Experimental study of curcumol inhibiting vascular endothelial growth factor-induced neovascularization / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To study the role and mechanism of curcumol in neovascularization induced by vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF).METHODS: Human umbilical vein endothelial cells were cultured in vitro and treated with 50ng/mL VEGF and curcumol at different concentrations. Cell proliferation was detected by CCK-8 and EdU assay, the migration ability of cells was analyzed by Transwell assay, the angiogenesis ability of endothelial cells was analyzed by tube formation assay, and the change of Akt/mTORC1 signal pathway was detected by Western blot.RESULTS: CCK-8 results showed that the OD450 value of cells in 400 and 800 μmol/L curcumol+VEGF group was significantly lower than that in VEGF group(all P<0.01). EdU results showed that the rate of cell proliferation in 400 μmol/L curcumol+VEGF group was significantly lower than that in VEGF group(P<0.001). Transwell assay and the formation assay results showed that the number of migratory cells in 400 μmol/L curcumol+VEGF group was decreased, and the number and length of tube branches were also reduced compared with VEGF group(all P<0.001). Western blot results showed that curcumol significantly inhibited the expression of p-Akt and p-S6, which were downstream targets of Akt/mTORC1 pathway in cells.CONCLUSION: Curcumol can inhibit VEGF-induced cell proliferation, migration and tube formation of vein endothelial cells, and has a strong inhibitory effect on angiogenesis, which can be further studied in the treatment of ocular fundus neovascularization.

Correlation between gait parameters and balance in stroke hemiplegic patients / 中国康复理论与实践

@#Objective To investigate the relationship between gait spatiotemporal parameters and balance function in stroke hemiplegic patients. Methods From September, 2018 to March, 2020, 76 stroke hemiplegic patients (38 in Brunnstrom Ⅳ and V, respectively) were assessed balance function with Active Balancer EAB-100 and Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT), and gait parameters of speed, cadence and asymmetry, named step length asymmetry ratio (SLA), swing time asymmetry ratio (SWTA), stance time asymmetry ratio (STA), maximum flexion angle ratio (MFA) of hip and knee. The correlation among gait parameters and balance function was analysed. Results The balance and gait parameters were better in those in Brunnstrom V than in Brunnstrom Ⅳ (|t| > 2.268, P < 0.05). The speed and cadence correlated with the most balance indexes (|r| > 0.335, P < 0.05). SLA correlated with SEBT in Brunnstrom Ⅳ patients (r = -0.467~-0.613, P < 0.01), while it correlated with medial-lateral (M-L) stability limits in Brunnstrom V patients (r = -0.356, P = 0.028). SWTA correlated with stability limit of Anterior-Posterior (A-P) (r = -0.335, P = 0.040) and M-L (r = 0.510, P = 0.001), and most of SEBT (r = -0.330~ -0.445, P < 0.05) in Brunnstrom Ⅳ patients. MFA of hip and knee correlated with balance indexes in Brunnstrom Ⅳ patients (|r| > 0.326, P < 0.05), while MFA of knee correlated with most balance indexes in Brunnstrom V patients (r > 0.329, P < 0.05), and MFA of hip correlated with A-P stability limit (r = 0.369, P = 0.023). Conclusion Both speed and cadence of steps can well respond to the balance function in stroke hemiplegic patients. For the asymmetry, it is related with balance in patients with poorer recovery.

Herbal Textual Research on Armeniacae Semen Amarum in Famous Classical Formulas / 中国实验方剂学杂志

