Relationship between uric acid and coronary atherosclerotic heart disease in adults / 公共卫生与预防医学

Objective To analyze the correlation between uric acid and coronary atherosclerotic heart disease in adults. Methods A total of 186 patients with hyperuricemia from January 2020 to October 2021 were selected as the observation group and 186 subjects with normal blood uric acid were selected as the control group . The levels of uric acid, hs-CRP, MCP-1, IL-6, RANTES and adropin protein were measured . The SYNTAX score was used to assess the risk of coronary heart disease and the incidence rate of coronary heart disease was recorded. The correlation between uric acid and inflammatory indexes was analyzed by linear regression model . The relationship between serum uric acid level and coronary atherosclerotic heart was tested by spearman correlation test. Results The levels of hs-CRP, MCP-1, IL-6, RANTES and adropin protein in the observation group were higher than the control group significantly (P<0.05) . The syntax score of the observation group was higher than the control group significantly (P<0.05) .The incidence rate of coronary heart disease in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The level of uric acid was significantly positively correlated with hs-CRP, MCP-1, IL-6, RANTES and adropin . There was positive correlation between serum uric acid and syntax score and the incidence of coronary atherosclerotic heart disease (P<0.05). Conclusion The increase of uric acid level can predict coronary atherosclerotic heart disease. Patients with hyperuricemia should actively carry out uric acid lowering treatment to prevent the risk of coronary atherosclerotic heart disease.

Construction and application of a risk prediction model for moderate to severe cancer-related fatigue in patients undergoing chemotherapy of prostate cancer / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To investigate the risk factors of moderate to severe cancer-related fatigue (CRF) in patients undergoing chemotherapy of prostate cancer, and to construct a nomogram model to predict the occurrence of CRF.Methods:Using the case data questionnaire, Brief Fatigue Inventory, Social Support Rating Scale and International Prostate Symptom Scores, 724 patients of prostate cancer treated by chemotherapy in Shanghai Tenth People′s Hospital from August 2016 to June 2021 were selected and were treated with 1∶1 ratio, and the indexes of the moderate and severe CRF group (216 cases) and the non-moderate and severe CRF group (216 cases) were compared. According to the ratio of 7∶3, the envelope method was used to divide into training set and validation set. The independent risk factors of moderate and severe CRF were explored by univariate analysis and multivariate Logistic regression analysis, and the risk prediction model was established and the nomogram model was constructed. The C-index and area under ROC curve were used to verify the prediction effect of the model.Results:Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that BMI ranged from 24.0 to 27.9 kg/m 2 ( OR=1.733), BMI≥28.0 kg/m 2 ( OR=3.126), neutropenia occurred during chemotherapy ( OR=1.747), chemotherapy course >6 months ( OR=1.893), moderate social support level ( OR=1.244), low social support level ( OR=2.434), mild urinary tract symptoms ( OR=1.264), moderate urinary tract symptoms ( OR=3.371) and severe urinary tract symptoms ( OR=5.297) were independent risk factors for moderate and severe CRF. The nomogram model constructed according to the above risk factors was internally verified by the training set and the validation set, and its C-index was 0.854 and 0.741 respectively. The area under ROC curve training set was 0.823, and the validation set was 0.733. Conclusions:The nomogram model can effectively predict the occurrence of moderate to severe CRF in patients with prostate cancer undergoing chemotherapy.

Effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on attention to the cues for male patients with alcohol use disorder after acute withdrawal / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective:To investigate the effect of high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation(rTMS)on cue attention in male patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD) after the acute withdrawal.Methods:A total of 90 male patients AUD who were hospitalized in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University and Psychiatric Hospital of Yunnan province from May 2020 to December 2020 were enrolled, then they were divided into study group and control group using random number table.Because 18 cases fell out during the study, 36 cases were included in each of the two groups.After the alcohol withdrawal syndrome eliminated, the study group received high-frequency rTMS at 10 Hz for 14 consecutive days, and the control group was administrated by sham rTMS.At baseline and after true or sham rTMS, the cognitive psychology experiment Oddball paradigm was completed, and the behavioral data of the subjects were collected.Paired-sample t-test was used to compare the changes of the two groups before and after treatment.Data analysis were conducted using SPSS 21.0 software. Results:There was no statistical difference between the study group and the control group in terms of drinking level, cognition level and demographic data(all P>0.05). In the Oddball paradigm, compared with the control group((526.72±75.30)ms, (0.98±0.02))the reaction time((497.93±64.51)ms, t=3.145, P=0.008) and accuracy rate((0.99±0.01), t=-2.803, P=0.016) in alcohol-related cues were significantly improved in the study group after rTMS intervention, but in the control group, there were no statistical differences(both P>0.05), whether the cue was alcohol related or not. Conclusion:The results suggest that the rTMS can enhance the attention bias of alcohol-related cues and change the impulse process partly.

The Influence of Diabetes, Hypertension, and Hyperlipidemia on the Onset of Age-Related Macular Degeneration in North China: The Kailuan Eye Study / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

Objective@#To analyze the prevalence of dry and wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in patients with diabetes, hypertension and hyperlipidemia, and to analyze the risk factors for AMD.@*Methods@#A population-based cross-sectional epidemiologic study was conducted involving 14,440 individuals. We assessed the prevalence of dry and wet AMD in diabetic and non-diabetic subjects and analyzed the risk factors for AMD.@*Results@#The prevalence of wet AMD in diabetic and non-diabetic patients was 0.3% and 0.5%, respectively, and the prevalence of dry AMD was 17% and 16.4%, respectively. The prevalence of wet AMD in healthy, hypertensive, hyperlipidemic, and hypertensive/hyperlipidemic populations was 0.5%, 0.3%, 0.2%, and 0.7%, respectively. The prevalence of dry AMD in healthy, hypertensive, hyperlipidemic, and hypertensive/hyperlipidemic populations was 16.6%, 16.2%, 15.2%, and 17.2%, respectively. Age, sex, body mass index, and use of hypoglycemic drugs or lowering blood pressure drugs were corrected in the risk factor analysis of AMD. Diabetes, diabetes/hypertension, diabetes/hyperlipidemia, and diabetes/hypertension/hyperlipidemia were analyzed. None of the factors analyzed in the current study increased the risk for the onset of AMD.@*Conclusion@#There was no significant difference in the prevalence of wet and dry AMD among diabetic and non-diabetic subjects. Similarly, there was no significant difference in the prevalence of wet and dry AMD among subjects with hypertension and hyperlipidemia. Diabetes co-existing with hypertension and hyperlipidemia were not shown to be risk factors for the onset of dry AMD.

Clinical characteristics of 57 cases of Brucella infection in Shenzhen City / 中华传染病杂志

Objective:To analyze the clinical characteristics of Brucella infection in Shenzhen City, and to provide reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment of patients with Brucella infection. Methods:The clinical characteristics of 57 patients with Brucella infection from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2020 in The Third People′s Hospital of Shenzhen were retrospectively analyzed. The clinical characteristics of patients with brucellosis and latent Brucella infection, patients with or without comorbidities were compared respectively, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and lumbar puncture examination findings of 57 patients were also analyzed. Statistical analysis was performed using Wilcoxon rank sum test and chi-square test. Results:Among the 57 patients with Brucella infection, 10 cases (17.5%) were latent infections and 47 cases (82.5%) were brucellosis patients. Among brucellosis patients, 91.5%(43/47) had fever and 74.4%(32/43) had maximum body temperature ≥38.1 ℃, 40.4%(19/47) had chills orshivering, 25.5%(12/47) had hyperhidrosis, 17.0%(8/47) had fatigue, 21.3%(10/47) had headache, 23.4%(11/47) had neck/back/low back pain, and 31.9%(15/47) had joint pain. A total of 18 cases (38.3%) had comorbidities. Cases with positive blood cultures in latent infection and brucellosis were seven and 39, respectively. The time from symptom onset to diagnosis was 30.0 (15.0, 67.5) days in 18 patients of brucellosis with comorbidity, which was longer than 20.0 (13.0, 30.0) days in 29 patients without comorbidity. Neck/back/low back pain and joint pain occurred in patients with brucellosis with comorbidity were seven and nine, respectively, and those without comorbidity were four and six, respectively, with statistically significant differences ( Z=-2.00, χ2=3.90 and 4.39, respectively, all P<0.050). Of the 11 brucellosis patients with neck/back/low back pain, six had spondylitis. Of the 15 brucellosis patients with joint pain, six had arthritis. Lumbar puncture examination did not indicate meningitis in six cases of latent infection, while revealed six cases of brucellosis meningitis in 32 brucellosis patients. Fifty-four patients had good outcomes, and three patients were cured after an extended course of treatment. Conclusions:Although patients with latent Brucella infection have no comorbidities, they have a high positive blood culture rate. Active standardized anti- Brucella treatment is recommended. MRI examination of relevant sites is recommended in brucellosis patients with joint, neck/back/low back pain, and lumbar puncture is recommended in brucellosis patients regardless of headache.

