Association between sarcopenia and metabolic syndrome in middle-aged and elderly people in Urumqi， Xinjiang / 上海预防医学

ObjectiveTo obtain the prevalence of sarcopenia in middle-aged and elderly people in Urumqi based on the 2020 updated based on the 2020 updated Consensus Report 2019 of Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia （AWGS2019）， and to further explore the association between sarcopenia and metabolic syndrome （MS）. MethodsA total of 1 438 middle-aged and elderly people （aged≥50 years） in Urumqi from July 2018 to January 2019 were selected as the research subjects. Data were collected by questionnaire survey， physical examination and laboratory test. Skeletal muscle mass，grip strength and 4 m walking speed were used to represent muscle mass， muscle strength and body function， respectively. Bioelectrical impedance analysis （BIA） was used to measure human body components. Based on the diagnostic criteria of sarcopenia recommended by AWGS2019， the prevalence of sarcopenia in people over 50 years old was obtained. Multivariate logistic regression model was used to explore the correlation between sarcopenia and MS in middle-aged and elderly people of different genders. ResultsThere were 194 patients with sarcopenia， with a prevalence of 13.49%. The prevalence was 15.56% in males and 12.12% in females. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of MS between male sarcopenia group （40.45%） and non-sarcopenia group （38.92%）， while the prevalence of MS in female sarcopenia group （39.04%） was higher than that in non-sarcopenia group （27.56%）. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that sarcopenia was a related factor of MS. Compared with non-sarcopenia， the risk of MS in male sarcopenia group was higher （OR=2.11，95%CI： 1.15‒3.88 ）. ConclusionSarcopenia increases the risk of MS in middle-aged and elderly people， with a greater risk in men. Fully understanding of sarcopenia is helpful to early identify high-risk groups of MS and prevent the occurrence of MS.

The Relationship between MicroRNA Expression Profiling in Imatinib-Resistant Cell Line K562/G and Potential Mechanism through FOXO3/Bcl-6 Signaling Pathway / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the drug resistant related FOXO3/Bcl-6 signaling pathway in K562/G cell line and its related microRNA(miRNA) mechanisms.@*METHODS@#The drug resistance potency of imatinib on K562/G was detected by MTT assay. The expression of FOXO3 and Bcl-6 proteins in K562 and K562/G cells was detected by Western blot. Real-time PCR (RT-PCR) was used to detect the expression of FOXO3 and Bcl-6 mRNA. The miRNA expression profiling in K562 and K562/G cells was analyzed by microarray technique, and the miRNA targeted to FOXO/Bcl-6 signaling pathway was identified.@*RESULTS@#The expression of FOXO3 and Bcl-6 protein was significantly increased in K562/G cells as compared with that in K562 cells (P<0.01), the expression level of Bcl-6 mRNA showed no increase in K562/G cells. However, FOXO3 mRNA was up-regulated in K562/G cells (P<0.05). MiRNA microarray results showed that 109 miRNAs were expressed differentially in K562 and K562/G cells. The expression of 81 miRNAs were up-regulated while 28 miRNAs were down-regulated. Through reverse prediction by bioinformatics, miR-6718-5p, miR-5195-5p, miR-4711-3p, miR-4763-5p, miR-4664-5p and miR-3176 were related to FOXO/Bcl-6 signaling pathway.@*CONCLUSION@#The FOXO3/Bcl-6 signaling pathway contributes to imatinib resistance in K562/G cell line, and the miRNA expression profiles showed significant differences between K562/G and K562 cells.

Relationship of serum homocysteine, folic acid and genetic polymorphism of methyltetrahydrofolate reductase in patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy / 中华核医学与分子影像杂志

