Are behavioral interventions a better choice for atopic dermatitis patients? A meta-analysis of 6 randomized controlled trials

Abstract Background The treatment for atopic dermatitis (AD) has been the focus of clinical research, and behavioral intervention is considered an indispensable treatment method. To our knowledge, no relevant meta-analysis has evaluated the effects of behavioral interventions on atopic dermatitis. Objectives To evaluate the effects of behavioral interventions on atopic dermatitis. Methods The authors searched PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane CENTRAL to retrieve relevant RCTs (up to Feb 2022). The search strategy involved a combination of related keywords. The Cochrane Q and I2 statistics were used to assess heterogeneity. Results Six RCTs involving seven reports with 246 patients were included. The results suggested that behavioral interventions could relieve eczema severity (correlation coefficient [r = −0.39]; p < 0.001) and scratching severity significantly (r = −0.19; p = 0.017), while not affect itching intensity (r = −0.02; p = 0.840). A sensitivity analysis confirmed the robustness of the results. Study limitations An important limitation of this study was the insufficient number of RCTs and the limited sample size. In addition, the study lacked a control group receiving a type of intervention other than the experimental protocol. Another limitation was the short duration of follow-up. Conclusions This study suggests that behavioral interventions could be effective in treating atopic dermatitis by reducing eczema and scratching severity. Additionally, habit-reversal behavioral therapy may be more effective for treating atopic dermatitis.

Diagnosis and treatment pathway of neoadjuvant immunotherapy for esophageal cancer in Henan province / 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志

@#Esophageal cancer is a highly prevalent tumor species in Henan province, which brings heavy medical burden to families and society. Surgical treatment plays a dominant role in the treatment of non-advanced esophageal cancer. However, cancer cells in esophageal cancer lesions are highly invasive, postoperative recurrence and metastasis rates are pretty high. More effective systemic and comprehensive treatment is urgently needed to improve the prognosis. We invited 52 doctors in esophageal surgery, oncology, pathology, imaging, and radiation therapy of 32 hospitals at all levels in Henan province, to repeatedly negotiate and fully discuss in combination with evidence and clinical practice experience. Finally, “diagnosis and treatment pathway of neoadjuvant immunotherapy for esophageal cancer in Henan province” was formulated. In this treatment pathway, seven recommendations were proposed from seven perspectives including target population, patient evaluation, protocol selection, surgical timing, postoperative management, organ preservation, and general principles to offer reference for medical personnel related to esophageal cancer surgery.

Based on LC-MS technology explored the metabolomics of Agrimonia pilosa intervening in non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells / 药学学报

The objective of this study was to analyze the effects on cell viability, apoptosis, and cell cycle of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) A549 cells after intervention with Agrimonia pilosa (AP) and investigate Agrimonia pilosa anti-tumor activity in vitro. Meanwhile, liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS) metabolomics technology was used to analyze the changes of cellular metabolites and metabolic pathways. The results of this study will provide a theoretical and experimental basis for investigating the mechanism of the effect of Agrimonia pilosa on non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells. The results showed that the cell nucleus of A549 cells crumpled and apoptosis occurred with the increase of drug concentration. The survival rate of the cells decreased, and the inhibition rate reached 21.5% and 91.74% under the low and high dose conditions, respectively. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) content increased (P < 0.05). Metabolomics results showed significant differences in metabolism between groups, thirty-three distinct metabolites including LysoPC(24:0/0:0), LysoPC(17:0/0:0) and PC(O-40:5) were deduced. The pathway enrichment showed that the Agrimonia pilosa plays an anti-tumor role mainly by regulating the metabolism of glycerophosphate and purine in A549 cells, in which the effect on glycerophosphate metabolism pathway was most significant. The results of combined pharmacodynamics suggested that Agrimonia pilosa might induce apoptosis and inhibit the growth of A549 cells by regulating LysoPC(24:0/0:0), LysoPC(17:0/0:0) and PC(O-40:5) metabolites in A549 cells.

