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OBJECTIVE@#Campylobacter jejuni NCTC11168 is commonly used as a standard strain for flagellar biosynthesis research. In this report, two distinguished phenotypic isolates (CJ1Z, flhA mutant strain, lawn; CJ2S, flhA complemented strain, normal colony) appeared during laboratory passages for NCTC11168.@*METHODS@#Phenotypic assessments, including motility plates, transmission electron microscopy, biofilm formation assay, autoagglutination assay, and genome re-sequencing for these two isolates (CJ1Z, flhA mutant strain; CJ2S, flhA complemented strain) were carried out in this study.@*RESULTS@#Transmission electron microscopy revealed that the flagellum was lost in CJ1Z. Phenotypic assessments and genome sequencing of the two isolates were performed in this study. The capacity for biofilm formation, colony auto-agglutination, and isolate motility was reduced in the mutant CJ1Z. Comparative genomic analysis indicated a unique native nucleotide insertion in flhA (nt, 2154) that caused the I719Y and I720Y mutations and early truncation in flhA.@*CONCLUSION@#FlhA has been found to influence the expression of flagella in C. jejuni. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to describe the function of the C-terminal of this protein.
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Campylobacter jejuni/genetics , Bacterial Proteins/metabolism , Mutation , Biological Variation, PopulationABSTRACT
Because the classification system of radical surgery for rectal cancer has not been established, it is impossible to select the appropriate surgical method according to the clinical stage of the tumor. In this paper, we explained the theory of " four fasciae and three spaces " of pelvic membrane anatomy and then combined this theory with the membrane anatomical basis of Querleu-Morrow classification for radical cervical cancer resection. Based on this theory and the membrane anatomy of Querleu-Morrow classification of radical cervical cancer resection, we proposed a new classification system of radical rectal cancer surgery based on membrane anatomy according to the lateral lymph node dissection range of the rectum. This system classifies the surgery into four types (ABCD) and defines corresponding subtypes based on whether the autonomic nerve was preserved. Among them, type A surgery is total mesorectal excision (TME) with urogenital fascia preservation, type B surgery is classical TME, type C surgery is extended TME, and type D surgery is lateral extended resection. This classification system unifies the anatomical terminology of the pelvic membrane, validates the feasibility of using the " four fasciae and three fascial spaces " theory to classify rectal cancer surgery, and lays the theoretical foundation for the future development of a unified and standardized classification of radical pelvic tumor surgery.
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Female , Humans , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms , Rectal Neoplasms/pathology , Rectum/anatomy & histology , Pelvis/innervation , ProctectomyABSTRACT
The discovery of regulatory cell death has led to new breakthroughs in the field of disease treatment. As a novel discovered regulatory cell death in the past decade, ferroptosis is characterized by abnormal increase of intracellular iron ions and peroxidative damage of cell membrane lipids, morphological features of mitochondrial volume reduction, increased mitochondrial membrane density, as well as mitochondria decrease or disappear. The mechanism of ferroptosis is mainly associated with factors such as iron metabolism disorder, lipid metabolism abnormality, amino acid antioxidant system imbalance and oxidative stress. Since the liver is the main organ of human body for storing iron ions, it is necessary to deeply investigate the mechanism of ferroptosis in liver diseases. Relevant studies have shown that ferroptosis plays different roles in various liver diseases and is closely related to the process of liver diseases, including drug-induced liver injury, alcoholic fatty liver disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases, viral hepatitis, liver fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The aim of this review is to link ferroptosis and liver diseases, concentrating on the iron metabolism disorder, accumulation of lipid peroxides in cell membranes, imbalance of amino acid antioxidant system, hyperpolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential and its accumulation of lipid peroxides, oxidative stress-related transcription factors and other aspects. This review summarizes the regulatory mechanism, current situation and the roles of ferroptosis in liver diseases, in order to provide a new theoretical basis and ideas for the in-depth study of ferroptosis and the treatment of liver diseases.
