsal onlay grafts.Results:The immediate postoperative photograph of 588 cases showed that costal cartilage dorsal onlay graft was put on the middle of dorsum. After a follow-up period of 396 cases from 6 to 60 months, the average follow-up period was 12.1 months, there were 44 cases happened with the deviation of dorsal onlay grafts, and deviation was managed after the second rhinoplasty surgery. There was no prolonged function sequela such as ventilation dysfunction, abnormal sensation, or hyposmia occured. 362 cases were satisfied with the aesthetic effect.Conclusions:It is particularly important to grasp the principles of managing costal cartilage in rhinoplasty and to learn how to prevent and treat postoperative complications of costal cartilage dorsal onlay graft.

Correlation between glycemic variability and glycosylated hemoglobin level during follow-up in elderly male patients with type 2 diabetes in Beijing / 中华内科杂志

Objective:To investigate the relationship between glycemic variability and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level during follow-up in elderly male patients with type 2 diabetes.Methods:Retrospective cohort study. A total of 200 elderly male patients who received continuous glucose monitoring from January 2007 to January 2011 were recruited in the Second Medical Center of PLA General Hospital. The subjects were divided into two groups according to baseline mean amplitude of glycaemic excursion (MAGE) level, including MAGE <3.9 mmol/L group ( n=114) and MAGE ≥3.9 mmol/L group ( n=86). The correlation between baseline MAGE and mean HbA1c during follow-up were evaluated by univariate Pearson correlation analysis and multivariate linear regression analysis. Results:Baseline characteristics including age, body mass index, waist circumference, smoking, drinking, fasting blood glucose, blood lipid and blood pressure were comparable between MAGE <3.9 mmol/L group and MAGE ≥3.9 mmol/L group. The average follow-up period was 12.5 years. The mean HbA1c during follow-up in MAGE ≥3.9 mmol/L group was significantly higher than that in MAGE <3.9 mmol/L group (7.23%±0.72% vs. 6.91%±0.77%, t=-2.94, P=0.004). The proportion of mean HbA1c <7.0% during follow-up in MAGE ≥3.9 mmol/L group was 44.2% (38/86), which was significantly lower than that in MAGE <3.9 mmol/L group [60.5% (69/114), χ 2=5.26, P=0.022]. In univariate analysis, MAGE at baseline was correlated with the mean HbA1c during follow-up ( r=0.306, P<0.001). Multivariate linear regression analysis suggested that the baseline MAGE remained an independent influential factor of mean HbA1c ( β=0.09, 95% CI: 0.03 to 0.15, P=0.006, R2=0.31) after several confounding factors were adjusted. Conclusions:With the increased glycemic variability at baseline, mean HbA1c level during follow-up is accordingly elevated. The glycemic variability at baseline is independently related to mean HbA1c level during follow-up in elderly male patients with type 2 diabetes.

China guideline for the screening and early detection of prostate cancer (2022, Beijing) / 中华肿瘤杂志

Prostate cancer (PC) is one of the malignant tumors of the genitourinary system that occurs more often in elderly men. Screening, early diagnosis, and treatment of the PC high risk population are essential to improve the cure rate of PC. The development of the guideline for PC screening and early detection in line with epidemic characteristics of PC in China will greatly promote the homogeneity and quality of PC screening. This guideline was commissioned by the Bureau of Disease Control and Prevention of the National Health Commission. The National Cancer Center of China initiated and convened a working group comprising multidisciplinary experts. This guideline strictly followed the World Health Organization Handbook for Guideline Development and combined the most up-to-date evidence of PC screening, China's national conditions, and practical experience in cancer screening. A total of fifteen detailed evidence-based recommendations were provided with respect to the screening population, technology, procedure management, and quality control in the process of PC screening. This guideline aimed to standardize the practice of PC screening and improve the effectiveness and efficiency of PC prevention and control in China.

