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1.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1024293

ABSTRACT

Objective:To investigate the efficacy and value of preemptive analgesia in older adult patients undergoing laparoscopic hepatectomy.Methods:A total of 150 older adult patients with liver cancer, who underwent laparoscopic hepatectomy at The 2 nd Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University between July 2019 and April 2020, were randomly assigned to two groups: a control group ( n = 75) and an observation group ( n = 75) using the random number table method. The control group received postoperative analgesia with parecoxib sodium, while the observation group received preemptive analgesia with parecoxib sodium. A comparative analysis was conducted between the control and observation groups in terms of the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) scores at 8, 12, and 24 hours postoperatively, postoperative recovery, length of hospital stay, and overall cost. Results:There were no statistically significant differences in operation time, dosage of Sufentanil 24 hours postoperatively, or the total and effective usage counts of patient-controlled intravenous analgesia with Sufentanil between the control and observation groups (both P > 0.05). However, the NRS scores of the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group at 8, 12, and 24 hours postoperatively. Specifically, the NRS scores of the observation group were (4.38 ± 1.24) points, (3.41 ± 0.19) points, and (2.90 ± 0.17) points, respectively, while those of the control group were (5.24 ± 1.01) points, (4.65 ± 1.24) points, and (3.32 ± 1.00) points, respectively ( t = 4.66, 8.56, 3.59, all P < 0.001). Patients in the observation group exhibited significantly more frequent off-bed activities [(2.62 ± 1.24) times], a notably longer cumulative duration of off-bed activities [(1.36 ± 0.20) hours], and a significantly shorter duration of first anal exhaust [(13.50 ± 1.27) hours] compared with those in the control group [(1.06 ± 0.12) times, (0.36 ± 0.09) hours, (20.10 ± 2.16) hours, t = -10.84, -39.49, 22.81, all P < 0.001]. Furthermore, the observation group demonstrated a shorter postoperative hospital stay [(8.90 ± 1.34) days], lower hospitalization costs [(55.8 ± 2.1) thousand yuan], and higher patient satisfaction scores [(88.98 ± 5.64) points] compared with the control group [(11.15 ± 1.29) days, (59.4 ± 6.2) thousand yuan, (72.16 ± 3.26) points, t = 10.48, 4.76, -22.36, all P < 0.001]. Conclusion:The implementation of preemptive analgesia intervention among older adult patients undergoing laparoscopic hepatectomy effectively enhances analgesic outcomes, accelerates postoperative recovery, reduces hospitalization duration, and markedly decreases hospitalization costs.

2.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1018733

ABSTRACT

Objective To explore the differential diagnostic indicators of adult-onset Still's disease(AOSD)from other fever of unknown origin(FUO).Methods The clinical data and laboratory indicators of 177 AOSD patients and 163 FUO patients who were hospitalized in the First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University from January 2010 to May 2021 were collected,and the patients were randomly divided into training group and verification group.Statistically significant variables were extracted from univariate analysis for receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis and the best cut-off value of the variables was obtained.The differential diagnostic indicators were extracted by multivariate logistic regression analysis and nomogram model was constructed.ROC curve,calibration curve,and decision curve analysis were used to evaluate the accuracy and stability of nomogram.Results Univariate analysis revealed that there were significant differences in 4 clinical features(arthralgia,rash,pharyngeal pain,myalgia)and 14 laboratory parameters[white blood cell count(WBC),monocyte percentage,neutrophil percentage,lymphocyte percentage,platelet count,C-reactive protein,interleukin-6(IL-6),ferritin,globulin,immunoglobulin A,and immunoglobulin G(IgG),creatine kinase,creatinine and complement C3].Multivariate analysis suggested that arthralgia,WBC≥9.995×109/L,IL-6≥98.13 ng/L,ferritin≥507.37 ng/ml,globulin≤36.58g/L,IgG≤13.59g/L,complement C3≥1.27 g/L were related with AOSD.The area under curve(AUC)values of training group and verification group were 0.917(95%CI 0.883-0.951)and 0.869(95%CI 0.802-0.936),respectively.The calibration curves showed good consistency.The decision curve analysis showed that training group and verification group had a large positive rate of return in the wide risk range of 5%-85%and 10%-85%,respectively.Conclusions This study has established a relatively accurate AOSD differential diagnosis model.The combination of arthralgia,WBC,IL-6,ferritin,globulin,IgG and complement C3 may help to distinguish AOSD from other causes of FUO.

