Research status and progress on limb preservation technology / 器官移植

Limb replantation and transplantation is the optimal treatment for traumatic limb amputation. Safe and effective limb preservation is the key factor to determine the success of limb replantation and transplantation. Currently, static cold storage is the gold standard of limb preservation. However, the preservation time is short, which may no longer meet clinical requirements. With rapid development of organ preservation in recent years, novel preservation technologies, such as ultra-low temperature preservation, supercooling preservation and mechanical perfusion preservation, have successively emerged. However, at present, these techniques are primarily applied to the preservation of solid organs rather than composite tissue allografts with blood vessels including limbs. In this article, research status and progress on the application of static cold storage and mechanical perfusion preservation in limb preservation were reviewed, aiming to provide reference for clinical application of limb preservation technology and promote the development of limb replantation and transplantation.

Gynostemma pentaphyllum saponins alleviate non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in rats by regulating intestinal flora and short-chain fatty acid metabolism / 中国中药杂志

This study aimed to explore the effects of Gynostemma pentaphyllum saponins(GPs) on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) induced by high-fat diet in rats and reveal the underlying mechanism. The NAFLD model rats were prepared with high-fat diet. Forty male Sprague Dawley(SD) rats were randomly assigned into the control group, model group, and low-, moderate-, and high-dose GPs(50, 100, and 150 mg·kg~(-1), respectively) groups. After intragastric administration for 8 continuous weeks, we determined the body weight, liver weight, the levels of total cholesterol(TC), triglyceride(TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-c), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-c), alanine aminotransferase(ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase(AST) in serum, and the levels of TC, TG, malondialdehyde(MDA), superoxide dismutase(SOD), catalase(CAT), and interleukin 6(IL-6) in the liver. Furthermore, we observed the pathological changes of liver tissue by oil red O staining and hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining, sequenced the 16 S rRNA of the intestinal flora in rat feces, and determined the content of short-chain fatty acids in rat feces. The results showed that GPs inhibited the excessive weight gain of high-fat diet-induced NAFLD in rats, reduced the liver weight, lowered the TC, TG, LDL-c, AST, and ALT levels in serum(P<0.05), and rose the HDL-c level in serum(P<0.01). GPs relieved the liver damage caused by high-fat diet, mainly manifested by the lowered levels of TC, TG, MDA, and IL-6 in the liver(P<0.01) and elevated levels of CAT and SOD in the liver. Furthermore, GPs reversed the intestinal flora disorder caused by high-fat diet, restored the diversity of intestinal flora, increased the relative abundance of Bacteroides, and reduced the relative abundance of Firmicutes and the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroides. Moreover, GPs promoted the proliferation of beneficial bacteria such as Akkermansia, Bacteroides, and Parabacteroides, and inhibited the growth of harmful bacteria such as Desulfovibrio, Escherichia-Shigella, and Helicobacter. GPs increased the content of short-chain fatty acids(acetic acid, propionic acid, and butyric acid)(P<0.01). These findings indicate that GPs can alleviate the high-fat diet-induced NAFLD in rats via regulating the intestinal flora and short-chain fatty acid metabolism.

Application of process-oriented-guided inquiry learning in the clinical teaching of rheumatism and immunology / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective:To observe the application effectiveness and advantages of process-oriented-guided inquiry learning (POGIL) in the clinical practical teaching of rheumatism and immunology.Methods:A total of 120 students of "5+3" clinical medicine from Chongqing Medical University, who interned in the department between May 2019 and May 2021, were randomly selected and divided into control group (60 cases) and experimental group (60 cases). The control group was given conventional clinical teaching model, and the experimental group adopted POGIL theory for clinical teaching design. After one month of implementation through different teaching methods, the mastery of specialized knowledge and self-ability improvement evaluation were compared between the two groups of interns. The scores of fatigue scale (FS-14) and symptom checklist-90 (SCL-90) were used to evaluate the learning stress status of interns. And the satisfaction of interns with different teaching models were compared. SPSS 22.0 was used for t test and chi-square test. Results:①The scores of specialized knowledge assessment of intern students in experimental group were higher than those in control group ( P<0.05). ②The self-evaluation scores of professional abilities were higher in experimental group than those in control group ( P<0.05). ③ The scores of FS-14 and SCL-90 in experimental group were significantly lower than those in control group after POGIL instruction and teaching ( P<0.05). ④In terms of teaching quality, the effective rate of clinical teaching with 96.67%(58/60) in experimental group was significantly higher than that 91.67%(55/60) in control group ( P<0.05). Conclusion:POGIL theory model for clinical practice teaching in department of rheumatism and immunology can improve the professional knowledge and skills of clinical interns, and this teaching model is easier to improve the learning enthusiasm and teaching quality of interns.