The normal values of water-perfused high resolution esophageal manometry: a multicenter study / 中华消化杂志

Objective:To establish the normal values of water-perfused high resolution esophageal manometry (HREM)(GAP-36A) at resting period, water swallowing, semisolid swallowing and solid swallowing in Chinese population.Methods:From September 1, 2019 to June 30, 2020, 91 healthy volunteers receiving water-perfused HREM (GAP-36A) at resting period, water swallowing, semisolid swallowing and solid swallowing were selected from 9 hospitals (Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology; the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University; the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University; the Second Affiliated Hospital, Naval Medical University; the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; the First Affiliated Hospital, University of Science and Technology of China; Aviation General Hospital of China Medical University; the Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Nanjing University and the First People′s Hospital of Yichang). Parameters included the position of the upper and lower edges of the upper esophageal sphincter (UES) and lower esophageal sphincter (LES), the length of the LES and UES, the position of the pressure inversion point (PIP), the resting pressure of UES and LES and swallow-related parameters such as the distal contraction integral (DCI), 4 s integrated relaxation pressure (IRP), distal latency (DL) and UES residual pressure. One-way analysis of variance, post-hoc test and sum rank test were used for statistical analysis.Results:A total of 87 healthy volunteers were enrolled, including 40 males and 47 females, aged (38.5±14.2) years old (ranged from 19 to 65 years old). The position of the upper and lower edges of the LES was (42.7±2.8) and (45.6±2.8) cm, respectively, the length of the LES was (2.9±0.4) cm, and the position of PIP was (43.3±2.8) cm. The position of the upper and lower edges of the UES was (18.1±3.0) and (22.6±2.0) cm, respectively, and the length of the UES was (4.8±1.0) cm. The resting pressure of LES and UES was (17.4±10.7) and (84.1±61.1) mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa), respectively. The DCI value at solid swallowing was higher than those at water swallowing and semisolid swallowing ((2 512.4±1 448.0) mmHg·s·cm vs. (2 183.2±1 441.2) and (2 150.8±1 244.8) mmHg·s·cm), and the differences were statistically significant ( t=-4.30 and -3.74, both P<0.001). The values of 4 s IRP at semisolid swallowing and solid swallowing were lower than that at water swallowing ((4.6±4.1) and (4.9±3.9) mmHg vs. (5.4±3.9) mmHg), and the differences were statistically significant ( t=3.38 and 2.09, P=0.001 and 0.037). The DL at water swallowing was shorter than those at semisolid swallowing and solid swallowing ((8.5±1.8) s vs. (9.8±2.2) and (10.6±2.8) s), and the DL at semisolid swallowing was shorter than that at solid swallowing, and the differences were statistically significant ( t=-10.21, -13.91 and -4.68, all P<0.001). The UES residual pressure at water swallowing was higher than those at semisolid swallowing and solid swallowing (9.5 mmHg, 6.5 to 12.3 mmHg vs. 8.0 mmHg, 4.5 to 11.7 mmHg and 5.5 mmHg, 2.0 to 9.3 mmHg), and the UES residual pressure at semisolid swallowing was higher than that at solid swallowing, and the differences were statistically significant ( t=3.48, 10.30 and 6.35, all P<0.001). Conclusions:The normal values of water-perfused HREM (GAP-36A) in Chinese population at resting period, water swallowing, semisolid swallowing and solid swallowing can provide a reference basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment for patients receiving water-perfused HREM examination.

China guideline for the screening, early detection and early treatment of gastric cancer (2022, Beijing) / 中华肿瘤杂志

Gastric cancer (GC) is a major digestive tract malignancy in China, which seriously threatens the health of Chinese population. A large number of researches have demons-trated that screening, early detection and early treatment are effective in reducing the incidence and mortality of GC. The development of the guideline for GC screening, early detection and early treatment in line with epidemic characteristics of GC in China will greatly promote the homogeneity and standardization, and improve the effect of GC screening. This guideline was commissioned by the Bureau of Disease Control and Prevention of the National Health Commission. The National Cancer Center of China initiated and convened a working group comprising multidisciplinary experts. Following the World Health Organization Handbook for Guideline Development, this guideline combined the most up-to-date evidence of GC screening, China's national conditions, and practical experience in cancer screening. This guideline provided evidence-based recommendations with respect to the screening population, technology and procedure management, aiming to improve the effect of GC screening and provide scientific evidence for the GC prevention and control in China.

China guideline for the screening, early detection and early treatment of esophageal cancer (2022, Beijing) / 中华肿瘤杂志

Esophageal cancer (EC) is a major digestive tract malignancy in China, which seriously threatens the health of Chinese population. A large number of researches have demonstrated that screening and early detection are effective in reducing the incidence and mortality of EC. The development of the guideline for EC screening and early detection in line with epidemic characteristics of EC in China will greatly promote the homogeneity and standardization, and improve the effect of EC screening. This guideline was commissioned by the Bureau of Disease Control and Prevention of the National Health Commission. The National Cancer Center of China initiated and convened a working group comprising multidisciplinary experts. Following the World Health Organization Handbook for Guideline Development, this guideline combined the most up-to-date evidence of EC screening, China's national conditions, and practical experience in cancer screening. This guideline provided evidence-based recommendations with respect to the screening population, technology and procedure management, aiming to improve the effect of EC screening and provide scientific evidence for the EC prevention and control in China.

