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2.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-878372

ABSTRACT

Objective@#To study the polymorphism in P66 and its human B-cell epitopes of @*Methods@#Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing were used to obtain the P66 sequences of 59 Chinese @*Results@#Results showed that genetic and amino acid diversity presented in the 66 kD protein of all 59 Chinese strains, especially in @*Conclusion@#In P66 of 59 Chinese strains, polymorphisms were widely distributed. More importantly, the P66 amino acid sequences of


Subject(s)
Humans , Bacterial Proteins/genetics , Borrelia burgdorferi/genetics , China , Cluster Analysis , Epitopes, B-Lymphocyte/genetics , Genetic Markers , Genotype , Mutation , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Polymorphism, Genetic , Porins/genetics
3.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-773387

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE@#This study aimed to characterize the diagnostic and vaccine potential of a novel Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigen Rv0674.@*METHODS@#To evaluate the diagnostic potential and antigenicity of Rv0674, IgG was evaluated using ELISA and interferon (IFN)-γ was done by using ELISpot assay among TB patients and healthy donors. For immunogenicity evaluation, BALB/c mice were immunized with Rv0674. Cytokine production was determined by cytokine release assay using an ELISA kit, and the antibodies were tested using ELISA.@*RESULTS@#The results of serum Elisa tests showed that Rv0674 specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) response was higher in TB patients than negative controls. And Rv0674 had good performance in serological test with sensitivity and specificity of 77.1% and 81.1%, respectively. While it shows poor sensitivity and specificity of 26.23% and 79.69% for IFN-γ tests. In BALB/c mice, Rv0674 adjuvant by DDA/Poly I:C could also induce a high level of IFN-γ, interleukin-2 and interleukin-6 as well as a high IgG titer in both high- and low-dose groups indicating that Rv0674 is essential in humoral and cellular immunity. Moreover, the cytokine profile and IgG isotype characterized Rv0674 as a Th1/Th2-mixed-type protective immunity with the predominance of Th1 cytokines.@*CONCLUSION@#Rv0674 may be a good potential candidate for the development of TB serological diagnosis and a new TB vaccine.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Animals , Female , Humans , Male , Mice , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Antigens, Bacterial , Allergy and Immunology , Immunity, Cellular , Immunity, Humoral , Mice, Inbred BALB C , Tuberculosis , Diagnosis , Allergy and Immunology
4.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-773412

ABSTRACT

On December 14, 2017, a faculty member of a university in Hunan Province reported that an anthrax vaccine strain might have recovered virulence during an undergraduate experiment and potential exposure could not be ruled out for the students involved. Upon receiving the case report, the CDC, health bureaus, and local governments at the county, prefectural, and provincial levels promptly organized experts in different fields (including epidemiologists, biosafety experts, and laboratory testing experts) for case investigation, evaluation, and response. As the investigation results showed, no virulence recovery was identified in the involved anthrax vaccine strain; and no contamination of Bacillus anthracis was detected at the involved areas. Thus, the university returned to normal functioning.


Subject(s)
Humans , Anthrax Vaccines , Bacillus anthracis , Virulence , China , Containment of Biohazards , Laboratories , Virulence
5.
Chinese Journal of Zoonoses ; (12): 139-143,149, 2018.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-703082