Correlation between professional quality of life and social support of Chinese nurses: a meta-analysis / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

Objective: To systematically evaluate the correlation between professional quality of life and social support of Chinese nurses based on Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficients. Methods: In databases including PubMed, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, Medline, CBM, CNKI、Wanfang, and other databases were searched by computer for the literatures on correlation between Chinese nurses' professional quality of life and social support from January 2005 to July 2020. The Chinese and English search terms are "nurse" "professional quality of life" "empathy satisfaction" "empathy fatigue" "professional quality of life" "ProQOL" "comparison satisfaction" "comparison fatigue" "social support" "competent social support" "SSRS" "PSSS", etc. Literatures were screened according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. After evaluating quality and extracting data, meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan 5.3 software. Results: A total of 12 studies were included. The meta analysis showed that nurses' compassion satisfaction, burnout, secondary traumatic stress were related to social support, summary r were 0.35, -0.26 and -0.23 respectively. The correlation between compassion satisfaction and social support were increased with sample, the south was higher than the north, and comprehensive departments were higher than other departments (P<0.05) . The correlation between burnout and social support were increased with time and sample, and the south was higher than the north, oncology was higher than others, non-random sampling was higher than random sampling, using ProQOL and Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS) was higher than Professional Quality of Life Scale (ProQOL) and Social Support Racting Scale (SSRS) (P<0.05) . The correlation coefficient between secondary traumatic stress and social support in oncology was higher than others, random sampling was higher than non-random sampling, using ProQOL and PSSS was higher than ProQOL and SSRS (P<0.05) . Conclusion: There is a positive and weak correlation between compassion satisfaction and social support, and a negative and weak correlation between burnout and secondary traumatic stress and social support. There are differences in different time, research design, region and department.

The effectiveness of psychological intervention on nursing staff' compassion fatigue: a meta-analysis / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

Objective: To systematically evaluate the impact of psychological intervention on nursing staff' compassion fatigue. Methods: From March to May 2020, PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMbase, Web of Science, CNKI, VIP, Wanfang and other databases were electronically searched to collect randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the influence of psychological intervention on nursing staff' compassion fatigue with the main search terms including compassion fatigue, nurs*, psychological intervention, mental intervention, RCT and so on from inception to March 31, 2020. Screened literature, extracted data and assessed the risk of bias of included studies. The Stata 16.0 software was used to calculate the pooled effectiveness of psychological intervention on nursing staff' compassion fatigue. Results: All 13 RCTs were enrolled, including 940 nursing staff. Meta-analysis results demonstrated that the psychological intervention group was superior to the control group in the improvement of the compassion fatigue score (SMD=-0.96, 95%CI: -1.17-0.74, P=0.001) , compassion satisfaction score (SMD=0.61, 95%CI: 0.45-0.77, P=0.002) , burnout score (SMD=-0.46, 95%CI: -0.62-0.29, P=0.006) , secondary trauma score (SMD=-0.40, 95%CI: -0.68-0.12, P=0.020) , and the difference was statistically significant. Subgroup analysis found that the psychological intervention group was more effective than the control group in improving compassion satisfaction score, reducing burnout score and secondary trauma score, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05) in different intervention time (<8 weeks and ≥8 weeks) and intervention methods. Conclusion: The psychological intervention can improve the level of compassion satisfaction, and reduce the compassion fatigue among nursing staff, and have a certain preventive effect on compassion fatigue.