Objective:To investigate the relationship between serum homocysteine (HCY), folate (FOL) and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T, A1298C gene polymorphism in patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy (DN).Methods:A total of 161 patients with type 2 diabetes diagnosed in Jiangsu Shengze Hospital between January 2017 and December 2018, including 81 DN (41 males, 40 females; age: (61.5±14.2) years), 80 diabetic mellitus without nephropathy (DM; 42 males, 38 females, age: (57.7±10.8) years), and 77 normal controls (NC; 39 males, 38 females, age: (58.2±16.3) years) were retrospectively analyzed. The serum levels of HCY and FOL were detected by enzyme circulation and electrochemiluminescence respectively. TaqMan genotyping technique was used to detect MTHFR 677T&A1298 gene polymorphism. The serum levels of HCY and FOL were compared with one-way analysis of variance (the least significant difference t test), and the distribution differences of MTHFR gene were analyzed by χ2 test. Results:The difference of HCY level among DN, DM and NC groups was significantly different ((19.76±7.81), (15.62±5.01) and (8.09±3.74) μmol/L; F=81.738, P<0.001). The FOL level among the 3 groups was also significantly different ((12.18±3.01), (13.50±2.71) and (15.43±2.95) μg/L; F=26.978, P<0.001). The frequencies of 677T allele (51.2%, 83/162), 677TT/1298AA genotype (25.9%, 21/81) in DN group were significantly higher than those in DM (33.1%, 53/160; 11.2%, 9/80) and NC (33.8%, 52/154; 10.4%, 8/77) groups ( χ2 values: 10.821, 9.099, both P<0.05), but the 1298C allele frequency was not significantly different among the 3 groups (21.6%(35/162, DN) vs 16.9%(27/160, DM) vs 18.2%(28/154, NC); χ2=1.269, P>0.05). The levels of HCY and FOL in individuals with 677TT/1298AA genotype were significantly higher than those in individuals with other genotypes ( F values: 12.955, 15.504, all P<0.05). Conclusion:The abnormal metabolism of HCY and FOL caused by MTHFR C677T&A1298C gene polymorphism may be the genetic risk factor of DN.

Surgical methods and clinical efficacy of different types of cesarean scar pregnancy / 中国基层医药

Objective:To compare surgical methods and clinical efficacy among different types of cesarean scar pregnancy (CSP).Methods:A total of 158 patients with CSP who received treatment in Yuncheng Central Hospital from January 2016 to June 2019 were included in this study. According to Expert Consensus on Diagnosis and Treatment of Cesarean Scar Pregnancy (2016 version), type I CSP was found in 55 patients, type II in 86 patients and type III in 17 patients. These patients were divided into groups A (ultrasound-guided suction curettage), B (uterine artery chemoembolization + ultrasound-guided suction curettage) and C (laparoscopic scar pregnancy lesion resection + scar repair) according to different surgical methods. The amount of intraoperative blood loss, the difference in human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) level between before and after surgery, the time to postoperative HCG level returning to normal level, menstruation recovery, and re-pregnancy were compared between groups.Results:The amount of intraoperative blood loss in the groups A, B and C was (43.33 ± 72.31) mL, (34.41 ± 17.16) mL, (65.71 ± 70.52) mL, respectively. There was significant difference between groups ( F = 8.51, P = 0.014]. The difference in HCG level between before and after surgery in groups A, B and C was (0.64 ± 0.18), (0.79 ± 0.10), (0.76 ± 0.19), respectively. There was significant difference in the difference in HCG level between groups ( F = 19.21, P < 0.001). There was significant difference in the incidence of postoperative menstrual volume reduction between group B and the other two groups ( χ2 = 6.73, P = 0.003). After surgery, intrauterine pregnancy occurred in 12 patients, including 8 patients in group A (type I CSP in 2 patients, type II CSP in 3 patients, type III CSP in 3 patients), 4 patients in group B (type I CSP in 3 patients, type II CSP in 1 patient). Finally, full-term fetus delivery by cesarean section was performed in 6 patients (4 patients in group A and 2 patients in group B). Conclusion:Uterine artery chemoembolization combined with uterine curettage had less blood loss, during surgery and leads to an obvious decrease in HCG level, but it can result in reduction of menstrual volume. Ultrasound-guided suction curettage is preferred for type I and type II CSP. Balloon compression can be used to stop bleeding if massive bleeding occurs. Laparoscopic scar pregnancy lesion resection plus scar repair is recommended for type III CSP.