Analysis of disease composition and outcome of patients in intensive care department of 3A hospitals: analysis of 3 249 cases in the department of Liaocheng People's Hospital from 2019 to 2021 / 中华危重病急救医学

Objective:To provide the basis and direction for the establishment of the database of severe patients by analyizing of the disease composition and outcome of patients in the department of critical care medicine of the 3A hospital.Methods:The clinical data of 3 249 patients admitted to the department of critical care medicine of Liaocheng People's Hospital from January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2021 were retrospectively analyzed, including gender, age, admission time, admission route, diagnosis, acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ (APACHE Ⅱ) score 24 hours after admission, outcome and other information.Results:The mean age of 3 249 patients was (61.99±18.29) years old, and the proportion of young and old patients aged 60-74 years accounted the largest (34.01%). There were more males (1 800 cases) than females (1 449 cases). The most patients were admitted in January (119 cases) and the least in March (75 cases). The top eight diseases in the department of critical care medicine were respiratory system diseases (21.88%), multiple injuries (12.65%), cardiovascular system diseases (11.48%), gastrointestinal surgery diseases (9.42%), pathological obstetrics (7.76%), digestive system diseases (7.63%), urinary system diseases (5.69%) and nervous system diseases (5.23%). Among 3 249 critically ill patients, 54.36% (1 766 cases) were transferred to the general ward for treatment after improvement, with APACHE Ⅱ score was 17.99±5.51. 15.91% (517 cases) returned to local hospital for further treatment after improvement, APACHE Ⅱ score was 22.48±6.57. 1.51% (49 cases) were transferred to superior hospitals, APACHE Ⅱ score was 21.71±5.18. 24.22% (787 cases) were discharged automatically, APACHE Ⅱ score was 25.64±5.45. 4.00% (130 cases) died in intensive care unit (ICU), APACHE Ⅱ score was 29.08±8.10. The APACHE Ⅱ score of patients who died in ICU was higher than that of patients who were transferred to another department, another hospital or discharged automatically after their condition improved, and the differences were statistically significant (all P < 0.001). Among 3 249 patients, a total of 1 265 patients were admitted to ICU for sepsis caused by aggravated infection, and 44.43% (562 cases) of the 1 265 patients improved to the general ward after treatment, with APACHE Ⅱ score was 18.99±5.46. 19.21% (243 cases) returned to local hospital after treatment with APACHE Ⅱ score was 22.79±6.74. 1.50% (19 cases) were transferred to superior hospitals for further treatment with APACHE Ⅱ score was 21.21±4.81. 31.54% (399 cases) were discharged automatically with APACHE Ⅱ score was 25.55±4.84; 3.32% (42 cases) died in ICU with APACHE Ⅱ score was 27.69±7.92. The APACHE Ⅱ score of patients who died in ICU was higher than that of patients who were transferred to another department, another hospital or discharged automatically after their condition improved, and the difference was statistically significant (all P < 0.001). Conclusions:Among the patient admitted to ICU 2019-2021 in Liaocheng People's Hospital, respiratory system diseases accounted for the first, multiple injuries accounted for the second place, followed by cardiovascular system diseases, gastrointestinal surgery diseases, pathological obstetrics, etc. Males and elderly patients aged 60-74 years have a higher proportion of severe cases. APACHE Ⅱ scores were associated with patients' prognosis.

The creation and application of entity teaching model of medical physics—taking hemodynamics as example / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Hemodynamics is a branch of fluid mechanics, which mainly studies the physiological process of circulatory system from the perspective of mechanics, and has a wide range of applications in medicine. The entity teaching model is made to help medical students master the knowledge of hemodynamics more easily and intuitively by showing them the phenomenon of laminar flow, turbulence and axial concentration of red blood cells. And then we check their learning effect by questionnaires. Students are interested in the entity teaching model that the teacher has used in the class. Thus, the entity teaching model can play an important role in the teaching process.

