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BackgroundPrevention and intervention of procrastination in college students are of great practical significance, and studies have illustrated a pairwise correlation among mindfulness, self-control, insecure attachment and procrastination, whereas the mechanism by which insecure attachment leads to procrastination remains unclear, and the related mediation path is quite understudied. ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of insecure attachment on procrastination among college students and the pathway of mindfulness and self-control, so as to inform the design of interventions for procrastination among college students. MethodsRandom and cluster sampling method were utilized to enroll 514 college students from 4 colleges in Guangdong Province From February to April 2023. Subjects were assessed using Irrational Procrastination Scale (IPS), Adult Attachment Scale (AAS), Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS) and Brief Self-Control Scale (BSCS). Pearson correlation analysis were adopted to identify the correlation among above scales, and the mediation effect was examined via Bootstrap procedure. ResultsAAS score was positively correlated with IPS score (r=0.382, P<0.01), and negatively correlated with MAAS and BSCS scores (r=-0.242, -0.353, P<0.01). IPS score was negatively correlated with MAAS and BSCS scores (r=-0.314, -0.682, P<0.01). MAAS score was positively correlated with BSCS score (r=0.439, P<0.01). Insecure attachment positively predicted procrastination (β=0.377, P<0.01), and the prediction of procrastination by insecure attachment was mediated by self-control, with an indirect effect value of 0.163 (95% CI: 0.105~0.223), accounting for 43.24% of the total effect value. The mindfulness and self-control exerted a chained mediation effect on the relationship between insecure attachment and procrastination, and the indirect effect value was 0.056 (95% CI: 0.028~0.089), accounting for 14.85% of the total effect value. ConclusionInsecure attachment can influence procrastination among college students both directly and indirectly through the single mediation of self-control or the chained mediation of mindfulness and self-control. [Funded by 2023 National College Student Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program (number, 202310570023)]
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Neuroinflammatory response may accelerate tissue damage after ischemic stroke and affect neuronal death and neurogenesis. Microglia are an important line of defense against central nervous system injury, which are rapidly activated after cerebral ischemia and exert their effects by releasing various inflammatory mediators. Therefore, promoting the transition of microglia from M1 phenotype to M2 phenotype or maintaining dynamic balance between the two during the inflammatory process after ischemic stroke may be the important therapeutic targets for reducing inflammation after cerebral ischemia.
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Objective To study the characteristics of a rat model of migraine with hyperactivity of liver-yang and blood stagnation,which was established by Fuzi Decoction combined with electrical stimulation of the trigeminal ganglion.Methods The 30 SD rats were divided into normal group,model group,and Zhengtian pill group(1.6 g·kg-1),with 10 rats in each group.Rats in the model group and Zhengtian pill group were fed with aconite decoction(2.00 g·kg-1)once a day for 28 day to establish the hyperthermia model;On the 15 day of intragastric administration,rats in the Zhengtai pill group were simultaneously given Zhengtai pill solution once a day for 14 day;At 29 day,the trigeminal ganglion was stimulated to create the migraine model of hyperliver and stasis.After 30 min of the last dose,the macroscopic signs and behaviors were observed,and the blood rheology was detected by blood visticometer.Positive substance P(SP)expression,mRNA and relative protein expression in the trigeminal cervical pulp complex(TCC)in rat mice by immunohistochemistry,RT-qPCR and Western blot analysis.Results Compared with the normal group,the model group has macro signs such as red eyes,irritability,cage fighting,dark tongue and stasis points;regular head positioning and frequent hair management;increased distance in the central area(P<0.05).The relative viscosity of whole blood,plasma viscosity,red blood cell aggregation index all increased(P<0.05),and the red blood cell variant index decreased(P<0.05);SP positive expression,mRNA and the relative protein expression increased in TCC(P<0.05).Compared with model group,Zhengtian pill group can improve macro representation and behavior significantly;can significantly reduce central distance(P<0.05);can reduce plasma viscosity,high-shear relative viscosity of whole blood,and red blood cell aggregation index(P<0.05);increase the Red blood cell variant index significantly(P<0.05);down-regulate SP positive expression,mRNA and relative protein expression in TCC(P<0.05,P<0.01).Conclusion SD rats were used for 4 weeks to construct a migraine model of hyperhepatic hyperactivity and stasis,which was basically consistent with the clinical manifestations.