Role of p38 MAPK/CREB signaling pathway in tetramethylpyrazine-induced reduction of hippocampal inflammatory responses in mice with sepsis-associated encephalopathy / 中华麻醉学杂志

Objective:To evaluate the role of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element-binding protein (CREB) signaling pathway in tetramethylpyrazine-induced reduction of hippocampal inflammatory responses in mice with sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE).Methods:Sixty healthy male C57BL6 mice, weighing 24-27 g, were divided into 4 groups ( n=15 each) using a random number table method: sham operation group (group Sham), sepsis group (group Sep), tetramethylpyrazine group (group TMP) and p38 MAPK inhibitor SB203580 group (group SB). The model of SAE was established by cecal ligation and puncture in anesthetized mice.Tetramethylpyrazine 10 mg/kg was injected intraperitoneally once a day at 3 days before the establishment of the model in TMP group, and SB203580 2.0 mg/kg was intraperitoneally injected at 30 min after the establishment of the model in SB group.The equal volume of normal saline was given intraperitoneally in Sham and Sep groups.At 1 day after operation, cognitive function was assessed by Morris water maze, and the escape latency and ratio of time spent in the target quadrant were recorded.The animals were sacrificed after the test, and hippocampal tissues were taken for determination of the contents of interleukin-1beta (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and IL-6 (by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) and for detection of the expression of phosphorylation of p38 MAPK, GSK3 and CREB and expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) (by Western blot). Results:Compared with group Sham, the escape latency was significantly prolonged, the ratios of time spent in the target quadrant were decreased, the contents of IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-6 were increased, the phosphorylation of hippocampus p38 MAPK was increased, the phosphorylation of GSK3 and CREB were decreased, and the expression of BDNF was down-regulated in Sep, TMP and SB groups ( P<0.05). Compared with group Sep, the escape latency was significantly shortened, the ratios of time spent in the target quadrant were increased, the contents of IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-6 were decreased, the phosphorylation of hippocampus p38 MAPK was decreased, the phosphorylation of GSK3 and CREB were increased, and the expression of BDNF was up-regulated in TMP and SB groups ( P<0.05). Compared with group TMP, no significant change was found in the parameters mentioned above in group SB ( P>0.05). Conclusion:p38 MAPK/CREB signaling pathway is involved in the process of tetramethylpyrazine-induced reduction of hippocampal inflammatory responses in mice with SAE.

Research progress in pachychoroid spectrum disease / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

@#Choroidal thickening spectrum diseases include pachychoroid pigment epitheliopathy(PPE)central serous chorioretinopathy(CSC), pachychoroid neovascularization(PNV)and polypoidal choroidal-vasculopathy(PCV). PPE refers to permanent abnormal increase in choroidal thickness. It is manifested as dilatation of large choroidal vessels(Haller layer)oppressing the surrounding middle vascular layer(Sattler layer)and capillary layer(Choriocapillaris layer), resulting in insufficient blood supply to the retinal pigment epithelium and causing a series of retinitis pigmentosa. The other three diseases can progress from the pachychoroid pigment epitheliopathy. The study of the pathogenic characteristics and imaging changes of choroidal thickening spectrum diseases will help to explore the diseases' pathogenesis, providing reference for early clinical diagnosis, prevention and treatment.

Conditional reprogramming: next generation cell culture

Long-term primary culture of mammalian cells has been always difficult due to unavoidable senescence. Conventional methods for generating immortalized cell lines usually require manipulation of genome which leads to change of important biological and genetic characteristics. Recently, conditional reprogramming (CR) emerges as a novel next generation tool for long-term culture of primary epithelium cells derived from almost all origins without alteration of genetic background of primary cells. CR co-cultures primary cells with inactivated mouse 3T3-J2 fibroblasts in the presence of RHO-related protein kinase (ROCK) inhibitor Y-27632, enabling primary cells to acquire stem-like characteristics while retain their ability to fully differentiate. With only a few years' development, CR shows broad prospects in applications in varied areas including disease modeling, regenerative medicine, drug evaluation, drug discovery as well as precision medicine. This review is thus to comprehensively summarize and assess current progress in understanding mechanism of CR and its wide applications, highlighting the value of CR in both basic and translational researches and discussing the challenges faced with CR.

