Mechanism of M2 macrophage-derived exosomes in promoting the migration of glioblastoma via transferring miR-1260b / 中国药科大学学报

@#Tumor-associated macrophage promotes the progression of glioblastoma (GBM) by infiltrating into tumor tissue, yet its mechanism has not been fully elucidated.This paper aimed to investigate the mechanism of M2 macrophages in affecting the migratory capacity of GBM via secreting exosomes.Ultracentrifugation was used to extract exosomes; RNA sequencing was carried out to screen differentially expressed miRNAs; target prediction database was used to predict the possible target proteins of miRNA; Dual-luciferase reporter assay was performed to verify the interaction between miRNA and target genes; and the proliferation ability of tumor cells was detected by subcutaneous xenograft model in nude mice.Results showed that tumor-related macrophages were mainly M2 macrophages, and that exosomes secreted by M2 macrophages could promote the migration of glioma cells.Meanwhile, exosomes secreted by M2 macrophages transported miR-1260b and affected the migration of glioma cells through directly targeted AJAP1, suggesting that exosomes secreted by macrophages could affect the migration ability of GBM through transporting miR-1260b.

Association between serum alkaline phosphatase and type 2 diabetes mellitus with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease / 临床肝胆病杂志

Objective To investigate the association between serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Methods A total of 599 patients with T2DM who were hospitalized in Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, from July 2016 to December 2018 were enrolled as subjects. According to the presence or absence of NAFLD, the patients were divided into NAFLD group with 286 patients and non-NAFLD group with 313 patients, and according to the results of abdominal ultrasound, the patients with NAFLD were divided into mild group with 111 patients, moderate group with 105 patients, and severe group with 70 patients. General clinical data were compared between groups. The independent samples t - test was used for comparison of normally distributed continuous data between two groups, and an analysis of variance was used for comparison between three groups; the Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison of non-normally distributed continuous data between two groups, and the Kruskal-Wallis H test was used for comparison between three groups; the chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data between groups. Pearson correlation analysis and Spearman correlation analysis were used to investigate the correlation between ALP and clinical indices, and a logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the influencing factors for NAFLD. Results Compared with the non-NAFLD group, the NAFLD group had significantly higher proportion of patients with history of hypertension ( χ 2 =7.864, P < 0.05), systolic blood pressure ( t =-2.226, P < 0.05), diastolic blood pressure ( t =-3.800, P < 0.05), body mass index (BMI) ( t =-11.842, P < 0.05), waist circumference (WC) ( t =-9.150, P < 0.05), fasting insulin (FINS) ( Z =-6.173, P < 0.05), fasting C-peptide ( t =-5.419, P < 0.05), serum uric acid ( t =-4.957, P < 0.05), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol ( t =-2.702, P < 0.05), triglyceride ( Z =-9.376, P < 0.05), total cholesterol (TC) ( t =-3.016, P < 0.05), Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) ( Z =-5.794, P < 0.05), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) ( Z =-6.737, P < 0.05), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) ( Z =-4.389, P < 0.05), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) ( Z =-7.764, P < 0.05), and ALP ( t =-2.833, P < 0.05), as well as significantly lower age ( t =2.184, P < 0.05) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ( Z =-5.273, P < 0.05). The severity of NAFLD (mild, moderate or severe) was positively correlated with age ( r s =0.140, P < 0.05), BMI ( r s =0.239, P < 0.05), WC ( r s =0.222, P < 0.05), FINS ( r s =0.191, P < 0.05), HOMA-IR ( r s =0.218, P < 0.05), ALT ( r s =0.188, P < 0.05), AST ( r s =0.279, P < 0.05), GGT ( r s =0.202, P < 0.05), and ALP ( r s =0.361, P < 0.05). In the patients with T2DM and NAFLD, ALP was positively correlated with HbAlc ( r =0.149, P < 0.05), fasting plasma glucose ( r =0.146, P < 0.05), HOMA-IR ( r s =0.132, P < 0.05), TC ( r =0.151, P < 0.05), ALT ( r s =0.210, P < 0.05), AST ( r s =0.192, P < 0.05), and GGT ( r s =0.297, P < 0.05). The logistic regression analysis showed that ALP was an influencing factor for NAFLD in patients with T2DM (odds ratio=1.013, 95% confidence interval: 1.004-1.023, P < 0.05). Conclusion Elevated serum ALP is a risk factor for T2DM with NAFLD and is closely associated with hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, and hyperlipemia, and ALP may play a role in the development and progression of T2DM and NAFLD.

