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1.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1041938

ABSTRACT

During nationwide Fantimicrobial surveillance (Korea Global Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance System [Kor-GLASS]), the recent emergence of non-oxacillinase (OXA)-23 production by carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) isolates was noted. In this study, we evaluated resistance mechanisms other than OXA-23 production to elucidate the shift in considerable CRAB clones. The presence of OXA carbapenemase genes, such as blaOXA-23 , blaOXA-24 , blaOXA-58 , and blaOXA-51-ISAba1, was determined by PCR. Other carbapenemase genes, such as blaIMP , blaVIM , blaNDM , blaKPC , blaGES , and blaOXA-48 , were determined using sequencing. Strains lacking carbapenemase genes were subjected to whole genome sequencing, and resistance genes were analyzed using ResFinder. Four CRAB strains were collected through a Kor-GLASS study in 2022, in which OXA-23 production was not identified. The carbapenemase genotypes of the four CRAB strains lacking blaOXA-23 were blaOXA-51 -ISAba1, blaOXA-66/ACD25 , blaOXA-182, and blaNDM-1 . To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to identify CRAB producing New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase (NDM)-1 in Korea. In conclusion, domestic CRAB resistance mechanisms may undergo subtle changes. Continuous observations are required to monitor the emergence of new clones.

2.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1041998

ABSTRACT

Background@#Rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM; TEM International GmbH, Munich, Germany) is a global coagulation test that guides evidence-based platelet transfusion in trauma patients. We evaluated ROTEM parameters for predicting mid-term (five days) platelet transfusion in trauma patients. @*Methods@#Maximum clot firmness and clot amplitudes after 5, 10, and 15 mins (A5, A10, and A15, respectively) of fibrin-specific ROTEM (FIBTEM) and extrinsically activated ROTEM (EXTEM) were retrospectively collected from 82 hospitalized, stable, non-bleeding trauma patients after successful initial resuscitation. Platelet-specific ROTEM (PLTEM) was calculated by subtracting FIBTEM from EXTEM. Platelet transfusions were reviewed for five days after ROTEM. @*Results@#The areas under the curve for FIBTEM, EXTEM, and PLTEM predicting platelet concentrate transfusion of > 12 U at mid-term were 0.915–0.923, 0.878–0.896, and 0.551–0.735, respectively. FIBTEM and EXTEM parameters were comparable to those of fibrinogen, fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products, D-dimer, and antithrombin III. Strong correlations (r > 0.7) were noted between platelet count and EXTEM (A5, A10, and A15) or PLTEM (A5), platelet function (per platelet count) and EXTEM (A10 and A15), and fibrinogen levels and all FIBTEM parameters. @*Conclusions@#FIBTEM and EXTEM can reliably predict mid-term platelet transfusion in trauma patients. FIBTEM, EXTEM, and PLTEM parameters correlate with conventional coagulation tests (platelets and fibrinogen).

3.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1044577

ABSTRACT

Background@#Appropriate platelet transfusion is essential for patient blood management and allocating limited healthcare resources. Therefore, this study evaluated the appropriateness of platelet transfusion in two tertiary hospitals. @*Methods@#At Chonnam National University Hospital (Hospital A) and Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital (Hospital B), 1,470 platelet transfusions (299 and 1,171 cases at Hospitals A and B, respectively) during a single month were reviewed retrospectively using the Korean Transfusion Guidelines (5th edition). @*Results@#The most common indications were therapeutic transfusion to ensure hemostasis (54.8%) at Hospital A and to prevent spontaneous bleeding in patients with hematologic/oncologic diseases (65.8%) at Hospital B. Overall, 87.3% and 76.3% of transfusions were appropriate at Hospitals A and B, respectively. According to the different transfusion indications, the therapeutic transfusions were appropriate in more than 80% of cases in both hospitals.The appropriateness of prophylactic transfusions against spontaneous bleeding was 80.7% and 69.3%, respectively, and those before surgery or invasive procedures were 72.0% and 66.2%, respectively. Of the 38 and 278 inappropriate transfusions in Hospitals A and B, respectively (as determined by pre-transfusion platelet counts), most cases had platelet counts between 50 and 100×109 /L in Hospital A (23 cases) and between 20 and 50×109 /L in Hospital B (198 cases). @*Conclusion@#The two hospitals differed in terms of transfusion indications, appropriateness, and cases of inappropriateness. The indications and appropriateness of platelet transfusion should be reviewed in real practice on a hospital-by-hospital basis to improve transfusion management.