Efficacy and safety of tranexamic acid in total hip arthroplasty via direct anterior approach / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the efficacy and safety of local application of tranexamic acid (TXA) in reducing perioperative blood loss in total hip arthroplasty via direct anterior approach (DAA).@*METHODS@#From July 2013 to September 2018, 46 patients with avascular necrosis of the femoral head were divided into tranexamic acid group (@*RESULTS@#The incision healed well and no obvious complications occurred in the two groups. All patients were followed up for 12 to 59 months(averaged 31.11 months). No hip pain was found in the follow-up patients. Hip joint function was improved effectively and no prosthesis loosening occurred. The total perioperative blood loss in tranexamic acid group and normal saline group was(740.09±77.14) ml and (1 069.07±113.53) ml respectively, 24 hours after operation, the drainage volume was (87.61±9.28) ml, (233.83±25.62) ml, the hidden blood loss was (409.65±38.01) ml and (588.33±57.16) ml. the difference of hemoglobin before and after operation was (24.78±2.19) g / L and (33.57±2.95) g / L, the difference was statistically significant (@*CONCLUSION@#local application of tranexamic acid in total hip arthroplasty through direct anterior approach can safely and effectively reduce perioperative blood loss, and does not increase the risk of thrombosis, and does not affect the normal recovery of joint function.

Study on a multidisciplinary continuing management model for hospitalized elderly patients with multimorbidity / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective:To construct a multidisciplinary continuing management model for hospitalized elderly patients with multimorbidity and to assess the effectiveness of this model, thus providing insights and suggestions for the management of elderly patients with co-morbidity.Methods:This was a prospective randomized controlled study.Patients with comorbidity admitted to the geriatric ward of our hospital from November 2015 to July 2017 were selected and received comprehensive geriatric assessment(CGA). Patients were randomly divided into the intervention group receiving continuous multidisciplinary medical treatment and the control group receiving conventional medical treatment.The work flow and characteristics of the intervention group were examined, and the effectiveness of the two models(including cost of hospitalization, duration, patient satisfaction, patient functional status, adverse events, and changes in healthy behavior awareness after 6 months of follow-up)were compared between the two groups.Results:A total of 440 patients with comorbidity were included in the study, with an average age of(76.0±8.1)years, including 226 in the intervention group and 214 in the control group.After multidisciplinary continuing medical intervention, patients in the intervention group were associated with a significantly higher level of satisfaction on physician availability(86.3% vs.74.8%, χ2=9.354, P=0.002), medical care(99.6%vs.86.7%, χ2=4.926, P=0.026)and nursing quality(93.4%vs.86.4%, χ2=5.829, P=0.016), compared with the control group.After 6 months of follow-up, the probability of adverse events in the intervention group was lower than that in the control group(61.1%vs.73.5%, χ2=7.436, P=0.006), and drug-related adverse reactions/events in the intervention group(9.0%vs.22.1%, χ2=13.858, P<0.000)were significantly lower than those in the control group.Furthermore, the proportion of patients with improved healthy behavior awareness was markedly higher in the intervention group than that in the control group(30.3%vs.5.4%, χ2=43.979, P<0.001). Conclusions:The multidisciplinary hospital-community continuity management model with CGA at the core can reduce the occurrence of adverse events, improve patient satisfaction and healthy behavior awareness, and is a worthy exploration of a new medical model for elderly comorbid patients.

Analysis of anxiety and depression in patients undergoing radiotherapy during COVID-19 epidemic period / 中华放射肿瘤学杂志

Objective:To investigate the anxiety and depression of cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy during the epidemic of COVID-19.Methods:By using self-rating anxiety scale and self-rating depression scale, a cross-sectional survey was conducted during the COVID-19 epidemic period.Results:During the COVID-19 epidemic period, the incidence of anxiety and depression in cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy was 15.8% and 27.7% respectively, of which 12.9% suffered from both anxiety and depression. The average scores of anxiety and depression were 49.4(25/76) and 46.4(25/83), respectively, which were higher than those of the domestic norm. Age is a contributing factor for anxiety, and patients living in urban are more likely to experience depression.Conclusions:The prevalence of anxiety and depression of cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy are higher than healthy people during the COVID-19 outbreak. We should pay more attention to the psychological states of the cancer patients.