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@#Promoting the construction of healthy enterprises in the China's coal industry will help coal enterprises to fulfill their , , legal and social responsibilities contribute to the construction of healthy cities and protect the health of occupational , , individuals from various aspects. In recent years the patriotic health campaign the health promotion project of industrial and , , , mining enterprises the construction of standardized management system of coal mine safety the construction of green mines and the construction project of staff quality have laid the foundation for the construction of healthy enterprises in China's coal , industry. However the development of coal industry in China is unbalanced and insufficient. There are many problems such as a , general lack of professional talents the exist of a large number of small coal mines and the underprivileged technology of coal , , , mining poor working environment in underground coal mines many occupational hazards in workplace and relatively few special incentive measures for the construction of healthy enterprises in the coal industry. It is recommended that coal , enterprises with advanced productivity take the lead to demonstrate coal mine industry construction actively promote advanced , , and applicable technology and equipment steadily improve the professional level of coal industry workers comprehensively , , improve the environment of mining areas strengthen the monitoring and treatment of occupational hazards improve and , - implement special incentive measures for healthy enterprises and comprehensively promote the high quality development of coal industry and the construction of healthy enterprises. So as to effectively protect the health occupational rights and interests of workers and provide assistance for occupational health work in the new era.
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The main form of fetal long bone development is endochondral ossification. In recent years, studies have shown that the mother during pregnancy with bad environmental exposure to high levels of endogenous glucocorticoid (GC) and premature use of artificial synthetic GC can go through the placenta into the fetal body, cause fetal blood GC levels, leading to intrauterine retardation, and affect fetal cartilage ossification. This effect can extend beyond birth and even into old age, leading to susceptibility and heritability of osteoporosis in offsprings. This review summarizes the current status of glucocorticoid exposure during pregnancy, summarizes the short-term and long-term effects of intrauterine GC exposure on long bone development in offsprings, and explains the possible mechanism of intrauterine endocrine programming, which lays a theoretical foundation for the prevention and treatment of fetal bone diseases caused by GC exposure during pregnancy and the future research direction of developmental diseases.
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Objective:To investigate the effect of compatibility of Anemarrhenae Rhizoma-Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex couplet medicines on glucolipid metabolism in type 2 diabetic rats before and after salt-processing. Method:The type 2 diabetic rat model was induced by high-fat and high-glucose diet combined with low dose streptozotocin (STZ), the model rats were randomly divided into six groups, including the model group, metformin group (200 mg·kg<sup>-1</sup>), and different compatibility groups of raw and salt-processed of Anemarrhenae Rhizoma and Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex (6.48 g·kg<sup>-1</sup>). In addition, The same week old rats fed with normal diet were set as the blank group. After 30 d of continuous intragastric administration, changes of fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting serum insulin (FINS), glycosylated serum protein (GSP), hepatic glycogen, blood lipid [total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C)], nonesterified fatty acid (NEFA), adipocytokines [adiponectin (ADP) and leptin)], kidney function [blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (CRE)] and other indicators of rats from different groups were detected, and the insulin sensitivity index (ISI) and insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) were calculated, hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was used to observe the morphological changes of pancreas, liver and kidney of rats from different groups. Result:Compared with the model group, compatibility of Anemarrhenae Rhizoma-Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex couplet medicines before and after salt-processing all could decrease the levels of FBG, GSP, TC, TG, LDL-C, NEFA, leptin, BUN, CRE and HOMA-IR, and increase the contents of FINS, HDL-C, ADP, hepatic glycogen and ISI, among which the compatibility of salt-processed Anemarrhenae Rhizoma and salt-processed Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex had the most significant effect on regulating glucolipid metabolism in type 2 diabetic rats. The compatibility of all couplet medicines could improve the histopathological changes of pancreas, liver and kidney in type 2 diabetic rats, among which the compatibility of salt-processed Anemarrhenae Rhizoma and salt-processed Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex had the most prominent effect on repairing pathological damage. Conclusion:The compatibility of Anemarrhenae Rhizoma and Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex before and after salt-processing can improve glucolipid metabolism in type 2 diabetic rats, while the comprehensive effect of salt-processed Anemarrhenae Rhizoma and salt-processed Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex<italic> </italic>on lowering glucose and regulating lipid is the best.