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OBJECTIVE To expl ore the mechanism of effe ctive fractions from Xiongma decoction in the treatment of migraine with hyperactivity of liver-yang and blood stasis. METHODS Totally 70 male SD rats were randomly divided into normal group , model group ,positive control group (Flunarizine hydrochloride capsules 0.9 mg/kg),low-dose and high-dose groups of Xiongma decoction effective fractions (ethyl acetate extract 0.87,3.46 g/kg,n-butanol extract 1.80,7.20 g/kg). Except for normal group , rats in other groups were given aconite decoction (2 g/kg),once a day ,for 4 consecutive weeks to establish the hyperactivity model of liver-yang. On the 15th day of modeling ,all administration groups were given corresponding drugs intragastrically at the same time ,once a day ,for 2 consecutive weeks. On the 29th day of modeling ,rats trigeminal ganglion was stimulated to establish the migraine model with hyperactivity of liver-yang and blood stasis ,then the medication was maintained for another time according to the above method. The macroscopic signs and behavior of the rats were observed ;positive expression ,mRNA and protein expression of transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1),calcitonin generelated peptide (CGRP),calcitonin receptor-like receptor (CRLR) and receptor-associated membrane proteins 1 (RAMP1) in trigeminal cervical spinal complex (TCC) were detected by immunohistochemistry ,RT-qPCR and Western blot assay. RESULTS Rats in model group showed macrophysical signs and behaviora l manifestations related to migraine with hyperactivity of liver-yang and blood stasis. Thirty minutes after last administration ,the above conditions of rats in Xiongma decoction effective fraction groups were improved significantly. Compared with normal group , positive expression,mRNA and protein expression of TRPV 1,CGRP, CRLR and RAMP 1 in TCC of rats in the model group were significantly increased (P<0.05). Compared with model zengguirong@hnse.org group, most of above indicators in Xiongma decoction effective fraction groups were significantly decreased (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS The mechanism of Xiongma decoction in preventing and treating migraine with hyperactivity of liver-yang and blood stasis may be related to inhibit the activity of TRPV1-CGRP/CGRP receptor signaling pathway in TCC.
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Objective:To explore the effect of peer nursing on preoperative anxiety and quality of life of patients with cerebral aneurysm.Methods:A total of 83 patients with aneurysms treated in our hospital from June 2017 to February 2019, and 41 patients treated in our hospital from June 2017 to June 2018 were selected as the control group for routine preoperative care. From June 2018 to February 2019, 42 patients were treated as the observation group were given pre-operative peer participatory care on the basis of the control group. The changes of anxiety and depression, hope level and quality of life were compared between the two groups.Results:The score of Self Rating Depression scale (SDS) (21.24±3.47) and Self Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) (44.21±2.42) in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group SDS (39.38±4.65) and SAS (54.36±2.86) ( t value was 20.175, 17.470, P < 0.05). The positive attitude, positive action, intimacy maintaining with others and hope level were 14.03±1.65, 12.87±1.93, 12.63±2.15 and 38.26±3.78 in the control group, and 11.95±2.83, 10.72±1.85, 11.04±1.57 and 34.73±3.81 in the control group respectively. The differences between the two groups were statistically significant ( t value was 3.840-5.179, P < 0.05). The social function, cognitive function and the scores of role function and body function were 4.15±0.47, 3.92±0.36, 4.14±0.42 and 4.17±0.46 in the control group, and 3.53±0.43, 3.22±0.34, 3.73±0.35 and 3.56±0.41 in the control group, respectively. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( t value was 4.825-9.103, all P < 0.05). Conclusions:Peer participation nursing can effectively improve the negative emotions of patients with cerebral aneurysm, such as anxiety, depression and tension, and improve the level of hope and quality of life, which is worthy of clinical application.
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Objective To investigate correlation between QT interval(QT),corrected QT interval(QTc) and metabolic syndrome(MS). Methods Residents who participated in our survey concerning atherosclerosis and related diseases conducted in Shenyang were included. They accomplished questionnaire,physical examination, laboratory tests and electrocardiography test. We divided them into MS group and non-metabolic syndrome (NMS)group according to International Diabetes Federation(IDF)diagnostic criteria for MS. QT interval was measured from the standard 12-lead electrocardiogram. QTc was calculated by using Bazett and Fridericia equations. We analyze correlation of QT ,QTc and MS. Results A total of 739 residents who were 35~64 years old were included. Individuals with MS had longer QTcB and QTcF than NMS group[(415.8 ± 31.9)ms vs.(410.1 ± 32.1)ms, (407.2± 29.1)ms vs.(402.6 ± 28.8)ms,P<0.05]. The more the number of abnormal MS parameters they had, the longer the QT,QTcB and QTcF they had. Regression analysis showed that QT was associated with serum potassium,smoking,blood glucose,and LDL,and QTcB and QTcF were associated with hypertension,waist circumference and blood potassium. Conclusions MS is associated with corrected QTc. Careful ECG monitoring among persons with MS for early detection of a long corrected QT interval may prevent severe and often fatal arrhythmias or sudden death.
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Objective To observe the impacts of different storage temperatures on the activities of adipose tissues and the extraction and proliferation of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) situated in harvested fat.Methods Adipose tissues obtained by liposuctions in healthy females were kept in different temperature;all groups of adipose tissues were studied in context of the histomorphology and activity of GAPD as well as the extraction efficiency and proliferation of ADSCs.Results Adipose tissues cryopreserved at 4 ℃ within 24 hours could retain their activities effectively,but their activities would decrease rapidly if they preserved at room temperature.The efficiency of adipose tissues extracting stem cells and their proliferations were affected by storage temperatures and times.If adipose tissues were preserved at room temperature for over 1 hour,the extraction efficiency and proliferation of their ADSCs would be lower significantly.Conclusions Adipose tissues cryopreserved at 4 ℃ can effectively ensure their activities and their extraction efficiency and proliferation of ADSCs.It is important to preserve adipose tissues at low temperature after harvesting fat graft.