4.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-967464

ABSTRACT

Background@#The epidemiology of pathogenic bacteria varies according to the socioeconomic status and antimicrobial resistance status. However, longitudinal epidemiological studies to evaluate the changes in species distribution and antimicrobial susceptibility of pathogenic bacteria nationwide are lacking. We retrospectively investigated the nationwide trends in species distribution and antimicrobial susceptibility of pathogenic bacteria over the last 20 years in Korea. @*Methods@#From 1997 to 2016, annual cumulative antimicrobial susceptibility and species distribution data were collected from 12 university hospitals in five provinces and four metropolitan cities in South Korea. @*Results@#The prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus was the highest (13.1%) until 2012 but decreased to 10.3% in 2016, consistent with the decrease in oxacillin resistance from 76.1% in 2008 to 62.5% in 2016. While the cefotaxime resistance of Escherichia coli increased from 9.0% in 1997 to 34.2% in 2016, E. coli became the most common species since 2013, accounting for 14.5% of all isolates in 2016. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii rose to third and fifth places in 2008 and 2010, respectively, while imipenem resistance increased from 13.9% to 30.8% and 0.7% to 73.5% during the study period, respectively.Streptococcus agalactiae became the most common pathogenic streptococcal species in 2016, as the prevalence of Streptococcus pneumoniae decreased since 2010. During the same period, pneumococcal penicillin susceptibility decreased to 79.0%, and levofloxacin susceptibility of S. agalactiae decreased to 77.1% in 2016. @*Conclusion@#The epidemiology of pathogenic bacteria has changed significantly over the past 20 years according to trends in antimicrobial resistance in Korea. Efforts to confine antimicrobial resistance would change the epidemiology of pathogenic bacteria and, consequently, the diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases.

5.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1040358

ABSTRACT

Background@#Streptococcus pneumoniae is a serious pathogen causing various infections in humans. We evaluated the serotype distribution and antimicrobial resistance of S. pneumoniae causing invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) after introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV)13 in Korea and investigated the epidemiological characteristics of multidrug-resistant (MDR) isolates. @*Methods@#S. pneumoniae isolates causing IPD were collected from 16 hospitals in Korea between 2017 and 2019. Serotyping was performed using modified sequential multiplex PCR and the Quellung reaction. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests were performed using the broth microdilution method. Multilocus sequence typing was performed on MDR isolates for epidemiological investigations. @*Results@#Among the 411 S. pneumoniae isolates analyzed, the most prevalent serotype was 3 (12.2%), followed by 10A (9.5%), 34 (7.3%), 19A (6.8%), 23A (6.3%), 22F (6.1%), 35B (5.8%), 11A (5.1%), and others (40.9%). The coverage rates of PCV7, PCV10, PCV13, and pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV)23 were 7.8%, 7.8%, 28.7%, and 59.4%, respectively. Resistance rates to penicillin, ceftriaxone, erythromycin, and levofloxacin were 13.1%, 9.2%, 80.3%, and 4.1%, respectively. MDR isolates accounted for 23.4% of all isolates. Serotypes 23A, 11A, 19A, and 15B accounted for the highest proportions of total isolates at 18.8%, 16.7%, 14.6%, and 8.3%, respectively. Sequence type (ST)166 (43.8%) and ST320 (12.5%) were common among MDR isolates. @*Conclusions@#Non-PCV13 serotypes are increasing among invasive S. pneumoniae strains causing IPD. Differences in antimicrobial resistance were found according to the specific serotype. Continuous monitoring of serotypes and antimicrobial resistance is necessary for the appropriate management of S. pneumoniae infections.