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Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) network pharmacology and molecular docking technology were applied to explore the mechanism of anti-coronavirus pneumonia (coronavirus disease 2019, COVID-19) of Qingfei Paidu decoction. The Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015 edition) and Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology (TCMSP), OMIM (Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man), GeneCard, STRING, and others online databases are used for building a series of network, and selecting the core target and analyzing the signal pathway. Finally, we make molecular docking predictions for the important compounds. The results showed that the Qingfei Paidu decoction compound-pneumonia target network contained 292 compounds and 214 corresponding targets, and the core targets involved AKT1 (AKT serine/threonine kinase 1), IL6 (interleukin 6), MAPK8 (mitogen-activated protein kinase 8), MAPK1 (mitogen-activated protein kinase 1), and JUN (jun proto-oncogene). GO (Gene Ontology) function enrichment analysis yielded 858 GO entries, and KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) enrichment screening yielded 122 related pathways, including hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) and Toll-like receptor (TLRs) signaling pathways related to pneumonia, as well as T-cell receptor (TCR) signaling pathway related to lung injury protection. The molecular docking results showed that some core compounds of the Chinese herbal medicine of Qingfei Paidu decoction have a certain degree of affinity for 2019-novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) main protease (3C-like protease, 3CLpro) and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). In this paper, we preliminarily explored the potential therapeutic mechanism for Qingfei Paidu decoction to against COVID-19 and predicted the active ingredients. We hope that the results will help to the further study on the active ingredients and mechanism of Qingfei Paidu decoction to COVID-19.
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BACKGROUND@#Fusion genes may play an important role in tumorigenesis, prognosis, and drug resistance; however, studies on fusion genes in endometrial cancer (EC) are rare. This study aimed to identify new fusion genes and to explore their clinical significance in EC.@*METHODS@#A total of 28 patients diagnosed with EC were enrolled in this study. RNA sequencing was used to obtain entire genomes and transcriptomes. STAR-comparison and STAR-fusion prediction were applied to predict the fusion genes. Chi-square tests and Student t tests were used to verify the clinical significance with SPSS 13.0 software.@*RESULTS@#New fusion genes were found, and the number of fusion genes varied from 3 to 110 among all patients with EC. The type of fusion genes varied and included messenger RNA (mRNA)-mRNA, long non-coding RNA (lncRNA)-lncRNA, and lncRNA-mRNA. There were six fusion genes with high fusion rates, namely, RP11-123O10.4-GRIP1, RP11-444D3.1-SOX5, RP11-680G10.1-GSE1, NRIP1-AF127936.7, RP11-96H19.1-RP11-446N19.1, and DPH7-PTP4A3. Further studies showed that these fusion genes are related to stage, grade, and recurrence, in which NRIP1-AF127936.7 and DPH7-PTP4A3 were found only in stage III patients with EC. DPH7-PTP4A3 was found in grades 2 and 3, and recurrent patients with EC.@*CONCLUSION@#Fusion genes play an essential role in EC. Six genes that are overexpressed with high fusion rates are identified. NRIP1-AF127936.7 and DPH7-PTP4A3 might be related to stage, and DPH7-PTP4A3 be related to grade and recurrence.
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On December 14, 2017, a faculty member of a university in Hunan Province reported that an anthrax vaccine strain might have recovered virulence during an undergraduate experiment and potential exposure could not be ruled out for the students involved. Upon receiving the case report, the CDC, health bureaus, and local governments at the county, prefectural, and provincial levels promptly organized experts in different fields (including epidemiologists, biosafety experts, and laboratory testing experts) for case investigation, evaluation, and response. As the investigation results showed, no virulence recovery was identified in the involved anthrax vaccine strain; and no contamination of Bacillus anthracis was detected at the involved areas. Thus, the university returned to normal functioning.