TRIM21 suppresses invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma cells by promoting β-catenin ubiquitylation and degradation / 南方医科大学学报

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the role of TRIM21 in modulating the invasive phenotype of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells and its mechanism of action.@*METHODS@#RNA interference technique was used to knock down the expression of TRIM21 and β-catenin, alone or in combination, in HCC cell lines 97H and LM3, and the interfering efficiency and the activity of closely related pathways were determined using Western blotting. The two cells with TRIM21 knockdown (siTRIM21 97H and siTRIM21 LM3 cells) were assessed for their invasion ability in vitro using Transwell invasion assay, and the lung metastasis capacity of siTRIM21 LM3 cells following tail vein injection was evaluated in nude mice. The binding of TRIM21 with β-catenin and the ubiquitylation level of β-catenin in TRIM21-overexpressing HEK293 cells were determined with Western blotting and co-immunoprecipitation assay. We also compared the overall survival of patients with CTNNB1highTRIM21high and CTNNB1highTRIM21low HCC subtypes using Kaplan-Meier method based on filtrated and grouped HCC clinical data from TCGA database.@*RESULTS@#TRIM21 knockdown significantly enhanced the invasion ability of 97H and LM3 cells in vitro (P < 0.01 or 0.05) and the lung metastasis ability of LM3 cells in nude mice (P < 0.01), and simultaneous knockdown of β -catenin obviously suppressed the in vitro invasiveness of the cells (P < 0.0001 or 0.05). Co-immunoprecipitation assay showed that TRIM21 was capable of directly binding with β-catenin protein to accelerate the ubiquitination and degradation of the latter, leading to inhibition of nuclear translocation of β-catenin and hence reduced invasiveness of HCC cells. Bioinformatic analysis showed that compared patients with CTNNB1highTRIM21low HCC subtype where Wnt pathway was activated, the patients with CTNNB1highTRIM21high HCC subtype had a significantly better survival outcomes (P < 0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#A high expression of TRIM21 suppresses the invasion of HCC cells by promoting β-catenin ubiquitylation and degradation, which possibly explains the poor prognosis of CTNNB1highTRIM21low HCC patients.

Epidemiological research progress on the relationship between children's dietary patterns and health / 中华预防医学杂志

As food preferences and eating habits form early in life, the development of healthy eating habits in early childhood is a way to prevent diet-related diseases. The dietary pattern approach examines the effect of an overall diet on health outcomes, instead of individual foods or nutrients, thereby presenting a comprehensive evaluation of children's dietary intake. This article reviews the current literature to summarize the main methods for assessing dietary patterns and explore relationships between children's dietary patterns and obesity, puberty onset, cardiovascular diseases, and neurodevelopment. The purpose of this review is to provide evidence-based support for reducing the risk of diet-related diseases in children and recommendations for future research directions.