3.
China Pharmacy ; (12): 1642-1645, 2023.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-977857

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE To investigate the present equipment and management situation of narcotic drugs in primary healthcare institutions from Qiandongnan prefecture of Guizhou province. METHODS The questionnaire survey was conducted among pharmacy department heads and medical staff from primary healthcare institutions in Qiandongnan prefecture of Guizhou province. Descriptive statistical analysis was conducted on the survey results. RESULTS Of 251 healthcare institutions in this survey, 29 healthcare institutions were equipped with narcotic drugs, accounting for 11.55%. The reasons for the narcotic drugs unequipped were mainly as follows: insufficient attention, no storage conditions for narcotic drugs, complex program of narcotic drug management, small amount usage and so on. Among the 29 primary healthcare institutions equipped with narcotic drugs, all of them did not monitor patient usage, accounting for 100%; 29 healthcare institutions did not implement a return visit or follow-up every 3 months, accounting for 100%. CONCLUSIONS The health administration departments should strengthen the administration of narcotic drugs in primary healthcare institutions. At the same time, training on standardized management and clinical rational application of narcotic drugs for medical staff in primary healthcare institutions should be enhanced by the health administrative department.

4.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-981991

ABSTRACT

Endoscopy is a common tool for the diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal disorders in children. The presence of bubbles in the gastrointestinal tract is one of the important factors affecting the clarity of endoscopic visual field, and the application of defoamers can significantly reduce bubbles in the gastrointestinal tract, improve the quality of gastrointestinal preparation, and further increase disease detection rate. Various studies have been conducted on gastrointestinal preparation before endoscopy in children, but there still lacks a uniform protocol for the application of defoamers. This article summarizes the use of defoamers in children before digestive endoscopy and related research advances and points out that existing studies on defoamers have a small sample size and that there are still controversies over the selection and timing of administration, so as to provide a reference for in-depth research on defoamers in the future.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal , Gastrointestinal Diseases/diagnosis
5.
International Journal of Surgery ; (12): 480-486,C4, 2023.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-989486

ABSTRACT

Objective:To investigate the change of syndesmotic volume via CT scan in Danis-Weber B type ankle fracture, aiming to provide a non-invasive diagnostic method for Danis-Weber B type ankle fracture combined with syndesmotic injury.Methods:Retrospective analysis was performed on 48 patients with Danis-Weber B type ankle fractures in Shanghai Sixth People′s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from January 2018 to March 2022, including 30 males and 18 females, aging (43.71±19.41) years. Ankle CT scans and three-dimensional reconstructions were performed before surgery and at the last follow-up, measuring the syndesmotic volume between the tibiotalar joint and 1, 3 and 5 cm above the ankle and compared with each other. Intraoperative exploration was used as the gold standard for the syndesmotic injury. Based on the results of exploration of the syndesmotic injury, patients were divided into simple ankle fracture group (fracture group, 25 cases) and ankle fracture combined with syndesmotic injury group (fracture + ligament group, 23 cases). The sensitivity and specificity of this diagnostic method were statistically evaluated. The assessments at the last follow-up were performed to value the clinical effect of surgery. The metric data conforming to the normal distribution were expressed as mean ± standard deviation ( ± s), and the t-tests were used for comparison between groups. The measurement data of skewed distribution were expressed as quartile M( Q1, Q3), and nonparametric tests were used for intergroup comparison. Counting data were expressed as number of cases and percentage (%), and Chi-square test were used for intergroup comparison. Results:In the fracture group, there were no statistically significant differences of the syndesmotic volume at 1, 3, and 5 cm above the ankle joint before surgery and at the last follow-up ( P=0.219, 0.269, 0.103). On the contrary, the volume above were statistically significant in the fracture + ligament group ( P<0.001). There were statistically significant differences in syndesmotic volume between the two groups at 1, 3, and 5 cm above the ankle joint preoperatively ( P=0.005, 0.004, 0.038). By contrast, there were no statistical differences between the two groups postoperatively ( P=0.082, 0.155, 0.249). For the sensitivity and specificity of Danis-Weber B type ankle fractures combined with syndesmotic injury, they were 92% and 67% at 1 cm above the ankle joint, 69% and 87% at 3 cm above the ankle joint, and 62% and 87% at 5 cm above the ankle joint, respectively. The last follow-up clinical function score indicated a good surgical outcome. Conclusions:Volumetric measurement via CT scan is one of the diagnostic methods for evaluating Danis-Weber B type ankle fracture combined with syndesmotic injurys. Open resection internal fixation combined with elastic fixation of the ankle fracture combined with syndesmotic injurys can significantly reduce the lower tibiofibular volume, and the efficacy is definite.

