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1.
Herald of Medicine ; (12): 106-114, 2024.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1023686

ABSTRACT

Cancer is a severe threat to human life and health.The over-activation of oncogenes is the main reason for poor treatment and prognosis of cancer patients.Most of these over-activated oncogenes are protein tyrosine kinase(PTK).Among many PTKs,non-receptor tyrosine kinase(NRTK)is an important signaling molecule that regulates cell proliferation and migration as the primary driver of intracellular signaling pathway transduction.Targeting NRTK has become the focus and difficulty in developing anti-tumor drugs.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),with its characteristics of multi-channel,multi-link,multi-target,and low toxicity,plays a significant advantage in treating adjuvant tumors.So far,it has been found various traditional TCM monomers can inhibit NRTK from playing an anti-tumor role.This review summarized the part of Src,Jak,Abl,Fak families,the prominent members of NRTK in tumor progression,as well as the TCM monomers acting on these members.We aimed to provide a theoretical basis for the anti-tumor therapy targeting NRTK and a reference for the search for TCM monomer inhibitors of NRTK.

2.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1019034

ABSTRACT

Objective To explore the different latent class and characteristics of the cognitive ability level of undergraduate nursing students in hospice care based on the individual-centered perspective,and analyze its influencing factors to provide the reference for the formulation of targeted nursing education.Methods Nursing students in a medical university in Yunnan Province were selected from March 2023 to June 2023.The general data questionnaire and hospice care knowledge questionnaire were used to conduct a cross-sectional survey.SPSS and Mplus were used for the data analysis.Results Three latent class of hospice care cognitive ability were identified,which were named as hospice care high cognitive ability group,general cognitive ability group,and low cognitive ability group,accounting for 28.74%,57.29%,and 13.97%,respectively;Nursing students'gender,nationality,place of residence,earning and practice experience of hospice care(whether they had the contact with end-stage cancer patients,whether they had received the hospice care related training),and whether they were willing to engage in the hospice care related work were the influencing factors of different potential categories of cognitive ability of hospice care among nursing students(P<0.05).Conclusion There are three latent class of hospice care cognitive ability of nursing students.Male minority nursing students who have not been exposed to end-stage cancer patients and have not received the hospice care-related training,are unwilling to engage in the hospice care-related work.Male ethnic minority nursing students residing in rural areas have the weaker cognitive levels of hospice care.Scholars in the future can formulate targeted training strategies according to different latent class of hospice care cognitive ability to improve nursing students'hospice care cognitive ability and reserve talents for hospice care teams.

3.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1019062

ABSTRACT

Objective To explore the current situation of nurses'emergency response ability of public health emergencies and analyze its influencing factors in Yunnan province,so as to provide empirical basis for the construction of emergency response ability training system in the future.Methods A total of 4821 clinical nurses from 43 hospitals in Yunnan province were selected by convenience sampling.A cross-sectional survey was conducted using the general information questionnaire,Nurses'Public Health Emergency response Capacity Scale and Nurses'Emergency attitude scale.The influencing factors were analyzed by stepwise multiple linear regression.Results The total score of public health emergency response ability of clinical nurses in Yunnan Province was(70.35±14.08),and the total score of public health emergency response attitude was(42.26±6.14).Gender,department,hospital level,working years,whether to participate in public health emergency training,whether to experience rescue activities in public health emergencies,and attitude towards public health emergencies were the influencing factors of nurses'public health emergency response ability(P<0.05),which explained 29.0%of the total variation.Conclusions The ability of clinical nurses to respond to public health emergencies in Yunnan Province is generally above the medium level,but there is still a significant shortage in emergency knowledge.Targeted training is needed.Nursing management should build targeted layered training programs combined with influencing factors to enhance nurses'ability to respond to public health emergencies.