Effect of intravenous infusion of lidocaine on efficacy of conventional treatment for rheumatoid arthritis / 中华麻醉学杂志

Objective:To evaluate the effect of intravenous infusion of lidocaine on the efficacy of conventional treatment for rheumatoid arthritis.Methods:Forty-four patients with rheumatoid arthritis of either sex, aged 32-85 yr, weighing 40-76 kg, who were admitted to the Department of Pain and Nephrology in our hospital from September 2019 to September 2020, were divided into 2 groups ( n=22 each) according to the random number table method: control group (C group) and lidocaine group (L group). Both groups received conventional treatment.When visual analogue scale (VAS) score ≥5, glucocorticoid (GC) and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) were taken orally to maintain the VAS score ≤4.In group L, 0.2% lidocaine hydrochloride injection 3 mg/kg (diluted with 0.9% sodium chloride injection 500 ml) was intravenously infused at a rate of 25 ml/h for 2 h, once a day, for 5 consecutive days, based on the conventional treatment.The VAS score, 28-joint Disease Activity Score (DAS28 score), simplified disease activity index score (SDAI score), consumption of GC and NSAIDs and adverse reactions were recorded before treatment (T 1) and at 1, 4 and 8 weeks after treatment (T 2-4). The temperature of the pain area of the affected joint was evaluated through infrared thermal imaging at T 1 and T 2. Results:Compared with the baseline at T 1, VAS score, DAS28 score and SDAI score were significantly decreased at each time point, and the temperature of the pain area of the affected joint at T 2 was decreased in the two groups ( P<0.05). There were no significant differences in VAS score, DAS28 score and SDAI score at each time point between two groups ( P>0.05). Compared with group C, the consumption of GC and NSAIDs was significantly decreased, and the temperature of the pain area of the dorsum of both hands and the dorsum of right foot at T 2 and incidence of adverse reactions were decreased in group L ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Intravenous infusion of lidocaine can optimize the efficacy of conventional treatment for rheumatoid arthritis.

Analysis of chloroplast genomes and development of specific DNA barcodes for identifying the original species of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma / 药学学报

Rhei Radix et Rhizoma is one of the most used medicinal materials in China. Its original species are Rheum palmatum, Rh. tanguticum, and Rh. officinale. Rhei Radix et Rhizoma derived from different original species are significantly different in their active ingredients and pharmacological effects. To develop an accurate, rapid, and specific identification method, we obtained the chloroplast genomes of the three original species by Illumina Novaseq sequencing. We designed specific DNA barcodes from the hypervariable regions, which can accurately identify the three original species. The experimental results showed that the total length of the chloroplast genomes of Rh. tanguticum, Rh. officinale and Rh. palmatum were 161 039 bp, 161 093 bp, and 161 136 bp, respectively. All the three genomes were represented as typical quadripartite structures. A total of 131 genes, including 86 protein-coding genes, 37 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes, and eight ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes were identified from each chloroplast genome. Five pairs of primers based on the hypervariable regions were designed to efficiently amplify 42 samples. Results confirmed that five hypervariable regions, rps16-trnQ, psaA-ycf3, psbE-petL, ndhF-rpl32, and trnT-trnL, can be used as specific DNA barcodes for the identification of Rh. tanguticum, Rh. officinale, and Rh. palmatum. These results provided genetic information for further species identification of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, and improve the safety of this clinical medication as well as standardize the market for Rhei Radix et Rhizoma.

