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Objective:To analyze the hotspots and trends of global researches in the field of hepatitis B from 2016 to 2021.Methods:Based on the Web of Science Core Collection Database, the indexed "article" and "review" related to hepatitis B from January 1, 2016 to November 22, 2021 were collected. Using InCites and VOSviewer 1.6.8 to cluster the published features, highly cited papers, key research directions and subject headings.And combined with the specific content of the literature, a summary of research hotspots was formed and analyzed.Results:As of November 22, 2021, a total of 12 299 articles were retrieved. From 2016 to 2021, the numbers of global hepatitis B-related research publications were 2 045, 1 996, 2 039, 2 118, 2 186 and 1 915, respectively. China′s mainland published the most papers (4 422 pieces, 35.95%), with the average citation frequency of only 7.46, and the United States ranked second in terms of the number of papers published (1 949 pieces, 15.85%), with the average citation frequency of 13.78. The hotspots obtained after the clustering of keyword topics were hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, coinfections of HBV and hepatitis C virus/human immunodeficiency virus, primary hepatocellular carcinoma, antiviral therapy and hepatitis B cure, HBV virology, HBV and immunology, HBV reactivation, HBV vaccine, etc.Conclusions:In the past six years, global researches in the field of hepatitis B have focused on hepatitis B epidemiology and management, prediction and prevention of hepatitis B-related liver cancer, hepatitis B cure and treatment optimization, HBV virology and host immune mechanism in the development of hepatitis B, etc.The number of published papers in the field of hepatitis B keeps relatively stable. The number of researches in China′s mainland is at the international leading level, but the influence of researches needs to be further improved.
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Objective To identify the differentially expressed proteins in different liver tissues in the mouse model of alveolar echinococcosis using high-resolution mass spectrometry with data independent acquisition (DIA), and to identify the key proteins contributing to the pathogenesis of alveolar echinococcosis. Methods Protoscoleces were isolated from Microtus fuscus with alveolar echinococcosis and the experimental model of alveolar echinococcosis was established in female Kunming mice aged 6 to 8 weeks by infection with Echinococcus multilocularis protoscoleces. Mice were divided into the experimental and control groups, and animals in the experimental group was injected with approximately 3 000 protoscoleces, while mice in the control group were injected with the same volume of physiological saline. Mouse liver specimens were sampled from both groups one year post-infection and subjected to pathological examinations. In addition, the lesions (the lesion group) and peri-lesion specimens (the peri-lesion group) were sampled from the liver of mice in the experimental group and the normal liver specimens (the normal group) were sampled from mice in the control group for DIA proteomics analysis, and the differentially expressed proteins were subjected to bioinformatics analysis. Results A total of 1 020 differentially expressed proteins were identified between the lesion group and the normal group, including 671 up-regulated proteins and 349 down-regulated proteins, and 495 differentially expressed proteins were identified between the peri-lesion group and the normal group, including 327 up-regulated proteins and 168 down-regulated proteins. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis revealed that these differentially expressed proteins were involved in peroxisome, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) and fatty acid degradation pathways, and the peroxisome and PPAR signaling pathways were found to correlate with liver injury. Several differentially expressed proteins that may contribute to the pathogenesis of alveolar echinococcosis were identified in these two pathways, including fatty acid binding protein 1 (Fabp1), Acyl-CoA synthetase long chain family member 1 (Acsl1), Acyl-CoA oxidase 1 (Acox1), Enoyl-CoA hydratase and 3-hydroxyacyl CoA dehydrogenase (Ehhadh) and Acetyl-Coenzyme A acyltransferase 1B (Acaa1b), which were down-regulated in mice in the experimental group. Conclusion A large number of differentially expressed proteins are identified in the liver of the mouse model of alveolar echinococcosis, and Fabp1, Acsl1, Acox1, Ehhadh and Acaa1b may contribute to the pathogenesis of alveolar echinococcosis.