Application of 20% glucose solution in the treatment of diabetic patients with hypoglycemia / 中华危重病急救医学

Objective:To explore the safety and efficacy of 20% glucose solution in the treatment of adult diabetic patients with hypoglycemia.Methods:A non-randomized controlled paired design trial was conducted. The diabetes patients with hypoglycemia (blood glucose < 3.9 mmol/L) who were admitted to the department of endocrinology and metabolism of Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University from December 2020 to May 2021 were enrolled. When the patients developed hypoglycemia for the first time, 75 mL of 20% glucose solution was pumped intravenously at a constant speed within 15 minutes, which was named the 20% glucose solution group. When the patients had hypoglycemia again, 30 mL of 50% glucose solution was pumped intravenously at a constant speed within 3 minutes, which was named the 50% glucose solution group. If the blood glucose was still ≤ 3.9 mmol/L at 15 minutes of hypoglycemia treatment, or the patients were uncomfortable due to too fast drip speed, it should be terminated immediately. The hypoglycemia treatment should be handled according to the Chinese guidelines for the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes (2020 edition). The peripheral blood glucose level and the range of increase at 15 minutes of treatment, the success rate of one treatment, the peripheral blood glucose values at 60 minutes after successful hypoglycemia treatment, the incidence of phlebitis and exudation after hypoglycemia treatment, and the pain of local blood vessels in patients with hypoglycemia treatment were analyzed and compared between the two groups. Results:A total of 65 patients completed the treatment of hypoglycemia with 20% glucose solution and the success rate of one treatment was 100%. The peripheral blood glucose value at 15 minutes of hypoglycemia treatment was (8.30±1.37) mmol/L, and the increased range was (4.86±1.30) mmol/L. The peripheral blood glucose value at 60 minutes after successful hypoglycemia treatment was (6.96±1.48) mmol/L, which indicated that 20% glucose solution could effectively increase blood glucose. Among 65 patients, 32 patients had hypoglycemia again, who were treated with 50% glucose solution, and the success rate of one treatment was 100%. When patients who received 50% glucose solution for hypoglycemia formed a paired design with the first 20% glucose solution treatment, the results showed that there was no significant difference in the peripheral blood glucose value and the increased range in blood glucose at 15 minutes of hypoglycemia treatment between the 20% glucose solution and the 50% glucose solution groups [peripheral blood glucose (mmol/L): 8.20 (7.70, 9.70) vs. 8.30 (7.80, 8.80), increase in blood glucose (mmol/L): 4.96±1.39 vs. 4.70±1.32, both P > 0.05], indicating that the glucose changing at 15 minutes of hypoglycemia treatment with 20% glucose solution was similar to that with 50% glucose solution. The peripheral blood glucose value at 60 minutes after successful hypoglycemia treatment of 20% glucose solution group was significantly lower than that of 50% glucose solution group (mmol/L: 6.37±1.04 vs. 7.20±1.36, P < 0.01), which meant that the blood glucose tended to be more stable. There was no phlebitis and exudation after hypoglycemia treatment in both groups. The pain score of 20% glucose solution group was 0, however, 3 patients in 50% glucose solution group complained of local vascular pain, and the pain score was 1. Conclusions:20% glucose solution can effectively treat hypoglycemia in diabetic patients, which has the same curative effect as 50% glucose solution and much safer. It can be used in patients with severe hypoglycemia.

Research progress in the role of HMGB1-RAGE signaling axis in hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury / 国际生物医学工程杂志

Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury(HIRI) is a kind of liver injury caused by reperfusion after ischemic injury, which is clinically manifested by a series of deterioration phenomena such as liver function impairment, jaundice and even multi-organ failure after restoration of blood supply to the liver. HIRI seriously affects the patient's regression and prognosis. The essence of HIRI is a sterile inflammatory response. High mobility histone 1 (HMGB1) is an important intermediate mediator of HIRI and is a multiple cell type effector involved in HIRI. The receptor for glycosylated end products(RAGE) signaling axis of HMGB1 plays a key role in HIRI, but its mechanism is unclear. In this paper, the recent studies related to the pro-inflammatory mechanism of HMGB1-RAGE signaling axis in HIRI were summarized, and the relationship between HMGB1-RAGE signaling pathway and HIRI was discussed. The research progress of preventing and treating HIRI with surgical operation, ischemic preconditioning, drug and gene therapy using HMGB1-RAGE signaling axis as the target was reviewed.