Renal graft artery stenosis associated with pediatric kidney / 中华器官移植杂志

Objective:To retrospectively summarize the clinical experiences of managing renal artery stenosis after donor kidney transplantation in children.Methods:From January 2018 to October 2021, 114 pediatric kidney transplants(donor/recipient aged <18 years)were performed.According to the findings of color Doppler ultrasonography, they were divided into two groups of normal( n=80)and rapid flow( n=34). Rapid flow group were assigned into symptomatic( n=13)and asymptomatic( n=21)sub-groups based upon clinical features of hypertension and renal instability. Results:Among them, there were 65 males and 49 females.A significant inter-gender difference existed in the proportion of higher arterial flow rate of transplanted kidney(38.5% and 18.4%, P=0.02). No significant difference existed in age or body weight of transplant recipients among all groups( P>0.05). The mean age(10.4 months)and body weight(9 kg)of donors were significantly lower in symptomatic group than those in normal group(65.3 months, 21 kg)and asymptomatic group(64.4 months, 21.2 kg). The mean velocity of symptomatic group was significantly higher than that of asymptomatic group(363.5 vs 228.8 cm/s)( P<0.001). In symptomatic group, 6 cases received medications and their clinical manifestations were completely relieved.Among 7 patients invasively treated, one percutaneous transluminal angioplasty(PTA)was offer once( n=2), twice( n=2)and triple( n=1)with clinical relief and stable renal function.One case of bleeding at puncture site during PTA had treatment failure with a gradual loss of graft function.One ineffective case of PTA was subsequently placed with an endovascular stent.However, repeated stent dilation failed due to restenosis.After surgical exploration, vascular stent removal and transplantation of renal artery clipping, clinical symptoms were relieved. Conclusions:Male recipient, low body weight or young donor may be risk factors for transplant renal artery stenosis(TRAS)during pediatric donor renal transplantation.A higher flow rate of transplanted renal artery on ultrasonography could not confirm the diagnosis of TRAS.Greater arterial flow and associated clinical manifestations often hint at a strong possibility of TRAS, requiring drug or invasive treatment interventions.If PTA efficacy is not satisfactory, multiple treatments should be performed.Nevertheless, stenting should be avoided as far as possible to prevent in-stent restenosis.

Therapeutic mechanism of emodin for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis: a network pharmacology-based analysis / 南方医科大学学报

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the therapeutic mechanism of emodin in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) using a network pharmacology-based method and validate this mechanism in a fibroblast-like synovial cell line.@*METHODS@#The PubChem, Targetnet, SwissTargetPrediction, Genecards, OMIM, and DisGeNET databases were searched to obtain emodin targets and RA-related genes. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed, and GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses were carried out to analyze the intersection genes. AutoDock4.2.6 software was used to simulate molecular docking between emodin and its candidate targets. In a cultured fibroblast-like synovial cell line (MH7A), the effects of different concentrations of emodin on proliferation of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-induced cells were investigated using CCK-8 assay, cell scratch experiment and flow cytometry; the changes in the expressions of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway proteins were detected using Western blotting, and the mRNA expressions of the hub genes were examined with RT-qPCR.@*RESULTS@#We identified 32 intersection genes of emodin and RA, and the key targets including CAPS3, ESR1, and MAPK14 involved mainly the NF-κB signaling pathway. Cell scratch experiment and flow cytometry demonstrated a strong inhibitory effect of emodin on MH7A cell proliferation. Treatment with TNF-α significantly increased the cellular expressions of the NF-κB pathway proteins, which were obviously lowered by treatment with 80 μmol/L emodin. The results of RT-qPCR showed that TNF-α treatment obviously up-regulated the expressions of the hub genes COX2 and P38MAPK, and emodin treatment significantly down-regulated the expressions of MAPK and PTGS2 and up-regulated the expression of CASP3.@*CONCLUSION@#The therapeutic effect of emodin on RA is mediated mainly through regulation of cell proliferation, apoptosis, and the NF-κB pathway.

Prenatal diagnosis of Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome characterized by severe fetal growth restriction in three fetuses / 中华围产医学杂志

Objective:To analyze the prenatal clinical characteristics and genetic etiology of Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome manifested by severe fetal growth restriction (FGR).Methods:Clinical data of three pregnant women admitted to Changsha Hospital for Maternal and Child Health Care from 2018 to 2020 due to severe FGR with or without other malformations diagnosed by prenatal ultrasound were collected. Amniotic fluid samples obtained by ultrasound-guided amniocentesis were analyzed by conventional G-banding staining technique and single nucleotide polymorphism array (SNP array). Parental peripheral blood cells were collected for SNP array to verify the source of variation.Results:(1) The karyotypes of both case 1 and 2 were normal, while case 3 had an abnormal karyotype of 46,XN,der(4)(9pter→9p23::4p15.31→4qter). (2) SNP array indicated a 7.8 Mb microdeletion in 4p16.3p16.1 cytoband in case 1 and a 5.5 Mb microdeletion in 4p16.3p16.2 cytoband in case 2, which were both de novo copy number variations. Case 3 harbored a 19.88 Mb deletion in 4p16.3p15.31 and a 10.89 Mb duplication in 9p24.3p23. (3) All three fetuses were diagnosed as Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome, and their parents chose to terminate the pregnancies after genetic counseling. Conclusions:Considering the possibility of genetic disease, invasive prenatal diagnosis is suggested when prenatal ultrasonography showed severe FGR, regardless of other malformations, to clarify the cause and guide genetic counseling.