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Objective To identify the differentially expressed proteins in different liver tissues in the mouse model of cystic echinococcosis (CE), so as to provide insights into the research and development of therapeutic drugs targeting CE. Methods Female Kunming mice at ages of 6 to 8 weeks were randomly assigned into the CE group and the control group. Mice in the CE group were intraperitoneally infected with 2 000 Echinococcus multilocularis protoscoleces, while mice in the control group were injected with the same volume of physiological saline. All mice in both groups were sacrificed after breeding for 350 d, and the lesions (the lesion group) and peri-lesion specimens (the peri-lesion group) were sampled from the liver of mice in the CE group and the normal liver specimens (the normal group) were sampled from mice in the control group for data independent acquisition (DIA) proteomics analysis, and the differentially expressed proteins were subjected to Gene Ontology (GO) term enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis. Results A total of 26 differentially expressed proteins were identified between the lesion group and the normal group and between the peri-lesion group and the normal group, including 8 up-regulated proteins and 18 down-regulated proteins. GO term enrichment analysis showed that these differentially expressed proteins were predominantly enriched in endoplasmic reticulum membrane (biological components), oxidoreductase activity (molecular function) and oxoacid metabolic process and monocarboxylic acid metabolic process (biological processes). KEGG pathway enrichment analysis revealed that the differentially expressed protein Acyl-CoA oxidase 1 (Acox1), which contributed to primary bile acid biosynthesis during the fatty acid oxidation, was involved in peroxisome signaling pathway, and the differentially expressed protein fatty acid binding protein 1 (Fabp1), which contributed to fatty acid transport, was involved in the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) signaling pathway. Conclusion Differentially expressed proteins are identified in the liver specimens between mouse models of CE and normal mice, and some differentially expressed proteins may serve as potential drug targets for CE.
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Ischemic heart diseases are one of the major causes of death worldwide. Effective restoration of blood flow can significantly improve patients’ quality of life and reduce mortality. However, reperfusion injury cannot be ignored. Flavonoids possess well-established antioxidant properties; They also have other benefits that may be relevant for ameliorating myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI). In this review, we focus on flavonoids with cardiovascular-protection function and emphasize their pharmacological effects. The main mechanisms of flavonoid pharmacological activities against MIRI involve the following aspects: a) antioxidant, b) anti-inflammatory, c) anti-platelet aggregation, d) anti-apoptosis, and e) myocardial-function regulation activities. We also summarized the effectiveness of flavonoids for MIRI.
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Moringa oleifera is a typical tropical multi-functional fast-growing tree species， which is native to India and now widely planted in various tropical regions. After some research and textual research， the records of M. oleifera in China can be traced back to the The Bower Manuscript（volume Ⅱ）（about the 4th—6th century A.D.） unearthed in Kuqa， Xinjiang. M. oleifera contains a variety of active ingredients such as flavonoids， alkaloids， glycosides， organic esters and rich nutrients， which has outstanding medicinal and economic value. As a result， M. oleifera is widely used in food additives， water purification agents， medicine and health care and other fields. In 2012， the Ministry of Health approved M. oleifera as a new resource food. In the current trend of medicine diet and health preservation of traditional Chinese medicine， M. oleifera stands out， which not only expands the direction for the development of health products， but also enriches the development demand of traditional Chinese medicine in our country. However， in our country， the research on M. oleifera is mainly focused on the extraction of chemical components， analysis of nutritional components， consumption and content determination， and the research on its composition and pharmacological action is one-sided. For this purpose， this paper briefly reviewed the active components， hypoglycemic and treatment of diabetic complications， hypolipidemic， antioxidant， anti-inflammatory and applied research status of M. oleifera， and looked forward to the future development and utilization of M. oleifera leaves in China.