Specific DNA barcodes screening, germplasm resource identification, and genetic diversity analysis of Platycodon grandiflorum / 药学学报

Platycodonis Radix is the dry root of Platycodon grandiflorum of Campanulaceae, which has a variety of pharmacological effects and is a commonly used bulk Chinese medicine. In this study, the chloroplast genome sequences of six P. grandiflorum from different producing areas has been sequenced with Illumina HiSeq X Ten platform. The specific DNA barcodes were screened, and the germplasm resources and genetic diversity were analyzed according to the specific barcodes. The total length of the chloroplast genome of 6 P. grandiflorum samples was 172 260-172 275 bp, and all chloroplast genomes showed a typical circular tetrad structure and encoded 141 genes. The comparative genomics analysis and results of amplification efficiency demonstrated that trnG-UCC and ndhG_ndhF were the potential specific DNA barcodes for identification the germplasm resources of P. grandiflorum. A total of 305 P. grandiflorum samples were collected from 15 production areas in 9 provinces, for which the fragments of trnG-UCC and ndhG_ndhF were amplificated and the sequences were analyzed. The results showed that trnG-UCC and ndhG_ndhF have 5 and 11 mutation sites, respectively, and 5 and 7 haplotypes were identified, respectively. The combined analysis of the two sequences formed 13 haplotypes (named Hap1-Hap13), and Hap4 is the main genotype, followed by Hap1. The unique haplotypes possessed by the three producing areas can be used as DNA molecular tags in this area to distinguish from the germplasm resources of P. grandiflorum from other areas. The haplotype diversity, nucleotide diversity and genetic distance were 0.94, 4.79×10-3 and 0.000 0-0.020 3, respectively, suggesting that the genetic diversity was abundant and intraspecific kinship was relatively close. This study laid a foundation for the identification of P. grandiflorum, the protection and utilization of germplasm resources, and molecular breeding.

A new classification of left apicoposterior segmental bronchus and its clinical significance / 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志

@#Objective    To analyze a new classification of the left apicoposterior segmental bronchus and summarize its clinical significance. Methods     We accessed the computed tomography imaging data of the inpatients treated in the Department of Thoracic Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital between January and November 2021. We observed and classified the branching pattern of the left apicoposterior segmental bronchus (B1+2) using three-dimensional computed tomography bronchography and angiography (3D-CTBA) technique. And we filtered out the patients who underwent thoracoscopic left apicoposterior segmentectomy and analyzed their clinical data retrospectively to summarize the instructing significance of different bronchial classification in the accurate and safe operation of left apicoposterior segmentectomy. Results     Finally 240 patients were collected, including 131 males and 109 females with a median age of 51.0 (19.0-77.0) years. The anatomical pattern of the left apicoposterior segmental bronchus was divided into four main types based on the branching pattern of the outer subsegmental bronchi (B1+2c): type Ⅰ 10% (24 patients), type Ⅱ 54% (130 patients) , type Ⅲ 17% (40 patients) , type Ⅳ 18% (43 patients) and other variations 1% (3 patients). Thirty-two patients smoothly underwent thoracoscopic left apicoposterior segmentectomy, including 23 patients of type Ⅰ and type Ⅱ receiving LS1+2 resection, the other 9 patients of type Ⅲ and type Ⅳ receiving LS1+2 resection (3 patients), LS1+2c resection (4 patients) and LS1+2(a+b) resection (2 patients). Conclusion     This new classification systematically and concisely elucidates the branching characteristics of the left apicoposterior bronchus. Different branching types are instructive to the left apicoposterior segmentectomy.

Discussion on the Evolution of the Traditional Preparation Process of Pinelliae Rhizoma Fermentata / 广州中医药大学学报

This article discussed the evolution of the traditional preparation process of Pinelliae Rhizoma Fermentata.The production methods for Pinelliae Rhizoma Fermentata in Song Dynasty include cake-making of Pinelliae Rhizoma together with ginger juice and fermentation after cake-making,and the former method of cake-making was the mainstream.The process technology in Jin and Yuan Dynasties inherited from that in Song Dynasty,and the application of Pinelliae Rhizoma Fermentata had certain limitations.The medical practitioners of Ming Dynasty elucidated the mechanism of processing of Pinelliae Rhizoma Fermentata,and proposed the view of"sliced Pinelliae Rhizoma being potent while fermented Pinelliae Rhizoma being mild".In the Ming Dynasty,LI Shi-Zhen defined the cake-making process and fermentation process for Pinelliae Rhizoma,and HAN Mao's Han Shi Yi Tong(Han's Clear View of Medicine)contained five prescriptions for the processing of Pinelliae Rhizoma Fermentata,which had the epoch-making signficance in the expansion of prescriptions for the processing of Pinelliae Rhizoma Fermentata.In the Qing Dynasty,HAN Fei-Xia's ten methods for making Pinelliae Rhizoma Fermentata were summarized on the basis of the methods recorded in Han Shi Yi Tong,and at that time,the processing of Pinelliae Rhizoma Fermentata and the preparation of Massa Medicata Fermentata interacted with each other.After the founding of the People's Republic of China,the local experience in the preparation of Pinelliae Rhizoma Fermentata was deeply influenced by the methods in the Qing Dynasty,and the local preparation technical standards gradually became the same.Moreover,this article also explored the issues of the importance of"Pinelliae Rhizoma"and"ingredients for fermentation",the pre-treatment of Pinelliae Rhizoma,the distinction between cake-making process and fermentation process for Pinelliae Rhizoma,the amount of flour added as well as the timing of adding,the addition of Massa Medicata Fermentata powder,the role of Alum in Pinelliae Rhizoma Fermentata and so on.

