Functional magnetic resonance imaging study about repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for dysfunction after stroke: a scoping review / 中国康复理论与实践

ObjectiveTo explore the brain mechanism of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on dysfunction after stroke using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). MethodsLiteratures about the functional magnetic resonance imaging study about repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for dysfunction after stroke were retrieved in PubMed, Web of Science, CNKI and Wanfang data from establishment to June 1st, 2021. The quality of the literature was evaluated with Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale. Literature screening, and data extraction were performed by two researchers. ResultsA total of 14 randomized controlled trials were finally enrolled. They were of high or very high quality. They mainly involved the therapeutic effect and imaging mechanisms of rTMS on dysfunction after stroke. ConclusionrTMS could change the excitability of the cerebral cortex and the effective connections between brain regions after stroke, promote the reorganization of brain function, and achieve the recovery of post-stroke dysfunction.

Effect of Euphorbia helioscopia Aqueous Extract on Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Precancerous Lesion-associated Proteins of Lung Tissues in Mice Induced by Cigarette Smoke / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo investigate the protective effect and mechanism of Euphorbia helioscopia aqueous extract （EHE） on mice with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD） and its influence on precancerous lesion-associated proteins in lung tissues induced by cigarette smoke （CS）. MethodThe COPD model was induced by CS in 60 mice and the model mice were randomly divided into control group， model group， positive drug group （dexamethasone， 2 mg·kg-1）， and low-， medium-， and high-dose EHE groups （1.875， 3.75， 7.5 g·kg-1）. The high-performance liquid chromatography （HPLC） method was used to determine the related components in EHE. The changes in end-expiratory pause （EEP）， airway resistance （Penh）， expiratory flow at 50% vital capacity （EF50）， and other pulmonary function indexes were detected by the spirometer. The levels of inflammatory factors， such as interleukin （IL）-2， IL-5， IL-18， IL-17A， and IL-27 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid （BALF） of mice were detected by high-throughput liquid protein chip technology. Hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining was used to detect the pathological changes in lung tissues in mice. The content of malondialdehyde （MDA）， myeloperoxidase （MPO）， and glutathione peroxidase （GSH-Px） in lung tissues was determined by the colorimetric method. The mRNA relative expression of tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）， transforming growth factor-β （TGF-β）， matrix metalloproteinase-2 （MMP-2）， matrix metalloproteinase-9 （MMP-9）， and matrix metalloproteinase-12 （MMP-12） was detected by Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR）. Immunohistochemistry （IHC） was used to detect the expression of tumor protein （P53） and cell proliferation-associated antigen （Ki67） in lung tissues， and Western blot was used to detect the relative expression of tumor suppressor protein （P16）， DNA （cytosine-5）-methyltransferase 1 （DNMT1）， and fragile histidine triad （FHIT） in lung tissues. ResultThe results showed that the main compounds in EHE included phenols （gallic acid and protocatechuic acid） and flavonoids （such as hyperoside， rutin， myricetin， naringenin， quercetin， luteolin， kaempferol， and licorice chalcone A）， among which gallic acid and rutin were the highest in content. Compared with normal group， model group showed increased levels of EEP， EF50， and Penh （P<0.05）， and showed increased MDA and MPO levels （P<0.01） and decreased GSH-Px （P<0.01）， and the model group displayed increased levels of IL-2， IL-5， IL-18， IL-17A， IL-27， TNF-α， TGF-β， MMP-2， MMP-9， and MMP-12 （P<0.05）. And the model group exhibited up-regulated expression of P53， Ki67， and FHIT in lung tissues （P<0.01） and down-regulated expression of DNMT1 and P16 （P<0.01）. Compared with model group， the EHE groups showed decreased EEP and EF50 levels （P<0.05）. The pathological injury of lung tissues in mice of the model group was observed under HE staining， and the pathological injury of basal cell hyperplasia of lung tissues was gradually improved after treatment with EHE. The EHE groups showed reduced levels of MDA and MPO （P<0.01） and increased GSH-Px （P<0.01）. The EHE groups displayed decreased levels of IL-2， IL-5， IL-18， IL-17A， IL-27， TNF-α， TGF-β， MMP-2， MMP-9， and MMP-12 （P<0.05）. And the EHE groups showed down-regulated Ki67 and FHIT in lung tissues （P<0.05） and up-regulated expression of P53 and DNMT1 （P<0.05）. ConclusionEHE can protect mice from COPD and inhibit precancerous lesions， and the mechanism may be related to the inhibition of inflammation and oxidative stress response， regulation of protease and antiprotease imbalance， and regulation of epithelial cell growth.

Potential role of fractional flow reserve-guided coronary artery bypass graft surgery / 中华胸心血管外科杂志

Objective:To investigate the potential guiding role of fractional flow reserve(FFR) in surgical revascularization by comparing the relationship between coronary fractional flow reserve(FFR) and blood flow pattern status of bypass graft.Methods:A total of 86 patients with coronary artery disease between March 2016 to October 2019 were included in the study, with 59 males and 27 females; the age ranged from 42 to 77 years old, with an average of(58±12) years old. According to the measured FFR value of the left anterior descending artery, they were divided into severe ischemic group(FFR<0.75), boundary group(0.75≤FFR<0.80) and mild ischemic group(FFR≥0.80). Transit time flow meter(TTFM) was used to evaluate the blood flow status of the bridge vessel from the left internal thoracic artery to the left anterior descending coronary artery.Results:Mean graft flow(MGF) was measured at(21.24±5.71)ml/min, (18.25±7.72)ml/min, (16.47±7.83)ml/min in severe ischemic group, boundary group and mild ischemic group. The results of mean pulsatility index(PI) was 2.58±0.96, 3.14±1.19 and 3.53±1.34, the ratio of diastolic flow during the entire graft flow was 0.63±0.10, 0.55±0.11 and 0.53±0.11, patients appeared systolic reverse flow was 2 cases(3.6%), 3 cases(18.8%) and 3 cases (20.0%), respectively. There were statistically significant differences in MGF( P=0.027)、PI( P=0.007)、the ratio of DF( P=0.001) and the quantity of patients appeared systolic reverse flow( P=0.027) between the three groups. Conclusion:Due to increasing severity of coronary artery stenosis, MGF and the ratio of diastolic flow increased, and there appears to be an decreased PI and quantity of patients appeared systolic reverse flow. The chance of bypass graft occlusion may increase for the near and middle term in mild to moderate functional coronary artery stenosis(FFR≥0.75). For patients with severe functional coronary artery stenosis(FFR<0.75), it can obtain satisfactory flow parameters and ideal clinical outcomes.