6.
Chinese Journal of Digestion ; (12): 268-273, 2023.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-995435

ABSTRACT

Objective:To analyze the endoscopic characteristics of early gastric cancer and precancerous lesions after Helicobacter pylori ( H. pylori) eradication. Methods:From May 2019 to June 2022, at Shanghai Sixth People′s Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, the medical data of patients diagnosed with differentiated early gastric cancer and precancerous lesions were collected. A total of 93 patients with early gastric cancer and precancerous lesions who had previous history of H. pylori infection and had undergone standardized eradication treatment were selected, and their endoscopic characteristics were retrospectively analyzed. Independent sample t-test, chi-square test, and Fisher′s exact test were used for statistical analysis. Results:Among 93 patients with early gastric cancer and precancerous lesions after H. pylori eradication, there were 56 males and 37 females, with an average age of (66.9±8.2) years old. The time after H. pylori eradication was 3.4 years (range 1.0 to 7.0 years). A total of 109 early gastric cancer and precancerous lesions were found, including 79 patients with single lesion and 14 patients with multiple lesions (30 lesions). There were 60 cases with 73 lesions in the early gastric cancer group and 33 cases with 36 lesions in the precancerous group. Among 93 patients, 89 cases (95.7%) were diagnosed with atrophy level above C-2 according to Kimura-Takemoto classification under endoscopy. The long diameter of 109 lesions was (1.38±0.70) cm and the short diameter was (1.04±0.53) cm. A total of 80 lesions (73.4%) were located in the lower 1/3 part of the stomach, and 53 lesions (48.6%) were located in the lesser curvature. A total of 106 lesions (97.2%) were superficial type (0-Ⅱ) under the endoscopy. The long diameter and short diameter in the early gastric cancer group after H. pylori eradication were both greater than those in the precancerous lesion group ((1.54±0.78) cm vs. (1.06±0.35) cm, (1.16±0.58) cm vs. (0.78±0.33) cm), and the differences were statistically significant ( t=3.53 and 3.73, both P<0.001). There was statistically significant difference in the morphological types between early gastric cancer group after H. pylori eradication and precancerous lesion group ( χ2=11.01, P=0.012). The main morphological type of early gastric cancer after H. pylori eradication was superficial depression type (0-Ⅱc), accounting for 45.2% (33/73), while the precancerous lesions were mainly superficial protruded and flat type, both accounting for 38.9% (14/36). Conclusions:After H. pylori eradication, the endoscopic atrophy range of early gastric cancer and precancerous lesions is mostly above C-2. And the lesions are mostly located in the middle and lower 1/3 part of the stomach, long diameter of lesions <20 mm. The main morphological type is superficial type, especially superficial depression type.

7.
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica ; (12): 2610-2622, 2023.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-999013

ABSTRACT

Design of structurally-novel drug molecules with deep learning can overcome the technical bottleneck of classical computer-aided drug design. It has become the frontier of new technique research on drug design, and has shown great potential in drug research and development practice. This review starts from the basic principles of deep learning-driven de novo drug design, goes on with the brief introduction to deep molecular generation techniques as well as computational tools and the analysis on representative successful cases, and eventually provides our perspective for future direction and application prospect about this technique. This review will provide ideas on new technique research and references for new drug research and development practice to which this technique is applied.