By consulting ancient Chinese herbal medicines and medical books， the textual research of Armeniacae Semen Amarum has been conducted to verify the name， origin， producing area， quality evaluation， harvesting and processing changes. Through textual research， Shennong Bencaojing began to contain Xinghe. After Xinxiu Bencao， Xingheren were gradually taken as the mainstream name， Xingren was first used as the correct name since Leigong Paozhilun， and gradually became the mainstream rectifying in the Ming and Qing dynasties. Before the Qing dynasty， there was no distinction between Armeniacae Semen Amarum and Armeniacae Semen Dulcis in the materia medica works， while the differences between them were clearly defined in some works of the Qing dynasty， but did not record them separately. In order to make them more accurate in clinical application， Armeniacae Semen Amarum was recorded as the correct name in the 1953 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia， and Armeniacae Semen Dulcis was included in the provincial standards. The original plants of Armeniacae Semen Amarum from Prunus armeniaca （Armeniaca vulgaris in Flora of China） and its cultivated varieties with bitter seeds were taken as the mainstream， which are reflected in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Its yellow ripe fruit was generally harvested in May， the seed kernel was taken out for drying or baking， finally the seed coat was removed to use. It is recorded that the production area of Armeniacae Semen Amarum is Taihang Mountain area of Shanxi province in ancient times. At present， its producing area is mainly concentrated in Shanxi， Shandong， Hebei and other places in north China. Historical literature pointed out that Armeniacae Semen Amarum had small toxicity， and heat treatment could reduce toxicity and increase efficiency， its main processing method was blanching and stir-frying. In addition， it is generally believed that raw products with seed coat can enhance its sweating effect since the Ming and Qing dynasties. Until now， three processed products are stipulated in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia， namely raw products， boiled and fried products. Based on textual research， it is recommended that A. vulgaris should be used as the original plant of Armeniacae Semen Amarum in famous classical formulas， and the use of processed products should follow the processing requirements marked in the formulas.

Comparative effectiveness and safety of 32 pharmacological interventions recommended by guidelines for coronavirus disease 2019: a systematic review and network meta-analysis combining 66 trials / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

BACKGROUND@#The global pandemic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a major public health problem and presents an unprecedented challenge. However, no specific drugs were currently proven. This study aimed to evaluate the comparative efficacy and safety of pharmacological interventions in patients with COVID-19.@*METHODS@#Medline, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and clinicaltrials.gov were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)/SARS-CoV. Random-effects network meta-analysis within the Bayesian framework was performed, followed by the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation system assessing the quality of evidence. The primary outcome of interest includes mortality, cure, viral negative conversion, and overall adverse events (OAEs). Odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated as the measure of effect size.@*RESULTS@#Sixty-six RCTs with 19,095 patients were included, involving standard of care (SOC), eight different antiviral agents, six different antibiotics, high and low dose chloroquine (CQ_HD, CQ_LD), traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), corticosteroids (COR), and other treatments. Compared with SOC, a significant reduction of mortality was observed for TCM (OR = 0.34, 95% CI: 0.20-0.56, moderate quality) and COR (OR = 0.84, 95% CI: 0.75-0.96, low quality) with improved cure rate (OR = 2.16, 95% CI: 1.60-2.91, low quality for TCM; OR = 1.17, 95% CI: 1.05-1.30, low quality for COR). However, an increased risk of mortality was found for CQ_HD vs. SOC (OR = 3.20, 95% CI: 1.18-8.73, low quality). TCM was associated with decreased risk of OAE (OR = 0.52, 95% CI: 0.38-0.70, very low quality) but CQ_HD (OR = 2.51, 95% CI: 1.20-5.24) and interferons (IFN) (OR = 2.69, 95% CI: 1.02-7.08) vs. SOC with very low quality were associated with an increased risk.@*CONCLUSIONS@#COR and TCM may reduce mortality and increase cure rate with no increased risk of OAEs compared with standard care. CQ_HD might increase the risk of mortality. CQ, IFN, and other antiviral agents could increase the risk of OAEs. The current evidence is generally uncertain with low-quality and further high-quality trials are needed.