Effects of intravenous combined epidural anesthesia on perioperative hemodynamic indexes, cardiac function and immune function during laparoscopic surgery in elderly gastric cancer patients complicated with coronary heart disease / 肿瘤研究与临床

Objective:To explore the effects of intravenous combined epidural anesthesia on perioperative hemodynamic indexes, cardiac function and immune function during laparoscopic surgery in elderly gastric cancer patients complicated with coronary heart disease.Methods:A total of 94 elderly gastric cancer patients with coronary heart disease who were admitted to Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital from January 2017 to June 2021 were selected. They were divided into the total intravenous anesthesia group (control group) and intravenous combined epidural anesthesia group (observation group) by random envelope lottery, with 47 cases in each group. Hemodynamic indexes, cardiac function, immune function, pain and sedation scores were compared between the two groups.Results:When pneumoperitoneum was established (T 1) and the left gastric artery was immediately free during operation (T 2), systolic blood pressure in the observation group was (136.6±9.9) mmHg (1 mmHg = 0.133 kPa) and (133.9±9.4) mmHg, and diastolic blood pressure was (74.6±4.6) mmHg and (80.7±6.0) mmHg; heart rate was (79.8±4.0) times/min and (80.9±2.7) times/min, respectively. The systolic blood pressure of the control group was (159.3±7.6) mmHg and (162.5±8.5) mmHg, and the diastolic blood pressure was (91.2±5.2) mmHg and (88.3±4.7) mmHg, respectively. The heart rate was (106.2±3.3) times/min and (101.9±4.0) times/min, respectively; compared with the control group at the same time point, the observation group had lower blood pressure and slower heart rate ( t values were 4.25, 2.53, 6.40, 6.81, 1.85, and 1.35, all P < 0.05). The blood concentrations of cardiac troponin and creatine kinase isoenzyme in the control group were (0.143±0.052) ng/ml and (5.65±0.77) mg/L at 12 h (T 4) after surgery, which were higher than those in the observation group [(0.098±0.015) ng/ml and (3.08±1.06) mg/L] ( t values were 4.32 and 10.19, both P < 0.05). The intraoperative utilization rate of vasoactive drugs and the incidence of electrocardiogram abnormalities in the observation group were 19.1% (9/47) and 25.5% (12/47), which were lower than those in the control group [48.9% (23/47) and 55.3% (26/47)] ( χ2 values were 8.49 and 8.66, both P < 0.05). Compared with 1 day before operation (T 5), the proportion of CD4 + T cells increased and the proportion of CD8 + T cells decreased in control group at 3 days after operation (T 6) (both P < 0.05). The pain score and sedation score of the observation group at 12 h (T 4) and 1 day after surgery (T 7) were better than those of the control group (all P < 0.05). Conclusions:Laparoscopic radical gastrectomy with intravenous combined epidural anesthesia in elderly gastric cancer patients with coronary heart disease can achieve better anesthesia effect, and can provide better protection for the patient's cardiac function and immune function.

Normalization and parallel comparison of the detection results of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 / 中华微生物学和免疫学杂志

Objective:To improve the consistency of test results through reducing inter-laboratory variation in SARS-CoV-2 antibody detection with WHO SARS-CoV-2 antibody candidate international standard (IS, sample G) and antibody reference panel (samples E, F, H, I, J).Methods:Ten WHO samples (A-J) including the candidate IS and reference panel were evaluated using different methods, such as microneutralization tests based on live SARS-CoV-2, pseudovirus neutralization assay and commercial ELISA kits. The test results were compared using statistical analysis.Results:Using IS (sample G) as a reference, the relative concentrations of other samples could be determined with less variation. ELISA and pseudovirus neutralization assay had consistent results with those obtained with the microneutralization test based on SARS-COV-2 strain HB02. Weakly positive samples could be detected only by a certain kit.Conclusions:The availability of an IS for antibodies would facilitate the standardization of SARS-CoV-2 antibody detection methods. The reference panel fitted all the assays based on the SARS-CoV-2 prototype Wuhan strain. Pseudovirus neutralization assay and ELISA could be used as alternatives to live SARS-CoV-2-based neutralization test to some extent.

Evaluation of the performance of two commercial SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody test kits / 中华微生物学和免疫学杂志

Objective:To evaluate the performance of two commercial EIA kits for the detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) neutralizing antibodies.Methods:Two commercial SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody ELISA test kits (A and B) were used to detect serum panel consists of the following sera: 44 collected before vaccination, 120 collected one month after vaccination and 64 collected six months after recovery from convalescent patients of COVID-19. In the meantime, the above samples were also taken for live virus micro-neutralization test (micro-NT) indicated as the 50% neutralization antibody titer (NT 50). The consistency of qualitative and quantitative results between the two commercial kits and live virus neutralization test was analyzed. Results:Taking the micro-NT results as the standard, the positive coincidence rates of A and B kits were 97.40% and 100.00%, respectively; the negative coincidence rates were 97.30% and 95.95%, respectively; the Youden indices were 0.95 and 0.96, respectively. Furthermore, quantitative analysis indicated that the correlation coefficients between A and B kits and micro-NT results were 0.24 ( P<0.05) and 0.52 ( P<0.000 1) for samples collected after vaccination, respectively; while the correlation coefficients were 0.81 ( P<0.000 1) and 0.89 ( P<0.000 1) for convalescent serum samples, respectively. Conclusions:The results obtained by the two commercial neutralizing antibody detection kits were in good agreement with the qualitative results of micro-NT. The neutralizing antibody titers in convalescent serum samples detected by the two kits showed a stronger correlation with the micro-NT results.