8.
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B ; (6): 4945-4962, 2023.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1011213

ABSTRACT

The bacterial ATP-competitive GyrB/ParE subunits of type II topoisomerase are important anti-bacterial targets to treat super drug-resistant bacterial infections. Herein we discovered novel pyrrolamide-type GyrB/ParE inhibitors based on the structural modifications of the candidate AZD5099 that was withdrawn from the clinical trials due to safety liabilities such as mitochondrial toxicity. The hydroxyisopropyl pyridazine compound 28 had a significant inhibitory effect on Gyrase (GyrB, IC50 = 49 nmol/L) and a modest inhibitory effect on Topo IV (ParE, IC50 = 1.513 μmol/L) of Staphylococcus aureus. It also had significant antibacterial activities on susceptible and resistant Gram-positive bacteria with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of less than 0.03 μg/mL, which showed a time-dependent bactericidal effect and low frequencies of spontaneous resistance against S. aureus. Compound 28 had better protective effects than the positive control drugs such as DS-2969 ( 5) and AZD5099 ( 6) in mouse models of sepsis induced by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection. It also showed better bactericidal activities than clinically used vancomycin in the mouse thigh MRSA infection models. Moreover, compound 28 has much lower mitochondrial toxicity than AZD5099 ( 6) as well as excellent therapeutic indexes and pharmacokinetic properties. At present, compound 28 has been evaluated as a pre-clinical drug candidate for the treatment of drug-resistant Gram-positive bacterial infection. On the other hand, compound 28 also has good inhibitory activities against stubborn Gram-negative bacteria such as Escherichia coli (MIC = 1 μg/mL), which is comparable with the most potent pyrrolamide-type GyrB/ParE inhibitors reported recently. In addition, the structure-activity relationships of the compounds were also studied.

9.
Chinese Journal of Hepatology ; (12): 297-303, 2022.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-935941

ABSTRACT

Objective: To screen and analyze the key differentially expressed genes characteristics in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) with bioinformatics method. Methods: NAFLD-related expression matrix GSE89632 was downloaded from the GEO database. Limma package was used to screen differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in healthy, steatosis (SS), and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) samples. WGCNA was used to analyze the output gene module. The intersection of module genes and differential genes was used to determine the differential genes characteristic, and then GO function and KEGG signaling pathway enrichment analysis were performed. The protein-protein interaction network (PPI) was constructed using the online website STRING and Cytoscape software, and the key (Hub) genes were screened. Finally, R software was used to analyze the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) of the Hub gene. Results: 92 differentially expressed genes characteristic were obtained through screening, which were mainly enriched in inflammatory response-related functions of "lipopolysaccharide response and molecular response of bacterial origin", as well as cancer signaling pathways of "proteoglycan in cancer" and "T-cell leukemia virus infection-related". 10 hub genes (FOS, CXCL8, SERPINE1, CYR61, THBS1, FOSL1, CCL2, MYC, SOCS3 and ATF3) had good diagnostic value. Conclusion: The differentially expressed hub genes among the 10 NAFLD disease-related characteristics obtained with bioinformatics analysis may become a diagnostic and prognostic marker and potential therapeutic target for NAFLD. However, further basic and clinical studies are needed to validate.


Subject(s)
Humans , Computational Biology/methods , Gene Expression Profiling/methods , Gene Regulatory Networks , Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/genetics , Protein Interaction Maps/genetics
10.
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica ; (12): 2751-2758, 2022.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-941502