Quantitative Classification of Murraya paniculata Leaf Traits and Endogenous Hormone Contents Analysis / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To carry out germplasm resource evaluation and new variety breeding of <italic>Murraya paniculata</italic> and improve the germplasm quality， so as to ensure the demand， yield and quality of medicinal materials. Method:Following resource investigation and collection， 17 traits of 107 <italic>M. paniculata</italic> germplasm samples， like plant type， basal diameter， leaf shape， leaf length， and leaf width were determined and then subjected to principal component analysis and factor analysis for screening the principal component factors. Nine primary traits were selected as variables for further cluster analysis using Ward's method and Euclidean distance. According to the characteristics of medicinal parts， the core germplasms were screened out. Then the contents of auxin， zeatin， zeatin nucleoside， isopentenyl adenine， isopentenyl adenine riboside， dihydrozeatin， and dihydrozeatinriboside in the leaves were measured by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry （UPLC-MS/MS）， followed by their correlation analysis with agronomic trait. Result:The variation coefficients of petiole length， branching number， and basal diameter were large. The nine main factors could be classified into four categories， with a contribution rate of 72.822%. The cluster analysis with Ward's method and Euclidean distance showed that 107 germplasm samples were clustered into six clusters and 61 core germplasms were identified. Such traits as leaf length， leaf width， petiole length， leaf surface， and petiole color were found to play an important role in the classification of <italic>M. paniculata</italic> germplasms. The content of zeatin nucleoside exhibited significant positive correlations with leaf length （<italic>P</italic><0.01）， petiole length （<italic>P</italic><0.01）， and leaf width （<italic>P</italic><0.05）. Conclusion:These results have laid the foundation for further selection and breeding of <italic>M. paniculata</italic> new varieties.

Performance of loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay for detection of Schistosoma japonicum infection in Oncomelania snails in schistosomiasis transmission-interrupted regions / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To compare the effectiveness of loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay and microscopic examinations for detection of Schistosoma japonicum infections in Oncomelania hupensis in transmission-interrupted regions, so as to provide insights into the optimization of snail surveillance tools in these regions. Methods Four hilly schistosomiasis-endemic villages where transmission interruption was achieved were selected in Heqing County of Yunnan Province as the study villages, including Xinzhuang and Gule villages in hilly regions and Lianyi and Yitou villages in dam regions. Snail survey was performed by means of systematic sampling combined with environmental sampling in July 2018. All captured snails were identified for S. japonicum infections using microscopy. In addition, 10 to 20 snails were randomly sampled from each snail habitat following microscopy, numbered according to environments and subjected to LAMP assay. The positive rate of settings with S. japonicum-infected snails was compared among villages. Results A total of 7 949 living snails were captured from 83 snail habitats in 4 villages, and no S. japonicum infection was detected in snails. There were 226 mixed samples containing 1 786 snails subjected to LAMP assay, and positive LAMP assay was found in 3 mixed samples from 3 snail habitats in 2 dam villages. The positive rates of settings with S. japonicum-infected snails were comparable between Lianyi Village (one setting) and Yitou Village (2 set tings) (5.89% vs. 14.29%, P = 0.344). However, the overall positive rate of settings with S. japonicum-infected snails was significantly higher in dam villages (9.67%, 3/31) than in hilly villages (0) (P = 0.048). Conclusions LAMP assay is more sensitive to detect S. japonicum infections in O. hupensis than conventional microcopy method, which may serve as a supplementary method for detection of S. japonicum infections in O. hupensis in high-risk snail habitats in hilly transmission-interrupted regions.

Expert Consensus for Thermal Ablation of Pulmonary Subsolid Nodules (2021 Edition) / 中国肺癌杂志

"The Expert Group on Tumor Ablation Therapy of Chinese Medical Doctor Association, The Tumor Ablation Committee of Chinese College of Interventionalists, The Society of Tumor Ablation Therapy of Chinese Anti-Cancer Association and The Ablation Expert Committee of the Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology" have organized multidisciplinary experts to formulate the consensus for thermal ablation of pulmonary subsolid nodules or ground-glass nodule (GGN). The expert consensus reviews current literatures and provides clinical practices for thermal ablation of GGN. The main contents include: (1) clinical evaluation of GGN, (2) procedures, indications, contraindications, outcomes evaluation and related complications of thermal ablation for GGN and (3) future development directions.
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3D digital image microscope system-assisted vasovasostomy and vasoepididymostomy in rats / 亚洲男科学杂志(英文版)