Ilex pubescens var.kwangsiensis improved radiation-induced cognitive impairment of mice by inhibiting oxidative stress / 神经解剖学杂志

Objective:To investigate the improvement of radiation-induced cognitive dysfunction and its preliminary mechanism by Ilex pubescens var.kwangsiensis.Methods:SPF grade male Kunming mice were randomly divided into control group(Control),Ilex pubescens var.kwangsiensis(IP),radiation group(Rad)and radiation+Ilex pubescens var.kwangsiensiss group(Rad+IP),with 10 mice in each group.Morris water maze test and dark avoidance test were used to detect the changes in cognitive function of mice before and after drug intervention.Hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining and electron microscopy were used to observe the changes of brain histopathology and ultrastructure in the hip-pocampus of mice.The expressions of nuclear factor E2-associated factor 2(Nrf2),heme oxygenase 1(HO-1),man-ganese superoxide dismutase(MnSOD),B-cell lymphoma/leukemia-2(Bcl-2)and Bcl-2 associated X protein(Bax)were detected by immunohistochemical assay.Results:The expressions of MnSOD and Bcl-2 in hippocampal tissue of mice in Rad group were significantly decreased,the expressions of Nrf2,Bax and HO-1 were significantly increased,and the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 was also significantly increased.After intervention,he expressions of MnSOD,Nrf2 and HO-1 were significantly increased,and the apoptosis rate was significantly decreased.Conclusion:Ilex pu-bescens var.kwangsiensis improved cognitive dysfunction in mice after radiation,and the mechanism may be related to Nrf2 activation and regulation of HO-1 transcription and expression,reducing oxidative stress damage.

A study of the rehabilitation effects of a multi-factor intervention based on the Finnish model of prevention of cognitive impairment in the elderly on patients with cognitive impairment after first-episode stroke / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To explore the rehabilitation effect of multi-factor intervention based on the Finnish model of prevention of cognitive impairment in the elderly on patients with cognitive impairment after first-episode stroke, and to provide reference for rehabilitation nursing of cognitive impairment after stroke.Methods:The quasi-experiment research scheme was adopted and convenience sampling method was used to select participants with first-episode stroke cognitive impairment hospitalized in the General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University Airport Site. The 50 patients admitted from January to June 2022 were selected as the control group, and 50 patients admitted from July to December 2022 were selected as the intervention group. The control group received routine rehabilitation nursing and health education, and the intervention group received the Finnish model of prevention of cognitive impairment in the elderly on patients before discharge on the basis of the control group. The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Health Education Compliance Assessment Scale for Stroke Patients were used to evaluate the changes of overall cognitive function and rehabilitation compliance before intervention, 3 and 6 months after intervention.Results:The final control group included 49 cases, including 35 males and 14 females, aged (64.67 ± 7.47) years old; the intervention group included 50 cases, 32 males and 18 females, aged (66.68 ± 8.75) years old. Before intervention, there were no significant differences in overall cognitive function and compliance of rehabilitation score ( P>0.05). At 3 and 6 months after intervention, the overall cognitive function score, the total score on compliance of rehabilitation, dimension scores of diet compliance, exercise rehabilitation compliance and health behavior compliance of the intervention group were (26.36±2.36) , (125.96 ± 13.80) , (23.30 ± 5.26) , (27.72 ± 4.46) , (43.66 ± 6.80) and (27.26 ± 3.71) , (152.44 ± 9.06) , (30.12 ± 6.42) , (33.32 ± 3.02) , (52.36 ± 4.70) , respectively. They were higher than the control group (24.04 ± 4.50) , (116.67 ± 10.26) , (19.31 ± 3.95) , (25.29 ± 3.45) , (40.59 ± 4.33) and (24.27 ± 4.33) , (138.92 ± 16.71) , (24.20 ± 4.48) , (30.00 ± 5.53) , (47.65 ± 8.03) , and the differences had statistical significance ( t values were -5.31- -2.67, all P<0.05). According to the variance analysis of repeated measurement, intergroup and time factor, the interaction between groups and time had significant impact on general cognitive function score, the total score of rehabilitation compliance, the dimension scores of diet, exercise rehabilitation and health behavior compliance ( Fgroup values were 8.33-18.08, Ftime values were 135.71-944.69, Finteraction values were 5.46-27.30, all P<0.05) . Time factor had significant impact on patient medication adherence score ( Ftime=206.23, P<0.05) . Conclusions:Multi-factor intervention based on the Finnish model of prevention of cognitive impairment in the elderly can improve the overall cognitive function and rehabilitation compliance of patients with cognitive impairment after first-episode stroke.