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Objective To investigate the clinical effect of low frequency ultrasound on middle cerebral artery (MCA) atherosclerosis acute ischemic stroke.Methods One hundred patients with symptomatic atherosclerotic MCA atherosclerosis acute ischemic stroke were randomly divided into low frequency ultrasound group (n=50) and control group (n=50).The patients of the control group were administered routine medicine,while the patients of the low frequency ultrasound group accepted low frequency ultrasound besides routine medicine.The main observation indexes included National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores,peak systolic velocity of the MCA stenosis segment,microemboli signal and serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) concentrations before and after the treatment.Results Fourteen days after treatment,the NIHSS scores of the low frequency ultrasound group (3.70±4.88) were significantly lower than those in the group (4.68±5.49,P<0.05);the peak systolic velocity of the MCA stenosis segment in the low frequency ultrasound group after treatment was (158.60±34.33) cm/s,which was significantly lower than that before treatment,namely (189.94± 28.21) cm/s (P<0.05);7 and 14 days after treatment,the microemboli positive rate of the low frequency ultrasound group (17.00% and 6.00%) was significantly lower than that in the control group (67.00% and 8.30%,P<0.05);serum hs-CRP concentration of the low frequency ultrasound group and control group after treatment was significantly lower than that before treatment (P<0.05),and that in the low frequency ultrasound group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05).Conclusion Low frequency ultrasound assisted therapy can lower serum hs-CRP level,improve hemodynamic MCA stenosis segment,inhibit MCA stenosis segment origin microemboli,and promote neurological recovery in patients with MCA stenosis.
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Objective:To study the relationship between neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (N/L) and traditional cardio‐vascular risk factors among community 35~64‐year‐old residents .Methods :A total of 1884 residents (548 males and 1336 females) from urban Shenyang city received baseline condition questionnaire on cardiovascular diseases and re‐lated diseases from Apr 2011 to Feb 2012. According to presence of cardiovascular risk factors or not ,subjects were divided into healthy control group (n=675) and risk factor group (n=1209);according to number of risk factors , risk factor group was further divided into one risk factor group (n=491) ,two risk factors group (n=263) and ≥3 risk factors group (n=455) .Morning blood sample and urine sample were retained to measure blood and urine rou‐tine ,blood glucose and blood lipid profile etc in all subjects .N/L was compared and analyzed among all groups .Re‐sults:Among patients with only one of following risk factors [hypertension ,diabetes mellitus (DM) ,dyslipidemia and obesity] ,N/L levels of patients with hypertension or DM were significantly higher than that of healthy control group [1.55(1.15 ,1.95) ,1.60(1.21 ,2.07) vs .1.45(1.09 ,1.91)] , P0.05 all .Among risk factor sub‐groups ,N/L level of ≥3 risk factors group was significantly higher than that of two risk factors group [1.57(1.16 , 2.04) vs .1.41(1.07 ,1.89) ,P0.05) .Conclusion:N/L significantly related to hypertension or DM ,and N/L level of ≥3 risk factors group was sig‐nificantly higher than that of two risk factors group ,N/L is helpful to assess risk of cardiovascular diseases .
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Aim To investigate the effects of Guaveno-ic acid (GA)on proliferation,insulin synthesis and secretion in INS-1 cells and their possible mechanism. Methods INS-1 βcells were cultured in vitro.Control group,medium group,model group,drug groups and positive group were set.INS-1 cells were treated with GA (0.3,1 ,3,1 0,30 nmol·L -1 )for 48 h.The cell proliferation was tested by MTT assay.Acid-alco-hol was used to extract the insulin in the cells and the amount of insulin synthesis of INS-1 cells was tested by RIA.5.6,1 6.7 mmol·L -1 glucose was used to chal-lenge INS-1 cells for 1 h to the insulin secretion model (BIS and GSIS)was tested,and the insulin secretion of INS-1 cells was tested via RIA.The mRNA expres-sion of insulin gene,PDX-1 and MafA was tested by q-PCR.Results Compared with medium group,GA could promote the proliferation of INS-1 cells signifi-cantly (P <0.01 )and promote the synthesis of insulin in INS-1 cells significantly (P <0.01 ).GA(0.3 ~30 nmol· L -1 )could promote the BIS,GSIS of INS-1 cells significantly (P <0.05 or P <0.01 ).GA (3,30 nmol·L -1 )could up-regulate the mRNA expression of insulin gene,PDX-1 ,MafA in INS-1 cells signifi-cantly (P <0.01 ).Conclusions GA could signifi-cantly improve the proliferation of INS-1 cells and pro-mote the insulin synthesis and secretion of INS-1 cells, which may be associated with up-regulation of insulin gene,PDX-1 ,MafA mRNA expression.