Optimal vision and ergonomics are essential factors contributing to the achievement of good results during microsurgery. The three-dimensional (3D) digital image microscope system with a better 3D depth of field can release strain on the surgeon's neck and back, which can improve outcomes in microsurgery. We report a randomized prospective study of vasoepididymostomy and vasovasostomy using a 3D digital image microscope system (3D-DIM) in rats. A total of 16 adult male rats were randomly divided into two groups of 8 each: the standard operating microscope (SOM) group and the 3D-DIM group. The outcomes measured included the operative time, real-time postoperative mechanical patency, and anastomosis leakage. Furthermore, a user-friendly microscope score was designed to evaluate the ergonomic design and equipment characteristics of the microscope. There were no differences in operative time between the two groups. The real-time postoperative mechanical patency rates were 100.0% for both groups. The percentage of vasoepididymostomy anastomosis leakage was 16.7% in the SOM group and 25.0% in the 3D-DIM group; however, no vasovasostomy anastomosis leakage was found in either group. In terms of the ergonomic design, the 3D-DIM group obtained better scores based on the surgeon's feelings; in terms of the equipment characteristics, the 3D-DIM group had lower scores for clarity and higher scores for flexibility and adaptivity. Based on our randomized prospective study in a rat model, we believe that the 3D-DIM can improve surgeon comfort without compromising outcomes in male infertility reconstructive microsurgery, so the 3D-DIM might be widely used in the future.

Overview of systematic reviews on Shenmai Injection in prevention and treatment of diseases / 中国中药杂志

To summarize and evaluate the efficacy and safety of Shenmai Injection in the treatment of viral myocarditis, shock, pulmonary heart disease, coronary heart disease, neutropenia and tumor chemotherapy, so as to provide supportive evidences for clinical rational use of Shenmai Injection. By searching literatures about studies on the systematic reviews on Shenmai Injection in treatment of viral myocarditis, shock, pulmonary heart disease, coronary heart disease, neutropenia and tumor chemotherapy from the main Chinese and English databases. Primary efficacy and safety outcome measures were selected for comparative analysis and summary, and the appraisal tool of AMSTAR 2 was used to evaluate the included studies.A total of 36 systematic reviews(published from 2005 to 2020) were included, involving viral myocarditis, shock, pulmonary heart disease, malignant tumor and coronary heart disease. The number of cases included in each type of the above diseases was 3 840, 2 484, 12 702, 28 036 and 27 082, respectively. The comparison results showed that, Shenmai Injection combined with conventional/western medicine treatment groups had better efficacy than conventional/western medicine groups alone in the prevention and treatment of the above five diseases. The main adverse reactions of Shenmai Injection reported in the included studies were facial flushing, rash, palpitation, etc., but the incidence was low and the general symptoms were mild, so no special treatment was needed. Therefore, the application of Shenmai Injection on the basis of conventional treatment or western medicine treatment had better prevention and treatment efficacy of the diseases. It was suggested that more multi-center and larger sample-size randomized controlled trials should be carried out in the future, and the relevant reporting standards should be strictly followed in systematic reviews, so as to improve the scientificity and transparency of the study.

Overview of systematic reviews on Shuxuening Injection / 中国中药杂志

This study aimed to analyze the methodological quality of systematic reviews of Shuxuening Injection and evaluate the efficacy and adverse reactions of Shuxuening Injection in the treatment of different diseases,in order to provide supportive evidence for clinical practice. Three Chinese databases and three English databases were retrieved to identify systematic reviews and Meta-analysis on the efficacy and safety of Shuxuening Injection in the treatment of diseases. The AMSTAR 2( a measurement tool to assess systematic reviews 2) tool was used to evaluate the methodological quality of the included systematic reviews,and tables were created to present the results of Meta-analyses. Twenty-four systematic reviews were included,all with very low methodological quality. Among the 16 AMSTAR-2 items,only 5 items had a compliance rate greater than 60. 0%,and 8 items had a compliance rate less than 50. 0%. For patients with cerebral infarction,Shuxuening Injection combined with conventional treatment was more effective than conventional treatment alone in terms of clinical efficiency and neurological deficit improvement. For patients with angina pectoris,Shuxuening Injection was superior to Danshen/Compound Danshen Injection in terms of the total effective rate of angina pectoris and total effective rate of ECG. The efficacy of Shuxuening Injection combined with conventional treatment is significantly better than conventional treatment.Shuxuening Injection( alone or combined with conventional treatments) was better than conventional treatments for cerebral hemorrhage,ischemic cerebrovascular disease,chronic pulmonary heart disease,vertigo and sudden deafness. Shuxuening Injection had better efficacy and lower incidence of adverse reactions,but the methodological quality of included systematic reviews was low. The results of this study still need to be verified by high-quality systematic reviews.