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Objective:To investigate the characteristics of skin diseases in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI). Methods:From January, 2012 to December, 2016, all the inpatients with SCI were collected through hospital information system, in which, the patients with skin problems referred to the dermatologists were screened. Their general demographic characteristics, the time of skin onset since SCI, segment of SCI, level of SCI, the distribution of skin lesion, and the dermatological diagnosis were all recorded. The number of skin diseases in each SCI patient was counted. Results:A total of 3152 inpatients with SCI were included, out of whom, 554 patients were referred to the dermatologists, and 785 person-times dermatological conditions were diagnosed. Among the 554 patients, the consultation rate of male patients was significantly higher than females (χ2 = 13.284, P < 0.001); the consultation rate of aged 18~35 years and aged 36~50 years groups was higher than aged less than 18 years and aged more than 35 years groups (χ2 = 15.994, P < 0.01); the appearence of the skin lesions within six months post-SCI was significantly higher than more than six months post-SCI (χ2 = 123.725, P < 0.001); the consultation rate of patients with cervical SCI was higher than those with thoracic and lumbosacral SCI (χ2 = 10.482, P < 0.01), and the consultation rate of tetraplegic patients was higher than paraplegia patients (χ2 = 9.172, P < 0.01). A total of 385 patients suffered one dermatological condition, while 169 patients suffered two or more dermatological conditions. Among them, men (χ2 = 6.108, P < 0.05), patients with cervical SCI (χ2 = 8.592, P < 0.05) and tetraplegic patients (χ2 = 8.592, P < 0.05) were more likely to suffer two or more dermatological conditions. Allergic (252 cases), infectious (186 cases) and sebaceous gland related (169 cases) skin diseases were the most common skin problems. Conclusion:Male, cervical SCI and tetraplegic patients are more likely to suffer two or more skin diseases. It is necessary to strengthen the prevention of skin diseases common in SCI patients.
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Osteoporosis is one of the common clinical orthopedic diseases, which can lead to a variety of complications. There are many pathogenic factors in this disease. The latest research found that ATP6V1H is a new gene leading to the occurrence of osteoporosis, and it is likely to become a new target for the future drug treatment of osteoporosis.This paper introduces the biological structure and characteristics of H subunit, summed up the human body caused by loss of ATP6V1H and animal models such as zebrafish, mice bone loss and osteoporosis symptom such as related research reports of the loss, from osteoclast, osteoblast and marrow stromal cell level and the connection between the various subunits further expounds the H subunit regulate bone dynamic balance of mechanism, to explore ATP6V1H in bone developmentand bone related diseases has laid a solid foundation, also provide new ideas for clinical treatment of osteoporosis.
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Animals , Mice , Bone and Bones , Osteoblasts , Osteoclasts , Osteoporosis/genetics , ZebrafishABSTRACT
The feasibility and prospect of viral tracers and mediating functional components are explored in study on brain effect of acupuncture. In the paper, proceeding with viral tracers, the viral tracers used to analyze the structure of specific neural circuits are introduced, as well as their mediated probes, optical/chemical genetics techniques, Cre-LoxP systems, etc. The viral tracers and their functional components can not only mark specifically nerve cells or neural circuits, but also interfere with the function of specific types of neurons or nuclei. They solve some disadvantage of traditional nerve tracing method that only describes the morphology of neurons of one brain region and the simple projection among brain regions, and the indirect and non-specific absorption. The viral tracers and their functional components play the important approach to decoding the mechanism on brain effect of acupuncture when introduced in experimental acupuncture so as to provide an in vivo, real-time and intuitive novel method for a further analysis of neurobiological mechanism on brain effect of acupuncture.