ABSTRACT

In this study,we estimated the application value of detecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) specific IgG/IgM antibodies for tuberculosis diagnosis with colloidal gold immunochromatography assay (GICA).We collected 332 effective serum samples and their background information,including 260 patients with tuberculosis and 72 healthy individuals.The means of GICA was used to detect MTB specific IgG/IgM antibodies.Results were compared with the clinical diagnosis and the results of bacteriological tests.The SPSS 22.0 software was used to analyze the results,and when P<0.05 the difference was statistically significant.The sensitivity and specificity of GICA were 41.15% and 91.67%,and the sensitivity of the bacterial positive and negative patients were 51.38% and 33.77%,respectively.The positive rate of IgG/IgM antibodies detection with GICA (41.15%) was much higher than that of bacteria with acid-fast stain of sputum smear (18.84%) and sputum bacteria cultivation (36.15 %) (P < 0.05) respectively.The positive rate of the combination of tuberculosis antibody detection,sputum bacterial culture and sputum smear was 61.54%,higher than the result of single method or combination of two methods.The detection of specific antibodies against MTB in serum with GICA is sensitive,specific,rapid and convenient,which can be used in clinical screening.Meanwhile,there are still certain limitations of this method,and the sensitivity and specificity need to be improved.Therefore,the GICA can be used as an auxiliary diagnosis combined with sputum bacteriology,imaging test and clinical features rather than diagnose tuberculosis alone.

6.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-690635

ABSTRACT

A retrospective analysis was performed in two major HIV/AIDS referral hospitals in Beijing to evaluate the prevalence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) and non-tuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) infections in HIV-infected patients. A total of 627 patients' data were reviewed, and 102 (16.3%) patients were diagnosed with culture-confirmed mycobacterial infection, including 84 with MTB, 16 with NTM, and 2 with both MTB and NTM. The most frequent clinical complication by mycobacterial infection was pulmonary infection (48/102, 47.1%). The overall rates of multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) and extensively drug-resistant TB (XDR-TB) were 11.9% and 3.4%, respectively. This study underlines the urgent need to intensify screening for mycobacteria coinfection with HIV and to prevent the spread of drug-resistant TB among HIV-infected patients.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections , Epidemiology , Microbiology , Beijing , Coinfection , Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis , Epidemiology , Microbiology , HIV Infections , Epidemiology , Microbiology , Hospitals, Urban , Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous , Epidemiology , Microbiology , Mycobacterium tuberculosis , Nontuberculous Mycobacteria , Prevalence , Retrospective Studies , Sputum , Microbiology , Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant , Epidemiology , Microbiology , Tuberculosis, Pulmonary , Epidemiology , Microbiology
7.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-690658

ABSTRACT

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Macrolide susceptibility and drug resistance mechanisms of clinical non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) isolates were preliminarily investigated for more accurate diagnosis and treatment of the infection in China.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Four macrolides, including clarithromycin (CLAR), azithromycin (AZM), roxithromycin (ROX), and erythromycin (ERY), were used to test the drug susceptibility of 310 clinical NTM isolates from six provinces of China with the broth microdilution method. Two resistance mechanisms, 23S rRNA and erm, were analyzed with nucleotide sequence analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Varied effectiveness of macrolides and species-specific resistance patterns were observed. Most Mycobacterium abscessus subsp. massiliense were susceptible and all M. fortuitum were highly resistant to macrolides. All the drugs, except for erythromycin, exhibited excellent activities against slow-growing mycobacteria, and drug resistance rates were below 22.2%. Only four highly resistant strains harbored 2,058/2,059 substitutions on rrl and none of other mutations were related to macrolide resistance. G2191A and T2221C on rrl were specific for the M. abscessus complex (MABC). Seven sites, G2140A, G2210C, C2217G, T2238C, T2322C, T2404C, and A2406G, were specifically carried by M. avium and M. intracellulare. Three sites, A2192G, T2358G, and A2636G, were observed only in M. fortuitum and one site G2152A was specific for M. gordonae. The genes erm(39) and erm(41) were detected in M. fortuitum and M. abscessus and inducible resistance was observed in relevant sequevar.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The susceptibility profile of macrolides against NTM was demonstrated. The well-known macrolide resistance mechanisms, 23S rRNA and erm, failed to account for all resistant NTM isolates, and further studies are warranted to investigate macrolide resistance mechanisms in various NTM species.</p>