Clinical study on treatment of lung cancer hydrothorax with Yiqi Yangjing decoction combined with traditional Chinese medicine sticking therapy / 中国基层医药

Objective:To observe the clinical effect of Yiqi Yangjing recipe combined with sticking therapy on lung cancer pleural effusion.Methods:From December 2017 to August 2019, 68 patients with advanced lung cancer and pleural effusion in Pudong New Area Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine were selected and randomly divided into two groups by random number table method, with 34 cases in each group.The control group was given furosemide orally on the basis of routine nutritional support treatment, and the treatment group was given Yiqi Yangjing prescription orally and traditional Chinese medicine sticking therapy on the basis of the control group.Both two groups were treated for 6 weeks.The changes of pleural fluid volume and quality of life scores were observed and compared between the two groups.Results:The total effective rate in the treatment group was 70.5%(24/34), which in the control group was 47.1%(16/34), the difference was statistically significant between the two groups(χ 2=3.886, P<0.05). The total effective rate of TCM syndrome integral was 64.7%(22/34) in the treatment group, and 35.3%(12/34) in the control group, the difference was statistically significant between the two groups(χ 2=5.800, P<0.05). After treatment, the overall quality of life score of the treatment group(55.74±5.15)points, which was higher than that of the control group[(51.91±5.20)points]( t=56.130, P<0.05). Conclusion:Yiqi Yangjing recipe combined with traditional Chinese medicine sticking therapy can effectively improve the clinical efficacy of lung cancer hydrothorax, improve the quality of life of patients.

Three-year effect evaluation of pit-and-fissure sealing of the first permanent molars in Henan provincial children / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To examine the retention rate and caries prevention effect of fit-and-fissure sealants after 3 years of children oral disease comprehensive intervention program in Henan province.@*Methods@#For each of the five provincial regions attending the program in 2015, two classes from grade 2 in four primary schools were selected. Children in two schools were assigned into intervention group and the first permanent molars which were appriopriate for sealing were sealed with pit-and-fissure sealants. Children in other two schools were included in the control group and the first permanent molars were only examined for caries conditions. Three years later, retention rate of pit-and-fissure sealants and the dental caries prevalence was compared.@*Results@#Complete retention rate of sealants in the first permanent molars was 65.55% and the whole retention rate was 94.78%. The caries incidence and mean value of the first permanent molars in the intervention group children was 9.71%, (0.12±0.40) respectively whereas those in control group was 21.90%, (0.39±0.78) respectively. The differences between two groups were statistically significant(χ2/t=27.76, 6.91, P<0.01). The relatively effective rate of sealing for caries reduction was 63.43% and the actural effective rate was 6.51% and the pure yield rate of sealing was 12.19%. Higher sealant retention rate was associated caries prevalence(χ2=153.28, P<0.01).@*Conclusion@#Childhood oral disease intervention project in Henan Province shows positive effects. Sealing of the first permanent molars effectively prevent dental pit and fissure caries.

Clinical effect of sodium hyaluronate and cyclosporine A eye drops for combination treatment of mixed dry eye syndrome / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

@#AIM: To analyze the efficacy of sodium hyaluronate and cyclosporine A eye drops in treating patients with mixed dry eye disease. <p>METHODS: Among patients diagnosed with dry eye who presented to our hospital between February 2018 to February 2019, 60(120 eyes)cases were divided into 30(60 eyes)in each control and treatment group by random number table method. Both groups received routine treatment with the methods of eyelid hot compress cleaning and meibomian gland massage. The treatment group received combined application of sodium hyaluronate eye drop(0.3%)and cyclosporine A eye drop(1%), while control group received carbomer eye drops used alone at four times daily. And dry eye symptom score, Schirmer I test(SⅠt), tear film break-up time(BUT)and corneal fluorescein staining(CFS)results were obtained before treatment, at the 1 and 3mo after initiation of treatment. <p>RESULTS: No statistically differences were observed in any of the indexes between the control group(dry eye symptom score: 13.52±2.15, SⅠt: 5.22±2.23, BUT: 5.02±1.58, CFS:2.82±0.81)and the treatment group(dry eye symptom score: 13.75+3.05, SⅠt: 5.54+2.89, BUT: 5.14+1.84, CFS: 2.73±0.45)before initiating treatment. One month later, the dry eye symptom score of the control group(12.22±2.64)and the treatment group(11.42±2.06)improved after treatment; the SⅠt of the control group(7.94±2.15)and the treatment group(8.63±2.78)also improved after treatment, and result of the treatment group was better than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant; the BUT of the control group(5.32±1.34)and the treatment group(5.46±1.45)were better after treatment, but the difference was not statistically significant. After 3mo treatment, the dry eye symptom score, SⅠt, BUT and CFS of the control group were 11.57±2.98, 8.44±2.35, 5.92±1.75, 1.92±0.44, respectively, and the dry eye symptom score, SⅠt, BUT and CFS of the control group were 9.23±2.34, 10.45±2.65, 5.92±1.75, 8.69±1.78, 1.59±0.79, respectively(<i>P</i><0.05).<p>CONCLUSIONS: Combination therapy of sodium hyaluronate eye drop and cyclosporine A eye drops treatments are effective for the treatment of mixed dry eye syndrome.