4.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1020752

ABSTRACT

Objective To analyze the frailty of patients with long-term maintenance dialysis(MD)and its influencing factors,and to explore the correlation of different dialysis modalities with the re-infection of novel coronavirus infection(COVID-19)and frailty syndrome.Methods Patients with regular dialysis in Nephrology Department of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University from February to June 2023 were selected.A cross-sectional survey was conducted to collect clinical data of the patients,including dialysis modality(i.e.maintenance hemodialysis,abbreviated as hemodialysis,and continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis,abbreviated as peritoneal dialysis),and whether with re-infection of COVID-19.Patients were divided into 3 groups using Fried's frailty phenotype(FP):non-frailty group,pre-or-intermediate frailty group,and frailty syndrome group.The clinical characteristics of the FP were compared among the three groups.The correlation of frailty with clinical data,dialysis modality,re-infection of COVID-19 in each group was compared.Multifactorial logistic regression was used to analyze the factors influencing the development of frailty syndrome in patients.Results A total of 246 dialysis patients were included in this study,with 77(31.3%)in the non-frailty group,83(33.7%)in the pre-frailty group and 86(35.0%)in the frailty syndrome group.The frailty syndrome group showed characteristics of advanced age,high pre-dialysis creatinine level,low serum albumin level and combined pleural effusion(all P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the comparison of frailty between the hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis group(P = 0.960).COVID-19 re-positive patients had higher frailty score than non-re-positive patients.Multifactor logistic regression showed that age,COVID-19 re-infection of COVID-19,serum albumin,pre-dialysis creatinine,and pleural effusion were factors influencing the development of frailty syndrome in dialysis patients(P<0.05).Conclusion There is high incidence of frailty syndrome in dialysis patients,and there is no correlation of frailty with dialysis modality.High serum albumin level is a protective factor for the development of frailty syndrome in patients,whereas re-infection of COVID-19,advanced age,high pre-dialysis blood creatinine level and pleural effusion are risk factors for the development of frailty syndrome.

5.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1039620

ABSTRACT

ObjectiveTo explore the effect and mechanism of Hei Xiaoyaosan in regulating the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 6 (Fas)/Fas ligand (FasL)/cysteine protease-8 (Caspase-8)/cysteine protease-3 (Caspase-3) signaling pathway to intervene in neuronal apoptosis and prevent Alzheimer's disease (AD). MethodNinety SPF-grade SD male rats of 4 months old were selected and randomly grouped as follows: 10 rats in the blank group, 10 rats in the sham group (bilateral hippocampus injected with 1 μL normal saline), and 70 rats in the modeling group [bilater hippocampus injected with 1 μL amyloid-beta protein 1-42 (Aβ1-42) solution for the modeling of AD]. Fifty successfully modeled rats were selected and randomly assigned into model, donepezil hydrochloride (0.45 mg·kg-1), and high-, medium-, and low-dose (15.30, 7.65, 3.82 g·kg-1) Hei Xiaoyaosan groups. Rats were administrated with corresponding agents by gavage once a day for 42 days. Terminal-deoxynucleoitidyl transferase-mediated nick end labeling (TUNEL) was employed to observe the apoptosis of neurons in the cortex and hippocampus, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to detect the expression of B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) and Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax) in the hippocampus. Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction(Real-time PCR) was employed to determine the mRNA levels of Fas, FasL, and Fas-associated protein with death domain (Fadd). Western blot was used to determine the protein levels of Fas, FasL, Fadd, Caspase-3, cleved Caspase-3, Caspase-8, and cleved Caspase-8. ResultCompared with the blank group and sham group, the model group showed increased apoptosis rate in the cortex and hippocampus (P<0.01), elevated Bax level (P<0.01), lowered Bcl-2 level (P<0.01), up-regulated mRNA levels of Fas, FasL, and Fadd in the hippocampus (P<0.01), and up-regulated protein levels of Fas, FasL, Fadd, cleaved Caspase-3, and cleaved Caspase-8 (P<0.01). Compared with the model group, donepezil hydrochloride and Hei Xiaoyaosan at high and medium doses decreased the apoptosis rate in the cortex and hippocampus (P<0.05, P<0.01), lowered the Bax level (P<0.01), elevated the Bcl-2 level (P<0.01), and down-regulated the mRNA levels of Fas, FasL, and Fadd and the protein levels of Fas, FasL, Fadd, cleaved Caspase-3, and cleaved Caspase-8 (P<0.05, P<0.01) in the hippocampus. Low-dose Hei Xiaoyaosan decreased the apoptosis rate in the cortex and hippocampus (P<0.05, P<0.01), lowered the Bcl-2 level (P<0.01), and down-regulated the mRNA levels of FasL and Fadd (P<0.05) and the protein levels of Fas, FasL, Fadd, cleaved Caspase-3, and cleaved Caspase-8 (P<0.05) in the hippocampus. ConclusionHei Xiaoyaosan can protect neurons in the cortex and hippocampus of AD rats by inhibiting the apoptosis mediated by the Fas/FasL/Caspase-8/Caspase-3 signaling pathway.