Clinical characteristics of tuberculosis after lung transplantation: a report of 17 cases / 中华器官移植杂志

Objective:To explore clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) after lung transplantation (LTx).Methods:Between March 2017 and December 2021, 17 TB infections were diagnosed in 424 LTx recipients at China-Japan Friendship Hospital.Clinical data were retrospectively reviewed and clinical features, treatments, therapeutic efficacies and outcomes examined.Results:The incidence of TB was 4%(17/424). There were 14 males and 3 females, with a median age of 57 years.Bilateral LTx was performed (n=12). Eight probably donor derived infection, six de novo exposure and infection and 3 reactivation of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) of recipients were determined.Most infections (16/17) were diagnosed within the first year post-LTx and 11 infections within the first month.All 17 cases were TB DNA positive and one positive for rifampin-resistant gene.Four cases were positive for TB DNA and acid-fast bacilli test and 6 cases positive for TB DNA and culture.Nodular or cavity (10/13) was the most common finding on chest tomography and the lesions were located predominantly in superior lobe.Therapeutic regimen without rifamycin (n=14) and rifabutin or rifapentine replacing rifampin (n=2) were employed.Treatment was successful (n=10) and clinically effective (n=2). Only one TB infection related death was recorded.Conclusions:LTBI or donor derived infection is common.Therapeutic regimen without rifamycin shows some potential clinical feasibility.

Effect mechanism of blistering moxibustion on visceral hypersensitivity of irritable bowel syndrome in mice based on 5-HT signal pathway / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the effect of blistering moxibustion on the expression levels of 5-hydroxytyptamine (5-HT) and its receptors of the colon tissue in the mice with visceral hypersensitivity of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), so as to explore the effect mechanism of blistering moxibustion in treatment of IBS.@*METHODS@#Forty SPF-grade newborn Kunming mice were randomly divided into a normal group, a model group, an antagonist group and a blistering moxibustion group, 10 mice in each one. Before modeling, the injection with 0.2 mL parachlorophenylalanine (PCPA) was given on the lateral ventricle in the antagonist group. The endorectal glacial acetic acid stimulation combined with tail clipping was used to prepare the model of visceral hypersensitivity of IBS in the model group, the antagonist group and the blistering moxibustion group. After modeling, in the blistering moxibustion group, the intervention with blistering moxibustion was exerted at "Zhongwan" (CV 12), "Tianshu" (ST 25) and "Zusanli" (ST 36), once herbal irritant plaster at each acupoint, for 2 h each time, once a week, consecutively for 3 weeks. Abdominal withdrawal reflex (AWR) score and electromyographic (EMG) amplitude of abdominal muscles were adopted to evaluate the visceral hypersensitivity. HE staining was applied to observe the morphological changes in colon tissue, and immunohistochemistry was to determine the expression levels of 5-HT and its receptors.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the normal group, EMG amplitude of abdominal muscles was increased under 20, 40 mm Hg (1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa) in the model group (P<0.05), AWR scores and EMG amplitude of abdominal muscles under 60, 80 mm Hg were all increased in the model group (P<0.05). In comparison with the model group, EMG amplitude of abdominal muscles was reduced under 20 mm Hg in the blistering moxibustion group (P<0.05), AWR scores were increased under 40 mm Hg in both the blistering moxibustion group and the antagonist group (P<0.05); AWR scores and EMG amplitude of abdominal muscles under 60, 80 mm Hg were all reduced in both the blistering moxibustion group and the antagonist group (P<0.05). Compared with the normal group, in the model group, the mucosa was slightly disturbed, while, the moderate inflammatory cells were visible in the submucosa. In comparison with the model group, the inherent glands of mucosa were regular in shape and a small number of inflammatory cells were visible in both the blistering moxibustion group and the antagonist group. In comparison with the normal group, the average positive staining area percentage (APSAP) of 5-HT and 5-HT3R of the colon tissue was increased, while, APSAP of 5-HT4R was reduced in the model group (P<0.05). Compared with the model group, APSAP of 5-HT and 5-HT3R was reduced in both the blistering moxibustion group and the antagonist group (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Blistering moxibustion can relieve the visceral hypersensitivity of the mice with visceral hypersensitive IBS and the underlying mechanism is related to the regulation of the gut-brain axis mediated by 5-HT signaling pathway.