Exploring the efficacy of roxadustat combined with levocarnitine in the treatment of renal anemia in hemodialysis patients with diabetic kidney disease based on microvascular complications / 中国医师进修杂志

Objective:To investigate the effect of roxadustat combined with levocarnitine in the treatment of renal anemia in hemodialysis patients with diabetic kidney disease (DKD), and its effects on iron metabolism, microinflammation status and microvascular complications.Methods:The clinical data of 89 hemodialysis renal anemia patients with DKD from January 2020 to October 2021 in Beijing Geriatric Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 44 patients (control group)were treated with recombinant human erythropoietin and levocarnitine for renal anemia, and 45 patients (study group) were treated with recombinant human erythropoietin, levocarnitine and roxadustat for renal anemia. Both groups were treated for 3 months. The efficacy was compared between two groups. The laboratory indexes were measured before treatment and after 1, 3 months of treatment, including anemia related indexes such as hemoglobin, red blood cell count and mean corpuscular volume (MCV); iron metabolism indexes such as serum iron, ferritin and transferrin saturation (TSAT); inflammatory indexes such as interleukin-8 (IL-8), C-reactive protein (CRP) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). The adverse reactions were recorded. The patients were followed up for 1 year after treatment, the incidence of diabetic microvascular complications, including diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) and diabetic retinopathy (DR), was recorded.Results:The total effective rate in study group was significantly higher than that in control group: 93.33% (42/45) vs. 77.27% (34/44), and there was statistical difference ( χ2 = 4.60, P<0.05). There were no statistical differences in the laboratory indexes before treatment between two groups ( P<0.05); the hemoglobin, red blood cell count, MCV, serum iron, ferritin and TSAT after 1 and 3 months of treatment in study group were significantly higher than those in control group, the IL-8, CRP and TNF-α were significantly lower than those in control group, and there were statistical differences ( P<0.01 or <0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between two groups ( P>0.05). After 1 year follow-up, 2 cases were lost in study group and 3 cases in the control group. The incidence of DR and DPN in study group were significantly lower than those in control group: 0 vs. 14.63% (6/41) and 2.33% (1/43) vs. 19.51% (8/41), and there were statistical differences ( χ2 = 4.75 and 4.81, P<0.05). Conclusions:Roxadustat combined with levocarnitine in the treatment of renal anemia in hemodialysis patients with DKD is reliable and safe, and can effectively relieve anemia symptoms, improve iron metabolism, reduce inflammatory response, and reduce the risk of diabetic microvascular complications.

Preparation of andrographolide self-microemulsifying drug delivery system / 中成药

AIM To prepare andrographolide self-microemulsifying drug delivery system.METHODS The range of excipient ratio was determined according to equilibrium solubility,excipient compatibility and pseudo-ternary phase diagram.With Pogostemon cablin oil proportion,Labrasol ALF-Tween 80 ratio and Km as influencing factors,drug loading as an evaluation index,the formulation was optimized by central composite design-response surface method,after which in vitro evaluation was performed.RESULTS The optimized formulation was determined to be 10.45%,13.28%,9.82%,66.44%for Pogostemon cablin oil,Labrasol ALF,Tween 80,Transcutol HP proportions,the equilibrium solubility was(11.95±0.04)mg/g.The quality parameters were(20.22±0.38)s for emulsification time,(51.70±2.91)nm for particle size,0.27±0.02 for polydispersity index,and(91.21±1.58)%for light transmission rate,respectively.The self-microemulsion drug delivery system demonstrated good freeze-thaw stability,whose particle size was not obviously influenced by dilution times and dispersion medium,and was rapidly dissolved in phosphate buffer solution(pH 6.8).CONCLUSION Self-microemulsifying drug delivery system can enhance the solubility and dissolution rate of andrographolide.