6.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1039621

ABSTRACT

ObjectiveTo explore the effect and mechanism of Hei Xiaoyaosan in modulating the synaptic plasticity in APP/PS1 mice by regulating the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)/protein kinase A (PKA)/N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) signaling pathway. MethodTwelve 4-month-old male C57BL/6J mice were selected as the blank control group, and 60 4-month-old male APP/PS1 double transgenic mice were randomized into model, KW-6002 (adenosine receptor antagonist, 3 mg·kg-1), and high-, medium-, and low-dose (22.10, 11.05, 5.53 g·kg-1, respectively) Hei Xiaoyaosan groups, with 12 mice in each group. Mice were administrated with corresponding drugs for 90 days. Transmission electron microscopy was employed to observe the synaptic ultrastructure of hippocampal neurons, and Golgi staining was used to observe the dendritic spine density of neurons in hippocampal CA1 region. Western blot was employed to measure the protein levels of cAMP, PKA, N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors 1, 2A, and 2B (NR1, NR2A, and NR2B, respectively), postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD95), and synapsin 1 (SYN1). Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction(Real-time PCR) was performed to determine the mRNA levels of cAMP, PKA, and NR1. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was employed to determine the content of interleukin-12 (IL-12) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) in the hippocampus. ResultCompared with the blank group, the model group showed blurred boundaries between presynaptic membrane and postsynaptic membrane in hippocampal CA1 region, reduced and scattered synaptic vesicles, and decreased density of postsynaptic membrane, and irregular, disarranged, and loosened dendritic spines of neurons in hippocampal CA1 region (P<0.01). In addition, the model group presented down-regulated protein levels of cAMP, PKA, NR1, NR2A, NR2B, PSD95, and SYN1 and mRNA levels of cAMP, PKA, and NR1, elevated IL-12 level, and lowered IL-4 level in the hippocampus (P<0.01). Compared with the model group, the drug intervention groups showed clear and intact boundaries between presynaptic membrane and postsynaptic membrane in hippocampal CA1 region, increased synaptic vesicles with dense arrangement, increased density of postsynaptic membrane, and improved morphology, arrangement, and density of neuronal dendritic spines (P<0.05, P<0.01). In addition, the drug interventions up-regulated the protein levels of cAMP, PKA, NR1, NR2A, NR2B, PSD95, and SYN1 (P<0.05,P<0.01) and mRNA levels of cAMP, PKA, and NR1 (P<0.01), lowered the IL-12 level (P<0.01), and elevated the IL-4 level (P<0.01) in the hippocampus. ConclusionHei Xiaoyaosan can improve the structure and morphology of hippocampal neurons in APP/PS1 mice by activating the cAMP/PKA/NMDAR signaling pathway and repairing synaptic plasticity.

7.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1039622

ABSTRACT

ObjectiveTo investigate the role and mechanism of Hei Xiaoyaosan in intervening in oxidative stress in the rat model of Alzheimer's disease (AD) via modulating the rat sarcoma (RAS)/rapidly accelerating fibrosarcoma (RAF)/mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathway. MethodOne hundred 4-month-old SPF-grade Wistar male rats were randomly grouped as follows: 10 in the blank group, 10 in the sham group (bilateral hippocampus injected with 1 μL normal saline), and 80 in the modeling group [bilateral hippocampus injected with 1 μL amyloid beta protein 1-42 (Aβ1-42) solution for the modeling of AD]. Fifty rats qualified for modeling were selected and randomized into the model, donepezil hydrochloride (0.5 mg·kg-1), and high-, medium-, and low-dose (15.30, 7.65, 3.82 g·kg-1, respectively) Hei Xiaoyaosan groups. The rats were administrated with corresponding drugs by gavage once a day for 42 consecutive days. At the end of gavage, Morris water maze test was performed to examine the learning and memory abilities of the rats, and Nissl staining was used to observe the pathological changes of neurons in CA3 region of the hippocampus. The immunofluorescence assay was used to observe Aβ deposition and tau phosphorylation. Western blot was employed to determine the protein levels of RAS, RAF, phosphorylated (p)-RAF, MEK, p-MEK, ERK, and p-ERK in the hippocampal tissue. Biochemical methods were used to determine the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the hippocampal tissue. ResultCompared with the sham group, the model group showed prolonged escape latency (P<0.01), shortened swimming distance in the target quadrant (P<0.01), reduced and uneven stained Nissl bodies, enhanced fluorescence intensity of Aβ and p-tau (P<0.01), up-regulated protein levels of RAS, p-RAF, p-MEK, and p-ERK in the hippocampal tissue (P<0.01), increased ROS and MDA content (P<0.01), and decreased SOD activity (P<0.01) on day 5. Compared with the model group, donepezil hydrochloride and high-, medium-, and low-dose Hei Xiaoyaosan shortened the escape latency (P<0.01), increased the swimming distance in the target quadrant (P<0.01), improved the arrangement, morphology, and structures of neurons and the number and distribution of Nissl bodies, decreased the fluorescence intensity of Aβ and p-tau (P<0.01), up-regulated the protein levels of RAS, p-RAF, p-MEK, and p-ERK (P<0.05, P<0.01), decreased the ROS and MDA content (P<0.01), and increased the SOD activity (P<0.01) on day 5. ConclusionHei Xiaoyaosan may ameliorate oxidative stress, reduce Aβ and p-tau levels, and inhibit hippocampal neuronal damage by regulating the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway, thus improving learning and memory abilities.