6.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1040387

ABSTRACT

Imipenemase (IMP)-6–producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa sequence type (ST) 235 is a dominant clone of carbapenemase-producing P. aeruginosa (CPPAE) in Korea. As part of the Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance System in Korea, we found an increase in the carbapenem resistance rate of P. aeruginosa isolates from blood cultures and a shift in the molecular epidemiology of CPPAE. A total of 212 non-duplicated P. aeruginosa blood isolates were obtained from nine general hospitals and two nursing homes. Twenty-four isolates were identified as CPPAE. We observed the emergence of the NDM-1 P. aeruginosa ST 773 clone (N=10), mostly from Gyeongsang Province. The IMP-6 ST 235 clone (N=11) was detected in all provinces. CPPAE isolates showed very high resistance rates to amikacin, and all NDM-1 P. aeruginosa strains carried rmtB. This is the first nationwide surveillance of the recently emerged NDM-1–producing P. aeruginosa ST773 clone in Korea. Continuous surveillance is necessary to prevent the infection and transmission of carbapenem- and amikacin-resistant P. aeruginosa in Korea.

7.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1040419

ABSTRACT

Acquired fluconazole resistance (FR) in bloodstream infection (BSI) isolates of Candida albicans is rare. We investigated the FR mechanisms and clinical features of 14 fluconazole non-susceptible (FNS; FR and fluconazole-susceptible dose-dependent) BSI isolates of C. albicans recovered from Korean multicenter surveillance studies during 2006–2021. Mutations causing amino acid substitutions (AASs) in the drug-target gene ERG11 and the FR-associated transcription factor genes TAC1 , MRR1, and UPC2 of the 14 FNS isolates were compared with those of 12 fluconazole-susceptible isolates. Of the 14 FNS isolates, eight and seven had Erg11p (K143R, F145L, or G464S) and Tac1p (T225A, R673L, A736T, or A736V) AASs, respectively, which were previously described in FR isolates. Novel Erg11p, Tac1p, and Mrr1p AASs were observed in two, four, and one FNS isolates, respectively. Combined Erg11p and Tac1p AASs were observed in seven FNS isolates. None of the FR-associated Upc2p AASs were detected. Of the 14 patients, only one had previous azole exposure, and the 30-day mortality rate was 57.1% (8/14). Our data show that Erg11p and Tac1p AASs are likely to contribute to FR in C. albicans BSI isolates in Korea and that most FNS C. albicans BSIs develop without azole exposure.

8.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-966219

ABSTRACT

Background@#We compared the antimicrobial resistance rates (AMRs) of major glucose nonfermenting gram-negative bacilli, Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, under different clinical conditions. The purpose of the study was to provide useful background data to set up infection control strategies for infection-vulnerable patients. @*Methods@#The AMRs of blood isolates were compared in various clinical conditions, using data from the Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance System in Korea. @*Results@#A. baumannii blood isolates from patients with healthcare-associated infections, inpatients, or intensive care unit (ICU)-admitted patients consistently exhibited higher AMRs to most antimicrobials, except minocycline, tigecycline, and colistin, compared with those from patients with community-acquired infections, outpatients, or non-ICU-admitted patients, respectively. P. aeruginosa blood isolates from patients with healthcare-associated infections showed higher AMRs to most antimicrobials, except ceftazidime and aztreonam, compared with those from patients with community-acquired infections, but not compared to those from inpatients or ICU-admitted patients. @*Conclusion@#Higher AMRs were associated with A. baumannii bloodstream infections under various clinical conditions, such as healthcare-associated infections and infections in inpatients and ICU-admitted patients. Considering the high AMRs and the limited number of treatment options of A. baumannii, vigorous efforts should be used to prevent the spreading of A. baumannii infections in patients with vulnerable conditions.

9.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-937127

ABSTRACT

Background@#Recently, CrpP enzymes have been described as a novel cause of ciprofloxacin resistance. The crpP gene encodes a novel protein that specifically confers resistance to ciprofloxacin through an adenosine triphosphate-dependent mechanism that phosphorylates the antimicrobial. In this study, the current prevalence of the crpP gene in carbapenemaseproducing Pseudomonas aeruginosa blood isolates was evaluated. @*Methods@#During the study of the Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance System in Korea, 22 blood isolates of carbapenemase-producing P. aeruginosa were collected from nine general hospitals and two nursing homes in the year 2020. Resistance genes and phylogenic trees were analyzed with the whole genome sequencing data. @*Results@#A total of 11 P. aeruginosa blood isolates coharbored the crpP and carbapenemase genes (nine IMP-6 producers and two GES-5-producers). Nine NDM-1-producers coharbored aac(6')-Ib-cr and qnrVC1 . One GES-9-producer also carried aac(6')-Ib-cr, and one NDM-1-producer also carried qnrVC1. The phylogenic tree showed no epidemiologic link among the 22 carbapenemase-producing P. aeruginosa isolates. @*Conclusion@#This is the first report on the current prevalence of the crpP gene in carbapenemaseproducing P. aeruginosa blood isolates in Korea.