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Humans , Anthrax Vaccines , Bacillus anthracis , Virulence , China , Containment of Biohazards , Laboratories , VirulenceABSTRACT
Background@#Fusion genes may play an important role in tumorigenesis, prognosis, and drug resistance; however, studies on fusion genes in endometrial cancer (EC) are rare. This study aimed to identify new fusion genes and to explore their clinical significance in EC.@*Methods@#A total of 28 patients diagnosed with EC were enrolled in this study. RNA sequencing was used to obtain entire genomes and transcriptomes. STAR-comparison and STAR-fusion prediction were applied to predict the fusion genes. Chi-square tests and Student t tests were used to verify the clinical significance with SPSS 13.0 software.@*Results@#New fusion genes were found, and the number of fusion genes varied from 3 to 110 among all patients with EC. The type of fusion genes varied and included messenger RNA (mRNA)-mRNA, long non-coding RNA (lncRNA)-lncRNA, and lncRNA-mRNA. There were six fusion genes with high fusion rates, namely, RP11–123O10.4–GRIP1, RP11–444D3.1–SOX5, RP11– 680G10.1–GSE1, NRIP1–AF127936.7, RP11–96H19.1–RP11–446N19.1, and DPH7–PTP4A3. Further studies showed that these fusion genes are related to stage, grade, and recurrence, in which NRIP1–AF127936.7 and DPH7–PTP4A3 were found only in stage III patients with EC. DPH7–PTP4A3 was found in grades 2 and 3, and recurrent patients with EC.@*Conclusion@#Fusion genes play an essential role in EC. Six genes that are overexpressed with high fusion rates are identified. NRIP1– AF127936.7 and DPH7–PTP4A3 might be related to stage, and DPH7–PTP4A3 be related to grade and recurrence.
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Objective: To study the antioxidant chemical constituents and antioxidant activity of Patrinia villosa. Methods: The 70% ethanol-water extract of the herb was separated by silica gel column chromatography, ODS column chromatography and sephadex column chromatography. Then, the compound were further purified and extracted by semi-preparative HPLC. Their structures were elucidated by physiochemical property and spectral analysis. DPPH and ABTS methods were used to determine the antioxidant bioactivities of the isolated compounds. Results: A total of ten compounds were isolated and synthesized, including chlorogenic acid butyl ester (1), 3,4-di-O-caffeoyl quinic acid methyl ester (2), luteolin-7-O-rutinoside (3), 1β-O-β-D-glucopyranosy- 15-O-(p-hydroxylphenylacetate)-5α,6βH-eudesma-3,11(13)-dien-12,6α-olide (4), 3,4-di-O-caffeoyl quinic acid ethyl ester (5), 4,5-di-O-caffeoyl quinic acid methyl ester (6), 4,5-di-O-caffeoyl quinic acid n-butyl ester (7), luteolin-7-O-β-D-glucuronide methyl ester (8), luteolin-7-O-β-D-glucuronide ethyl ester (9), and apigenin-7-O-β-D-glucuronide methyl ester (10). The DPPH radical scavenging IC50 of compounds 3, 8, and 9 were (23.95 ± 0.71), (73.09 ± 0.33), and (25.06 ± 0.65) μmol/L, respectively. The ABTS radical scavenging IC50 was (7.13 ± 0.07), (11.48 ± 0.21), (5.15 ± 0.08) mol/L, respectively. Conclusion: Eight compounds except compounds 3 and 8 are obtained from this species for the first time. Compounds 3, 8, and 9 had significant antioxidant activity.
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BACKGROUND:Keratitis,chemical injury,trauma,and other diseases often lead to irreparable damage to the corneal tissue,which can cause scars and finally vision loss.Corneal transplantation is the only way for treatment,but is of limit use by the deficiency of donors.Moreover,biosynthetic implants are expensive and complex.Silk fibroin and chitosan are common materials for tissue engineering and have been widely used as bio-scaffold materials.However,the technology applied in corneal repair is still in infant stage.OBJECTIVE:To systemically analyze the literature regarding the application of silk fibroin/chitosan scaffold materials in corneal repair,and to offer new directions and theoretical support for further studies on corneal repair.METHODS:A computer-based search of CNKI,WanFang and PubMed was performed for relevant articles with the keywords of "silk fibroin,chitosan,cornea,keratoprosthesis,scaffold".Then,we traced the development progress of silk fibroin/chitosan scaffolds in corneal repair and summarized its current applications and prospects.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:In total,178 articles were preliminarily retrieved,and finally,52 eligible articles were reviewed.(1) The silk fibroin/chitosan scaffold for corneal repair has low cytotoxicity and good biocompatibility.(2) This kind of scaffold supplies proper pericellular environmental for corneal cells that is good for hydroelectrolyte exchange.(3) The presence of ABCG2 protein implies that the scaffold offers possibilities of limbal stem cell proliferation.(4) Increasing animal model tests have shown that the scaffold can barely cause an inflammatory reaction of corneal cells,which is highy important to remain the vitreousness of corneal tissues.(5) Because of the deficiency of corneal donors,searching for new artificial materials for corneal repair is the developing direction of corneal transplantation.Silk fibroin chitosan scaffold has huge potential in this area,and it deserves more researches for clinical use in the future.