8.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1039623

ABSTRACT

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease that predominantly affects the elderly. It belongs to the category of dementia in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), with the onset and progression closely associated with the functions of the kidney, liver, and spleen. The classic TCM formula Hei Xiaoyaosan, which regulates the three Yin of liver, spleen, and kidney, shows broad prospects in treating neurodegenerative diseases. This article reviews the experimental studies reported in the past decade to summarize the mechanisms of Hei Xiaoyaosan and its active components in intervening in AD. Hei Xiaoyaosan can treat AD via multiple targets, levels, and aspects comprehensively. The clinical studies have demonstrated that Hei Xiaoyaosan alone or in combination with other therapies has a definite therapeutic effect on AD. Specifically, it can ameliorate the cognitive impairment, mitigate oxidative stress, and inhibit the overexpression of soluble apoptotic factors in AD patients. This review aims to provide a theoretical basis for the treatment of AD with Hei Xiaoyaosan and explore new research directions. Moreover, it gives new insights into the clinical application of Hei Xiaoyaosan and the development of products with both medicinal and edible values.

9.
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica ; (12): 1003-1013, 2023.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-978762

ABSTRACT

The whole herb of Solanum nigrum L. can be used as the herbal drug. In this study, UHPLC-Q Exactive high resolution mass combined with GNPS molecular network was used for the rapid characterization of the components in the leaves of S. nigrum L. A total of 157 compounds were identified, including 30 steroid alkaloids, 61 steroid saponins, 35 flavonoids, and 31 other compounds (amino acids and organic acids), by comparison with the data reported in the literature, and mass fragmentation characteristics analysis, as well as the correlation of known and unknown nodes in the GNPS molecular network. Compared with the fruits and stems, the leaves of S. nigrum L was rich in a variety of steroidal saponins, steroidal alkaloids, and flavonoids, and the results lay the foundation for the precise resources utilization of S. nigrum L.

10.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1008816

ABSTRACT

Cinnabaris is a traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) commonly used for sedation and tranquilization in clinics, and its safety has always been a concern. This study intends to investigate the species and tissue distribution of mercury in rats after continuous administration of Cinnabaris. In the experiment, 30 rats were randomly divided into the control group(equivalent to 0.5% carboxy-methyl cellulose sodium), low-dose Cinnabaris group(0.2 g·kg~(-1)), high-dose Cinnabaris group(2 g·kg~(-1)), pseudogerm-free control group(equivalent to 0.5% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose), and pseudogerm-free Cinnabaris group(2 g·kg~(-1)). They were orally administered for 30 consecutive days. Ultrasound-assisted acid extraction method combined with high performance liquid chromatography and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry(HPLC-ICP-MS) was adopted to determine inorganic mercury [Hg(Ⅱ)], methylmercury(MeHg), and ethylmercury(EtHg) in different tissue, plasma, urine, and feces of rats. The optimal detection conditions and extraction methods were optimized, and the linearity(R~2>0.999 3), precision(RSD<7.0%), and accuracy(spike recoveries ranged from 73.05% to 109.5%) of all the mercury species were satisfied, meeting the requirements of analysis. The results of mercury species detection showed that Hg(Ⅱ) was detected in all the tissue of the five experimental groups, and the main accumulating organs were the intestinal tract, stomach, and kidney. MeHg existed at a low concentration in most tissue, and EtHg was not detected in all groups. In addition, pathological examination results showed that hepatocyte vacuolar degeneration, loose cytoplasm, light staining, and mononuclear cell infiltration were observed in the high-dose Cinnabaris group, low-dose Cinnabaris group, and pseudogerm-free Cinnabaris group, with slightly milder lesions in the low-dose Cinnabaris group. Hydrous degeneration of renal tubular epithelium could be seen in the high-dose Cinnabaris group and pseudogerm-free Cinnabaris group, but there was no significant difference between the other groups and the control group. No abnormal changes were found in the brain tissue of rats in each group. This paper studied the different mercury species and tissue distribution in normal and pseudogerm-free rats after continuous administration of Cinnabaris for 30 days and clarified its effects on the tissue structure of the liver, kidney, and brain, which provided supporting evidence for the safety evaluation of Cinnabaris.