ABSTRACT

This study investigated the inhibitory effect and mechanisms of cryptotanshinone (CPT) on tamoxifen resistant cell MCF7-TAMR. The inhibitory effect of CPT on the viability of MCF7-TAMR cells was evaluated using the MTT assay. We found that CPT significantly inhibited the growth of MCF7-TAMR cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The half inhibitory concentration (IC50) is 15.14 ± 2.82 μmol·L-1 at 24 h. CPT induced cell cycle arrest of MCF7-TAMR cells at G0/G1 phase, and promoted apoptosis of MCF7-TAMR cells by upregulating intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Transwell results showed that CPT significantly inhibited the migration of MCF7-TAMR cells. Furthermore, CPT decreased the CD24-/lowCD44+ cell population in MCF7-TAMR cell-derived microspheres. Western blot results showed that CPT effectively inhibited the phosphorylation of estrogen receptor α (ER-α), and reduced the expression of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K-p85), serine-threonine protein kinase (Akt) and multidrug transporter ATP-binding cassette superfamily G member 2 (ABCG2). These results showed that CPT can induce cell apoptosis, cause cell cycle arrest, inhibit cell migration and inhibit ER-α phosphorylation, inhibit PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, reduce the number of CD24-/lowCD44+ cells and the expression of ABCG2, overcome cell drug resistance.

11.
Asian Journal of Andrology ; (6): 171-175, 2022.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-928501

ABSTRACT

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) secrete various cytokines with angiogenic and neuroprotective effects. This study aimed to assess the effects of human umbilical cord Wharton's jelly-derived MSCs (hWJ-MSCs) on diabetes-related intracavernosal pressure (ICP) impairment in rats. hWJ-MSCs were isolated from human umbilical cord Wharton's jelly and transplanted into the corpus cavernosum of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats by unilateral injection. The erectile function was evaluated at 4 weeks, as well as the expression levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1). STZ-induced diabetic rats showed impaired ICP, which was significantly improved by hWJ-MSC treatment. VEGF, eNOS, IGF1, and bFGF expression levels were higher in hWJ-MSC injection sites than those in control ones in STZ-induced diabetic rats. These results suggest that hWJ-MSC transplantation might improve diabetic erectile dysfunction through increased production of paracrine growth factors, highlighting a novel potential therapeutic option for erectile dysfunction.


Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Male , Rats , Cell Differentiation , Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/therapy , Erectile Dysfunction/therapy , Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation/methods , Umbilical Cord , Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A , Wharton Jelly
12.
Asian Journal of Andrology ; (6): 191-194, 2022.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-928523

ABSTRACT

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common disease in elderly men, and transurethral laser prostatectomy (TULP) has been widely used in the clinic to remove bladder outlet obstruction caused by BPH. Previous animal models for wound repair after prostatectomy have many limitations, and there have been no previous reports of a mouse model of TULP. Therefore, this study aimed to establish a novel mouse model of TULP. Twelve healthy adult Kunming (KM) mice received transurethral laser vaporization prostatectomy with a 200-μm thulium laser. The mice were sacrificed, and wound specimens from the prostatic urethra and bladder neck were harvested at 1 day, 3 days, 5 days, and 7 days after surgery. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) and immunohistochemistry were applied to confirm the establishment of the mouse TULP model. One day after the surgery, urothelium expressing uroplakin (UPK) was absent in the urethral wound site, and a large number of necrotic tissues were found in the wound site. There was no UPK-positive urothelium in the wound 3 days after surgery. At 5 days after surgery, monolayer urothelium expressing UPK was found in the wound site, indicating that the re-epithelization of the wound had been completed. On the 7th day after surgery, there were multiple layers of urothelium with UPK expression, indicating that the repair was completed. It is feasible to establish a mouse TULP model by using a microcystoscope system and a 200-μm thulium laser.


Subject(s)
Aged , Animals , Humans , Male , Mice , Laser Therapy , Prostatectomy , Prostatic Hyperplasia/surgery , Thulium , Transurethral Resection of Prostate
13.
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica ; (12): 3331-3344, 2021.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-906833