Nanomaterial-based Therapeutics for Biofilm-generated Bacterial Infections / 生物化学与生物物理进展

Bacterial biofilms gave rise to persistent infections and multi-organ failure, thereby posing a serious threat to human health. Biofilms were formed by cross-linking of hydrophobic extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), such as proteins, polysaccharides, and eDNA, which were synthesized by bacteria themselves after adhesion and colonization on biological surfaces. They had the characteristics of dense structure, high adhesiveness and low drug permeability, and had been found in many human organs or tissues, such as the brain, heart, liver, spleen, lungs, kidneys, gastrointestinal tract, and skeleton. By releasing pro-inflammatory bacterial metabolites including endotoxins, exotoxins and interleukin, biofilms stimulated the body’s immune system to secrete inflammatory factors. These factors triggered local inflammation and chronic infections. Those were the key reason for the failure of traditional clinical drug therapy for infectious diseases.In order to cope with the increasingly severe drug-resistant infections, it was urgent to develop new therapeutic strategies for bacterial-biofilm eradication and anti-bacterial infections. Based on the nanoscale structure and biocompatible activity, nanobiomaterials had the advantages of specific targeting, intelligent delivery, high drug loading and low toxicity, which could realize efficient intervention and precise treatment of drug-resistant bacterial biofilms. This paper highlighted multiple strategies of biofilms eradication based on nanobiomaterials. For example, nanobiomaterials combined with EPS degrading enzymes could be used for targeted hydrolysis of bacterial biofilms, and effectively increased the drug enrichment within biofilms. By loading quorum sensing inhibitors, nanotechnology was also an effective strategy for eradicating bacterial biofilms and recovering the infectious symptoms. Nanobiomaterials could intervene the bacterial metabolism and break the bacterial survival homeostasis by blocking the uptake of nutrients. Moreover, energy-driven micro-nano robotics had shown excellent performance in active delivery and biofilm eradication. Micro-nano robots could penetrate physiological barriers by exogenous or endogenous driving modes such as by biological or chemical methods, ultrasound, and magnetic field, and deliver drugs to the infection sites accurately. Achieving this using conventional drugs was difficult. Overall, the paper described the biological properties and drug-resistant molecular mechanisms of bacterial biofilms, and highlighted therapeutic strategies from different perspectives by nanobiomaterials, such as dispersing bacterial mature biofilms, blocking quorum sensing, inhibiting bacterial metabolism, and energy driving penetration. In addition, we presented the key challenges still faced by nanobiomaterials in combating bacterial biofilm infections. Firstly, the dense structure of EPS caused biofilms spatial heterogeneity and metabolic heterogeneity, which created exacting requirements for the design, construction and preparation process of nanobiomaterials. Secondly, biofilm disruption carried the risk of spread and infection the pathogenic bacteria, which might lead to other infections. Finally, we emphasized the role of nanobiomaterials in the development trends and translational prospects in biofilm treatment.

O Knockdown de LncRNA CCAT2 Alivia a Sobrecarga de Pressão ou a Hipertrofia Cardíaca Induzida por Ang II por Meio da Interrupção da Sinalização Wnt/β-catenina / LncRNA CCAT2 Knockdown Alleviates Pressure Overload or Ang II-Induced Cardiac Hypertrophy Via Disruption of the Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling

Resumo Fundamento A hipertrofia cardíaca patológica (HC) sustentada é um fator de risco independente para aumento da incidência e mortalidade de eventos cardiovasculares. Objetivos Esta pesquisa foi projetada para desvendar o papel do RNA não codificante longo (LncRNA) CCAT2 na progressão da HC. Métodos Procedimentos de constrição aórtica transversal (TAC) foram conduzidos para construir um modelo de HC in vivo induzido por sobrecarga de pressão. O tratamento com angiotensina II (Ang II) foi utilizado para induzir células hipertróficas de cardiomiócitos de rato H9c2. Resultados Os resultados in vivo mostraram que o silenciamento de CCAT2 reduziu a área de superfície dos cardiomiócitos, aliviou a fibrose cardíaca e diminuiu os níveis de β-MHC, ANP e BNP em modelos de camundongos HC. Os resultados in vitro revelaram que o knockdown de CCAT2 reduziu a área de superfície celular e atenuou os níveis de β-MHC, ANP e BNP em células hipertróficas H9c2. Além disso, o silenciamento de CCAT2 diminuiu os níveis de β-catenina ativa, GSK-3β fosforilada e genes alvo Wnt (c-Myc, ciclinaD1 e c-Jun) em camundongos HC e células H9c2 hipertróficas. É importante ressaltar que o tratamento com o ativador da via Wnt / β-catenina LiCl reverteu a supressão do knockdown de CCAT2 na área de superfície celular H9c2 e nos níveis de MHC, ANP e BNP. Conclusões Coletivamente, o silenciamento do CCAT2 desempenha um papel protetor contra a HC através da inativação da sinalização Wnt/β-catenina, o que sugere que o CCAT2 pode se tornar um alvo terapêutico promissor para o HC.