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Acupuncture Therapy , Brain , NeuronsABSTRACT
Objective:To make a new simple respirator and observe the oxygen therapy effect of the respirator on patients with severe and critical coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).Methods:Based on the infectivity and hospital requirements of COVID-19, a new simple respirator was designed by the medical staff of the Department of Anesthesiology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, which was applied on the 22 patients with severe and critical COVID-19 who needed oxygen therapy admitted to the Cancer Center of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology from February 15th to March 15th in 2020. The new simple respirator contained two National Utility Model Patents (a respirator: ZL 2015 2 0410623.6, a fluid switch and oxygen suction device: ZL 2017 2 0873509.6), which was mainly composed of anesthesia mask and filter, L-shaped connecting tube, soft breathing bladder, connecting tube and elastic fixing belt. When in use, the anesthesia mask was fixed to the patient's mouth and nose with elastic straps, the connecting tube was inserted into the oxygen meter interface, the oxygen flow was adjusted to 6-10 L/min, and the L-shaped connecting tube was opened immediately after the soft breathing bag was full. The carbon dioxide and excess oxygen in the body was discharged from exhaust port. The oxygen flow was lowered to 2-3 L/min, the patient's respiratory rate (RR) was observed through the soft breathing bag fluctuations, and the oxygen flow was adjusted at any time. The changes of pulse oxygen saturation (SpO 2), RR and heart rate (HR) before and after application of new simple respirator were observed, and the blood gas test results of part of the patients were collected. Results:Twenty-two patients with severe and critical COVID-19 had significantly higher SpO 2 at 10 minutes after application of the new simple ventilator than before application (0.994±0.007 vs. 0.952±0.017, P < 0.01), and RR was significantly lower than that before application (times/min: 27.59±3.63 vs. 29.64±3.81, P < 0.01); after 1 day of application, each index was further improved. All 13 patients who received blood gas analysis indicated no carbon dioxide accumulation. Conclusions:The new simple respirator can significantly improve the oxygen therapy effect of patients with severe and critical COVID-19. At the same time, 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) can be filtered through the filter to reduce the formation of aerosol and protect the medical staff and patients.
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Objective:To introduce the construction of Henan Cerebral Palsy Register and Rehabilitation Management System (HCPRRMS) and to explore the construction project of regional register and surveillance of cerebral palsy. Methods:The construction process, registration content and preliminary results of HCPRRMS were systematically introduced. Results:HCPRRMS was independent developed in 2014. Since March, 2015, the system has been used to register information of patients with cerebral palsy in the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University. Until September, 2019, a total of 23 child rehabilitation institutions had used the registration management system. There were 1357 patients with cerebral palsy registered in this system, in which 936 cases (68.98%) were male, 501 cases (36.92%) were with gestational weeks < 37, 443 cases (32.65%) were with birth weight < 2500 g, and 430 cases (31.69%) were born with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. Among them, the spastic cerebral palsy patients (1117 cases, 86.74%) accounted for the highest proportion. There was significant difference among types of cerebral palsy and the classification of GMFCS. A total of 1117 patients with cerebral palsy showed MRI-identified brain abnormalities, in which, periventricular leukomalacia accounted for the most (480 cases). For the complications, epilepsy accounted for 14.44% (196 cases), vision impairment accounted for 8.03% (109 cases), hearing impairment accounted for 11.64% (158 cases). Among 769 cases aged more than two years, language-speech dysfunction accounted for 52.66% (424 cases); and among 216 cases aged more than four years, mental retardation accounted for 37.96% (82 cases). Conclusion:HCPRRMS could help to understand the risk factors, clinical characteristics, and complications of cerebral palsy.
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OBJECTIVE@#To observe the expression of GABA receptor mRNA in different brain regions of the central nervous system in chronic inflammatory pain rats and the intervention effect of electroacupuncture (EA).@*METHODS@#A total of 48 SPF male SD rats were randomly divided into a blank control group, a model control group, an EA group and a sham EA group, 12 rats in each group. The model of chronic inflammatory pain was established by injecting Freund's complete adjuvant into the foot. The EA group was treated with EA 28 days after the model establishment. The "Housanli" (ST 36) and "Kunlun" (BL 60) were selected and treated with dilatational wave, 2 Hz/100 Hz in frequency, 0.5-1.5 mA for 30 min; EA was given only once. In the sham EA group, the same acupoints were selected but the needles were only inserted into subcutaneous area; EA was connected for 30 min without electrical stimulation. The behavior changes of mechanical pain threshold and thermal pain threshold before model establishment, 1 day, 3 days, 7 days, 14 days, 21 days and 28 days after the model establishment as well as emotional behavior 29 days after the model establishment were observed; the relative expressions of GABA receptor mRNA in anterior cingulate cortex, amygdala and hypothalamus were observed.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the blank control group, the change rates of mechanical pain threshold and thermal pain threshold in the model control group were decreased significantly 1 day, 3 days, 7 days, 14 days, 21 days, 28 days after model establishment (0.05). Compared with the blank control group, the expression of GABA receptor mRNA in the amygdala was decreased significantly in the model control group (<0.01); compared with the model control group and the sham EA group, the expression of GABA receptor mRNA in amygdala was increased after intervention in the EA group (<0.01).@*CONCLUSION@#Single treatment of EA could significantly increase the mechanical pain threshold and thermal pain threshold, improve abnormal emotional behavior in rats with chronic inflammatory pain, which may be related to the increasing of expression of GABA receptor mRNA in the amygdala.