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Objective To investigate the prevalence of visual fatigue among Chinese college students with the usage of electronic products.Methods A total of 6000 college students were recruited from 127 universities in 29 cities (except Taiwan,Qinghai,Tibet,Ningxia and Xinjiang).The questionnaire involved questions pertaining to the dependence of electronic products,use of electronic products in dormitory,home,vehicles,and prevalence of visual fatigue.Logistic regression was performed to analyze the potential risk factors for visual fatigue.Results A total of 4848 questionnaires were valid,involving 2259 male and 2589 female students.The results revealed that the incidence of visual fatigue in Chinese college students was 53.5%,a higher rate in females than in males.And 33.8% of whole group admitted that they had become relied on electronic products.The proportion of electronic products used at the table,on the bed,transport equipment reached 91.3%,87.6% and 74.8%,respectively.In terms of the usage duration,38.3% of surveyed students use mobile phone,Tablet PC over 4 hours per day,with 29.7% using electronic products over 1 hour on the bed and 49.1% in vehicles over 0.5 hour.Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that the prevalence of visual fatigue were related to gender,dependence on electronic products,the use of electronic products in dormitory,home,vehicles.Conclusion The prevalence of visual fatigue is relatively high among Chinese college students,which may be associated with the following several factors,including gender,dependence on electronic products and the use of electronic products in dormitory,home and vehicles.
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Objective To observe the changes of granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) expression in mice with radiation and incision combined injury during wound healing and analyze its therapeutic effect, paving a way for exploring the effect of GM-CSF on healing of radiation combination injury. Methods A total of 56 Kunming mice (20-22 g) were randomly divided into two groups; the experimental group and control group (n = 28 for each group). Mice in the experimental group were made into irradiated injury plus skin wound by incising the back immediately after exposing to 6 Gy60 Co γ radiation. Pure incision injury without radiation exposure was made in the mice in control group. Mice were sacrificed on day 1, 3, 5, and 7(7 mice for each time) after model establishment, and skin and thin layer of muscle tissues around the wound were collected. Real-time PCR and immunohistochemical analysis were used to examine the mRNA and protein expression of GM-CSF. Moreover, radiation and incision combined injury models were also established in 40 species, body mass-matched mice using same method described above and the model mice were divided into two groups; treatment group and blank control group (n=20 for each group). The wounds were treated with rhGM-CSF gel (6 000 ng/mL) in the treatment group at 0, 1, 3, 4, 5, 7, 9, 11, and 14 d after model establishment, while blank gel was given to the blank control group. Then the therapeutic effects of rhGM-CSF gel on wound healing were evaluated based on the wound residual area and the level of collagenous fiber around the wound. Results The expression levels of GM-CSF protein and mRNA were significantly lower in the radiation and incision combined injury models during 1-3 days compared with the control group (P<0. 05). The expression of GM-CSF was gradually decreased during 5-7 days in the control group, while it kept unchanged in the experimental group. During the 14 days treatment with rhGM-CSF gel, the wound areas were significantly smaller than those of the blank control group (P<0. 05). Meanwhile, Masson staining showed notable proliferation, widely distributed, and tightly arranged collagenous fiber after rhGM-CSF gel treatment at the injury sites. Conclusion The level of GM-CSF is lower in radiation and incision combined injury compared with the control, and continuous rhGM-CSF (6 000 ng/mL) treatment can greatly promote the healing of radiation and incision combined injury.