Overview of systematic reviews of Qingkailing Injection / 中国中药杂志

Qingkailing Injection is one of the most commonly used traditional Chinese medicine injections with significant clinical application for the treatment of multiple diseases. This study aims to analyze the systematic reviews( SRs) of Qingkailing Injection,in order to provide reference for the clinical application of Qingkailing Injection and the development of relevant clinical practice guidelines. We searched CNKI,CBM,Wanfang,VIP,Pub Med,Cochrane Library and EMbase to collect SRs from the time of database establishment to August 2020. The eligible SRs were included according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. AMSTAR 2 was used to assess the methodological quality. The diseases,drugs in combinations and results were extracted and analyzed. A total of 24 SRs were selected,including 10 for the treatment of acute cerebrovascular diseases,9 for respiratory infections,2 for viral hepatitis,1 for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,and two for the adverse effects of Qingkailing Injection. Only three entries of AMSTAR 2 item were fully reported by over 70%,and the rest were reported by less than 70%,with no report about item 2,3 and 10. Twenty-nine outcome indicators were correlated with the included SRs,of which three mostly frequent outcomes were effectiveness,adverse reaction,and neurological deficit scores,showing a good efficacy of Qingkailing Injection. The common severe adverse reaction was anaphylaxis,and mild adverse reactions were skin and mucous membrane reactions. The most frequently combined drug was antibiotics,mainly Penicillin and Penicillin+Pioneeromycin. The existing evidences showed that the methodological quality of SRs of Qingkailing Injection needed to be improved and Qingkailing Injection had an obvious efficacy. However,the selection of outcome indicators for clinical trials and SRs shall be standardized,and the reporting of basic information,such as drug combination,shall be strengthened to provide more powerful clinical services.

Clinical Efficacy of Magui Wenjingtang Combined with Shoulder Joint Loosening Operation in Treating Periarthritis of Shoulder with Syndrome of Blood Deficiency and Cold Coagulation / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective::To explore the clinical efficacy of Magui Wenjingtang combined with joint mobilization in the treatment of periarthritis of the shoulder and the effect on hemodynamics and serum pain media. Method::A total of 120 patients with scapulohumeral periarthritis were enrolled in Tianjin Ninghe Hospital from July 2016 to July 2018.All cases were divided into control group and observation group, with 60 patients in each group. The control group received shoulder joint loosening operation (qd), and celecoxib capsules for oral administration. The observation group was treated with Magui Wenjingtang in addition to the shoulder joint loosening operation, 1 dose/d, 2 times/d. After 4 weeks of continuous treatment, the subjects were compared for the subjective pain level McGill Pain Questionnaire (SF-MPQ) score, shoulder mobility hemodynamic changes, and serum prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), substance P (SP), serotonin (5-HT) level and clinical efficacy. Result::Compared with before treatment, visual pain score (VAS), current pain status (PPI), and pain rating index (PRI) scores of the two groups were significantly lower after 4 weeks of treatment, and those of the observation group was significantly lower than the control group (P<0.01). The range of shoulder joint activity was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.01), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), fibrinogen (Fb), whole blood viscosity and serum were compared between the two groups after 4 weeks of treatment and before treatment. The levels of PGE2, SP and 5-HT were significantly lower (P<0.01), and the observation group was significantly better than the control group (P<0.01). The total effective rate of the observation group was 96.61%(57/59), which was significantly higher than 82.76% (48/58) of the control group(χ2=4.685, P<0.05). Conclusion::Magui Wenjingtang combined with shoulder joint loosening operation in treating periarthritis of shoulder with syndrome of blood deficiency and cold coagulation can effectively improve the pain and shoulder joint mobility, increase the curative effect, and improve the hemodynamics, and down-regulatie pain mediator of PGE2, SP, 5-HT, which may be related to the curative effect.

Research on the construction and application of digital question databaseof medical physics / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective:Through constructing an online question database of medical physics, teachers and students can make use of the Internet to realize interaction in or after class, so students' ability of independent learning and the quality of teaching can be improved.Methods:Based on teaching outlines, the type, quantity and difficulty of the test questions were discussed and determined by teachers in the teaching and research office, and the online question database of medical physics was constructed with the help of Internet platform to realize self-testing and teacher-student interaction.Results:Through the construction and application of online question database, students' learning initiative was mobilized, the effectiveness of teacher-student interaction was improved, and empirical materials for teaching formation evaluation were obtained. Self-examination and teacher-student interaction help improve students independent learning and problem solving ability. And data generated on the platform enable teachers to know students' learning situation and their teaching quality.Conclusion:The construction and application of Internet + digital online question database of medical physics can greatly promote the teaching effect.