Risk factors of thyroid nodule in diabetic patients and the correlation with Traditional Chinese Medicine constitution / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective:To explore the risk factors of thyroid nodules in diabetic patients and its correlation with Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) constitution.Methods:A Total of 213 cases of diabetic patients in Guang’anmen Hospital and Tangshan Hospital from January 2019 to August 2020 were choosen to do the questionnaire, with containly symptom and constitution. The patients were divided into diabetes with thyroid nodules group and diabetes without thyroid nodules group according to whether thyroid nodules were combined. We compared the clinical data characteristics of 2 groups, and used multi-factor logistic regression model to analyze the risk factors of diabetic patients with thyroid nodules and their correlation with TCM constitutions. Results:Diabetes patients aged from 50-80 years old [ OR=2.949, 95% CI (1.266-6.714)], females [ OR=3.736, 95% CI (1.823-1.541)], diabetes duration≥15 years [ OR=1.558, 95% CI (1.623-1.585)], elevated HbA1c [ OR=5.862, 95% CI (1.418-23.629)], elevated VLDL [ OR=2.851, 95% CI (1.597-6.824)], frequent insomnia [ OR=1.970, 95% CI (1.315-3.395)], Qi stagnation [ OR=4.357, 95% CI (2.634-8.377)], blood stasis [ OR=4.420, 95% CI (1.874-15.258)] are more likely to suffer from thyroid nodules ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Diabetic patients aged from 50-80 years old, females, diabetes duration≥15 years, elevated HbA1c, family history of thyroid nodules, frequent insomnia, and mood swings are more likely to develop thyroid nodules; qi stagnation and blood stasis are dangerous constitutions for diabetic patients with thyroid nodules.

Dynamic changes of volatile components of Qiai from different harvest time based on GC-MS and chemometrics analysis / 中国中药杂志

Artemisiae Argyi Folium, the dried leaves of Artemisia argyi, has been widely used in traditional Chinese and folk medicines for a long time. Qiai is one of the top-geoherb of Artemisiae Argyi Folium. Qiai contains various bioactive constituents, such as volatile oils, phenolic acids, flavonoids and terpenoids. Phytochemical studies demonstrated that volatile compounds are the main bioactive constituents in Qiai. Try to investigate dynamic changes of volatile components of Qiai from different harvest time and explore the optimum harvest time of Qiai, in this study, the contents of total volatile oils in Qiai collected from five different harvest time were analyzed by steam distillation method. The results showed that the contents of volatile oils of Qiai were higher in the third harvest time(around the Dragon Boat Festival), which is basically consistent with the traditional harvest time. Furthermore, a sensitive method based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS) was established for qualitative analysis of volatile compounds in Qiai, and a total of thirty volatile compounds were identified. Chemometrics methods including principal component analysis(PCA) and orthogonal partial least-squares discriminate analysis(OPLS-DA) were applied to explore chemical markers and dynamic changes of volatile components in Qiai from different harvest time, and the results indicated that there were obvious differences in the relative contents of volatile compounds of Qiai samples from different harvest time. Eight volatile compounds, including α-terpinene, γ-terpinene, D-camphor, trans-carveol, α-copaene, isobornylisobutyrate, humulene, and caryophyllene oxide were selected as potential chemical markers. Among the eight chemical markers, the relative contents of α-terpinene, γ-terpinene, α-copaene and caryophyllene oxide were higher in the third harvest period(around the Dragon Boat Festival), which is consistent with the contents of total volatile oils. The present study could provide the basis for investigating the optimum harvest time of Qiai, and might be useful for the quality control of this herbal medicine.

Factors influencing clinical application of bulk-fill composite resin / 华西口腔医学杂志

Bulk-fill composite resin are simple to operate, and they reduce polymerization shrinkage and microleakage compare to traditional resin-based composites. However, their clinical application could be affected by numerous factors, such as the material itself, light curing, placement techniques, storage condition, and preheating. This review aimed to summarize the definitions, classifications, indications, clinical properties, and influencing factors of the clinical application of bulk-fill resin-based composites and discuss the ways to improve their clinical effectiveness.