Abstract Background Sustained pathological cardiac hypertrophy (CH) is an independent risk factor for increased incidence and mortality of cardiovascular events. Objectives This research was designed to unravel the role of long non-coding RNA (LncRNA) CCAT2 in CH progression. Methods Transverse aortic constriction (TAC) procedures were conducted to construct a pressure overload-induced in vivo CH model. Angiotensin II (Ang II) treatment was utilized to induce hypertrophic rat cardiomyocyte H9c2 cells. Results In vivo results showed that silencing of CCAT2 reduced cardiomyocyte surface area, alleviated cardiac fibrosis, and decreased β-MHC, ANP, and BNP levels in CH mouse models. In vitro results revealed that CCAT2 knockdown reduced cell surface area and attenuated β-MHC, ANP, and BNP levels in hypertrophic H9c2 cells. Besides, CCAT2 silencing decreased the levels of active β-catenin, phosphorylated-GSK-3β, and Wnt target genes (c-Myc, cyclinD1, and c-Jun) in CH mice and hypertrophic H9c2 cells. Importantly, treatment with the Wnt/β-catenin pathway activator LiCl reversed the suppression of CCAT2 knockdown on H9c2 cell surface area and MHC, ANP, and BNP levels. Conclusions Collectively, CCAT2 silencing plays a protective role against CH through inactivating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling, which suggests that CCAT2 might become a promising therapeutic target for CH.

Face, facial recognition technology and personal privacy

The privacy problem of facial recognition technology is that commercial companies obtain people's facial information without the consent of individuals and use facial information to infringe on the privacy of individuals. The importance of human privacy in facial recognition technology is reflected through facial ethics, which requires others to perform corresponding obligations to individuals, such as oral care. Through the analysis of the privacy issues of facial recognition technology, it is found that the two elements of "without personal informed" and "without personal consent" together form the basis for commercial companies to violate personal privacy. The principle of informed consent includes the principle of informed and the principle of consent, which is derived from the principle of informed consent in medical ethics. This paper improves the principles of informed consent in medicine and ethics to better address facial recognition privacy issues.

El problema de la privacidad en la tecnología de reconocimiento facial es que las empresas comerciales obtienen información facial de las personas sin el consentimiento de éstas y utilizan la información facial para vulnerar la privacidad de las personas. La importancia de la privacidad de las personas en la tecnología de reconocimiento facial se refleja a través de la ética facial, que exige que otros cumplan las obligaciones correspondientes con los individuos, como el cuidado bucal. A través del análisis de los problemas de privacidad de la tecnología de reconocimiento facial se descubre que los dos elementos de "sin información personal" y "sin consentimiento personal" juntos forman la base para que las empresas comerciales violen la privacidad personal. El principio de consentimiento informado incluye el de información y el de consentimiento, que se deriva del principio de consentimiento informado de la ética médica. Este artículo mejora los principios del consentimiento informado en medicina y ética para abordar mejor los problemas de privacidad del reconocimiento facial.

A questão da privacidade na tecnologia de reconhecimento facial é que as companhias comerciais obtém informações faciais das pessoas sem seu consentimento e usam informação facial para infringir sua privacidade. A importância da privacidade humana na tecnologia de reconhecimento facial é refletida através da ética facial, que exige que se cumpram obrigações correspondentes para com os indivíduos, da mesma forma como com cuidados orais. Através da análise de aspectos de privacidade na tecnologia de reconhecimento facial, encontrou-se que os dois elementos "sem informação pessoal" e "sem consentimento pessoal" juntos, formam a base para companhias comerciais violarem a privacidade pessoal. O princípio do consentimento informado inclui o princípio de informação e o princípio de consentimento, os quais derivam do princípio do consentimento informado em ética médica. Esse artigo melhora os princípios do consentimento informado em medicina e ética para melhor incluir aspectos de privacidade no reconhecimento facial.