Post-transplantation lymphoproliferative disorders of kidney in children: two cases report and literature review / 中华肾脏病杂志

Objective:To report two cases of post-transplantation lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLD) after kidney transplantation in children and review the literature, and to improve clinicians' understanding of PTLD in children.Methods:The clinical data of two children with PTLD admitted to the Children's Hospital of Fudan University were collected and analyzed. The PTLD-related literature of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Wanfang, CNKI, Weipu Database and China Biomedical Literature Service System from the establishment of the database to January 2020 were collected for literature review. Multivariate logistic regression analysis method was used to analyze the influencing factors of prognostic in children with PTLD.Results:Both of the patients had negative Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and Cytomegalovirus (CMV) before transplantation and anti-thymocyte immunoglobulin (ATG) were induced during transplantation. PTLD in case 1 and case 2 was diagnosed at 3 and 12 months after transplantation, respectively, with positive EBV and CMV serological reaction. The pathological diagnosis was monomorphic PTLD in case 1 and the case 2 was clinically considered as non-hodgkin lymphoma. They all received thrapies of immunosuppressive reduction combined with anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody and chemotherapy. PTLD was relieved and graft function was normal in 2 cases, while case 1 died two and half years after transplantation due to intracranial fungal infection. According to the analysis of 56 children (including 2 cases in this study) with PTLD from the literature review, the median time of PTLD from transplantation was 41.8 months. The initial involved organs were digestive tract [17 cases (30.4%)], respiratory system [8 cases (14.3%)], nervous system [7 cases (12.5%)] and pharyngeal lymph ring [7 cases (12.5%)], respectively. The main pathologic type of PTLD was monomorphic [34 cases (60.8%)]. Fifty-six cases were all positive in EBV serological reaction when PTLD was diagnosed. The treatment included immunosuppressive reduction combined with anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody and chemotherapy. Forty-eight cases of PTLD were relieved, while 8 cases lost graft function. Eleven cases died, including 3 cases due to infection and the other 8 cases due to PTLD. Multivariate logistic regression showed that monomorphic PTLD was a risk factor of death for PTLD children ( OR=21.616, 95% CI 1.007-464.107, P=0.049). Conclusions:PTLD in children with kidney transplantation is mostly associated with EBV infection, and the clinical manifestations are diverse. Monomorphic PTLD has a poor prognosis and high mortality.

Application of medical science popularization competition in nursing interns from the perspective of healthy China / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To explore the application effect of medical science competition in nursing interns whocontribute to "healthy China" , and to improve their health education awareness, ability, method and self-confidence.Methods:A total of 205 nursing interns who worked in Union Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology from 2019 to 2020 were selected as the research objects. They were divided into the control group (105 cases) and the experimental group (100 cases) according to whether they participated in the medical science competition. The control group learned the form and method of health education in clinical rotation according to the traditional practice teaching plan. The experimental group volunteered to participate in the medical science competition, which required the dissemination of health knowledge through various forms. Before and after the competition, the health education ability assessment scale was used for comparison.Results:Before the medical science competition, there was no significant difference in the total score of assessment, planning, implementation, evaluation and health education between the control group and the experimental group ( t values were 0.765 - 1.749, all P>0.05). After the medical science competition, the total scores of assessment, planning, implementation, evaluation and health education ability of nursing interns in the experimental group were (24.38 ± 4.72), (17.98 ± 3.98), (25.16 ± 5.36), (12.57 ± 2.96) and (80.09 ± 15.65) respectively, while those in the control group were (22.45 ± 6.29), (16.61 ± 4.77), (23.04 ± 6.55), (11.31 ± 3.46) and (73.41 ± 19.69).The differences between the two groups were statistically significant ( t values were 2.226 - 2.795, all P<0.05). Conclusions:The medical science competition can improve the health education ability of assessment, planning, implementation, evaluation of nursing interns and contribute to "healthy China" .