Effect of hypertension on prognosis in patients with pregnancyrelated acute kidney injury: A retrospective, propensity scorematched cohort study / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVES@#Hypertension is a serious complication of pregnancy-related acute kidney injury (PR-AKI). This study aimed to determine the effect of hypertension on the prognosis of PR-AKI, maternal outcomes, and fetal outcome.@*METHODS@#Patients with PR-AKI in a hospital from January 2008 to June 2018 were enrolled for this study. Patients with or without hypertension were grouped by 1꞉1 propensity matching score. The effect of hypertension on the prognosis of PR-AKI was evaluated by multivariate Cox regression before and after matching.@*RESULTS@#Of the 30 680 women who attended the Department of Obstetrics, 126 patients were diagnosed as PR-AKI, the incidence was 0.41%. The age was (29.04±2.32) years. There were 50 cases in the hypertension group, accounting for 39.68%. Using the propensity score method, 48 pairs of patients were successfully matched, and the covariates between the two groups were balanced. After matching and adjusting for relevant clinical factors, Cox regression analysis showed that risk of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) was increased in the hypertension group compared with the normal blood pressure group (HR=2.951, 95％ CI 1.067 to 8.275, =0.034). The risk of risk of adverse maternal outcome was increased (HR=2.815, 95% CI 1.271 to 6.233, =0.009), and the risk of fetal adverse outcome was increased (HR=1.437, 95% CI 1.028 to 4.623, =0.021).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Hypertension is an independent risk factor for ESRD, adverse maternal outcomes, and adverse fetal outcomes in the PR-AKI patients.

Prevalence and influencing factors of deciduous caries in preschool children in Chongqing city / 华西口腔医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#This study aimed to determine the prevalence and related factors of deciduous caries in 3-5-year-old preschool children in Chongqing city. Results will be used to provide a basis for the establishment and adjustment of prevention and intervention of caries in preschool children.@*METHODS@#We referred to the Fourth National Oral Health Epidemiological Survey. Data included caries prevalence in preschool children, and the questionnaires were distributed to children' parents in Chongqing city. Results were inputted by Epidata 3.1 and statistically analyzed using SPSS 21.0.@*RESULTS@#A total of 1 350 preschool children were included in the study. We found that maxillary deciduous central incisor and mandibular deciduous molars were susceptible to decay. The prevalence of primary teeth caries in preschool children in Chongqing city was 51.4% (694/1 350). The mean decayed-missing-filled-teeth (dmft) index was 2.34. The caries prevalence and mean dmft between age groups were statistically significant (P0.05). Approximately 61.7% of caries cases were concentrated in a small number (36.1%) of individuals. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age, highest educational level of parents, intake frequency of sweetened beverages and carbonated drinks, toothache or similar discomfort experience over the past year, dentist visits, and parents' assessment of teeth and oral health status of children were the factors influencing the prevalence of deciduous caries (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#More than half of the preschool children had dental caries. Majority of caries were concentrated in a small number of individuals. The age of children, highest educational level of parents, intake frequency of sweetened beverages and carbonated drinks, toothache or discomfort experience over the past year, dentist visits, and parents' assessment of teeth and oral health status of children were associated with the prevalence of deciduous caries.

An investigation on the need, the utilization, and the influencing factors of dental services for pre-school children in selected areas in Chongqing province / 华西口腔医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#The aim of this study is to survey the need, the utilization, and the influencing factors of dental services for children in selected areas in Chongqing province by investigating their oral health status. The survey will provide references for preventive oral health care in targeted Chongqing areas, which may improve the level of oral health among pre-school children.@*METHODS@#Random cluster sampling was utilized according to standards of the Fourth National Oral Health Epidemiological sampling survey, and 1 300 children between the ages of three and four years old from 24 kindergartens in 12 subdistricts of three areas in Chongqing were interviewed for free dental checkups and to participate in the survey. The questionnaires were designed according to the Anderson model and were answered by the children's parents. The results were analyzed utilizing Chi-square test logistic regression.@*RESULTS@#The prevalence rate of caries among the pre-school children in selected areas of Chongqing was 55.4%, the decay, missing, filled surface (dmfs) was 6 696, the mean dmfs was 5.2, and the caries filling constituent ratio was 2.3%. A total of 1 173 questionnaires were analyzed. The ratio for seeing a dentist for therapeutic reasons was 6.31% (74/1 173) and for prevalence was 22.93% (269/1 173).@*CONCLUSIONS@#The oral health service needs of pre-school children in selected areas of Chongqing are large and the oral health service utilization rate is low. Oral health care processes are arduous; thus, targeted oral prevention policies should be created.