Subject(s)
Humans , Anti-Bacterial Agents , Pharmacology , Bacterial Proteins , Genetics , Metabolism , China , Drug Resistance, Bacterial , Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial , Macrolides , Pharmacology , Mycobacterium , Genetics , Polymorphism, Genetic
8.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-311386

ABSTRACT

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>In this study, milk from a cow with mastitis was analyzed to determine the presence of mycobacterial infection. Milk quality and security problems pertaining to the safe consumption of dairy products were also discussed in this study.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Milk was preprocessed with 4% NaOH. Then, mycobacteria were isolated from the milk sample on L-J medium. The isolate was identified using multiple loci Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and multi-locus sequence analysis with 16S rRNA, sodA, hsp65, and ITS genes. The drug sensitivity of the isolate to 27 antibiotics was tested through alamar blue assay.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Smooth, moist, pale yellow colonies appeared on the L-J medium within a week after inoculation. Based on the results of multiple loci PCR analysis, the isolate was preliminarily identified as non-tuberculous mycobacteria. The 16S rRNA, SodA, hsp65, and ITS gene sequences of the isolate exhibited 99%, 99%, 99%, and 100% similarities, respectively, with those of the published reference strains of Mycobacterium elephantis (M. elephantis). The drug sensitivity results showed that the strain is resistant to isoniazid, p-aminosalicylic acid, and trimesulf but is sensitive to ofloxacin, rifampicin, amikacin, capreomycin, moxifloxacin, kanamycin, levofloxacin, cycloserine, ethambutol, streptomycin, tobramycin, rifabutin, ciprofloxacin, linezolid, cefoxitin, clarithromycin, and minocycline.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>To the best of our knowledge, this study is initially to report the isolation of M. elephantis from the milk of a cow with mastitis in China.</p>


Subject(s)
Animals , Cattle , Female , Anti-Bacterial Agents , Pharmacology , China , Drug Resistance, Bacterial , Mastitis, Bovine , Epidemiology , Microbiology , Milk , Microbiology , Mycobacterium , Genetics , Mycobacterium Infections , Epidemiology , Microbiology , Phylogeny , Polymerase Chain Reaction
9.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-258816

ABSTRACT

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>In this study, we evaluated the diagnostic efficiency of six recombinant proteins for the serodiagnosis of Lyme borreliosis (LB) and screened out the appropriate antigens to support the production of a Chinese clinical ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) kit for LB.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Six recombinant antigens, Fla B.g, OspC B.a, OspC B.g, P39 B.g, P83 B.g, and VlsE B.a, were used for ELISA to detect serum antibodies in LB, syphilis, and healthy controls. The ELISA results were used to generate receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, and the sensitivity and specificity of each protein was evaluated. All recombinant proteins were evaluated and screened by using logistic regression models.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Two IgG (VlsE and OspC B.g) and two IgM (OspC B.g and OspC B.a) antigens were left by the logistic regression model screened. VlsE had the highest specificity for syphilis samples in the IgG test (87.7%, P<0.05). OspC B.g had the highest diagnostic value in the IgM test (AUC=0.871). Interactive effects between OspC B.a and Fla B.g could reduce the specificity of the ELISA.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Three recombinant antigens, OspC B.g, OspC B.a, and VlsE B.a, were useful for ELISAs of LB. Additionally, the interaction between OspC B.a and Fla B.g should be examined in future research.</p>


Subject(s)
Antigens, Bacterial , Blood , Bacterial Proteins , China , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Lyme Disease , Diagnosis , Recombinant Proteins , Sensitivity and Specificity , Serologic Tests
10.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-264582

ABSTRACT

A set of universal loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) primers targeting the fla gene was designed to detect Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (B. burgdorferi s.l.) in human samples. The sensitivity of LAMP was 20 copies/reaction, and the assay did not detect false positives among 11 other related bacteria. A positive LAMP result was obtained for 9 of the 24 confirmed cases and for 12 of 94 suspected cases. The positive rate of LAMP was the same as that of nested PCR. The LAMP is a useful diagnostic method that can be developed for rapid detection of B. burgdorferi s.l. in human sera. Combination of the LAMP and nested PCR was more sensitive for detecting B. burgdorferi s.l. in human serum samples.