Applying structural equation model to construct the index of influencing factors of clinical nursing teaching quality / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:to construct and test the structural equation model of influencing factors of clinical nursing teaching quality, and analyze the influencing factors and strength of clinical nursing teaching quality.Methods:Based on the literature, 20 indexes influencing the quality of clinical nursing teaching were selected. In July 2019, clinical nursing teachers of a third class a medical institution were selected for convenient sampling survey. Through factor analysis, 20 indexes were classified into 6 dimensions, namely, teaching environment, teaching attitude, teacher quality, teacher behavior, teaching management and teaching quality.Results:The structural equation model of influencing factors of clinical nursing teaching quality was constructed. The fitting index of the model reached the standard value, and the model had a good fit.Conclusion:With the help of this model, the nursing administrators can find out the factors and intensity that affect the quality of clinical nursing teaching, which is helpful to put forward the improvement strategies of improving the quality of clinical nursing teaching, to improve the effect of clinical nursing teaching, to improve the quality of clinical nursing teaching, and to provide reference for the research of similar clinical nursing teaching quality.

Qualitative study on the real psychological experience of family members of patients in neurological intensive care unit / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To deeply understand the real experience of family members of patients in the neurosurgery intensive care unit during the period of accompanying them, and to provide reference for managers to formulate nursing countermeasures to improve the coping ability of family members.Methods:Descriptive phenomenological research method in qualitative research was adopted to conduct in-depth interviews with family members of 12 patients admitted to a neurosurgery intensive care unit in Shanghai, manage the interview data with Nvivo11 software, and use Colaizzi's seven-step analysis method to summarize and analyze the topic.Results:There were four themes: adhere to and do not give up, adhere to was due to the trust and affirmation of the medical care, do not give up was because it was difficult to give up blood kinship, adhere to the hope of life because of patients; timing change of emotional experience, first aid period: helpless to rescue and expecting the condition to stabilize, complication peak: understanding the characteristics of the disease and paying attention to the treatment progress, stable period: uncertain prognosis and desire for emotional companionship.The powerlessness of the future; learn to self psychological adjustment.Conclusions:The family members of patients with severe neurological diseases have both negative experience and positive feelings, and the accompanying experience and needs at different stages of the disease are changing dynamically. According to the cognition and needs of the family members, exploring and developing palliative medicine, tapping the potential of the family members from a positive perspective and improving coping ability are one of the ways to maintain the stable mental health of the family members.

Value of chromosomal microarray analysis for the prenatal diagnosis of pregnancy with high risk signaled by non-invasive prenatal testing / 中华医学遗传学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the value of chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) for the diagnosis of fetuses with high risk signaled by non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT).@*METHODS@#From June 2017 to August 2019, 628 pregnant women with high risk signaled by NIPT underwent invasive prenatal diagnosis. Amniotic fluid or cord blood samples were subjected to chromosomal karyotyping analysis or CMA. Pregnancy outcome and postnatal conditions of the fetuses were followed up.@*RESULTS@#The positive predictive value for trisomy 21, trisomy 18, trisomy 13, sex chromosome aneuploidy, other rare trisomies and copy number variants (CNVs) among the 628 women were 86.4% (127/147), 41.7% (30/72), 12.9% (4/31), 43.7% (101/231), 16.5% (14/85) and 52.2% (35/67), respectively. In 218 samples with normal karyotype, 5.5% (12/218) of additional pathogenic CNVs and 2.3% (5/218) of loss of heterozygosity were detected by CMA.@*CONCLUSION@#CMA combined with karyotyping analysis can be used as first-tier test for prenatal diagnosis for women with high-risk signaled by NIPT.