Cardiac complications in systemic sclerosis: early diagnosis and treatment / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

OBJECTIVE@#Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a remarkably systemic heterogeneous connective tissue disease with many organs involved. The heart is one of the major organs involved, carrying the threat of sudden cardiac death, especially in diffuse cutaneous SSc. This review summarizes the pathophysiology, types, new diagnostic approaches, and imaging and novel therapies of primary cardiac complications while underlining the effects of recently developed non-contrast cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) in early diagnosis.@*DATA SOURCES@#Medline and Embase were searched for articles published up to July 2019. A combination of Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms and keywords pertaining to SSc ("Scleroderma, Systemic" OR "Systemic sclerosis" OR' SSc"), AND cardiology ("cardiology" OR "heart" OR "cardiac") were applied to the search strategies.@*STUDY SELECTION@#Literature was mainly printed in English and Chinese about cardiac complications in systemic sclerosis. After selected simply on the title and abstract, the articles were included for the full text. Article type was not limited.@*RESULTS@#Relevant cardiac manifestations are complex, including arrhythmias, pericardial effusion, myocardial dysfunction, and valvular diseases. Even though the symptoms of cardiac complications are well known, unfortunately, they appear to be poor prognostic factors. As systemic sclerosis with cardiac complications has a high mortality rate and patients might have a poor quality of life, it is essential to promote early diagnosis and treatment. With the advent of non-invasive imaging techniques, such as CMR, early diagnosis of cardiac complications in SSc is becoming more effective.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Cardiac complications play an essential role in SSc and carry the threat of sudden cardiac death. More basic and clinical studies are warranted to develop better management of cardiac involvement in patients with SSc.

Effect of preheating on the properties of resin composite / 华西口腔医学杂志

Resin composite, which is commonly used as a dental filling material, has some problems, such as poor wear resistance, polymerization shrinkage, and poor dentin marginal adaptability. Preheating of resin composite improves its pro-perties. This paper reviewed the effects of resin composite preheating on its monomer conversion, marginal microleakage, mechanical properties, and irritation on dental pulp.

Research progress on interactions between Candida albicans and common oral pathogens / 华西口腔医学杂志

Increasing numbers of microbiome studies have enabled the development of a greater understanding of how antagonistic and synergetic microbial interactions influence disease outcomes. Candida albicans is an opportunistic pathogen that is commonly found in human oral microflora. In a healthy oral environment, Candida albicans may potentially but sig-nificantly influence the balance between the oral bacterial ecosystem and the host, leading tooral diseases. The aim of this study is to review the correlation between Candida albicans and oral pathogens and provide a deeper understanding of the nature of oral infec-tious diseases.

Determination of the related substances in the etoricoxib tablets by HPLC / 国际药学研究杂志

Objective: To establish and validate a high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)method for the determination of related substances in etoricoxib tablets. Methods: The related substances in the etoricoxib tablets were determined by HPLC. The Waters C18 column(4.6 mm×150 mm,3.5 μm)was used. The mobile phase consisted of the aqueous 0.02 mol/L sodium dihydrogen phosphate solution and acetonitrile(71:29,V/V)and the flow rate was 0.6 ml/min. The detection wavelength was 235 nm. The column temperature was 40℃ and the injection volume was 10 μl. Results: The etoricoxib related substances and other degraded substances in the forced degradation test of etoricoxib were com- pletely separated under the HPLC conditions. The quantification limit and the detection limit were 0.5 ng and 1.0 ng both for etoricoxib and its N-oxide,respectively. The calibration curves showed a good linearity within the range of 61.14- 152.85 μg/ml for etoricoxib and 61.50-153.75 μg/ml for the N-oxide. The recoveries of etoricoxib and its N-oxide were both within the range of 98%-102%. The solution used for determining the related substances were kept stable within 12 h at room temperature. Conclusion: The established HPLC method showed good specificity,sensitivity and accuracy,which could be used for the determination of related substances in the etoricoxib tablets.