SNP double peak methods through chloroplast genome profiling for identifying Gentiana crassicaulis and two closely related species / 药学学报

italic>Gentiana crassicaulis Duthie ex Burk. is one of the plant sources of Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix (QinJiao). Gentiana tibetica King ex Hook. f. and Gentiana robusta King ex Hook. f. are relative species of G. crassicaulis. Due to the large intraspecific morphological variation, G. crassicaulis showed high morphological similarity with G. tibetica and G. robusta. And the distribution area of the three species overlaps to some extent, which makes it difficult to identify them. On the basis of morphological identification, the method of molecular identification of the three species was constructed in this study based on chloroplast genomes. The chloroplast genome of Gentiana tibetica is 148 765bp long, with LSC, SSC and IR 81 163 bp, 17 070 bp and 25 266 bp, respectively. The structure of the three is consistent. The chloroplast genome sequences of G. tibetica and G. crassicaulis are highly similar, and the number of variable sites is 9 (149 267 bp in total). Diagnostic SNP that could effectively identify the three species was screened and verified, and a dual-peak SNP detection method was established for the effective identification of each species and mixed samples. Our study provides basic data for the molecular identification of G. crassicaulis and its related species, and the arrangement of related Tibetan medicine.

Safety and effectiveness of esophagojejunostomy through extracorporeal versus intracorporeal methods after laparoscopic total gastrectomy / 中华胃肠外科杂志

Objective: To compare the safety and effectiveness of esophagojejunostomy (EJS) through extracorporeal and intracorporeal methods after laparoscopic total gastrectomy (LTG). Methods: A retrospective cohort study was carried out. Clinicopathological data of 261 gastric cancer patients who underwent LTG, D2 lymphadenectomy, and Roux-en-Y EJS with complete postoperative 6-month follow-up data at the General Surgery Department of Nanfang Hospital from October 2018 to June 2021 were collected. Among these 261 patients, 139 underwent EJS with a circular stapler via mini-laparotomy (extracorporeal group), while 122 underwent intracorporeal EJS (intracorporeal group), including 43 with OrVil(TM) anastomosis (OrVil(TM) subgroup) and 79 with Overlap anastomosis (Overlap subgroup). Compared with the extracorporeal group, the intracorporeal group had higher body mass index, smaller tumor size, earlier T stage and M stage (all P<0.05). Compared with the Overlap subgroup, the Orvil(TM) subgroup had higher proportions of upper gastrointestinal obstruction and esophagus involvement, and more advanced T stage (all P<0.05). No other significant differences in the baseline data were found (all P>0.05). The primary outcome was complications at postoperative 6-month. The secondary outcomes were operative status, intraoperative complication and postoperative recovery. Continuous variables with a skewed distribution are expressed as the median (interquartile range), and were compared using Mann-Whitney U test. Categorical variables are expressed as the number and percentage and were compared with the Pearson chi-square, continuity correction or Fisher's exact test. Results: Compared with the extracorporeal group, the intracorporeal group had smaller incision [5.0 (1.0) cm vs. 8.0 (1.0) cm, Z=-10.931, P=0.001], lower rate of combined organ resection [0.8% (1/122) vs. 7.9% (11/139), χ(2)=7.454, P=0.006] and higher rate of R0 resection [94.3% (115/122) vs. 84.9 (118/139), χ(2)=5.957, P=0.015]. The morbidity of intraoperative complication in the extracorporeal group and intracorporeal group was 2.9% (4/139) and 4.1% (5/122), respectively (χ(2)=0.040, P=0.842). In terms of postoperative recovery, the extracorporeal group had shorter time to liquid diet [(5.1±2.4) days vs. (5.9±3.6) days, t=-2.268, P=0.024] and soft diet [(7.3±3.7) days vs. (8.8±6.5) days, t=-2.227, P=0.027], and shorter postoperative hospital stay [(10.5±5.1) days vs. (12.2±7.7) days, t=-2.108, P=0.036]. The morbidity of postoperative complication within 6 months in the extracorporeal group and intracorporeal group was 25.9% (36/139) and 31.1%, (38/122) respectively (P=0.348). Furthermore, there was also no significant difference in the morbidity of postoperative EJS complications [extracorporeal group vs. intracorporeal group: 5.0% (7/139) vs. 82.% (10/122), P=0.302]. The severity of postoperative complications between the two groups was not statistically significant (P=0.289). In the intracorporeal group, the Orvil(TM) subgroup had more estimated blood loss [100.0 (100.0) ml vs.50.0 (50.0) ml, Z=-2.992, P=0.003] and larger incision [6.0 (1.0) cm vs. 5.0 (1.0) cm, Z=-3.428, P=0.001] than the Overlap subgroup, seemed to have higher morbidity of intraoperative complication [7.0% (3/43) vs. 2.5% (2/79),P=0.480] and postoperative complications [37.2% (16/43) vs. 27.8% (22/79), P=0.286], and more severe classification of complication (P=0.289). Conclusions: The intracorporeal EJS after LTG has similar safety to extracorporeal EJS. As for intracorporeal EJS, the Overlap method is safer and has more potential advantages than Orvil(TM) method, and is worthy of further exploration and optimization.

