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OBJECTIVE@#To explore the clinical application value of serum light chain (sLC) in the diagnosis and therapeutic efficacy evaluation for multiple myeloma.@*METHODS@#46 patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma were selected as MM group and 50 healthy persons as control group. Rate scattering immunoturbidimetry was used to detect serum light chain and immunoglobulin (Ig) in two groups, serum protein electrophoresis was used to detect M protein by agarose gel. Then, the sensitivity and specificity of the two methods in MM diagnosis were analyzed and compared, and the significance of sLC detection in MM diagnosis were discussed. In addition, 15 MM patients after received conventional therapy were tracked, sLC levels in five different therapentic times were recorded, and the effect of sLC in efficacy evaluation of MM was analyzed.@*RESULTS@#There were 11 cases of IgA type, 15 cases of IgG type, 8 cases of light chain κ type, 8 cases of light chain λ type, 2 cases of IgD type, and 2 cases of non-secretion type. The sLC-κ, sLC-λ and their ratio (including light chain type and double clone type), IgA and IgG (except IgD type), as well as albumin, beta-globulin and gamma-globulin levels showed statistically significant differences (P＜0.05) compared with the control group. The sensitivity of serum protein electrophoresis, Ig quantification, sLC and its ratio in the diagnosis of multiple myeloma were 57%, 76% and 65%, and their specificity were 83%, 61% and 90%, respectively. After the second or third chemotherapy, the sLC-κ/λ ratio gradually approached the normal range as the disease reliefes, and the sLC-κ/λ ratio continued to be on or off the line at outliers or further away from the reference value as the disease progresses in MM patients with κ type or λ type.@*CONCLUSION@#sLC detection shows positive significance in early diagnosis of multiple myeloma, SLC monitoring can be used for the efficacy evaluation for treatment of MM patients.
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Humans , Immunoglobulin kappa-Chains , Immunoglobulin lambda-Chains , Multiple Myeloma , DiagnosisABSTRACT
Objective To explore the status of intracranial aneurysms screened by CTA among the population with family history of stroke.Methods 200 patients including 108 men and 92 women in our hospital were involved,who had a family history of stroke.Head CTA examination,physical examination and laboratory tests were performed.Results 200 male and female had no statistical significance in demographic characteristics,past medical history and physical testing (P＞0.05);in lifestyle,smoking and drinking prevalence among male were higher than female (P＜0.05),and drug-usage rate of female were higher than male (P＜0.05).27 cases (13.5 ￥)had intracranial aneurysms,including 13 male cases (12.03 ％) and 14 females cases(15.22 ％),and there was one occurred aneurysm rupture and subarachnoid hemorrhage,the prevalence rate of aneurysm rupture was 87％.The 27 intracranial aneurysms cases had 29 CPC aneurysms,with 2 cases had two aneurysms.The number of aneurysm diameter ＜3 mm were 7 (24.14％),3 7 mm diameter were 12 (41.38％),and ＞7 mm were 10 (34.48％).Classified by the morphology,there were 7 (24.14％) fusiform aneurysm,22 (75.86％) cystic,3 (10.34％) small drops of blood sample.Conclusion CTA is a noninvasive and effective method for intracranial aneurysm,can provide additional valuable diagnostic information particularly for emergency of aneurysm screening.
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Objective To observe the changes of subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) in diabetic patients with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) and clinically significant macular edema(CSME),and then investigate diabetic SFCT and the relationship of diabetic CT with diabetic retinopathy (DR).Methods The patients were divided into 2 groups according to clinical guidelines of DR in China in 2014,including NPDR CSME + group(21 eyes) and NPDR CSME-group(36 eyes).All patients were underwent best corrected visual acuity (BCVA),intraocular pressure,axial length,slit lamp microscope,indirect ophthalmoscope,EDI-OCT examination,and mean arterial blood pressure measurement.The differences of BCVA,central retinal thickness (CRT) and SFCT between NPDR CSME + group and NPDR CSME-group were studied as well by means of using SPSS 18.0 for data statistics.Results There was no significant difference in gender,age,eye axis and intraocular pressure between NPDR CSME + group and NPDR CSME-group (all P ＞ 0.05).There was significant difference in BCVA between the two groups (P =0.001).The mean SFCT were (328.24 ± 101.92) μm in the NPDR CSME + group and (235.31 ± 66.98) μm in the NPDR CSME-group,and the difference was statistically significant (t =4.156,P=0.000).And plotting changes in CRT against changes in SFCT in patients with CSME revealed a positive correlation(r =0.473,P =0.000).Conclusion SFCT in NPDR CSME + patient is thicker than that in NPDR CSME-patient.And plotting changes in CRT against changes in SFCT in patients with CSME reveals a positive correlation.
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Objective To investigate the infiltration of inflammatory cells and the pathogenesis of nasal polyps. Methods the nasal polyps were obtained from 42 patients undergoing nasal operations. The tissues from each patient were stained with HE and Toluidine Blue for eosiophils, lymphocyte, plasma cell and mast cell and observed under the light microscope. A mean number of the above cells were counted. All data were analyzed with the Ttest. Results Eosinophils were found predominantly in 12 polyps(28.57％). Lymphocyte infiltration was shown in the other 30 polyps (71.43％). Furthermore, many mast cells with only a few eosinophils were found in the lymphocyte infiltration polyps; the number of mast cells in these polyps were much more than those in eosinophil accumulation polyps with a very significant difference(P＜0.01). Conclusion The accumulation of eosinophils in the nasal polyps does not appear to be related to the presence of mast cells and allergy. The disorder of immunity may play an important role in the formation of nasal polyps.