Radiography study on osteotome sinus floor elevation with placed implant simultaneously with no graft augmentation / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the change of endo-sinus bone height and bone volume in osteotome sinus floor elevation (OSFE) without bone graft but placing implants simultaneously by using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and three dimensional analysis, and to find the impacting factors on endo-sinus bone augmentation.@*METHODS@#OSFE was performed in 38 edentulous patients with missing teeth at posterior maxillary region, and 44 implants were placed and referred for OSFE using no graft materials. CBCT was performed pre-surgery and 9－68 months post-surgery when the patients encountered another implant surgery. The gained bone height at mesial, distal, buccal and palatal sites around the implant in sinus were measured, volumetric measurements of the endo-sinus gained bone volume (ESGBV) in the elevated region were calculated by Mimics software. Univariate analysis and multiple linear regression were performed to investigate the impacting factors on the gained bone height and ESGBV. Marginal bone loss was recorded according to the periapical radiography after implant restoration.@*RESULTS@#The mean residual bone height (RBH) pre-surgery was (3.41±1.23) mm, the mean protruded length (PL) into sinus of implant post-surgery was (3.41±1.28) mm, the mean endo-sinus gained bone height was (2.44±1.23) mm at distal sites, (2.88±1.20) mm at mesial sites, (2.83±1.22) mm at buccal sites and (2.96±1.16) mm at palatal sites, the mean endo-sinus gained bone height at distal sites was significantly lower than the other three sites (P < 0.05). The average endo-sinus gained bone height was (2.78±1.13) mm. The mean ESGBV was (122.15± 73.27) mm3. Univariate analysis showed the more RBH, the less bone height gained in sinus, which existed at buccal, lingual, mesial and distal sites (P < 0.001), and the more RBH, the smaller ESGBV gained (P=0.012). The ESGBV was significantly higher in the subjects whose bone generation period was more than 24 months than those whose bone generation period less than 24 months (P=0.034). The more PL, the more bone height and ESGBV gained (P=0.008). Multivariate analysis showed after adjusting factors of gender, age, smoking, width of sinus floor, thickness of sinus membrane pre-surgery, diameter and length of the implant, PL and bone generation period was positively correlated with mean endo-sinus gained bone height and ESGBV, while RBH negatively correlated with mean endo-sinus gained bone height. During the follow-up, the mean marginal bone loss was 0 (0－1.41) mm and all the implants loaded successfully.@*CONCLUSION@#OSFE without bone graft but with placed implant simultaneously can increase endo-sinus gained bone height and ESGBV. RBH, PL and bone generation period are the significant factors impacting endo-sinus bone augmentation.

Prognostic analysis of fluoroucil combined with cisplatin and paclitaxel combined with cisplatin regimens with concurrent radiotherapy in treatment of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma / 肿瘤研究与临床