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OBJECTIVE: To investigate the cognition status of construction workers on occupational health knowledge.METHODS: Seven hundreds and sixteen construction workers in Luzhou City were selected by cluster sampling method.Their cognition conditions on occupational health knowledge were investigated. RESULTS: The awareness rate of legal knowledge of occupational disease was the highest in construction workers in Luzhou City,which was 51. 68%. However,the awareness rate of legal compensation system of occupational disease was the lowest,which was only 5. 59%. The main sources of workers getting to know about occupational health knowledge were television, network and newspaper( accounting for 70. 25%). With the decrease of age and the increase of educational level,the awareness rates of occupational health knowledge in construction workers had a tendency of increase( P < 0. 05). The awareness rates of legal knowledge and diagnostic programs of occupational disease and legal compensation system in workers with special rates types of work were higher than those of handymen and traditional craftsmen( P < 0. 05). The awareness rates of occupational health knowledge in workers who had received the training of occupational safety and related occupational disease knowledge were higher than those who had not( P < 0. 05). The multivariate logistic regression analysis results showed that factors influencing the awareness rates of occupational health knowledge of construction workers were the educational level,type of work,the training of occupational safety and related occupational disease knowledge( P <0. 05). CONCLUSION: The awareness rate of occupational health knowledge in construction workers was generally low. The training of occupational safety and related occupational disease knowledge should be strengthened for the construction workers.
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The research aimed to evaluate the intestinal absorption of alkaloids extracted by decoction and alcohol extraction proces- ses from Rhizoma Coptidis-Rheum rhabarum herbal pair via everted gut sacs. Berberine, palmatine, coptisine and epiberberine were the main alkaloids in this herbal pair and taken as the standard indexes in the quantitative analysis with multi-components by single marker (QAMS) method, in order to calculate absorption rate constant (Ka) and evaluate intestinal absorption characteristics of these four alkaloids extracted by different extraction methods in different intestinal segments in rats. The results showed that the four alkaloids extracted by two different processes in high, medium and low doses had linear absorption properties in the small intestine segment, which conformed to zero-order absorption rate, intestinal segment than 0.99. The absorption rate constant (Ka) of decoction group was higher than that of alcohol extraction group.
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Animals , Male , Rats , Alkaloids , Pharmacokinetics , Coptis , Chemistry , Intestinal Absorption , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Rheum , ChemistryABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the expression of acidic fibroblast growth factor (aFGF) in transgenic safflower and lay the foundation for the use of the plant bioreactor large-scale production aFGF.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The haFGF gene was transformed into plant preference of the aFGF sequence as a basis for design of primers, plant preferences aFGF gene sequences was amplified by PCR. The vegetable body expression vector was constructed by using digested connection method and then transferred to Agrobacterium tumefaciens EHA105 by the freeze-thaw method. It transferred to safflowers by agrobacterium-mediated transformation method, and identified by PCR, southern blot and RT-PCR.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The full-length aFGF gene sequences were amplified through PCR and constructed into plant expression vector with soybean oleosin and promoter, and transformed into safflower. Three independently transformed safflower plant units with point insertion were successfully obtained, which showed the same size of aFGF expression at the transcriptional level.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The plant oil body expression vectors were successfully constructed, and the optimal condition for genetic transformation was selected. The transgenic safflower plants were obtained.</p>
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Humans , Agrobacterium tumefaciens , Genetics , Carthamus tinctorius , Genetics , Fibroblast Growth Factor 1 , Genetics , Gene Expression Regulation, Plant , Genetic Vectors , Membrane Proteins , Genetics , Plant Proteins , Genetics , Plants, Genetically Modified , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Transformation, GeneticABSTRACT