Systematic screening and analysis of bZIP transcription factors in Glycyrrhiza uralensis and their response to ABA stress / 药学学报

Licorice, one of the most commonly used medicinal materials in China, grows mainly in arid and semi-arid regions and has important economic and ecological values. Basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factors in plants play an important role in regulating biological or abiotic stress responses, growth, and secondary metabolite synthesis. bZIP transcription factors in the published whole genome database of Glycyrrhiza uralensis were identified using bZIP sequences found in Arabidopsis thaliana genome as reference, and ABA-dependent bZIP genes were identified by using Illumina high-throughput sequencing. The physical and chemical properties, structure of the encoded proteins, and the gene expression patterns with exogenous ABA stress were analyzed. A total of 69 bZIP transcription factor genes were identified in G. uralensis, named Gubzip1-69, and they were divided into 10 subfamilies (A-I and S) according to their similarity to bZIPs of A. thaliana. By calculating the relative expression levels of the 69 GubZIPs genes under different concentrations of exogenous ABA stress, genes that may be involved in the regulation of ABA signaling pathways were identified, namely GubZIP1, GubZIP5, GubZIP8, GubZIP30, GubZIP33 and GubZIP56. The results of expression pattern analysis of these GubZIPs genes under exogenous ABA stress showed that the expression pattern of GubZIPs genes changed significantly with 50 mg·L-1 ABA. The relative expression levels of these genes decreased 3 h after treatment, and gradually increased 6 h after treatment. Except for GubZIP8, the relative expression levels of these genes were significantly increased after 12 h. Further research on the function of bZIP transcription factors of G. uralensis and elucidating their regulatory mechanisms should be of interest and will provide a scientific basis for cultivating high-quality cultivars of G. uralensis through molecular breeding methods.

Baicalin Alleviates LPS-Induced Acute Lung Injury in Rats Through p38 MAPK/NLRP3 Pathway / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects and mechanism of baicalin （BA） on lipopolysaccharide （LPS）-induced acute lung injury in rats. MethodEighty healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into the control group， model group， low-dose BA （BA-L） group， medium-dose BA （BA-M） group， high-dose BA （BA-H） group， dexamethasone （DEX） group， SB203580 group， and BA + SB203580 group， with 10 rats in each group. The rats in the BA-L， BA-M， and BA-H groups were injected intraperitoneally with different doses （10， 50， 100 mg·kg-1） of BA solution， the ones in the DEX group with 5 mg·kg-1 DEX solution， the ones in the SB203580 group with 0.5 mg·kg-1 SB203580 solution， the ones in the BA + SB203580 group with 100 mg·kg-1 BA solution and 0.5 mg·kg-1 SB203580， and those in both the control group and model group with the same volume of normal saline， once per day， for seven successive days. One hour after the last administration， rats in all groups except for the control group were given 5 mg·kg-1 LPS via intratracheal instillation for inducing the acute lung injury， whereas those in the control group received the same volume of normal saline solution. Twelve hours later， the lung tissues were sampled and stained with htoxylin-eosin （HE） for observing the pathological changes， followed by the counting of the total number of cells and neutrophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid （BALF）. The wet/dry weight ratio of the lung tissue and the contents of serum superoxide dismutase （SOD） and malondialdehyde （MDA） were measured. The activity of reactive oxygen species （ROS） in the lung tissue was detected by immunofluorescence and the levels of interleukin-1β （IL-1β）， interleukin-18 （IL-18）， interleukin-6 （IL-6）， and tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α） in BALF by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. Immunohistochemistry （IHC） was conducted to determine the relative expression of p-p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase （MAPK） and Western blotting was carried out to detect the protein expression levels of p-p38 MAPK， thioredoxin interacting protein （TXNIP）， NOD-like receptor protein 3 （NLRP3）， and cysteinyl aspartate specific protease-1 （Caspase-1） in the lung tissue. ResultCompared with the control group， the model group displayed inflammatory pathological changes in lung tissue， elevated wet/dry weight ratio， total number of cells and neutrophils in BALF， and ROS and MDA levels （P<0.01）， decreased SOD activity （P<0.01）， and up-regulated IL-1， IL-18， IL-6， TNF-α， p-p38 MAPK， NLRP3， and Caspase-1 expression （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， BA at different doses， SB203580， and BA + SB203580 all effectively alleviated the pathological changes in lung tissue induced by LPS， reduce the lung wet/dry weight ratio， the total number of cells and neutrophils in BALF， and ROS and MDA levels （P<0.05，P<0.01）， enhanced the activity of SOD （P<0.05，P<0.01）， and down-regulated the expression of IL-1β， IL-18， IL-6，TNF-α， p-p38 MAPK， NLRP3， and Caspase-1 in lung tissue （P<0.05，P<0.01）. ConclusionBA has a protective effect against LPS-induced acute lung injury， which may be related to its inhibition of p38MAPK/NLRP3 signaling pathway and the improvement of inflammatory response.