Objective:To compare the prognosis of fluoroucil combined with cisplatin and paclitaxel combined with cisplatin regimens with concurrent radiotherapy in treatment of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.Methods:A total of 120 patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma who were admitted to Anyang Tumor Hospital of Henan Province from December 2012 to November 2018 were randomly divided into group A and group B by using a random number generator. Group A was given cisplatin combined with 5-fluorouracil, and group B was given cisplatin combined with paclitaxel. Both groups had the same radiotherapy regimen, and both used intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT). Completions of 50 Gy radiotherapy and at least one cycle of chemotherapy were considered to be in line with the plan. Survival data was analyzed in the term of intention-to-treat (ITT) and per-protocol (PP) set.Results:Of the 120 patients, 114 patients were treated and the adverse reactions could be evaluated, including 55 cases in group A and 59 cases in group B. The incidence of grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ leukopenia in group B was higher than that in group A [49.2% (29/59) vs. 25.5% (14/55)], and the difference was statistically significant ( χ2 = 6.805, P = 0.012), and there were no statistical differences in the other adverse reactions between the two groups (All P > 0.05). A total of 113 cases can be analyzed for survival. According to ITT analysis, the median progression-free survival (PFS) time in group A and group B was 28.0 months (95% CI 15.5-34.5 months) and 27.0 months (95% CI 17.0-41.0 months), the median overall survival (OS) time was 28.0 months (95% CI 15.8-34.2 months) and not reached, the differences were not statistically significant (both P > 0.05). According to PP analysis, the median PFS time in group A and group B was 28.0 months (95% CI 15.8-34.2 months) and 29.0 months (95% CI 14.9-45.1 months), the median OS time in group A and group B was 28.0 months (95% CI 3.7-52.3 months) and not reached, the differences were not statistically significant (both P > 0.05). Conclusions:The fluorouracil combined with cisplatin regimen and paclitaxel combined with cisplatin regimen with concurrent radiotherapy have similar PFS and OS time in treatment of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, the adverse reactions are different, but they are all tolerable. In individualized clinical practice, the toxicities and costs of the two regimens can be comprehensively considered.

Research on the evaluation system of Party building work in public hospitals based on target management theory / 中华医院管理杂志

Establishment of an appraisal system in line with the Party building work of the new era, is imperative for implementation of the Party building responsibility system and furthering Party building quality. In September 2019, the authors customized a questionnaire and surveyed 629 in-job Party members of 10 tertiary public hospitals. By means of literature review, questionnaire surveys and expert interviews, they studied the current Party building appraisal system and existing problems. In addition, they probed into the significance of applying target management theory in the appraisal of Party building work at public hospitals, and applied such a theory in setting up a Party building appraisal system in line with the requirements of the Party in the new era, in such aspects as appraisal goal setting, management of the appraisal process, improvement of the appraisal system, and feedback of appraisal results.

Clinical effect of sodium hyaluronate and cyclosporine A eye drops for combination treatment of mixed dry eye syndrome / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

@#AIM: To analyze the efficacy of sodium hyaluronate and cyclosporine A eye drops in treating patients with mixed dry eye disease. <p>METHODS: Among patients diagnosed with dry eye who presented to our hospital between February 2018 to February 2019, 60(120 eyes)cases were divided into 30(60 eyes)in each control and treatment group by random number table method. Both groups received routine treatment with the methods of eyelid hot compress cleaning and meibomian gland massage. The treatment group received combined application of sodium hyaluronate eye drop(0.3%)and cyclosporine A eye drop(1%), while control group received carbomer eye drops used alone at four times daily. And dry eye symptom score, Schirmer I test(SⅠt), tear film break-up time(BUT)and corneal fluorescein staining(CFS)results were obtained before treatment, at the 1 and 3mo after initiation of treatment. <p>RESULTS: No statistically differences were observed in any of the indexes between the control group(dry eye symptom score: 13.52±2.15, SⅠt: 5.22±2.23, BUT: 5.02±1.58, CFS:2.82±0.81)and the treatment group(dry eye symptom score: 13.75+3.05, SⅠt: 5.54+2.89, BUT: 5.14+1.84, CFS: 2.73±0.45)before initiating treatment. One month later, the dry eye symptom score of the control group(12.22±2.64)and the treatment group(11.42±2.06)improved after treatment; the SⅠt of the control group(7.94±2.15)and the treatment group(8.63±2.78)also improved after treatment, and result of the treatment group was better than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant; the BUT of the control group(5.32±1.34)and the treatment group(5.46±1.45)were better after treatment, but the difference was not statistically significant. After 3mo treatment, the dry eye symptom score, SⅠt, BUT and CFS of the control group were 11.57±2.98, 8.44±2.35, 5.92±1.75, 1.92±0.44, respectively, and the dry eye symptom score, SⅠt, BUT and CFS of the control group were 9.23±2.34, 10.45±2.65, 5.92±1.75, 8.69±1.78, 1.59±0.79, respectively(<i>P</i><0.05).<p>CONCLUSIONS: Combination therapy of sodium hyaluronate eye drop and cyclosporine A eye drops treatments are effective for the treatment of mixed dry eye syndrome.