Subject(s)
Humans , Borrelia burgdorferi Group , Genetics , China , DNA, Bacterial , Genetics , Lyme Disease , Diagnosis , Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques , Methods , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Methods , Sensitivity and Specificity
11.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-264596

ABSTRACT

70 clinical Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains isolated from AIDS patients in two HIV/AIDS referral hospitals in Beijing were used in this study. M. tuberculosis and non-tuberculosis mycobacterium (NTM) were identified by using multi-locus PCR. M. tuberculosis was genotyped by using 15-locus MIRU-VNTR technique and spoligotyping afterwards. Meanwhile, the drug susceptibilities of the strains to the four first-line anti TB drugs (rifampin, isoniazid, streptomycin, and ethambutol) and the four second-line anti-TB drugs (capreomycin, kanamycin, ofloxacin, and ethionanide) were tested with proportional method. In this study, M. tuberculosis and NTM strains isolated from AIDS patients with TB-like symptoms were identified and genotyping analysis indicated that Beijing genotype was the predominant genotype. In addition, the prevalence of drug-resistant TB, especially the prevalence of XDR-TB, was higher than that in TB patients without HIV infection.


Subject(s)
Humans , AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections , Microbiology , Antitubercular Agents , Pharmacology , China , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Mycobacterium tuberculosis , Classification , Phylogeny , Tuberculosis , Microbiology
12.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-264623

ABSTRACT

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>A PCR-reverse dot blot hybridization (RDBH) assay was developed for rapid detection of rpoB gene mutations in 'hot mutation region' of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>12 oligonucleotide probes based on the wild-type and mutant genotype rpoB sequences of M. tuberculosis were designed to screen the most frequent wild-type and mutant genotypes for diagnosing RIF resistance. 300 M. tuberculosis clinical isolates were detected by RDBH, conventional drug-susceptibility testing (DST) and DNA sequencing to evaluate the RDBH assay.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The sensitivity and specificity of the RDBH assay were 91.2% (165/181) and 98.3% (117/119), respectively, as compared to DST. When compared with DNA sequencing, the accuracy, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of the RDBH assay were 97.7% (293/300), 98.2% (164/167), and 97.0% (129/133), respectively. Furthermore, the results indicated that the most common mutations were in codons 531 (48.6%), 526 (25.4%), 516 (8.8%), and 511 (6.6%), and the combinative mutation rate was 15 (8.3%). One and two strains of insertion and deletion were found among all strains, respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Our findings demonstrate that the RDBH assay is a rapid, simple and sensitive method for diagnosing RIF-resistant tuberculosis.</p>


Subject(s)
Antitubercular Agents , Pharmacology , Drug Resistance, Bacterial , Genotype , Immunoblotting , Methods , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Mycobacterium tuberculosis , Genetics , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Methods , Rifampin , Pharmacology , Sensitivity and Specificity , Time Factors
13.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-264631

ABSTRACT

To understand the genetic diversity and drug resistance status of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) circulating in Xuzhou of China, the spacer-oligonucleotide typing (Spoligotyping) and multi-loci VNTRs (variable number tandem repeats) analysis (MLVA) were utilized for the genotyping of the isolates. Drug susceptibility test (DST) was performed by the proportion method on the Lowenstein-Jensen (L-J) medium using isoniazid, rifampicin, ethambutol, and streptomycin. By Spoligotyping, 287 M. tuberculosis isolates were differentiated into 14 clusters. Then with 15-loci MLVA, these strains could be divided into 32 clusters, 228 genotypes. Of 15 VNTRs, 6 loci had the highly discriminatory powers, 6 loci presented moderate discrimination and 3 loci demonstrated less polymorphism. The DST results showed that 46 strains were resistant to at least one first-line anti-tuberculosis agent. There was a difference in the isoniazid resistance between Beijing and non-Beijing genotype strains. We concluded that the combination of Spoligotyping and 15 VNTR loci as the genotyping in our study was applicable for this region, the drug resistant isolates were identified, and the Beijing family was the most prevalent genotype in the rural counties of Xuzhou.