The Treatment of Newly Diagnosed Primary Immune Thrombocytopenia by Recombinant Human Thrombopoietin Combined with Glucocorticoid / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the efficacy and safety of recombinant human thrombopoietin (rhTPO) combined with glucocorticoid in treatment of newly diagnosed adult primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP).@*METHODS@#Eleven male and 23 female patients with the diagnosis of primary ITP in our hospital from November 2018 to October 2019 were enrolled and randomly divided into test group (17 cases) and control group (17 cases), the median age was 52 years old (range: 20-76 years old). The patients in test group were treated with rhTPO 300 IU/(kg·d) combined with glucocorticoid , while the patients in control group were treated with rhTPO (15 000 IU/d) combined with glucocorticoid. Platelet count, platelet increase, as well as the overall response rate were compared. At the same time, the drug tolerance and any adverse drug reactions were observed.@*RESULTS@#The platelet counts and platelet increase of the patients in the test group were significantly higher than those in control group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in platelet counts and platelet increase between the patients in the test group and control group at day 3, 7 after treatment. There was no significant difference in overall response rates and complete response rates at day 7, 14 between the two groups either. In test group, there were 13 cases received platelet transfusion, while 12 cases in control group. The muscle aches occurred in one patient, and mild aminotransferase increased in another patient in test group which was self-recovery without treatment.@*CONCLUSION@#RhTPO 300 U/(kg·d) combined with glucocorticoid could rapidly increase the platelet count with a low incidence of tolerable adverse events compared with conventional dose rhTPO with glucocorticoid.

MicroRNA-34c-5p provokes isoprenaline-induced cardiac hypertrophy by modulating autophagy via targeting ATG4B

Pathological cardiac hypertrophy serves as a significant foundation for cardiac dysfunction and heart failure. Recently, growing evidence has revealed that microRNAs (miRNAs) play multiple roles in biological processes and participate in cardiovascular diseases. In the present research, we investigate the impact of miRNA-34c-5p on cardiac hypertrophy and the mechanism involved. The expression of miR-34c-5p was proved to be elevated in heart tissues from isoprenaline (ISO)-infused mice. ISO also promoted miR-34c-5p level in primary cultures of neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (NRCMs). Transfection with miR-34c-5p mimic enhanced cell surface area and expression levels of foetal-type genes atrial natriuretic factor (Anf) and β-myosin heavy chain (β-Mhc) in NRCMs. In contrast, treatment with miR-34c-5p inhibitor attenuated ISO-induced hypertrophic responses. Enforced expression of miR-34c-5p by tail intravenous injection of its agomir led to cardiac dysfunction and hypertrophy in mice, whereas inhibiting miR-34c-5p by specific antagomir could protect the animals against ISO-triggered hypertrophic abnormalities. Mechanistically, miR-34c-5p suppressed autophagic flux in cardiomyocytes, which contributed to the development of hypertrophy. Furthermore, the autophagy-related gene 4B (ATG4B) was identified as a direct target of miR-34c-5p, and miR-34c-5p was certified to interact with 3' untranslated region of Atg4b mRNA by dual-luciferase reporter assay. miR-34c-5p reduced the expression of ATG4B, thereby resulting in decreased autophagy activity and induction of hypertrophy. Inhibition of miR-34c-5p abolished the detrimental effects of ISO by restoring ATG4B and increasing autophagy. In conclusion, our findings illuminate that miR-34c-5p participates in ISO-induced cardiac hypertrophy, at least partly through suppressing ATG4B and autophagy. It suggests that regulation of miR-34c-5p may offer a new way for handling hypertrophy-related cardiac dysfunction.