Subject(s)
Rats , Animals , Mercury/analysis , Tissue Distribution , Methylmercury Compounds/analysis , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods , Sodium
11.
Rev. bras. cir. cardiovasc ; Rev. bras. cir. cardiovasc;38(3): 381-388, 2023. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1441215

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Introduction: The objective of this study is to investigate the possible impact of coronary artery disease (CAD) on clinical outcomes of catheter ablation in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Methods: Patients with AF who underwent coronary computed tomography and catheter ablation were enrolled. The presence of stenotic severity and plaque, characteristics of coronary arteries, clinical data, and adverse outcomes of catheter ablation were analysed. Results: A total of 243 patients were enrolled, 100 (41%) patients with CAD. The CHA2DS2-VASc (congestive heart failure, hypertension, age ≥ 75 years, diabetes mellitus, stroke or transient ischemic attack, vascular disease, age 65-74 years, and sex category) score of AF patients with CAD was significantly (P<0.001) higher than of those without CAD. Presence of stenotic artery and plaques increased significantly with increase of CHA2DS2-VASc score (P<0.05). There was no significant (P=0.342) difference in AF recurrence between patients with and without CAD (30% versus 24%). Age, AF type, duration of AF, heart failure, CHA2DS2-VASc score, left ventricular ejection fraction, and left atrial diameter were significantly (P<0.05) correlated with AF recurrence in univariant analysis. Multivariable analysis revealed that duration of AF (hazard ratio [HR] 1.769), heart failure (HR 1.821), and left atrial diameter (HR 1.487, P=0.022) remained significant independent predictors of AF recurrence. Patients with AF and concomitant CAD were significantly (P=0.030) associated with a worse outcome. Conclusion: CAD concomitant with AF may be associated with a worse clinical outcome even though CAD does not significantly affect the risk of AF recurrence after ablation therapy.

12.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-939647

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES@#To study the metabolic mechanism of neonatal sepsis at different stages by analyzing the metabolic pathways involving the serum metabolites with significant differences in neonates with sepsis at different time points after admission.@*METHODS@#A total of 20 neonates with sepsis who were hospitalized in the Department of Neonatology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, from January 1, 2019 to January 1, 2020 were enrolled as the sepsis group. Venous blood samples were collected on days 1, 4, and 7 after admission. Ten healthy neonates who underwent physical examination during the same period were enrolled as the control group. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry was used for the metabonomic analysis of serum samples to investigate the change in metabolomics in neonates with sepsis at different time points.@*RESULTS@#On day 1 after admission, the differentially expressed serum metabolites between the sepsis and control groups were mainly involved in the biosynthesis of terpenoid skeleton. For the sepsis group, the differentially expressed serum metabolites between days 1 and 4 after admission were mainly involved in pyruvate metabolism, and those between days 4 and 7 after admission were mainly involved in the metabolism of cysteine and methionine. The differentially expressed serum metabolites between days 1 and 7 after admission were mainly involved in ascorbic acid metabolism.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The metabolic mechanism of serum metabolites varies at different stages in neonates with sepsis and is mainly associated with terpenoid skeleton biosynthesis, pyruvate metabolism, cysteine/methionine metabolism, and ascorbic acid metabolism.


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Ascorbic Acid , Cysteine , Metabolomics , Methionine , Neonatal Sepsis , Pyruvates , Sepsis
13.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-940746

ABSTRACT

Paclitaxel is the first-line chemotherapy drug for a variety of cancers. However, the paclitaxel resistance greatly reduced the efficacy in the later treatment stage, which seriously increased the mortality and recurrence rate of cancer and limited the clinical application of paclitaxel. At present, Chinese medicine compound prescription, proprietary Chinese medicine, and Chinese medicine injection are widely used as the adjuvant chemotherapy drugs for the treatment of cancer in clinic. Chinese medicine has shown unique advantages in improving the efficacy of chemotherapy drugs and the prognosis of chemotherapy, and reducing the toxic and side effects. However, the specific mechanism and effective monomer composition of Chinese medicine for reversing the resistance of chemotherapy drugs are unclear, and the application of Chinese medicine in different types of cancer is also limited, which are worthy of further exploration. This review summarized the composition of Chinese medicine monomer with synergistic antitumor effect combined with paclitaxel in recent years. The specific mechanism and pharmacological activities of Chinese medicine monomer reversing paclitaxel resistance were classified. This review found that through acting on the membrane transport protein, Chinese medicine monomer promoted the accumulation of paclitaxel in tumor cells, inhibited the expressions of protein and metabolic enzyme related to multidrug resistance and the metabolism of paclitaxel, and regulated the levels of apoptosis genes and factors and apoptosis-related pathways to promote the inhibitory effect of paclitaxel on cell proliferation. Chinese medicine monomer also significantly improved paclitaxel chemotherapy sensitivity by regulating the expression levels of micro ribonucleic acid (microRNA) and long non-coding ribonucleic acid RNA (lncRNA), inhibiting the characteristics of tumor stem cells and tumor metabolic reprogramming, improving tumor microenvironment, and triggering tumor cell death autophagy and oxidative stress response. This review provides a theoretical basis for clarifying the specific anti-tumor mechanism of Chinese medicine monomer combined with paclitaxel, which is of great significance for the development of new Chinese medicine and the clinical research of the drugs combined with paclitaxel, and has certain value for the application of Chinese medicine combined with other chemotherapy drugs.