ABSTRACT

italic>Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo is a rare Chinese herbal medicine, while Dendrobium crepidatum Lindl is a local medicine in Yunnan, both of which have the function of nourishing yin and stomach. To reveal the differences in chemical composition between the two species, ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time of flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS) was used to analyze the chemical composition of stems and leaves of D. officinale and D. crepidatum. Principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were used to determine the differences in metabolites between species and parts of Dendrobium. Fifty-eight chemical compounds were identified in the two species. Analysis indicated that the side ring of alkaloids connected with nitrogen was readily cleaved during analysis. The results of PCA analysis showed that the stems and leaves of D. officinale and D. crepidatum could be easily differentiated, and the chemical constituents of D. officinale and D. crepidatum were significantly different. OPLS-DA analysis showed that there were 16 metabolite differences between the stems and 22 differences in metabolites between the leaves of D. officinale and D. crepidatum. The main metabolite differences in components between the two Dendrobium species were dendrocrepidine B, dendrocrepidine C and dendrocrepine. There were 14 differences in metabolites between the stems and leaves of D. crepidatum. In conclusion, the chemical compositions of D. officinale and D. crepidatum are quite different; the small molecular compounds of D. officinale are mainly terpenoids and flavonoids, and the content of alkaloids is low. There is no significant difference between stem and leaf. In contrast, D. crepidatum is mainly composed of alkaloids and terpenoids, with crepidamine and dendrocrepine as its unique components, and there are great differences in the components between stems and leaves. This study provides a theoretical basis for the development and utilization of Dendrobium resources.

14.
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica ; (12): 1006-1015, 2021.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-886979

ABSTRACT

Lefamulin (BC-3781) is a semi-synthetic pleuromutilin antibiotic, approved for the treatment of community-acquired bacterial pneumonia (CABP) by Food and Drug Administration (USA) in August 2019, with the commodity name of Xenleta. It is the first pleuromutilin antibiotics used for systemic treatment of bacterial infections in human. Lefamulin binds to the peptidyl transferase center of the 50S ribosomal subunit to prevent peptide transfer, thus inhibits protein synthesis. Lefamulin displays expanded activity against gram-positive organisms, and also shows high activity against atypical microorganism like Mycoplasma pneumoniae. This review discusses the mechanism, bacterial spectrum of activity, preclinical and clinical data of Lefamulin.

15.
Asian Journal of Andrology ; (6): 415-420, 2021.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-888428

ABSTRACT

To improve the diagnostic efficiency of prostate cancer (PCa) and reduce unnecessary biopsies, we defined and analyzed the diagnostic efficiency of peripheral zone prostate-specific antigen (PSA) density (PZ-PSAD). Patients who underwent systematic 12-core prostate biopsies in Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai, China) between January 2012 and January 2018 were retrospectively identified (n = 529). Another group of patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (n = 100) were randomly preselected to obtain the PSA density of the non-PCa cohort (N-PSAD). Prostate volumes and transition zone volumes were measured using multiparameter magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) and were combined with PSA and N-PSAD to obtain the PZ-PSAD from a specific algorithm. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to assess the PCa detection efficiency in patients stratified by PSA level, and the area under the ROC curve (AUC) of PZ-PSAD was higher than that of PSA, PSA density (PSAD), and transition zone PSA density (TZ-PSAD). PZ-PSAD could amend the diagnosis for more than half of the patients with inaccurate transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) and mpMRI results. When TRUS and mpMRI findings were ambiguous to predict PCa (PIRADS score ≤3), PZ-PSAD could increase the positive rate of biopsy from 21.7% to 54.7%, and help 63.8% (150/235) of patients avoid unnecessary prostate biopsy. In patients whose PSA was 4.0-10.0 ng ml

16.
Asian Journal of Andrology ; (6): 602-610, 2021.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-922364

ABSTRACT

Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) is a promising therapy that has been increasingly explored in basic research and clinical applications. LIPUS is an appealing therapeutic option as it is a noninvasive treatment that has many advantages, including no risk of infection or tissue damage and no known adverse reactions. LIPUS has been shown to have many benefits including promotion of tissue healing, angiogenesis, and tissue regeneration; inhibition of inflammation and pain relief; and stimulation of cell proliferation and differentiation. The biophysical mechanisms of LIPUS remain unclear and the studies are ongoing. In recent years, more and more research has focused on the relationship between LIPUS and stem/progenitor cells. A comprehensive search of the PubMed and Embase databases to July 2020 was performed. LIPUS has many effects on stem cells. Studies show that LIPUS can stimulate stem cells in vitro; promote stem cell proliferation, differentiation, and migration; maintain stem cell activity; alleviate the problems of insufficient seed cell source, differentiation, and maturation; and circumvent the low efficiency of stem cell transplantation. The mechanisms involved in the effects of LIPUS are not fully understood, but the effects demonstrated in studies thus far have been favorable. Much additional research is needed before LIPUS can progress from basic science research to large-scale clinical dissemination and application.