Subject(s)
China , Drug Resistance, Bacterial , Genetics , Genotyping Techniques , Mycobacterium tuberculosis , Genetics
14.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-270552

ABSTRACT

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Human Lyme Borreliosis (LB), which is caused by Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (B. burgdorferi), has been identified as a major arthropod-borne infectious disease in China. We aimed to develop a multiple locus variable-number tandem repeat (VNTR) analysis (MLVA) assay for the genotyping of Borrelia burgdorferi strains detected in China.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>B. garinii PBi complete 904.246 kb chromosome and two plasmids (cp26 and lp54) were screened by using Tandem Repeats Finder program for getting potential VNTR loci, the potential VNTR loci were analyzed and identified with PCR and the VNTR loci data were analyzed and MLVA clustering tree were constrcted by using the categorical coefficient and the unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic means (UPGMA).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>We identified 5 new VNTR loci through analyzing 47 potential VNTR loci. We used the MLVA protocol to analyse 101 B. burgdorferi strains detected in China and finally identified 51 unique genotypes in 4 major clusters including B. burgdorferi sensu stricto (B.b.s.s), B. garinii, B. afzelii, and B. valaisiana, consistent with the current MLSA phylogeny studies. The allele numbers of VNTR-1, VNTR-2, VNTR-3, VNTR-4, and VNTR-5 were 7, 3, 9, 7, and 6. The Hunter-Gaston index (HGI) of five VNTR loci were 0.79, 0.22, 0.77, 0.71, and 0.67, respectively. The combined HGI of five VNTR loci was 0.96. Clustering of the strains of Xinjiang, Inner Mongolia and Heilongjiang was confirmed, and this situation was consistent with the close geographical distribution of those provinces.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The MLVA protocol esytablished in this study is easy and can show strains' phylogenetic relationships to distinguish the strains of Borrelia species. It is useful for further phylogenetic and epidemiological analyses of Borrelia strains.</p>


Subject(s)
Borrelia burgdorferi Group , Genetics , China , Genotyping Techniques , Minisatellite Repeats
15.
Chinese Journal of Epidemiology ; (12): 379-384, 2013.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-318393

ABSTRACT

Objective To detect the changes on the expression of putative drug effiux genes caused by isoniazid-inducement in single resistance to the isoniazid Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tuberculosis) clinical isolates,for exploring the putative effiux genes which causing M.tuberculosis isoniazid resistance as well as the mechanism related to high expression of the putative effiux genes.Methods We selected 35 M.tuberculosis clinical isolates which were only resistant to isoniazid as well as 10 sensitive M.tuberculosis clinical isolates and using H37Rv as control.Each strain was cultured in 7H9 liquid medium without isoniazid and with subinhibitory isoniazid concentration (1/4 MIC) induction.After RNA extraction and reverse transcription,real-time PCR was conducted to assess the expression changes of 27 putative drug effiux pump genes with formula 2-△△CT to calculate the expression of each putative drug efflux pump genes.Results Of the 27 putative genes,13 of them were expressed at high level.High expression of Rv1258c gene had the maximum number of 6strains,followed by high expression of Rv0849 and Rv2265 which both had 5 strains.Fourteen strains (40.00%) out of the 35 strains had high expression pump genes.Six strains (17.14%) had only one highly expressed putative efflux pump gene.Eight strains (22.86%) had two or more highly expressed putative effiux pump genes,including two,four,five,seven genes that highly expressed in 4,2,1,1strains respectively.For the 27 putative genes,ten sensitive strains and H37Rv did not show highly expressed genes.Conclusion Rv1258c,Rv2265,Rv0849,etc.genes might be the putative effiux pumps genes of M.tuberculosis resistant to isoniazid.Isoniazid might serve as the inducer of M.tuberculosis part putative effiux pump genes,inducing activation and causing high expression of these putative effiux pump genes.