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@#【Objective】To explore the role of lncRNA Xist in proliferation and migration of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells（BMSC）and its possible mechanism.【Methods】BMSC were isolated，cultured and identified from the femur and tibia of 3 weeks old SD female rats in vitro. SiRNAs was designed and screened to acquire a high silencing efficiency siRNA. Lipo2000 was used to transfected si- Xist and si- NC into BMSC of the experimental group（si- Xist group）and the control group（si-NC group）. BMSC proliferation capacity was determined by CCK-8 assay. The transverse and longitudinal mobility of BMSC were measured by wound healing assay and transwell migration assays. QPCR was performed to verify the silencing efficiency of lncRNA Xist and detect the expression levels of SDF- 1 and CXCR4 mRNA. Western blot was used to quantify the expression of CXCR4 protein.【Results】The P3 generation BMSC shows shuttle- like or whirlpool-like，and flow cytometry showed CD11b（-），CD34（-），CD45（-），CD44（+），CD90（+），CD105（+）. When siRNAs were used to interfere with the expression of lncRNA Xist in BMSC ，the silencing efficiency of three siRNAs was 67.92% ，68.72% and 98.32% ，respectively. CCK- 8 assay showed that the OD450 value of si- Xist group decreased compared with si-NC group at 24 h and 48 h（P < 0.001，P < 0.01，respectively）and had no statistical difference at 12 h（P > 0.05）. Wound healing assay showed that the wound healing percentage of si-Xist group was lower than that of si-NC group（P < 0.05）；and the transwell migration assay showed that，compared with si- NC group，the cells that migrated through the polycarbonate membrane were obviously decreased at 6 h（P < 0.001）. QPCR experiment showed that CXCR4 expression in si-Xist group was lower than that in si-NC group at mRNA level（P < 0.05），while SDF-1 expression showed no significant statistical difference（P > 0.05）. Western blotting confirmed that CXCR4 expression in si- Xist group was lower than that in si-NC group（P < 0.05）.【Conclusions】LncRNA Xist promotes proliferation and migration of rat BMSC by regulating CXCR4 expression.
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OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of bone-edge electroacupuncture (EA) intervention on mechanical pain threshold (PT) and expression of G protein-coupled receptor kinase (GRK5), β-arrestin 2, total and phosphorylated PKC alpha (p-PKCα) proteins in the locus coeruleus (LC) of rats with bone cancer pain induced morphine tolerance, so as to reveal its partial central mechanisms underlying pain relief. METHODS: Forty SD rats were randomly divided into 5 groups, namely sham bone cancer, bone cancer pain, morphine tolerance, bone-edge EA, and sham EA (n＝ 8 rats in each group). The bone cancer with morphine tolerance model was established by intramedullary injection of MRMT-1 cells into the tibial cavity, and then intraperitoneal injection of morphine hydrochloride injection. After successful establishment of morphine tolerance model, the bone-edge EA (2 Hz/100 Hz，0.5－1.5 mA) was applied to bilateral "Zusanli" (ST36) and "Kunlun" (BL60) for 30 min, once a day for 7 days, after inserting the needle-tip to the tibial bone surface. The ipsilateral mechanical paw withdrawal thresholds (PWTs) were detected dynamically. The expression levels of GRK5, β-arrestin 2, PKCα and p-PKCα in the LC area were measured by Western blot. RESULTS: The PWTs of bone cancer pain rats were decreased on day 10 after inoculation of cancer cells (P0.05). The PWTs were significantly increased in the bone-edge EA intervention group (P0.05). In comparison with the sham bone cancer group, the expression of GRK5 protein in morphine tolerance group was significantly decreased (P<0.01); compared with morphine tolerance group, the expression of GRK5 protein in bone-edge EA group was increased(P<0.01). In comparison with the sham bone cancer group, the expression of β-arrestin 2 and p-PKCα in bone cancer group significantly increased (P<0.01). After the intervention, the increased β-arrestin 2 and p-PKCα expressions were reversed in the bone-edge EA group (P<0.01); compared with morphine tolerance group and sham EA group, the expression of PKCα protein was decreased(P<0.01). CONCLUSION: Bone-edge EA can effectively relieve morphine tolerance in bone cancer pain rats, which may be related to its functions in up-regulating GRK5 protein and down-regulating β-arrestin 2, PKCα and p-PKCα proteins in LC. .