Meta analysis of the clinical effect of sulfasalazine combined with probiotics on the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease / 中国医师杂志

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of domestic sulfasalazine (SASP) combined with probiotics on the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).Methods According to the search of Chinese periodical full-text database,PubMed and other Chinese databases as well as English databases,the cases of IBD treated with SASP combined with probiotics or metronidazole in China were collected and screened for randomized controlled trials (RCT).The results between combined group and control group were compared using odds ratio (OR) and 95％ Confidence Interval (CI) indicates.The evaluation indicator was the remission rate.According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,the literature was selected,and data was extracted.Quality assessment of the included methodologies was performed,and RevMan 5.3 software was used for meta-analysis.Results 26 studies including a total of 2 403 patients were adopted in the present study.Among them,13 studies suggested that the remission rate of IBD in SASP combined with probiotics group was significantly improved compared with that in the SASP group alone (x2 =10.29,df =12,I2 =0％,P ＜0.05,the effect model OR =3.70,95％ CI as 2.62-5.21),demonstrating that the combined treatment was superior to monotherapy in IBD.10 studies suggested that the remission rate of ulcerative colitis (UC) in SASP combined with probiotics group was significantly improved compared with that in the SASP group alone (x2 =2.59,df =9,I2 =0％,P ＜ 0.05,the effect model OR =3.84,95％ CI as 2.52 -5.86),demonstrating that the combined treatment was superior in UC.The other 3 studies showed that the remission rate of UC with infection in SASP combined with probiotics group was significantly improved compared with that in SASP combined with metronidazole group (x2 =0.07,df =2,I2 =0％,P ＜ 0.05,the effect model x2 =4.77,95％ CI as 2.27-10.02),demonstrating that treatment of SASP combined with probiotics was superior in UC with infection.Conclusions SASP combined with probiotics can improve the effective response rate in the treatment of IBD.

Different expression localization of β-catenin and its correlation with clinical pathological parameters in gastric cancer / 临床与实验病理学杂志

Purpose To identify the significance of different expression localization of β-catenin and its correlation with clinical pathological parameters in gastric cancer (GC) . Methods The expression of β-catenin proteins in 120 gastric cancer and 50 normal gastric mucosa samples was detected by SP immunohistochemistry. Results The positive expression of β-catenin was localized to membrane with positive rate 100. 00％ in normal gastric mucosa. Lack of β-catenin membrane expression and ectopic expression in cytoplasm,nuclei,or cytoplasm/nuclei were found in GC tissue and the abnormal expression rate was as high as 81. 67％ (98/120) . The abnormal expression of β-catenin was significantly correlated with histological differentiation,lymphatic metastasis and TNM stage in GC (P < 0. 05) . The nuclear expression rate of β-catenin was 36. 67％ (44/120) ,and the positive nuclear expression was significantly correlated with TNM stage in GC (P < 0. 05) . The 5-year overall survival rate of β-catenin nuclear positive patients was significantly lower than that of nuclear negative ones (P < 0. 05) . Conclusion β-catenin plays a significant role in gastric cancer carcinogenesis,and its different expression localization is related to the progress of GC. β-catenin is expected to be a potential target for diagnosis and treatment of GC.

The expression of Semaphorin 5A in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and its effect on osteoclastogenesis / 中华内科杂志