14.
Chinese Journal of Burns ; (6): 683-690, 2022.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-940975

ABSTRACT

Objective: To investigate the effects of compound analgesia on ultra-pulsed fractional carbon dioxide laser (UFCL) treatment of post-burn hypertrophic s in children. Methods: A prospective randomized controlled study was conducted. From April 2018 to March 2020, 169 pediatric patients with post-burn hypertrophic s admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University were randomly divided into general anesthesia alone group (39 cases, 19 males and 20 females, aged 35 (21, 48) months), general anesthesia+lidocaine group (41 cases, 23 males and 18 females, aged 42 (22, 68) months), general anesthesia+ibuprofen suppository group (41 cases, 25 males and 16 females, aged 38 (26, 52) months), and three-drug combination group with general anesthesia + lidocaine+ibuprofen suppository (48 cases, 25 males and 23 females, aged 42 (25, 60) months), and the pediatric patients in each group were treated with corresponding analgesic regimens when UFCL was used to treat s, and the pediatric patients were given comprehensive care throughout the treatment process. The pain degree of pediatric patients scar was evaluated by facial expression,legs,activity,cry,and consolability (FLACC) of children's pain behavior scale at 0 (immediately), 1, 2, and 4 h after awakening from the first anesthesia, respectively. At 4 h after awakening from the first anesthesia of postoperative pain assessment, the self-made analgesia satisfaction questionnaire was used to evaluate the satisfaction for the analgesic effect of the pediatric patients or their families, and the satisfaction rate was calculated. Within 2 h after the first operation, the occurrences of adverse reactions of the pediatric patients, such as nausea and vomiting, headache, dizziness, drowsiness, etc, were observed and recorded. Before the first treatment and 1 month after the last treatment, the Vancouver scar scale (VSS) was used to evaluate the pediatric patients scar, and the difference value between the two was calculated. Data were statistically analyzed with least significant difference test, Kruskal-Wallis H test, chi-square test and Fisher's exact probability test. Results: At 0 h after awakening from the first anesthesia, the FLACC scores of pediatric patients in general anesthesia+lidocaine group, general anesthesia+ibuprofen suppository group and three-drug combination group were significantly lower than those in general anesthesia alone group (P<0.01). The FLACC scores of the pediatric patients in anesthesia+ibuprofen suppository group and three-drug combination group were significantly lower than that in general anesthesia+lidocaine group (P<0.01), and the FLACC score of the pediatric patients in three-drug combination group was significantly lower than that in general anesthesia+ibuprofen suppository group (P<0.01). At 1 and 2 h after awakening from the first anesthesia, the FLACC scores of pediatric patients in general anesthesia+ibuprofen suppository group and three-drug combination group were both significantly lower than those in general anesthesia alone group and general anesthesia+lidocaine group (P<0.01), and the FLACC score of the pediatric patients in three-drug combination group was significantly lower than that in general anesthesia+ibuprofen suppository group (P<0.01). At 4 h after awakening from the first anesthesia, the FLACC scores of the pediatric patients in general anesthesia+ibuprofen suppository group and three-drug combination group were significantly lower than those in general anesthesia alone group and general anesthesia+lidocaine group (P<0.01). At 4 h after awakening from the first anesthesia, the satisfactions rate with the analgesic effect in the four groups of pediatric patients or their families were 79.49% (31/39), 85.37% (35/41), 87.80% (36/41), and 97.92% (47/48), respectively. The satisfaction rate of the pediatric patients in three-drug combination group was significantly higher than those in general anesthesia alone group, general anesthesia+lidocaine group, general anesthesia+ibuprofen suppository group. Within 2 h after the first operation, there was no significant difference in the overall comparison of adverse reactions such as nausea and vomiting, headache, dizziness, and drowsiness of pediatric patients among the 4 groups (P>0.05). The VSS scores of pediatric patients before the first treatment, 1 month after the last treatment, and and the difference value between the two in the 4 groups were not significantly different (P>0.05). Conclusions: Three-drug combination for analgesia has a good effect in the treatment of hypertrophic scars after burn in pediatric patients with UFCL. Pediatric patients or their families are highly satisfied with the effect, and the treatment effect and incidence of adverse reactions are similar to other analgesic regimens, so it is recommended to be promoted in clinical practice.