10.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-874149

ABSTRACT

Phospholipase C beta 2 (PLC-β2) regulates various essential functions in cell signaling, differentiation, growth, and mobility. We investigated the clinical implications of PLC-β2 protein expression in newly diagnosed normal karyotype acute myeloid leukemia (NKAML). The PLC-β2 expression status in bone marrow tissues obtained from 101 patients with NK-AML was determined using semiquantitative immunohistochemistry (IHC). IHC results were compared with those for known prognostic markers. Using a cutoff score for positivity of 7.0, the PLC-β2 overexpression group showed superior overall survival (OS) (72.6% vs. 26.5%; P = 0.016) and low hazard ratio (HR) (0.453; P = 0.019) compared with the PLC-β2 low-expression group. The PLC-β2 overexpression group showed no significant gain in event-free survival (50.6% vs. 43.0%, P =0.465) and HR (0.735; P =0.464).Among the known prognostic markers, only FLT3-ITD positivity was associated with a significantly low OS and high HR. In conclusion, PLC-β2 overexpression was associated with favorable OS in NK-AML patients. Our results suggest that PLC-β2 expression assessment using IHC allows prognosis prediction in NK-AML.

11.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-874171

ABSTRACT

Stool examination is the gold standard for the detection of intestinal parasites. We assessed the performance of a newly developed AVE-562 analyzer (AVE Science & Technology Co., Hunan, China) for the vision-based detection of eggs of Clonorchis sinensis—the most common intestinal parasite in Korea—in stool samples. In total, 30 stool samples with a high or low egg count or without eggs (as negative control samples) (N = 10 each) were prepared and analyzed. The performance of the AVE-562 analyzer was compared with that of the formalin-ether concentration (FEC) method. The overall correct identification rate of the AVE-562 analyzer based on FEC results was 66.6%. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of the AVE-562 analyzer for detecting C. sinensis eggs were 36.4%, 100.0%, 100.0%, and 73.1%, respectively. The average time required to run five tests simultaneously was 27 min using the AVE-562 analyzer and 58 min using the FEC method. Although the AVE-562 analyzer enables rapid and convenient stool examination, its sensitivity needs to be improved, particularly considering the prevalence of low-burden C. sinensis infection in Korea.

12.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-874172

ABSTRACT

The correct identification of filamentous fungi is challenging. We evaluated the performance of the VITEK MS v3.0 system (bioMérieux, Marcy-l’Étoile, France) for the identification of a wide spectrum of clinically relevant filamentous fungi using a Korean collection. Strains that were added to the upgraded v3.2 database were additionally identified by the VITEK MS v3.2 system. Of the 105 tested isolates, including 37 Aspergillus (nine species), 41 dermatophytes (seven species), and 27 other molds (17 species), 43 (41.0%) showed “no identification” or “multiple species identification” results at the initial VITEK MS testing; these isolates were retested using the same method. Compared with sequence-based identification, the correct identification rate using VITEK MS for Aspergillus, dermatophytes, other molds, and total mold isolates was 67.6%, 56.1%, 48.1%, and 58.1% at the initial testing and 94.6%, 78.0%, 55.6%, and 78.1% with retesting, respectively. Following retesting, 19 (18.1%) and two (1.9%) isolates showed “no identification” and “misidentification” results, respectively. VITEK MS reliably identified various filamentous fungi recovered in Korea, with a very low rate of misidentification

14.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-762467

ABSTRACT

No abstract available.