Equisetin is an anti-obesity candidate through targeting 11β-HSD1

Obesity is increasingly prevalent globally, searching for therapeutic agents acting on adipose tissue is of great importance. Equisetin (EQST), a meroterpenoid isolated from a marine sponge-derived fungus, has been reported to display antibacterial and antiviral activities. Here, we revealed that EQST displayed anti-obesity effects acting on adipose tissue through inhibiting adipogenesis in vitro and attenuating HFD-induced obesity in mice, doing so without affecting food intake, blood pressure or heart rate. We demonstrated that EQST inhibited the enzyme activity of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1), a therapeutic target of obesity in adipose tissue. Anti-obesity properties of EQST were all offset by applying excessive 11β-HSD1's substrates and 11β-HSD1 inhibition through knockdown in vitro or 11β-HSD1 knockout in vivo. In the 11β-HSD1 bypass model constructed by adding excess 11β-HSD1 products, EQST's anti-obesity effects disappeared. Furthermore, EQST directly bond to 11β-HSD1 protein and presented remarkable better intensity on 11β-HSD1 inhibition and better efficacy on anti-obesity than known 11β-HSD1 inhibitor. Therefore, EQST can be developed into anti-obesity candidate compound, and this study may provide more clues for developing higher effective 11β-HSD1 inhibitors.

Comparision of Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation between Children with Thalassemia of Different Ages / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the difference of therapeutic effects on children with thalassemia at different age after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.@*METHODS@#The clinical data of children with thalassemia treated in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed. The children were divided into 2-5 years old group and 6-12 years old group. The success rate of implantation, transplant-related mortality, GVHD incidence, and other transplant-related complications, as well as thalassemia-free survival (TFS) were compared between the two groups.@*RESULTS@#The incidence of GVHD, hemorrhagic cystitis and severe oral mucositis after transplantation in the 2-5 years old group were significantly lower than those in the 6-12 years old group, while there was no statistically significant difference in the TFS between the two groups.@*CONCLUSION@#Children in the low age (2-5 years old) group show fewer complications and higher quality of life after transplantation, therefore, stem cell transplantation at 2-5 years old is more conducive to rehabilitation of the children with thalassemia.

The Clinical Efficacy of Haploidentical Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation by Using Parental Donors in Patients with Thalassemia / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To analyze the clinical efficacy of haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (haplo-HSCT) by using parental donors on thalassemia patients.@*METHODS@#The 13 thalassemia patients treated by haplo-HSCT using parental donors in our hospital from July 1, 2016, to July 1, 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. Hematopoiesis reconstitution, the incidence of GVHD, infections and the long-term survival of the patients were analyzed.@*RESULTS@#Twelve of the 13 patients were successfully implanted, the success rate of implantation was 92.3%. The median time of neutrophil and platelet engraftment was 12.5 days (range, 9-22 days) and 21 days (range,12-34 days), respectively. One patient achieved primary graft failure. Three (25%) patients developed to acute GVHD (aGVHD) and achieved complete remission after treatment. Chronic GVHD developed in three (25%) patients, one of them was extensive and under treatment, while one patient developed to severe bacterial infection (7.7%). CMV viremia was diagnosed in two patients (15.4%). There were no patients developed to CMV disease. Three (23.1%) patients achieved EB viremia after transplantation, one of them developed to EBV-related lymphocytic proliferative disease, while there were no patients showed invasive fungal infection. At the last follow-up, all patients survived, twelve of them were free from transfusion dependency. There were no transplant-related deaths. Projected overall and thalassemia-free survival at three years was 100% and 92.3%, respectively.@*CONCLUSION@#The transplant protocol of haplo-HSCT by using parental donors in patients with thalassemia has reliable source of donors, high incidence of successful implantation and low incidence of GVHD, which can be used as an effective way to increase the source of donors in children with thalassemia.