Subject(s)
Child , Female , Humans , Male , Analgesia , Analgesics , Cicatrix, Hypertrophic/pathology , Dizziness/drug therapy , Headache/drug therapy , Ibuprofen/therapeutic use , Lasers, Gas/therapeutic use , Lidocaine , Nausea/drug therapy , Pain/drug therapy , Prospective Studies , Treatment Outcome , Vomiting/drug therapy
15.
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica ; (12): 2839-2850, 2022.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-941523

ABSTRACT

Ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time of flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS) coupled with a molecular network analysis strategy was used to identify the chemical constituents of the stem bark of two kinds of asparagus. The chemical constituents were identified by determining an accurate molecular weight, the fragmentation pathway, and comparison with the mass spectrometry data from the references. A molecular network was established based on the similarity of MS/MS fragmentation patterns. A total of 107 compounds were identified or tentatively deduced, which included 46 saponins, 13 flavonoids, and 48 other compounds. The chemical compounds identified in the stem bark of white and green asparagus differed greatly: the white asparagus was rich in saponins, while the green asparagus was rich in flavonoids. In conclusion, the chemical constituents of asparagus stem bark were characterized rapidly using UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS and molecular network analysis, with 10 compounds and 45 targets determined from the HIT 2.0 herbal ingredients' targets platform. This work will provide a theoretical basis for the resource utilization of asparagus.

16.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-927943

ABSTRACT

A total of 33 pesticides have been banned from Chinese medicinal materials and decoction pieces(plants) according to Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2020 edition). According to the chemical structures, they are mainly divided into seven categories: organophosphorus compounds, organochlorines, carbamates, amidines, sulfonylureas, phenylpyrazoles, and ethers. These banned pesticides exhibit neurotoxicity, reproductive toxicity, immune system toxicity, teratogenicity, carcinogenesis, and mutagenesis, seriously damaging human and animal health. They affect not only the quality and safety of traditional Chinese medicines and resulting products, but also their competitiveness in the international market. Due to the numerous varieties of traditional Chinese medicines and their complex substrates, it is necessary to establish a universal and highly sensitive method for pesticide residue detection. This review systematically summarized the residual status, toxicity, and analytical methods of banned pesticides in traditional Chinese medicines, and forecasted the prospects of different analytical techniques, so as to provide reference for further safety and risk assessment of banned pesticide residues in traditional Chinese medicines, thus ensuring the safe production of traditional Chinese medicines.


Subject(s)
Humans , China , Drugs, Chinese Herbal/toxicity , Medicine, Chinese Traditional , Organophosphorus Compounds , Pesticide Residues/toxicity , Pesticides/analysis
17.
Chinese Pharmacological Bulletin ; (12): 1722-1729, 2022.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1013996

ABSTRACT

Aim To investigate the slope ratio method for the determination of anticoagulant activity of leeches. Methods Three batches of leeches, four groups of Japanese medical vermiculite yinpian and fifteen groups of leech preparations were chosen, with contrast medicinal leeches herbs and Philippine cattle leech contrast medicinal materials, and different concentrations of leaching solutions were prepared in parallel. APTT value was determined after anticoagulant activity was determined by slope ratio method for the joint validation of laboratory, intermediate precision and accuracy between the linear range. Results The slope ratio method was accurate and accurate in the determination of anticoagulant activity of leeches, with linearity between 64% and 156% relative titer level. Conclusion Slope ratio method can be used to determine the anticoagulant activity of leeches.

18.
Chinese Journal of School Health ; (12): 1047-1051, 2021.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-886321