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BACKGROUND@#Takayasu arteritis-induced renal arteritis (TARA), commonly seen in Takayasu arteritis (TA), has become one of the main causes of poor prognosis and early mortality in patients with TA. TARA progressing into Takayasu arteritis-induced renal artery stenosis (TARAS), could lead to severe complications including malignant hypertension, cardiac-cerebral vascular disease, and ischemic nephropathy. Since there existed no guidelines on treatments, this study aimed to review the comprehensive treatments for TARA.@*METHODS@#We searched systematically in databases including PubMed, Ovid-Medline, EMBASE, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, and SinoMed, from inception to May 2018. Literature selection, data extraction, and statistical analysis were performed.@*RESULTS@#Eighty-two literatures were recruited focusing on medical treatments (n = 34) and surgical treatments (n = 48). We found that combined medical treatments of glucocorticoids and conventional synthetic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs could reach high rates of remission in patients with TARA, and biological disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs were preferred for refractory patients. After remission induction, surgical treatment could help reconstruct renal artery and recover renal function partly. Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty was the first choice for patients with TARAS, while open surgery showed a good long-term survival.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Patients with TARA should benefit both from medical treatments and from surgical treatments comprehensively and sequentially. Multidisciplinary team coordination is recommended especially in patients with severe complications.
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OBJECTIVE@#To observe the effect of early intervention of bone-nearby acupuncture (BNA) combined with electroacupuncture (EA) on the expression of histone deacetylase1(HDAC1), histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2) andμ-opioid recepter (MOR) in dorsal root ganglia (DRG) of bone cancer pain-morphine tolerance (BCP-MT) rats, and to explore its possible mechanism.@*METHODS@#A total of 35 SD rats were randomized into a sham BCP group (=6), a BCP group (=7), a MT group (=7), a BNA+EA group (=8) and a shame BNA group (=7). Except of the sham BCP group, cancer cell inoculation operation at left tibia was given in the other 4 groups to establish the bone cancer pain model. In the MT group, the BNA+EA group and the shame BNA group, intraperitoneal injection of morphine hydrochloride was given to establish the morphine tolerance model. After the operation, bone-nearby acupuncture combined with electroacupuncture was applied at "Zusanli" (ST 36) and "Kunlun" (BL 60) in the BNA+EA group, with dilatational wave, 2 Hz/100 Hz in frequency, 0.5 to 1.5 mA in intensity. Intervention in the shame BNA group was applied at the same time and acupoints as those in the BNA+EA group, the needles were pierced the skin without any electrical stimulation. The needles were retained for 30 min, once a day for continuous 7 days in both BNA+EA and shame BNA groups. Before and 10, 11, 15, 22 days after the operation, the left paw withdrawal threshold (PWT) was measured in the 5 groups. The levels of HDAC1, HDAC2 and MOR in DRG were detected by Western blot.@*RESULTS@#Ten days after the cancer cell inoculation operation, the PWT of the BCP, MT, BNA+EA and sham BNA groups was decreased compared with the sham BCP group (0.05); the PWT of the BNA+EA group was increased compared with the MT and sham BNA group (<0.01). In the BCP group, the DRG levels of HDAC1 and HDCA2 were increased, while the level of MOR was decreased compared with the sham BCP group (<0.05, <0.01). In the MT group, the DRG level of HDAC1 was increased compared with the BCP group (<0.05). In the BNA+EA group, the DRG level of HDAC1 was decreased compared with the MT group and the sham BNA group (<0.01, <0.05), while the level of MOR was increased (<0.01).@*CONCLUSION@#Early intervention of bone-nearby acupuncture combined with electroacupuncture can relieve the morphine tolerance in bone cancer pain rats, it may relate to down-regulating the expression of HDAC1 and up-regulating the expression of MOR in the dorsal root ganglia.