To explore the possible cytokine mechanism of delayed skin wound healing in mice exposed to ionizing radiation(IR), so as to provide evidence for further research. Methods Totally 68 female Kunming mice were randomly divided into two groups. Back skin defect was made in mice of the experimental group (n=34) immediately after exposure to 6 Gy 60Co y whole-body radiation, and mice in the control group (n = 34) had skin defect but with no radiation exposure. Wound areas were continuously measured and wound healing rates were monitored on day 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 14 after damage (n= 10). Mice were sacrificed on day 1, 3, 5, and 7 (each time point 6 mice), the skin and thin layer of muscle tissues around the wound were obtained, and H-E staining was used for evaluating wound healing. Platelet derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-") expression levels in the dermal defects were examined by immunohistochemical methods and real-time PCR. Results The wound healing rate in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group within 14 days after damage (P<0. 01). On day 14 the wound healing rate in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group (61. 61% and 90. 13%, P<0. 01). H-E staining showed more severe inflammatory cell infiltration, disarranged collagen fibers and less proliferation of fibroblasts in the wound of experimental group compared with that of the control group. Immunohistochemical and real-time PCR results demonstrated that PDGF-BB expression in experimental group was significantly less than that in the control group from day 3 to day 7 (P<0. 05). PDGF-BB gene expression in experimental group was less than that in the control group from day 3 (P<0. 01). The expression of TNF-a protein and gene was up-regulated in both groups and reached the peak on day 5, then began to decrease. On day 7, TNF-a protein and gene expression in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0. 01). Conclusion PDGF-BB and TNF-" participate in delayed wound healing in ionizing radiation mice with dermal defects.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of static magnetic fields (SMFs) with different exposure time on the maturation of rat osteoblasts in vitro and the expression of the estrogen receptor (ER) gene.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The calvarial osteoblasts were isolated from newborn rats by enzyme digestion and randomly divided into 9 groups after one passage based on the exposure time of the SMFs[0 (control), 0.5 h, 1.0 h, 1.5 h, 2.0 h, 2.5 h, 3.0 h, 3.5 h, and 4.0 h]. The intensity was 3.9 mT in all SMFs. Those without SMFs exposure were used as the controls. The oeteoblasts were observed under the contrast phase microscope on a daily basis. After 48 h, cell proliferation was assayed by MTT method. The osteocalcin contents were measured after exposure to SMFs for 3 d, 6 d, 9 d, and 12 d. ERΑ and ERΒ mRNA expressions were measured by real-time PCR after SMFs treatment for 0 h, 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the controls, the cell proliferation was significantly enhanced in the 2.0-h, 2.5-h, and 3.0-h groups (P<0.05). After SMFs treatment for 6 d, 9 d and 12 d, the 2.5-h group had significantly higher osteocalcin content than the control group did (P<0.05). After SMFs treatment for 0 h and 72 h, elevated ERΑ mRNA expression and reduced ERΒ mRNA expression were observed.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Exposure to SMFs, regardless of exposure time, is associated with enhanced cell proliferation, increased osteocalcin contents, and altered ERΑ and ERΒ mRNA expressions in opposite directions.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Cell Differentiation , Cell Proliferation , Cells, Cultured , Magnetic Fields , Osteoblasts , Cell Biology , Metabolism , Receptors, Estrogen , Genetics , MetabolismABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of exposure to static magnetic fields (SMFs) of 3.9 mT on proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts in vitro.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The newborn rat calvarial osteoblasts were isolated by enzyme digestion and randomly divided into 9 groups after one passage. The intensity of the SMFs was 3.9 mT. The cells were exposed in the SMFs for 0 (control group), 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3, 3.5 and 4.0 h groups respectively. They were observed under the contrast phase microscope each day. After 48 h, cell proliferation was assayed by MTT method. The alkaline phosphatase (Alkaline Phosphatase, ALP) activities and calcium content were measured after 3, 6, 9, and 12 days exposed with SMFs. The ALP positive colonies were histochemically stained after 8 days and the calcified nodules were stained by Alizarin Bordeaux after 10 days; BMP-2, Runx-2 and Opg mRNA expression were measured after SMFs treatment in 0, 24, 48 and 72 h.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Contrast with control group, all SMFs groups enhanced cell proliferation (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05), and they promoted maturation and mineralization of the osteoblasts. The results showed that SMFs improved the ALP activity, promoted calcium content, boost BMP-2, Runx -2 and Opg mRNA expression.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The cells exposed to the SMFs of 3.9 mT at 2.5 h apparently promote proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts in vitro.</p>