Analysis of the guarantee and enjoyment of patients with occupational pneumoconiosis in Gansu Province / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

Objective: To analyze the security situation of patients with occupational pneumoconiosis in Gansu Province to lay the foundation for strengthening the security measures for patients with pneumoconiosis. Methods: In August 2020, a follow-up survey was conducted on the current patients with occupational pneumoconiosis diagnosed and surviving in Gansu Province from 1949 to 2019, to obtain the information of industrial injury insurance, employer compensation, medical insurance, subsistence allowance and so on, and analyze their distribution characteristics. The proportion of patients enjoying various security, medical insurance reimbursement and subsistence allowances was tested by chi square. Results: Among the current patients with occupational pneumoconiosis in Gansu Province, 72.0% (5335/7410) enjoyed the benefits of work-related injury insurance, 8.2% (609/7410) enjoyed the compensation paid by the employer, 91.5% (6780/7410) had medical insurance, and 2.8% (204/7410) had no guarantee. Among the patients with occupational pneumoconiosis, 374 enjoyed the minimum living allowance, accounting for 5.05% (374/7410) ; the first diagnosis period with a high proportion of minimum living allowance was phase Ⅲ, accounting for 15.14% (43/284) . Conclusion: The proportion of medical insurance outpatient and inpatient reimbursement of occupational pneumoconiosis patients in Gansu Province is still at a low level. It is suggested that relevant departments should introduce relevant security policies for workers without fixed employers to reduce the economic burden of patients.

Correlation analysis between children and adolescents watching food TV advertising and fast food consumption / 中华预防医学杂志

Based on the open data of China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS), 249 children, adolescents and 249 heads of families who completed two rounds of surveys in 2011 and 2015 were selected in this study. According to the fast food consumption of children and adolescents, they were divided into fast food consumption group and non-fast food consumption group. Logistic regression model was used to analyze the relationship between children and adolescents watching Food TV advertising and fast food consumption. After adjusting relevant factors, the results showed that children and adolescents requiring their parents to buy food in TV advertisements (OR=3.122, P=0.001), parents buying food for their children in TV advertisements (OR=4.717, P=0.036), children and adolescents buying food in TV advertisements themselves (OR=3.728, P=0.041), children and adolescents' preference for food in TV advertisements (OR=2.946, P=0.044) and the frequency of children and adolescents reported by their parents asking their parents to buy food in TV advertisements (OR=3.113, P=0.002) were associated with children and adolescents' fast food consumption.

Research progress on the correlation between autoimmune diseases of the nervous system and intestinal flora / 中华预防医学杂志

With people's understanding and development of autoimmune-related diseases of the nervous system, the level of diagnosis and treatment has improved significantly. However, the etiology of some autoimmune diseases of the nervous system is still unknown. There is a close relationship between gut microbiota and nervous system immunity. The research and discussion on the flora will help clarify the pathogenesis and prevent the progress of diseases in the field of preventive medicine. This article summarizes the latest research progress in order to provide new ideas.

Epidemiological research progress on the relationship between children's dietary patterns and health / 中华预防医学杂志

As food preferences and eating habits form early in life, the development of healthy eating habits in early childhood is a way to prevent diet-related diseases. The dietary pattern approach examines the effect of an overall diet on health outcomes, instead of individual foods or nutrients, thereby presenting a comprehensive evaluation of children's dietary intake. This article reviews the current literature to summarize the main methods for assessing dietary patterns and explore relationships between children's dietary patterns and obesity, puberty onset, cardiovascular diseases, and neurodevelopment. The purpose of this review is to provide evidence-based support for reducing the risk of diet-related diseases in children and recommendations for future research directions.