Quality Evaluation of Citri Sarcodactylis Fructus from Different Origins Based on HPLC Fingerprint and Chemometrics / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To establish the high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC） fingerprint of Citri Sarcodactylis Fructus， and to search for makers to characterize the quality difference of Citri Sarcodactylis Fructus from different origins coupled with chemometrics. Method:The analysis was performed on a Thermo Hypersil GOLD C₁₈ column （4.6 mm×250 mm， 5 μm） with mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-0.05% phosphoric acid solution for gradient elution， and the detection wavelength was set at 254 nm. A total of 31 batches of samples were analyzed to establish the HPLC fingerprint of Citri Sarcodactylis Fructus. Similarity evaluation was performed by Traditional Chinese Medicine Chromatographic Fingerprint Similarity Evaluation System （2012 edition） to confirm the common peaks， which were identified by comparison of reference substances. On the basis， chemometrics methods were used to analyze and evaluate the quality of Citri Sarcodactylis Fructus from different origins. At the same time， 3 batches of 5 species of decoction pieces from the genus <italic>Citrus</italic> in the family Rutaceae， including Citri Sarcodactylis Fructus， Aurantii Fructus Immaturus， Aurantii Fructus， Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride and Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium， were randomly collected for evaluating the effectiveness and reliability of the established HPLC fingerprint of Citri Sarcodactylis Fructus. Result:HPLC fingerprint of Citri Sarcodactylis Fructus was established and 22 common peaks were identified. And seven common peaks among them were identified as 6，7-dimethoxycoumarin， diosmin， hesperidin， byakangelicin， 5，7-dimethoxycoumarin， bergapten and oxypeucedanin. Except for 2 batches of samples， the similarities of fingerprints between other 29 batches of samples were >0.9. The 31 batches of Citri Sarcodactylis Fructus were basically divided into 3 groups by cluster analysis and principal component analysis， which were consistent with the classification of three different producing areas. Eight differential markers were screened by orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis and four of them （5，7-dimethoxycoumarin， bergapten， 6，7-dimethoxycoumarin and diosmin） were identified by reference substances. Similarity evaluation of 5 species of decoction pieces from genus <italic>Citrus</italic> in the family Rutaceae was carried out by taking the reference fingerprint of Citri Sarcodactylis Fructus as treference chromatogram， similarity of Citri Sarcodactylis Fructus decoction pieces was 0.892-0.977， and the similarities of the other 4 kinds of decoction pieces were 0.215-0.517. Conclusion:The established fingerprint method is reasonable， effective and accurate for quality control of Citri Sarcodactylis Fructus， the characterization information is more comprehensive combined with chemometrics.

Identification of hub genes and transcription factors involved in periodontitis on the basis of multiple microarray analysis / 华西口腔医学杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) during the pathogenesis of periodontitis by bioinformatics analysis.@*METHODS@#GEO2R was used to screen DEGs in GSE10334 and GSE16134. Then, the overlapped DEGs were used for further analysis. g:Profiler was used to perform Gene Ontology analysis and pathway analysis for upregulated and downregulated DEGs. The STRING database was used to construct the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, which was further visua-lized and analyzed by Cytoscape software. Hub genes and key modules were identified by cytoHubba and MCODE plug-ins, respectively. Finally, transcription factors were predicted via iRegulon plug-in.@*RESULTS@#A total of 196 DEGs were identified, including 139 upregulated and 57 downregulated DEGs. Functional enrichment analysis showed that the upregulated DEGs were mainly enriched in immune-related pathways including immune system, viral protein interaction with cytokine and cytokine receptor, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, leukocyte transendothelial migration, and chemokine receptors bind chemokines. On the contrary, the downregulated DEGs were mainly related to the formation of the cornified envelope and keratinization. The identified hub genes in the PPI network were CXCL8, CXCL1, CXCR4, SEL, CD19, and IKZF1. The top three modules were involved in chemokine response, B cell receptor signaling pathway, and interleukin response, respectively. iRegulon analysis revealed that IRF4 scored the highest.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The pathogenesis of periodontitis was closely associated with the expression levels of the identified hub genes including CXCL8, CXCL1, CXCR4, SELL, CD19, and IKZF1. IRF4, the predicted transcription factor, might serve as a dominant upstream regulator.

Moxibustion on mental disorder in close contacts of coronavirus disease 2019: a randomized controlled trial / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the effect of moxibustion combined with @*METHODS@#A total of 240 close contacts of COVID-19 were randomized into an observation group (120 cases, 18 cases dropped off) and a control group (120 cases, 58 cases dropped off). Conventional observation was adopted in the control group. Moxibustion combined with Daiwenjiu plaster was given in the observation group, moxibustion was applied at Zusanli (ST 36), Hegu (LI 4) and Shenque (CV 8), 10 min each acupoint, once a day; @*RESULTS@#In the follow-up, SRQ-20 score was decreased compared before treatment (@*CONCLUSION@#Moxibustion combined with

Distribution of Microbiota in Fine Particulate Matter Particles in Guangzhou, China / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