The Effect of Female Sex on Short-Term Outcomes of Patients Undergoing Off-Pump Versus On-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting

ABSTRACT Introduction: According to the American Heart Association guideline for coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), female patients undergoing on-pump CABG (ONCAB) are at higher risk of short-term adverse outcomes than male patients. However, whether off-pump CABG (OPCAB) can improve the short-term outcome of female patients compared to ONCAB remains unclear. Methods: We conducted a meta-analysis to study the effect of the female sex on short-term outcomes of OPCAB vs. ONCAB. A total of 31,115 patients were enrolled in 12 studies, including 20,245 females who underwent ONCAB and 10,910 females who underwent OPCAB. Results: The in-hospital mortality in female patients who underwent OPCAB was significantly lower than in those in the ONCAB group with (2.7% vs. 3.4%; odds ratio [OR] 0.76; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.65-0.89) and without (OR 0.68; 95% CI 0.52-0.89) adjustment for cardiovascular risk factor. The incidence of postoperative stroke in female patients who underwent OPCAB was lower than in those in the ONCAB group (1.2% vs. 2.1%; OR 0.59; 95% CI 0.48-0.73) before cardiovascular risk factor adjustment but was not significant (OR 0.87; 95% CI 0,66-1.16) after adjustment. There was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative myocardial infarction between women who underwent OPCAB and those in the ONCAB group (1.3% vs. 2.3%; OR 0.88; 95% CI 0.54-1.43). Conclusion: In contrast to the American Heart Association CABG guideline, female patients who had OPCAB don't have unfavorable outcomes compared with the ONCAB group.

Evaluation of the clinical manifestations of COVID-19 in patients with aplastic anemia undergoing immunosuppressive therapy: a prospective cohort study (NICHE) / 中华血液学杂志

Objective: To investigate the clinical features of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in patients with aplastic anemia (AA) undergoing immunosuppressive therapy (IST) . Methods: In this prospective cohort study, we collected the demographic and clinical data of patients with AA and COVID-19 from December 1, 2022, to January 31, 2023. We described the clinical features of COVID-19 among patients with AA and evaluated the effects of IST on the signs and severity of COVID-19. Results: A total of 170 patients with AA and COVID-19 were included. The common early symptoms, including fever, dizziness or headache, muscle or body aches, and sore throat, disappeared within 1-2 weeks. Approximately 25% of the patients had persistent fatigue within 2 weeks. Many patients experienced cough after an initial 1-3 days of infection, which lasted for more than 2 weeks. There were no differences in the duration of total fever episodes and maximum body temperature when patients were stratified according to whether or not they underwent IST, by IST duration, or by use of anti-lymphocyte globulin (ALG) (P>0.05). No differences were observed in the occurrence of symptoms in either the early or recovery stages when patients with AA were stratified according to whether or not they underwent IST, or by IST duration (P>0.05). However, patients who received ALG had fewer fever episodes within 1 week after infection (P=0.035) and more sore throat episodes within 2 weeks after infection (P=0.015). There were no other significant differences in clinical symptoms between patients who did and patients who did not receive ALG (P>0.05) . Conclusion: The majority of patients with AA and COVID-19 recovered within 2 weeks of noticing symptoms when treated with IST.

Effects of preoperative diagnostic hysteroscopy on peritoneal cytology and prognosis in patients with non-endometrioid carcinoma / 中华妇产科杂志

Objective: To explore the effects of preoperative hysteroscopic guided biopsy and segmental diagnosis and curettage on the risk of abdominal dissemination and prognosis of non-endometrioid carcinoma. Methods: The clinical and pathological data of 97 patients who underwent surgical treatment and were pathologically confirmed as non-endometrioid carcinoma (including serous carcinoma, clear cell carcinoma, mixed adenocarcinoma, and undifferentiated carcinoma, etc.) from October 2008 to December 2021 in Peking University People's Hospital, were collected for retrospective analysis. According to preoperative diagnostic methods, they were divided into hysteroscopic group (n=44) and non-hysteroscopic group (n=53). The impact of hysteroscopy examination on peritoneal cytology and prognosis was analyzed. Results: (1) There were no statistical differences in age, body mass index, tumor size, pathological characteristics, and treatment methods between the hysteroscopic group and the non-hysteroscopic group (all P>0.05), but the proportion of stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ patients in the hysteroscopic group was significantly higher than that in the non-hysteroscopic group [68% (30/44) vs 47% (25/53); χ2=4.32, P=0.038]. (2) Among 97 patients, 25 (26%, 25/97) of them were cytologically positive for ascites. The hysteroscopic group had a lower positive rate of peritoneal cytology than that in the non-hysteroscopy group, which was significantly different [11% (5/44) vs 38% (20/53); χ2=8.74, P=0.003]. Stratification according to surgical and pathological stages showed that the positive rate of peritoneal cytology in the hysteroscopic group (3%, 1/30) was lower than that in the non-hysteroscopic group (12%, 3/25) in the 55 patients with stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ, and that in the hysteroscopic group (4/14) was also lower than that in the non-hysteroscopic group (61%, 17/28) in the 42 patients with stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ. There were no significant differences (all P>0.05). (3) The 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) rate of the hysteroscopic group and the non-hysteroscopic group were respectively 72.7% and 60.4%, and there was no significant difference between the two groups (P=0.186). After stratification according to staging, the 5-year DFS rate were respectively 90.0% and 72.0% (P=0.051) between the hysteroscopic and non-hysteroscopic groups of patients in stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ, and 35.7% and 50.0% (P=0.218) between the hysteroscopic and non-hysteroscopic groups of patients in stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ, in which there were not statistically significant differences. The 5-year overall survival (OS) rate were respectively 86.4% and 81.1% between the hysteroscopic group and the non-hysteroscopic group, with no significant difference between the two groups (P=0.388). The 5-year OS rate were respectively 93.3% and 96.0% in the hysteroscopic group and non-hysteroscopic group for patients with stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ(P=0.872), and 71.4% and 67.9% in the hysteroscopic group and non-hysteroscopic group in patients with stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ (P=0.999), with no statistical significance. Conclusions: Diagnostic hysteroscopy do not increase the rate of positive peritoneal cytology result at the time of surgery in this cohort, and no significant correlation between preoperative hysteroscopy examination and poor prognosis of non-endometrioid carcinoma is observed. Therefore, preoperative hysteroscopic guided biopsy and segmental diagnosis and curettage in non-endometrioid carcinoma maybe safe.