Subject(s)
Humans , Cell Proliferation , Signal Transduction , Stem Cells/radiation effects , Ultrasonic Therapy/methods , Ultrasonic Waves
17.
Asian Journal of Andrology ; (6): 64-68, 2021.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-879735

ABSTRACT

We conducted the present study to assess the correlation of the prostatic anatomical parameters, especially the ratio of peripheral zone thickness and transitional zone thickness, with clinical and uroflowmetry characteristics suggestive of benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH). A total of 468 consecutive patients with a detailed medical history were identified. All patients were evaluated by scoring subjective symptoms with the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) and quality of life (QoL). The prostatic anatomical parameters were measured using transrectal ultrasonography, and postvoid residual urine and maximum flow rate (Q

18.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-942910

ABSTRACT

Both pylorus-preserving gastrectomy (PPG) and segmental gastrectomy (SG) achieve the preservation of gastric cardia and pylorus through the circumferential resection of stomach, while concepts and surgical procedures of these two operations are obviously different. In this sense, transectional gastrectomy includes both PPG and SG. PPG is one of the standard surgical procedure for early gastric cancer (EGC). The extent of lymph node dissection (No.1, 3, 4sb, 4d, 6, 7, 8a, 9) and the retention of infrapyloric vessels, hepatic and pyloric branch of vagal nerve has formed a consensus. Meanwhile, SG is regarded as an investigational treatment according to the Japanese gastric cancer treatment guidelines. It is still controversial and may generate an ethical risk in the clinical practice. This article distinguishes the difference in the concepts and surgical procedures between PPG and SG, assisting a comprehensive evaluation in further research.


Subject(s)
Humans , Cardia , Gastrectomy , Lymph Node Excision , Pylorus , Stomach Neoplasms/surgery
19.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-881472

ABSTRACT

In order to compare the standards for quinolone residues in animal-derived food in China and supervision among multiple regulatory sectors, we summarized and compared the current standards for the limits of quinolone residues in animal-derived food in China and sampling examination strategy among regulatory sectors. There were defects in the standard limits of lomefloxacin, pefloxacin, ofloxacin, and norfloxacin which have been banned by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs. In addition, the determination limits of those indexes in the supervision remain inconsistent across multiple regulatory sectors. Multiple regulatory sectors on food safety should perform further risk assessment on the above problems and formulate the standards for the limits of quinolone residues in animal-derived food that may be applicable in China.

20.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1015871

ABSTRACT

A common pathological features of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the excessive activation of inositol-requiring enzyme-1α (IRE1α) downstream of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and the abnormal expression of microRNA (miRNA) with a variety of cellular physiological functions. Studies have found that IRE1α and miRNA are not alone in the AD pathologenesis. IRE1α can regulate the expression of miR-200, miR-7, miR-17 and miR-34, and participate in most AD brain diseases such as Aβ deposition, Tau protein hyperphosphorylation and neuronal apoptosis. It is suggested that IRE1α-miRNA signal abnormality is one of the pathological mechanisms of AD. Exercise can prevent and delay AD, but its mechanism is unclear. Studies have found that exercise could interfere with AD by regulating the IRE1αmiRNA signaling pathway. The specific mechanisms of action include: (1) Exercise improves the adaptation of AD brain energy metabolism and alleviates the excessive activation of brain IRE1α signals. (2) Exercise regulates the expression of miRNA in the brain, exerts epigenetic effects, and reduces pathologies such as Aβ and Tau protein aggregation. (3) The IRE1α-miRNA pathway and its downstream protein changes can mediate exercise to resist the development of AD. This article will review the relationship between IRE1α-miRNA and AD pathology and its exercise feedback mechanism, aiming to provide evidence and ideas for AD diagnosis and treatment strategies.

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