Objective@#High PM concentration is the main feature of increasing haze in developing states, but information on its microbial composition remains very limited. This study aimed to determine the composition of microbiota in PM in Guangzhou, a city located in the tropics in China.@*Methods@#In Guangzhou, from March 5 to 10 , 2016, PM was collected in middle volume air samplers for 23 h daily. The 16S rDNA V4 region of the PM sample extracted DNA was investigated using high-throughput sequence.@*Results@#Among the Guangzhou samples, , , , , and were the dominant microbiota accounting for more than 90% of the total microbiota, and was the dominant gram-negative bacteria, accounting for 21.30%-23.57%. We examined the difference in bacterial distribution of PM between Beijing and Guangzhou at the genus level; was found in both studies, but was only detected in Guangzhou.@*Conclusion@#In conclusion, the diversity and specificity of microbial components in Guangzhou PM were studied, which may provide a basis for future pathogenicity research in the tropics.

Surveys on the infrastructure construction of healthcare institutions in public health emergencies: data of Wuhan / 中华医院管理杂志

Objective:To analyze, with Wuhan as an example, the problems found in the infrastructure development of China′s healthcare institutions, and put forward optimization suggestions for future epidemic prevention and control.Methods:From May to June 2020, we surveyed with questionnaires 56 healthcare institutions in Wuhan, covering such aspects as basic information of the institutions, infectious disease infrastructure readiness, and the converted wards for COVID-19. Statistical descriptions were used to analyze data so acquired.Results:The number of beds in the infectious departments of healthcare institutions in Wuhan amounted to 1.64 per 10 000 people, yet the existing 1 873 beds and about 5 000 convertible beds failed to meet the medical needs against the outbreak of COVID-19. After the outbreak, a total of 19 084 convertible beds were set up, of which general hospitals accounted for 88%; the area occupied by each converted bed in traditional Chinese medicine hospitals, hospitals of traditional and Western medicine, and maternal and child hospitals (<30.0m 2) was lower than that in general hospitals and specialist hospitals (>40.0m 2). Conclusions:Healthcare institutions should scientifically allocate " peacetime-wartime adaptive" hospital beds, optimize both the number and efficiency of these beds, and prepare for the worst scenarios, so that the infrastructure can be built and maintained in strict accordance with standards, government departments can rationally arrange infectious disease prevention and control facilities and strengthen their planning in case of emergencies.

Analysis and enlightenment of physicians′ strategy faced with healthcare insurance " point method" in Germany based on game theory / 中华医院管理杂志

Germany has introduced the " point method" of fee-for-service at the outpatient departments under a global budget system, in an effort to curb medical expenditure growth. The authors employed the game theory to build a physician′s game model under Germany′s point method, illustrating the causes of " increasing points" behaviors of physicians, the negative effects caused by the increase of points as well as the prevention and control measures employed by Germany and its mechanism. Point method payment has been introduced in several areas in China at their inpatient departments, which is delivered to medical service providers via the performance-based distribution model, with the providers affected in their behaviors. As a result, some areas will tend to appear such " increasing points" behaviors as competing for patients, lowering admission criteria, and raising point value. In view of Germany′s experiences, China should adopt such measures as dynamic monitoring system, disclosure of " increasing points " behaviors, perfection of hierarchical medical system, and strengthening the self-governance via medical sector′s associations.

Clinical effect of linear mastoplasty in treatment of mastoptosis / 中华医学美学美容杂志

Objective To evaluate the effect of Lejours' procedure in the treatment of breast prolapse.Methods From July 2014 to July 2018,the Second People's Hospital of Guangdong Prov ince accepted 36 female patients with breast prolapse and correction failure,aged 25 42 years,with an average age of 32.1 years.According to the preoperative design,the pedicel epidermis,the redundant skin,the prosthesis and capsule were removed,and the mammary flap was fixed on the fascia of pectoralis major muscle,and the nipple and areola were fixed and sutured layer by layer.Results In 36 cases,the shape of breast was improved,the scar of incision was smaller,and the color of scar became lighter with time.There were no serious complications such as nipple and areola necrosis.The breast was straight and round after operation.After 6-24 months follow-up,one patient had delayed wound healing and received repeated dressing changes for 7 days.Conclusions The design of the op eration is simple,with little scar,few complications and good long term effect.The shape of the breast after repair is round and straight,which can be used as one of the feasible operation methods for the repair of breast ptosis.