Effect of phillygenin on inflammatory response of A549 cells induced by lipopolysaccharide and normal human plasma / 中国药理学通报

Aim To investigate the effect of phillygenin ( PHI) on lipopolysacchride ( LPS) and normal human plasma ( NHP) induced inflammatory injury on alveolar type II epithelial A549 cells and the related mechanism. Methods A549 cells were exposured to 1 mg • L

Effect of total flavonoids of Rosa rugosa on PI3K/AKT pathway and endoplasmic reticulum stress apoptosis in rats with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury / 中国药理学通报

Aim To investigate the effects of total flavonoids from Rosa rugosa (TFR) on cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury (CIRI) in rats, and to investigate whether TFR inhibited neuronal apoptosis by regulating phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT) signaling pathway and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) pathways. Methods SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation group, model group, low-dose group (50 mg · kg

Construction of the human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line stably expressed mutated hepatitis B virus X genes and changes of its biological behavior / 中国热带医学

@#Abstract: Objective　To construct HepG2, Huh7 cell lines stably express hepatitis B virus X (HBx) mutant (C1653T, T1753C), and explore their effect on the biological behavior of hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Methods　The lentivirus plasmid of pLVX-HBxC1653T-IRES-tdTomato, pLVX-HBxT1753C-IRES-tdTomato were obtained by PCR site mutagenesis according to wild type ayr HBx. Double enzyme digestion and Sanger sequencing were performed for accuracy of plasmid. Blank HepG2 and Huh7 cells were used as the control group, HepG2, Huh7 cells were infected by pLVX-HBx-IRES-tdTomato, pLVX-HBxC1653T-IRES-tdTomato, and pLVX-HBxT1753C-IRES-tdTomato lentivirus solution, then monoclonal cell was selected by 0.6 μg/mL puromycin. Immunostaining and Western Blot were performed for the verification of stable strains. CCK8 assay was performed for the proliferation capacity of stable strains. Western Blot was performed for expression of EMT-related signal molecules in cells. The independent samples t-test was used for comparison between two groups. Results Double enzyme digestion and Sanger sequencing showed that that the size of the cut fragments of recombinant lentiviral plasmids was correct, and the point mutation location and base substitution were correct, suggesting that the plasmid of pLVX-HBx-IRES-tdTomato, pLVX-HBxC1653T-IRES-tdTomato, pLVX-HBxT1753C-IRES-tdTomato were constructed successfully. Immunostaining and Western blot showed that HBX were expressed in stable strains, while there was no HBX expression in the blank control group, indicating that the HepG2 and Huh7 cell lines stably expressing HBx, HBxC1653T, HBxT1753C were successfully constructed. CCK8 assay showed that the proliferation capacity of HBx and mutant were enhanced compared to the control group (P<0.01), HBx C1653T displayed further additive the effect compared to HBx (P<0.05). Moreover, HBxC1653T mutation also significantly upregulated N-cadherin expression and downregulated E-cadherin expression, thus promoting the occurrence of EMT. Conclusions　HepG2 and Huh7 cell lines stably expressing HBx, HBxC1653T, HBxT1753C were successfully constructed, HBxC1653T mutation significantly enhanced the proliferation of HCC cells and epithelial to mesenchymal transition occurrence.