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Animals , Rats , Acupuncture Points , Bone Neoplasms , Cancer Pain , Therapeutics , Drug Tolerance , Electroacupuncture , Ganglia, Spinal , Metabolism , Histone Deacetylases , Metabolism , Morphine , Random Allocation , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Receptors, Opioid, mu , MetabolismABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To observe the incidence of malnutrition and nutritional risk in children with pneumonia on mechanical ventilation in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU), and to explore the nutritional support effect of short-peptide enteral nutrition formula.@*METHODS@#A total of 68 children with severe pneumonia who were hospitalized in the PICU from October 2017 to October 2018 and required mechanical ventilation were enrolled for a prospective randomized controlled study. The children were randomly divided into a control group and an experimental group. Through the nasogastric feeding tube, the experimental group received the short-peptide enteral nutrition formula, and the control group received the intact-protein enteral nutrition formula. The weight-for-age Z score, STRONGkids nutritional risk score, and pediatric critical illness score of the two groups were evaluated. The serum levels of total protein, albumin, and prealbumin (PA) on admission and before discharge were measured. The gastrointestinal tolerance and clinical outcome indicators of the two groups were observed.@*RESULTS@#Among the 68 mechanically ventilated children, 26 (38%) had malnutrition, including moderate malnutrition (10 cases, 15%) and severe malnutrition (16 cases, 24%); 10 cases (15%) had malnutrition at discharge. Sixty-three children (93%) had nutritional risk, including moderate nutritional risk in 21 cases and high nutritional risk in 42 cases. The moderate and high nutritional risk rates of the critical and extreme critical groups were significantly higher than those of the non-critical group (P0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#The detection rates of malnutrition and nutritional risk in children with pneumonia on mechanical ventilation are relatively high. Short-peptide enteral nutrition formula can help improve their treatment outcome and are more suitable for nutritional support in critically ill children on mechanical ventilation.
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Child , Humans , Critical Illness , Enteral Nutrition , Peptides , Prospective Studies , Respiration, ArtificialABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the nutritional status of children with cerebral palsy (CP) and the clinical effectiveness of Subjective Global Nutritional Assessment (SGNA) in nutritional assessment of hospitalized children with CP.@*METHODS@#A total of 208 children with CP, aged 1-5 years, who were hospitalized from April to October 2019 were enrolled as subjects. SGNA was used to investigate nutritional status, and the Z-score method recommended by the World Health Organization was used as a reference standard to validate the clinical effectiveness of SGNA.@*RESULTS@#The detection rate of malnutrition in children with CP was 42.3% by SGNA and 39.4% by the Z-score method (P>0.05). The application of SGNA showed high consistency between different evaluators (κ=0.621, P<0.001). With the Z-score method as the reference standard, SGNA had a sensitivity of 80.5%, a specificity of 82.5%, a positive predictive value of 75.0%, and a negative predictive value of 86.7%, and high consistency was observed between the two evaluation methods (κ=0.622, P<0.001). SGNA was moderately consistent with weight-for-age Z-score and height-for-age Z-score (κ=0.495 and 0.478 respectively, P<0.001) and was poorly consistent with weight-for-height Z-score (κ=0.197, P<0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#There is a relatively high incidence rate of malnutrition in children with CP. SGNA can be used as a tool to assess the nutritional status of children with CP.