Relationship between preoperative inflammatory indexes and prognosis of patients with rectal cancer and establishment of prognostic nomogram prediction model / 中华肿瘤杂志

Objective: To compare the prognostic evaluation value of preoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR), and systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) in rectal cancer patients. Nomogram survival prediction model based on inflammatory markers was constructed. Methods: The clinical and survival data of 585 patients with rectal cancer who underwent radical resection in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao tong University from January 2013 to December 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. The optimal cut-off values of NLR, PLR, LMR, and SII were determined by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. The relationship between different NLR, PLR, LMR and SII levels and the clinic pathological characteristics of the rectal cancer patients were compared. Cox proportional risk model was used for univariate and multivariate regression analysis. Nomogram prediction models of overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) of patients with rectal cancer were established by the R Language software. The internal validation and accuracy of the nomograms were determined by the calculation of concordance index (C-index). Calibration curve was used to evaluate nomograms' efficiency. Results: The optimal cut-off values of preoperative NLR, PLR, LMR and SII of OS for rectal cancer patients were 2.44, 134.88, 4.70 and 354.18, respectively. There was statistically significant difference in tumor differentiation degree between the low NLR group and the high NLR group (P<0.05), and there were statistically significant differences in T stage, N stage, TNM stage, tumor differentiation degree and preoperative carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level between the low PLR group and the high PLR group (P<0.05). There was statistically significant difference in tumor differentiation degree between the low LMR group and the high LMR group (P<0.05), and there were statistically significant differences in T stage, N stage, TNM stage, tumor differentiation degree and preoperative CEA level between the low SII group and the high SII group (P<0.05). The multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that the age (HR=2.221, 95%CI: 1.526-3.231), TNM stage (Ⅲ grade: HR=4.425, 95%CI: 1.848-10.596), grade of differentiation (HR=1.630, 95%CI: 1.074-2.474), SII level (HR=2.949, 95%CI: 1.799-4.835), and postoperative chemoradiotherapy (HR=2.123, 95%CI: 1.506-2.992) were independent risk factors for the OS of patients with rectal cancer. The age (HR=2.107, 95%CI: 1.535-2.893), TNM stage (Ⅲ grade, HR=2.850, 95%CI: 1.430-5.680), grade of differentiation (HR=1.681, 95%CI: 1.150-2.457), SII level (HR=2.309, 95%CI: 1.546-3.447), and postoperative chemoradiotherapy (HR=1.837, 95%CI: 1.369-2.464) were independent risk factors of the DFS of patients with rectal cancer. According to the OS and DFS nomograms predict models of rectal cancer patients established by multivariate COX regression analysis, the C-index were 0.786 and 0.746, respectively. The calibration curve of the nomograms showed high consistence of predict and actual curves. Conclusions: Preoperative NLR, PLR, LMR and SII levels are all correlated with the prognosis of rectal cancer patients, and the SII level is an independent prognostic risk factor for patients with rectal cancer. Preoperative SII level can complement with the age, TNM stage, differentiation degree and postoperative adjuvant chemoradiotherapy to accurately predict the prognosis of rectal cancer patients, which can provide reference and help for clinical decision.

Prenatal diagnosis and postnatal follow-up of 27 cases with 15q11.2 BP1-BP2 microdeletion syndrome / 中华围产医学杂志

Objective:To summarize the prenatal diagnosis and postnatal follow-up of 15q11.2 BP1-BP2 microdeletion syndrome (Burnside-Butler syndrome, BBS), and provide a reference for the management of BBS.Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed on 27 singleton pregnancies with fetal BBS that were prenatally diagnosed by single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP) array of amniotic fluid in Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital from January 2017 to September 2021. Prenatal diagnosis indications, serological screening, prenatal ultrasound features, SNP array results, and postnatal growth and development were described and summarized.Results:(1) Of the 27 cases, the indications of prenatal diagnosis in 14 cases were abnormal sonographic findings, including eight cases with increased nuchal translucency, two with cleft lip and palate/alveolar process cleft, one with fetal multiple joint contracture syndrome, one with fetal right diaphragmatic hernia and single umbilical artery, one with suspected fetal duodenal atresia and one with nasal bone absence. Other indications included high risk of Down syndrome by serological screening in six cases, history of adverse pregnancy in six cases, and advanced age in one case. (2) Karyotyping of amniotic fluid in these 27 BBS fetuses showed normal results and SNP array indicated the deletion range of 311.8-855.3 kb. Parental verification of 23 cases confirmed one was a new mutation, seven were inherited from the father and 15 from the mother. (3) Five pregnancies were terminated in the second trimester and the remaining 22 cases were live births. (4) The median follow-up of the 22 children was 1 year 8 months (range 0.5 months to 4 years 3 months), which found low body weight and/or growth retardation in six cases, low body weight with language retardation in one case, low body weight with growth retardation and hyperactive behavior in one case, language retardation with left ear appendage in one case, cleft palate accompanied by duodenum/cleft lip and alveolar cleft in two cases without abnormal development after surgical treatment, and no abnormal growth in the remaining 11 cases.Conclusion:For BBS fetuses, the proportion of ultrasound abnormalities is high but with a low specificity in prenatal diagnosis, and the risk of abnormal postnatal growth and development/behavior is high, which requires continuous monitoring.