Subject(s)
Candida , Fungemia
15.
Article | WPRIM | ID: wpr-833799

ABSTRACT

Blastocystis has recently been recognized as the most common eukaryotic microbe of the human gut. We investigated the prevalence of Blastocystis and their subtypes in diarrheal and non-diarrheal groups and the associated clinical parameters. A total of 324 stool samples were obtained from 196 diarrheal and 128 non-diarrheal subjects. Blastocystis subtypes were determined by sequencing the small subunit ribosomal DNA (SSU rRNA) gene. Demographic, clinical and laboratory data were collected and analyzed by diarrhea and Blastocystis status. The overall rate of Blastocystis positivity was 9.0% (29/324) but was significantly higher in the non-diarrheal group (18.0% vs. 3.1%, P<0.0001). Of the 6 Blastocystis-positive diarrheal patients, 3 (50.0%), none (0.0%), 2 (33.3%), and 1 (16.7%) were infected with subtypes ST1, ST2, ST3, and multiple subtypes, respectively. Of the 23 Blastocystis-positive non-diarrheal patients, 4 (17.4%), 1 (4.3%), and 18 (78.3%) were infected with subtypes ST1, ST2, and ST3, respectively. Blastocystis was less common in the diarrheal than the non-diarrheal group (odds ratio, 0.144; 95% confidence interval, 0.057–0.365, P<0.001). Of the 3 subtypes, ST3 was more frequently observed in the non-diarrheal than diarrheal group (78.3% vs. 33.3%, P=0.0341). Collectively, Blastocystis was found in both the diarrheal and non-diarrheal groups and ST3 was the most common subtype in Korea.

17.
Blood Research ; : 225-245, 2020.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-897339

ABSTRACT

Background@#Chromosomal analysis is essential for the diagnosis and risk stratification of all leukemia patients. Not surprisingly, racial differences in chromosomal aberrations (CA) in hematological malignancies could be found, and CA incidence in leukemia might change over time, possibly due to environmental and lifestyle changes. Thus, we compared the frequency and range of CA in patients with acute leukemia (AL) during two time periods (2006‒2009 vs. 2010‒2015) and compared them with other prior studies. @*Methods@#We enrolled 717 patients with AL during a six-year period (2010‒2015). We compared the results to those of our earlier study (2006‒2009) [1]. Conventional cytogenetics, a multiplex reverse transcriptase (RT)-PCR system, and fluorescence in situ hybridization were employed to assess bone marrow specimens or peripheral blood at the diagnostic stage in AL patients to detect CA. @*Results@#The incidence of CA changed in the leukemia subgroups during the two time periods.Notably, the most frequent CA of childhood acute myeloid leukemia (AML) was PML/RARA, and was followed by RUNX1/RUNX1T1 in the current study. In contrast, the most common CA was RUNX1/RUNX1T1 in a previous study [1] and was followed by PML/RARA. In this study, the most frequent CA of the mixed phenotype AL was BCR/ABL1, which was followed by KMT2A/MLLT3. In a previous report, [1] the most frequent CA was BCR/ABL1, which was followed by KMT2A/ELL. @*Conclusion@#The distribution of CA in Korean AL patients changed over time in a single institute. This change might be due to environmental and lifestyle changes.

18.
Blood Research ; : 225-245, 2020.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-889635

ABSTRACT

Background@#Chromosomal analysis is essential for the diagnosis and risk stratification of all leukemia patients. Not surprisingly, racial differences in chromosomal aberrations (CA) in hematological malignancies could be found, and CA incidence in leukemia might change over time, possibly due to environmental and lifestyle changes. Thus, we compared the frequency and range of CA in patients with acute leukemia (AL) during two time periods (2006‒2009 vs. 2010‒2015) and compared them with other prior studies. @*Methods@#We enrolled 717 patients with AL during a six-year period (2010‒2015). We compared the results to those of our earlier study (2006‒2009) [1]. Conventional cytogenetics, a multiplex reverse transcriptase (RT)-PCR system, and fluorescence in situ hybridization were employed to assess bone marrow specimens or peripheral blood at the diagnostic stage in AL patients to detect CA. @*Results@#The incidence of CA changed in the leukemia subgroups during the two time periods.Notably, the most frequent CA of childhood acute myeloid leukemia (AML) was PML/RARA, and was followed by RUNX1/RUNX1T1 in the current study. In contrast, the most common CA was RUNX1/RUNX1T1 in a previous study [1] and was followed by PML/RARA. In this study, the most frequent CA of the mixed phenotype AL was BCR/ABL1, which was followed by KMT2A/MLLT3. In a previous report, [1] the most frequent CA was BCR/ABL1, which was followed by KMT2A/ELL. @*Conclusion@#The distribution of CA in Korean AL patients changed over time in a single institute. This change might be due to environmental and lifestyle changes.