Objective To investigate the clinical significance of soluble Semaphorin 5A(Sema 5A) in patients of rheumatoid arthritis(RA) and the effect of Sema 5A on osteoclastogenesis in RAW264.7 cells.Methods (1)Soluble Sema 5A was detected in the serum of 62 RA patients,30 osteoarthritis(OA) patients and 48 healthy controls(HC) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).The relationships between serum Sema 5A and disease activity,radiographic severity and laboratory parameters were investigated in RA patients.(2)RAW264.7 cells were treated with different concentrations of Sema 5A(0,0.5,1,2.5,5 μg/ml).After 7 days,tartrate-resistant acid phosphate(TRAP) staining was performed.The mRNA levels of TRAP,cathepsin-K and matrix metallopeptidase 9(MMP-9) were tested using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).(3)Bone resorption area of dentine slides cultured with RAW264.7 cells was calculated after Sema 5A (5μg/ml) treatment.Results (1)The serum Sema 5A in RA patients[(5.24±0.59)μg/L] was significantly higher than those in healthy controls[(2.93±0.34)μg/L,P＜0.01] and OA patients[(2.68±0.47)μg/L,P＜0.05].The Sema 5A level in RA patients was positively correlated with disease activity score with 28 joint using C-reactive protein(DAS28-CRP),clinical disease activity index (CDAI),C-reactive protein(CRP) and sharp scores(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).In addition,the serum Sema 5A in RA patients with positive anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide(CCP) antibody was significantly greater than that of anti-CCP antibody-negative patients (P＜0.05).(2)After RAW264.7 cells were treated with Sema 5A,the number of TRAP positive osteoclasts increased according to the increase of Sema 5A concentration with maximal effect at 5 μg/ml.Meanwhile,Sema 5A promoted mRNA expression of TRAP,Cathepsin-K and MMP-9.(3)Bone resorption area increased when RAW264.7 cells were treated with Sema 5A(5 μg/ml).Conclusions Serum Sema 5A is elevated in RA patients and correlated with disease activity and radiographic severity.Sema 5A promotes osteoclastogenesis of RAW264.7 cells.

Value of preoperative ultrasonography in predicting the effect of carotid artery dilation after stenting / 中华老年心脑血管病杂志

Objective To study the value of preoperative ultrasonography in predicting the im provement rate of CAS in ischemic stroke (IS) patients after stenting.Methods Sixty-four CAS patients were included in this study.Their baseline clinical data,improvement rate of CAS 1 year after stenting and Pearson matrix correlation coefficient of 12 carotid ultrasonographic indexes were retrospcctively analyzed before stenting.An ultrasonographic prediction model of CAS im provement rate was established after stenting.Results No patient died 1 year after stenting.Pearson correlation analysis showed that the improvement rate of CAS was closely related with the clinical outcome of CAS patients 1 year after stenting (P＜0.01).The integration ratios of unstable plaques,maximum plaque eccentricity,maximum plaque length,maximum plaque thickness,peak systolic flow rate in stenotic carotid artery,resistance index and carotid artery stiffness index were negatively related with the improvement rate of CAS after stcnting (P＜0.01).However,the pulsation index,dilation and compliance coefficient were positively related with the improvement rate of CAS after stenting (r=0.363,P=0.003;r=0.331,P=0.008;r=0.306,P=0.014).Stepwise regression analysis showed that carotid artery stiffness index,peak systolic flow rate in stenotic carotid artery and maximum plaque thickness were related with the improvement rate of CAS in a linear manner after stenting (P＜0.01).Conclusion Ultrasonographic indexes play an active role in assessing the improvement rate of CAS 1 years after stenting.

Non-hypoglycemic effect of metformin in renal protection:a literature review / 中国药理学通报

The effectiveness,safety and economy of metformin on type 2 diabetes mellitus therapy are well recognized, which has been used as the first-line oral hypoglycemic agent in recent dec-ades. Apart from hypoglycemic effect, recent studies show that metformin can exert renal protection via the mechanisms of auto-phagy induction, anti-senescence, antioxidative stress, against endoplasmic reticulum stress,anti-inflammation, and anti-fibro-sis through AMPK dependent or independent pathway, which prompt its therapeutic potential in acute kidney injury and chron-ic kidney disease. The non-hypoglycemic nephroprotective effects as well as their underlying mechanisms of metformin are summarized in this review.

Research on the strategy of eradication of HIV latent reservoirs / 中国比较医学杂志

HIV latent reservoirs are the latent cells and tissues of HIV under the pressure of immune responses and antiviral therapy. Although HIV infection is effectively controlled by the advent of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and the viral load in the plasma is suppressed to a low level which are undetectable by most clinical measures, HAART is not able to completely eradicate the virus in the reservoirs. The viral rebound occurs when antiviral therapy is ceased. Therefore, the eradication of HIV reservoirs is a major challenge for the therapy of AIDS. In this paper, we will focus on the strategies of eradication of AIDS latent reservoirs.