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Child , Child, Preschool , Humans , Infant , Cerebral Palsy , Child, Hospitalized , Malnutrition , Nutrition Assessment , Nutritional Status , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
A clear shoulder platform that can be easily identified by doctors and technicians or machines (mouth scan and warehouse scan) is important to obtaining a good long-term and stable fixed prosthesis treatment effect. At present, the pre-paration of the shoulder platform is usually based on free hands, and the practical operation is mainly guided by experience. Moreover, no comprehensive and objective preoperative design, intraoperative verification, and final test are available. Thus, the accuracy of shoulder platform preparation needs to be improved. In this study, the clinical pathway of "three determination, three selection, and three steps" with high accuracy of preparation and the precise shoulder preparation method of "bur-tip guidance" are proposed in detail.
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Critical Pathways , Shoulder , Tooth , Tooth Preparation , Tooth Preparation, ProsthodonticABSTRACT
Integrated pharmacological approach was used to predict the target genes and signal pathways of Xiaoer Fupi granules in the treatment of functional dyspepsia(FD), and the possible mechanism was discussed. The disease target information was collected by the DISEASES and UniProt databases, integrated pharmacological platform of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM-IP) was used to predict chemical composition, target, protein gene ontology(GO) function and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes(KEGG) pathway, and the networks of candidate target and TCMs-chemical components-core targets-key pathways were constructed. A total of 2 882 potential targets and 96 candidate target pathways were predicted, and β-1,4-galactosyltransferase(β-1,4-GalT) subtypes(B4GALT4, B4GALT2, B4GALT1) and phosphorylated protein kinase C subtype D(PRKCD), adenylate cyclase 2(ADCY2) and other targets were predicted. Some pathways were enriched, such as nervous system, endocrine system, thyroid hormone signaling pathway, long-term depression and other pathways related to FD. It was predicted that Xiaoer Fupi granules for treating FD by regulating gastrointestinal hormones, anti-depression, and regulating nerves and endocrine system. This study provides a basis for the precise clinical application and positioning of Xiaoer Fupi granules, and helps to clarify the mechanism of this drug.
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Objective@#To retrospectively analyze the distribution of non-fermentative bacteria causing bloodstream infection in hospitalized patients in Sichuan Province and their drug susceptibility to common antibiotics for better understanding their epidemiological characteristics.@*Methods@#From January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2017, all of the non-fermentative bacteria isolated from patients with bloodstream infection in nine hospitals in Sichuan Province were collected. Species distribution and drug resistance test results were retrospectively analyzed.@*Results@#A total of 6 291 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated, including 3 674 strains of gram-negative bacteria (58.4%) and 2 617 strains of gram-positive bacteria (41.6%). The gram-positive bacteria were 1 895 strains of Staphylococcus (30.1%), 372 strains of Streptococcus (5.9%), 317 strains of Enterococcus (5.1%) and 33 strains of other gram-positive bacteria (0.5%). The gram-negative bacteria were 3 191 Enterobacteriaceae strains (50.7%), 389 non-fermentative strains (6.2%) and 94 other gram-negative strains (1.5%). The isolated non-fermentative bacteria were mainly Pseudomonas aeruginosa (136 strains, 35.0%), Acinetobacter baumannii (126 strains, 32.0%) and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (33 strains, 8.5%). There were 167 (42.9%), 112 (28.8%) and 82 (21.1%) non-fermentative bacteria isolated in internal medicine departments, ICUs and surgery departments, respectively. The drug resistance rates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to cefepime, ciprofloxacin and gentamicin were 16.5%, 10.7% and 9.9%, respectively. Carbapenems-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CR-PA) accounted for 13.6%. No polymyxin-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa was found. The resistance rates of Acinetobacter baumannii to all antibiotics were over 30% except for minocycline and polymyxin and 75.7% of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CR-AB) were isolated. The drug resistance rates to levofloxacin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and ceftazidime were 0%, 0% and 37.0% in Stenotrophomonas maltophilia isolates and 10.5%, 4.2% and 19% in Burkholderia cepacia isolates, respectively.@*Conclusions@#Non-fermentative bacteria causing 6.2% of bloodstream infection in Sichuan, mainly by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii. There were significant differences in the isolation rate of non-fermentative bacteria in different departments and most of the strains were isolated in internal medicine departments. The detection rate of Acinetobacter baumannii with multiple drug resistance was high, while other non-fermentative bacteria had good sensitivity to antibiotics.