Advances in N-methyl-D-aspartate Receptor Signaling Pathway and Mechanism of the Pathway-mediated Apoptosis / 中国医学科学院学报

N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR),an important ionic glutamate receptor and a ligand and voltage-gated ion channel characterized by complex composition and functions and wide distribution,plays a key role in the pathological and physiological process of diseases or stress states.NMDAR can mediate apoptosis through different pathways such as mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum damage,production of reactive oxygen species and peroxynitrite,and activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase and calpain.This paper reviews the structure,distribution,and biological characteristics of NMDAR and the mechanisms of NMDAR-mediated apoptosis.

Study on difference of effect of Huoxue drugs and Yiqi Huoxue drugs on tumor metastasis based on immune remodeling / 中国中药杂志

Tumor metastasis is an important cause of tumor treatment failure. Its molecular mechanism is closely related to tumor cells remodeling immune cells and immunosuppressive microenvironment, so as to create a suitable soil for tumor cell invasion and growth. "Huoxue Huayu" is one of the important therapeutic principles in cancer treatment, but the influence of Huoxue drugs on tumor metastasis has been controversial in clinical application. In this paper, we systematically summarized the comparative study of Huoxue drugs and Yiqi Huoxue drugs in tumor metastasis in recent years, and discussed the differences of molecular mechanisms of Huoxue drugs and Yiqi Huoxue drugs in anti-tumor metastasis from the perspective of immune remodeling, so as to provide scientific basis for clinical rational application of Huoxue drugs and Yiqi Huoxue drugs.

Impact of regional differences in stroke symptom awareness and low-income status on seeking emergency medical service in China / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

BACKGROUND@#Unawareness of stroke symptoms and low income are two barriers that affect the seeking of emergency medical service (EMS). This study aimed to assess the effect of unawareness and low income on seeking EMS and to investigate the regional distribution of the unawareness and low-income status and their associations with failing to call EMS in China.@*METHODS@#A total of 187,723 samples from the China National Stroke Screening Survey was interviewed cross-sectionally. Four status of awareness and annual income were identified: unaware and low-income, unaware-only, low-income-only, and aware and regular income. The outcomes were whether they intended to call EMS or not. The regional distribution of each status and their associations with not calling EMS were presented.@*RESULTS@#The status of unaware and low-income, unaware-only, and low-income-only accounted for 6.3% (11,806/187,673), 11.9% (22,241/187,673), and 21.5% (40,289/187,673) of the total sample, respectively. Not calling EMS was significantly associated with the status of unaware and low-income (odds ratio [OR]: 3.21, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.07-3.35), unaware-only (OR: 2.38, 95% CI: 2.31-2.46), and low-income-only (OR: 1.67, 95% CI: 1.63-1.71), compared with the aware and regular income status. The Midwest regions had higher percentages of people in the unaware and low-income status; the East, South, and Central had higher percentages of unaware-only status; the North and Northeast regions had a higher percentage of low-income-only status, compared with other regions.@*CONCLUSION@#The existence of the regional difference in unawareness and low income justifies the specific stroke education strategies for the targeted regions and population.

Research on the mode of hospital-institute integration based on project cooperation / 中华医学科研管理杂志

Objective:To explore the hospital-institute integration mode based on project cooperation.Methods:Focusing on the management innovation of clinical and basic scientific research cooperation mode, the method of hospital-institute integration mode based on project cooperation and the key points in practice were discussed, to develop better understandings of the construction and development such mode.Results:Several key points of developing hospital-institute integration mode based on project cooperation were proposed. Main measurements adopted including the integration of scientific research and clinic service, comprehensive construction of management concept, scientific research capacity, teaching organization and service concept, cultivation of high-level research talents, construction of research departments, according to which formed the main structure of the hospital. Furthermore, it is important to change the development mode in time to promote the healthy development of the hospital.Conclusions:It is a new direction of the clinical and basic research cooperation innovation to encourage the hospital-institute integration mode based on project cooperation. It is also an effective strategy to promote the improvement of diagnosis and treatment level under the new medical reform situation.