The biological functions of cell-to-cell connection over long distance--membrane nanotube / 生理学报

Cell-to-cell connections provide conduits for signal exchanges, and play important functional roles in physiological and pathological processes of multicellular organisms. Membrane nanotubes are common long-distance connections between cells, not only transfer molecule signals and mitochondria, but also cooperate with gap junction and other cell-to-cell communications to transfer signals. During the last decade, there are many studies about membrane nanotubes, which focus on the similarities and differences between membrane nanotubes and other cell-to-cell communications, as well as their biological functions. In the present review, we summarized the latest findings about the structural diversity, the similarities and differences in signal transmission with other types of cell-to-cell communications, and physiological and pathological roles of membrane nanotubes.

Information Needs and Quality among Cervical Cancer Patients / 中国医学科学院学报

Objective To investigate the demand for scientific information among cervical cancer patients and to evaluate the quality of the relevant information available for these patients.Methods The demand for medical science information among patients with cervical cancer was investigated via questionnaire.The Discernn scoring system was used to score the cervical cancer science articles retrieved by Baidu and Sogou.A model was established to analyse the reading difficulty of these articles.Results Nearly half(53.6%)of the respondents searched for online science information at least weekly.The main target readings were the etiology and risk factors of diseases,symptoms,treatment options,adverse reactions of treatments,and prognosis.Most respondents(96.4%)thought that the network science information was reliable.Of the 104 search results included in the sample bank,13(12.5%)met the inclusion criteria,91(87.5%)were not selected,including 32 duplicates(30.8%),6 non-text webpages(5.8%),18 short texts(less than 300 Chinese characters)(17.3%),7 advertisements(6.7%),3 news articles(2.9%),22 forum posts(21.2%),and 3 academic articles(2.9%).According to the Discern scoring system,the reliability(=0.728, <0.001),the quality of treatment-related information(=0.431, <0.001),and the overall scores(=0.559,<0.001)of the enrolled 13 publications were consistent,as evaluated by two professional physicians.The mean overall score was 3.A lower score(less than 3)in the reliability assessment was due to the source of the content,generation methods,sponsors,citations,and the undefined parts.During the evaluation of treatment information,the average score was below 3 for each item.Analysis of the reading difficulty showed that,among these 13 articles,4 were at postgraduate thesis level(level 5),4 at undergraduate thesis level(level 4),0 at high school textbook level(level 3),and 8 was higher than middle school level(≥level 3).Eight articles(61.5%)were suitable for readers with an education background of higher middle school and only 5 articles(38.5%)were suitable for readers with an education background of middle school or lower(≤ level 2).Conclusions The vast majority of patients with cervical cancer search for clinical information through the Internet and trust their reliability.Chinese search engines have lower detection rates for high-quality medical science articles.The currently available high-quality medical science articles are small in number and difficult to read.More physicians are urged to write easy-to-read high-quality articles for these patients.

Sexual Quality of Life in Patients with Cervical Cancer Undergoing Radiotherapy / 中国医学科学院学报

To investigate the sexual quality of life and its influencing factors in patients with cervical cancer undergoing radiotherapy. Methods Totally 205 patients with cervical cancer who received radiotherapy in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from December 2013 to December 2018 were enrolled in this study.The Female Sexual Function Index(FSFI)scale was used to assess the sexual quality of life of these patients.The demographic data(including age,education level,marital status,family status,and occupation)and clinical data(including tumor stage and treatment method)were collected.Mann-Whitney test and Kruskal-Wallis test were used to analyze the influence of various factors on the sexual quality of life. Results Female sexual dysfunction was common among patients with cervical cancer undergoing radiotherapy.The total FSFI score was 5.5(3.6,16.3),and the scores of subscales were as follows:desire,1.20(0,1.80);sexual arousal,0.90(0,1.80);vaginal lubrication,0.30(0,3.30);orgasm,0(0,2.80);satisfaction,2.40(1.60,3.60);and sexual pain,0(0,2.80).Age(=0.010),duration of radiotherapy(=0.008),marital status(=0.020),family status(=0.010),and occupation(=0.024)were influential factors of sexual quality of life in cervical cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy. Conclusions The sexual quality of life of patients with cervical cancer undergoing radiotherapy is affected by multiple factors.Instructions on treatment,mental status,and post-treatment sexual life should be offered in an individualized way to improve the sexual quality of life of these patients.