19.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-739013

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates producing CTX-M extendedspectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) were assessed for antimicrobial resistance phenotypes varied by group of enzymes. METHODS: A total of 1,338 blood isolates, including 959 E. coli and 379 K. pneumoniae, were studied. All the strains were collected between January and July 2017 from eight general hospitals in South Korea. The species were identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry. Antimicrobial susceptibilities were determined by disk diffusion methods and ESBL phenotypes by double-disk synergy tests using disks containing cefotaxime, ceftazidime, cefepime, aztreonam, and clavulanic acid (CA). The genes for β-lactamases were identified by PCR and sequencing. RESULTS: Of total microbes, 31.6% (303/959) E. coli and 24.0% (91/379) K. pneumoniae were resistant to cefotaxime and 28.1% (269/959) E. coli and 20.1% (76/379) K. pneumoniae were CTX-M-type ESBL producers. Among the detected CTX-M ESBLs, 58.0% (156/269) in E. coli and 86.8% (66/76) in K. pneumoniae belonged to group 1, 46.8% (126/269) in E. coli and 14.5% (11/76) in K. pneumoniae were group 9. Ten E. coli and one K. pneumoniae isolates co-produced both groups of CTX-M ESBL. The group 1 CTX-M producers had a higher level of resistance to cefotaxime, ceftazidime, cefepime, and aztreonam and exhibited stronger synergistic activities when combined with CA compared to group 9. CONCLUSION: ESBL phenotypes differ by CTX-M ESBL group and phenotype testing with drugs including 4th generation cephalosporins and monobactams is critical for screening CTX-M-producers with better sensitivity.


Subject(s)
Aztreonam , Cefotaxime , Ceftazidime , Cephalosporins , Clavulanic Acid , Diffusion , Escherichia coli , Hospitals, General , Klebsiella pneumoniae , Korea , Mass Screening , Mass Spectrometry , Monobactams , Phenotype , Pneumonia , Polymerase Chain Reaction
20.
Article in Korean | WPRIM | ID: wpr-762289

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Salmonella is an important pathogen that causes gastroenteritis and sepsis in humans. Recently, changes in serotype prevalence and an increase in antimicrobial resistance have been reported. This study investigated the distribution of Salmonella serotypes and determined the antimicrobial susceptibility of various strains. METHODS: We collected 113 Salmonella isolates other than Salmonella serotype Typhi from 18 university hospitals in 2015. The serotypes were identified by Salmonella antisera O and H according to the Kauffman White scheme. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests for 12 antibiotics were performed using the disk diffusion method or E-test. RESULTS: We identified 22 serotypes. Serotype group B (44.2%) was the most common, followed by groups C (34.5%) and D (21.2%). Salmonella I 4,[5],12:i:- (23.0%), S. Enteritidis (16.8%), and S. Typhimurium (12.4%) were the most common species. Resistance rates for ampicillin, chloramphenicol, ceftriaxone, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole were 46.9%, 18.5%, 8.8%, and 5.3%, respectively. The intermediate resistance rate to ciprofloxacin was 29.2%. Six isolates were extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producers, including 5 bla(CTX-M-15) and 1 bla(CTX-M-55). CONCLUSION: There have been changes in the serotype prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella in Korea, with a high prevalence of CTX-M 15-positive strains. Continuous monitoring of Salmonella serotypes and antimicrobial resistance is warranted.


Subject(s)
Humans , Ampicillin , Anti-Bacterial Agents , Ceftriaxone , Chloramphenicol , Ciprofloxacin , Diffusion , Gastroenteritis , Hospitals, University , Immune Sera , Korea , Methods , Prevalence , Salmonella , Sepsis , Serogroup , Serotyping
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