16.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-320300

ABSTRACT

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To optimize the performance of Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE) for the comparison of inter-laboratory results and information exchange of Borrelia burgdorferi subtyping.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A panel of 34 strains of B. burgdorferi were used to optimize PFGE for subtyping. In order to optimize the electrophoretic parameters (EPs), all 34 strains of B. burgdorferi were analyzed using four EPs, yielding different Simpson diversity index (D) values and the epidemiological concordance was also evaluated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The EP of a switch time of 1 s to 25 s for 13 h and 1 s to 10 s for 6 h produced the highest D value and was declared to be optimal for MluI and SmaI PFGE of B. burgdorferi. MluI and SmaI were selected as the first and second restriction enzymes for PFGE subtyping of B. burgdorferi according to discrimination and consistency with epidemiological data.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>PFGE can be used as a valuable test for routine genospecies identification of B. burgdorferi.</p>


Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Rats , Bacterial Proteins , Metabolism , Bacterial Typing Techniques , Borrelia burgdorferi , Classification , Genetics , DNA, Bacterial , Metabolism , Deoxyribonucleases, Type II Site-Specific , Metabolism , Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field , Ixodes
17.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-320351

ABSTRACT

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the technique of Western blot for the diagnosis of Lyme disease caused by Borrelia afzelii in China and to establish the standard criteria by operational procedure.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>FP1, which is the representative strain of B. afzelii in China, was analyzed by SDS-PAGE, electro transfer and immunoblotting assays. The molecular weights of the protein bands of FP1 were analyzed by Gel-Pro analysis software. In a study using 451 serum samples (159 patients with Lyme disease and 292 controls), all observed bands were recorded. The accuracy of the WB as a diagnostic test was established by using the ROC curve and Youden index.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Criteria for a positive diagnosis of Lyme disease were established as at least one band of P83/100, P58, P39, OspB, OspA, P30, P28, OspC, P17, and P14 in the IgG test and at least one band of P83/100, P58, P39, OspA, P30, P28, OspC, P17, and P41 in the IgM test. For IgG criteria, the sensitivity, specificity and Youden index were 69.8%, 98.3%, and 0.681, respectively; for IgM criteria, the sensitivity, specificity and Youden index were 47%, 94.2%, and 0.412, respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Establishment of WB criteria for B. afzelii is important in validating the diagnostic assays for Lyme disease in China.</p>


Subject(s)
Humans , Blotting, Western , Methods , Borrelia burgdorferi Group , Virulence , China , Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Lyme Disease , Diagnosis , Microbiology
18.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-320352

ABSTRACT

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Lyme disease and Human granulocytic anaplasmosis are tick-borne diseases caused by Borrelia burgdorferi and Anaplasma phagocytophilum respectively. We have investigated infection and co-infection of the two diseases in the population of forest areas of eight provinces in China by measuring seroprevalence of antibodies against B. burgdorferi and A. phagocytophilum.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forest areas in 8 provinces were chosen for investigation using whole sampling and questionnaire survey methods. 3 669 serum samples from people in the forest areas were tested for the presence of antibodies by indirect immunofluorescent assay (IFA).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Seroprevalence against B. burgdorferi was 3% to 15% and against A. phagocytophilum was 2% to 18% in the study sites in the 8 provinces in China. We also found co-infection of B. burgdorferi and A. phagocytophilum in 7 of the 8 provinces (the exception being the Miyun area in Beijing). The seroprevalence for both B. burgdorferi and A. phagocytophilum was significantly higher among people exposed to ticks than among people who were not exposed to ticks.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>We conclude that both pathogens are endemic in the forest areas in the eight provinces, but the prevalence of B. burgdorferi and A. phagocytophilum differs between the provinces.</p>