ABSTRACT

Objective@#To explore the relationship between daily physical activity and sleep quality among college students during COVID-19 epidemic, so as to provide scientific basis for improving physical health and sleep of college students.@*Methods@#A stratified random sampling method was used to select a total of 2 808 college students from two universities (one in each of sports and non sports categories) in Beijing, Tianjin, and Wuhan in March 2020. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index scale and the Bouchard Physical Activity Diary were used to collect sleep status and sleep duration (SD), sedentary behavior (SED), low intensity physical activity (LPA), and moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA). The Mann Whitney U test or Kruskal Wallis test was used to analyze the variability of parameters among college students. Multiple Logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between physical activity and sleep quality.@*Results@#During the epidemic, male students had higher MVPA times(0.5 h) than female students(0 h) ( Z =-4.21, P <0.01); students aged 18 and younger had higher SED times(11.1 h) than students aged 19 to 21 and older(9.3,10.3 h) ( F =7.90, P <0.05). The SED was higher for students living in urban, combined urban rural areas(10.5,9.5 h) than for their rural counterparts(9.5 h) ( F =9.56, 10.73, P <0.01). Sport majors had higher LPA and MVPA times(3.9, 1.0 h) than non sports majors(3.0,0 h) ( Z =-2.99, -4.73, P <0.01), and lower SED and sleep times(8.3,9.8 h) than non sports majors(11.1,11.1 h) ( Z =-4.73, -2.42, P <0.01). The LPA time of students with general sleep quality and sleep disorder was lower than that of students with good sleep quality ( F =7.67, P <0.05), and SED time was higher than that of students with good sleep quality ( F =8.62, P <0.05). After controlling for gender, age, place of residence, and specialty, multiple Logistic regression analysis showed that LPA time deficit was a risk factor for sleep quality ( OR =0.84, 95% CI =0.71-0.99, P <0.05).@*Conclusion@#During the COVID-19 epidemic period, college students generally suffer from excessive sedentary time and insufficient physical activity, which vary in sex, region and specialty. The overall sleep quality of students is not optimistic, and the lack of low intensity physical activity may increase the risk of sleep disorders.

19.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-908355

ABSTRACT

Objective:To summarize the genetic etiology, clinical characteristics and outcomes of neonatal hypotonia in the early stage of NICU, to provide basis for clinicians to early identify diseases and choose reasonable treatments.Methods:The clinical data of neonates with hypotonia admitted to the Department of Neonatology of Children′s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region and People′s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from July 2017 to July 2020 were analyzed.Results:A total of 49 children were enrolled in the study, all clinically manifested as unexplained hypotonia, accompanied by special appearance 29 cases(59.18%), metabolic abnormality 18 cases(36.73%), and cranial imagin abnormality 23 cases(46.93%). After gene sequencing a, total of 22(44.89%)patients were confirmed.Thirteen (26.53%) of them were copy number variation, and gene mutation in nine cases(18.36%). The oldest age of these patients was 3 years and 2 months now, while the youngest was 4 months.A total of 16 patients were dead(32.65%). Four (8.16%) patients were lost to follow-up.At present, eighteen (62.07%) patients had mental retardation, and eleven (37.93%) of whom still existed severe physical retardation.Conclusion:We could conduct genetic testing in NICU to improve the diagnosis rate of neonates with unexplained hypotonia, which have high rate of adverse events.Neonates with a clear diagnosis should be treated promptly and give the genetic counseling to reduce the risk for the next children.

20.
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica ; (12): 274-282, 2021.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-872620

ABSTRACT

Seventy-nine injectable herb extractions have been approved by the Chinese Food and Drug Administration (CFDA) and are frequently administered intravenously for various diseases. Unfortunately, herb-drug interactions are under-investigated and sometimes overlooked in the clinic. In the present investigation the in vitro inhibition of 9 drug metabolizing enzymes including CYP1A, CYP2A6, CYP2B6, CYP2C8, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6, CYP2E1, and CYP3A was assessed using an appropriate probe substrate for each enzyme with human liver microsomes. Metabolite formation was quantified using a validated and sensitive high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) assay. The IC50 of each herb extract was estimated using a concentration range from 5% to 0.5%, and the time-dependent inhibition of the nine CYP450 isoenzymes was also determined. Of the 79 approved iv herb injectables, 37 inhibited CYP1A, 24 inhibited CYP2A6, 41 inhibited CYP2B6, 36 inhibited CYP2C8, 31 inhibited CYP2C9, 41 inhibited CYP2C19, 13 inhibited CYP2D6, 25 inhibited CYP2E1, and 42 inhibited CYP3A with 50% or greater inhibition at a test concentration of 5% (v/v). IC50 differences were noted between pre-incubation or co-incubation assays with HLM for 30 min, with the time-dependent inhibitory (TDI) effects were observed with 2 injectables on CYP1A, 5 injectables on CYP2A6, 5 injectables on CYP2B6, 6 injectables on CYP2C8, 1 injectable on CYP2D6 and 6 injectables on CYP3A. Collectively, the results demonstrate that potential herb-drug interactions (HDIs) can occur with the concomitant use of herb injectables and prescription drugs that are cleared by CYP450 enzymes, and further investigation is warrant for the clinical relevance of these interactions.

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