DNA barcoding of Gentiana crassicaulis in Lijiang and evaluation of root processing methods / 药学学报

The key factors for producing the best quality Chinese herbal medicines are high-quality germplasm, suitable cultivation area and the proper processing methods for herbal raw materials. Gentiana crassicaulis in Gentiana (Sect. Cruciata), Gentianaceae is one of the original plants of the Chinese herb Qinjiao (Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix), and its type specimen was collected in Lijiang, Yunnan. There is a long planting history of the herb in this area. In this study a sampling plot was designated in these traditional planting areas. G. crassicaulis was planted and herbal raw materials were harvested from the plot. The raw materials were prepared locally and at a pharmaceutical factory in Shanghai using processing methods such as "sweating" or "no sweating", "slicing" or "no slicing" (whole root), and "stoving" or "no stoving" (air drying). The quality of all processed samples was evaluated. In addition, molecular markers were determined for identifying cultivated and wild samples from Lijiang, Yunnan. The results are as follows: ① Samples from the sampling plot and the field are taxonomically identified as Gentiana crassicaulis. ② A total of 270 sequences of trnC-GCA-petN, atpB-rbcL, psbN, ndhB-rps7 and ycf1 were obtained, and three genotypes were determined from the cultivated samples; the type III was shared by both cultivated and wild plants. Based on the molecular markers, a DNA barcoding method to identify cultivated and wild samples of G. crassicaulis from Lijiang, Yunnan was established. ③ Total content of loganic acid and gentiopicroside in all samples was ≥ 2.5%, and above the Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020) limit. ④ In HPLC fingerprinting, 9 common peaks were assigned and similarity between all samples was > 0.999; and ⑤ In a PCA score plot all slice samples were clustered, while whole root samples were scattered. Therefore, our studies could provide basic data for optimizing the processing method, producing best quality Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix, and evaluating the quality of different ecotype varieties and the multiple origin of herbal medicines.

Metabolomics-based comparative analysis of the effects of host and environment on Viscum coloratum metabolites and antioxidative activities / 药物分析学报

Viscum coloratum(Komn.)Nakai is a well-known medicinal hemiparasite widely distributed in Asia.The synthesis and accumulation of its metabolites are affected by both environmental factors and the host plants,while the latter of which is usually overlooked.The purpose of this study was to comprehensively evaluate the effects of host and habitat on the metabolites in V.coloratum through multiple chemical and biological approaches.The metabolite profile of V.coloratum harvested from three different host plants in two habitats were determined by multiple chemical methods including high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet(HPLC-UV),gas chromatography-flame ionization detector(GC-FID)and ultra-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry(UPLC-QTOF/MS).The differences in antioxidant efficacy of V.coloratum were determined based on multiple in vitro models.The multivariate statistical analysis and data fusion strategy were applied to analyze the dif-ferences in metabolite profile and antioxidant activity of V.coloratum.Results indicated that the metabolite profile obtained by various chemical approaches was simultaneously affected by host and environment factors,and the environment plays a key role.Meanwhile,three main differential metab-olites between two environment groups were identified.The results of antioxidant assay indicated that the environment has greater effects on the biological activity of V.coloratum than the host.Therefore,we conclude that the integration of various chemical and biological approaches combined with multivariate statistical and data fusion analysis,which can determine the influences of host plant and habitat on the metabolites,is a powerful strategy to control the quality of semi-parasitic herbal medicine.

Lung ultrasound for the diagnosis of pneumonia in children in recent 5 years: a meta-analysis / 中国小儿急救医学

Objective:To assess the accuracy of lung ultrasound(LUS) to predict pneumonia in pediatric patients using meta-analysis.Methods:The PubMed, the Cochrane Library, EMbase databases from January 2015 to March 2020 were searched.The retrieved outcome data to evaluate the efficacy of LUS for the diagnosis of pneumonia in patients under 18 years of age were included.Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data and assessed the risk of bias of included studies.Meta-analysis was then conducted using MetaDisc 1.4, RevMan 5.3 and Stata 15.0 softwares.Results:Twelve diagnostic studies were included, which involved 2 484 patients.The results of meta-analysis showed that compared with the gold standard, the sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative likelihood ratios, diagnostic odds ratio of LUS were 0.90(95% CI 0.88-0.91), 0.88(95% CI 0.85-0.90), 8.64(95% CI 3.79-19.72), 0.12(95% CI 0.06-0.26) and 77.58(95% CI 28.39-211.99), respectively.The area under the summary receiver operating characteri stic curve was 0.96.Subgroup analysis showed that there was no difference in LUS′s diagnostic accuracy for pneumonia with different department, different diagnostic gold standard, and different level of sonographer training. Conclusion:Current evidence shows that LUS has a high accuracy in the diagnosis of pneumonia in children.