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Animals , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Anaplasma phagocytophilum , Virulence , Anaplasmosis , Blood , Epidemiology , Borrelia burgdorferi , Virulence , China , Coinfection , Lyme Disease , Blood , Epidemiology , Seroepidemiologic Studies , Tick-Borne Diseases , Blood , Epidemiology , Trees
19.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-247115

ABSTRACT

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To identify the novel species 'Mycobacterium fukienense' sp. nov of Mycobacterium chelonae/abscessus complex from tuberculosis patients in Fujian Province, China.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Five of 27 clinical Mycobacterium isolates (Cls) were previously identified as M. chelonae/abscessus complex by sequencing the hsp65, rpoB, 16S-23S rRNA internal transcribed spacer region (its), recA and sodA house-keeping genes commonly used to describe the molecular characteristics of Mycobacterium. Clinical Mycobacterium isolates were classified according to the gene sequence using a clustering analysis program. Sequence similarity within clusters and diversity between clusters were analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The 5 isolates were identified with distinct sequences exhibiting 99.8% homology in the hsp65 gene. However, a complete lack of homology was observed among the sequences of the rpoB, 16S-23S rRNA internal transcribed spacer region (its), sodA, and recA genes as compared with the M. abscessus. Furthermore, no match for rpoB, sodA, and recA genes was identified among the published sequences.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The novel species, Mycobacterium fukienense, is identified from tuberculosis patients in Fujian Province, China, which does not belong to any existing subspecies of M. chelonea/abscessus complex.</p>


Subject(s)
Humans , Bacterial Proteins , Genetics , Base Sequence , China , Epidemiology , Cluster Analysis , DNA, Bacterial , Genetics , Molecular Sequence Data , Mycobacterium , Classification , Genetics , Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous , Epidemiology , Microbiology , Mycobacterium chelonae , Classification , Genetics , Phylogeny , Sequence Alignment , Tuberculosis , Epidemiology , Microbiology
20.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-320389

ABSTRACT

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Tuberculosis remains one of the most serious infectious diseases in the world. In this study, a scheme of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA) was established for the phylogenetic and epidemiology analysis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>To establish the scheme of M. tuberculosis MLSA, the genome of H37Rv, CCDC5079 and CCDC5180 were compared, and some variable genes were chosen to be the MLSA typing scheme. 44 M. tuberculosis clinical isolates were typed by MLSA, IS6110-RFLP, and soligotyping, to evaluate the MLSA methods.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After comparison of the genome, seven high discrimination gene loci (recX, rpsL, rmlC, rpmG1, mprA, gcvH, ideR) were chosen to be the MLSA typing scheme finally. 11 variable SNP sites of those seven genes were found among the 44 M. tuberculosis isolate strains and 11 sequence types (STs) were identified. Based on the Hunter-Gaston Index (HGI), MLSA typing was not as good for discrimination at the strain level as IS6110-RFLP, but the HGI was much better than that of spoligotyping. In addition, the MEGA analysis result of MLSA data was similar to spoligotyping/PGG lineage, showing a strong phylogenetic signal in the modern strains of M. tuberculosis. The MLSA data analysis by eBURST revealed that 4 sequence types (ST) came into a main cluster, showing the major clonal complexes in those 44 strains.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>MLSA genotyping not only can be used for molecular typing, but also is an ideal method for the phylogenetic analysis for M. tuberculosis.</p>


Subject(s)
Chromosome Mapping , Chromosomes, Bacterial , Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial , Genome, Bacterial , Genotype , Multilocus Sequence Typing , Methods , Mycobacterium tuberculosis , Genetics , Metabolism
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