Carotid artery revascularization strategy in synchronous carotid and coronary artery revascularization / 中华普通外科杂志

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of different carotid artery revascularization strategy in sychronous carotid and coronary artery revascularization.Methods:The clinical data of 53 patients receiving simultaneous carotid and coronary artery revascularization in China-Japan Friendship Hospital from Jan 2014 to Dec 2019 was retrospectively analyzed. The clinical characteristics, imaging examination, treatment and prognosis were collected and reviewed. Patients were divided into CEA group (42 cases) and CAS group (11 cases) according to the carotid artery revascularization method.Results:The mean operative time and blood loss of CEA group were (288.81±43.28) min and (419.05±127.33) ml, respectively. The mean operative time and blood loss of CAS group were (251.82±23.16) min and (318.18±98.16) ml, respectively. The difference of operative time and blood loss between the 2 groups were not significant (all P>0.05). Four minor strokes, 4 transient ischemic attacks (TIA), 2 pulmonary infections and 4 recurrent laryngeal nerve injury were observed in CEA group. Two TIA and 1 re-thoracotomy for hemostasis occurred in CAS group. Conclusions:Both carotid endarterectomy and carotid stenting can achieve good clinical result in synchronous carotid and coronary artery revascularization procedure. The selection of proper carotid artery revascularization method should base on the lesion characteristic and surgeon's experience.

The screening of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma suitable for TACE after radical resection based on microvascular invasion and Ki-67 expression / 中华肝胆外科杂志

Objective:To investigate the patients with hepatocellular carcinoma suitable for transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) after radical resection who were screened based on microvascular invasion (MVI) and Ki-67 expression.Methods:Of 400 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma who underwent radical resection in the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from January 2013 to December 2019 were included and analyzed retrospectively, including 324 males and 76 females, aged (59.7±9.8) years, ranging from 32 to 87 years. According to whether they received adjuvant TACE treatment after operation, they were divided into simple operation group ( n=210) and TACE + operation group ( n=190). The recurrence in the first year after operation was followed up by outpatient reexamination. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis were used to analyze the influencing factors of recurrence free survival after surgical resection. Subgroup analysis was performed according to Ki-67 and MVI to compare the recurrence free survival. Results:Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that patients with proportion of Ki-67 positive cells ≥27.5% ( HR=2.073, 95% CI: 1.433-3.000, P<0.001) and MVI positive ( HR=2.339, 95% CI: 1.584-3.456, P<0.001) had increased risk of recurrence after radical resection. The 1-year cumulative recurrence free survival rate in the simple operation group was 70.0%, and there was no significant difference compared with 67.9% in the operation + TACE group( χ 2=0.08, P=0.774). Subgroup analysis: in the low expression of Ki-67 combined with negative MVI group ( n=128), the cumulative recurrence free survival rate of one year after operation in the simple operation group ( n=84) was 91.7%, which was significantly higher than 72.7% in the operation + TACE group ( n=44)( χ 2=8.22, P=0.004). There was no significant difference in the 1-year cumulative recurrence free survival rate between the simple operation group and the operation + TACE group (both P>0.05) in patients of Ki-67 high expression combined with MVI negative or Ki-67 low expression combined with MVI positive. In the Ki-67 high expression combined with MVI positive group ( n=107), the cumulative one-year recurrence free survival rate in the simple operation group ( n=62) was 40.3%, which was significantly lower than 60.0% in the operation + TACE group ( n=45)(χ 2=4.22, P=0.040). Conclusion:High expression of Ki-67 (≥27.5%) combined with positive MVI are the prediction factors for postoperative TACE treatment. Low expression Ki-67 (<27.5%) combined with negative MVI was contraindicated for postoperative TACE treatment.

Chemical constituents of Scrophulariae Radix and their antitumor activities in vitro / 中国中药杂志

The present study investigated the chemical constituents of Scrophulariae Radix and their antitumor activities in vitro. The compounds in the ethyl acetate extract were separated and purified by conventional column chromatographies(such as silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, and ODS column) and semi-preparative high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC), and their structures were identified by various spectral techniques such as nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR) and mass spectrometry(MS). Twenty-three compounds were isolated and identified as benzyl-β-D-(3',6'-di-O-acetyl) glucoside(1), 5-O-p-methoxybenzoyl kojic acid(2), 5-O-methoxybenzoyl kojic acid(3), 7-O-methylbenzoyl kojic acid(4), 5-O-benzoyl kojic acid(5), methyl ferulate ethyl ether(6), trans-ferulic acid(7), trans-isoferulic acid(8), trans-caffeic acid(9), trans-caffeic acid methyl ester(10), caffeic acid ethyl ester(11), trans-cinnamic acid(12), trans-p-methoxycinnamic acid(13), trans-p-hydroxycinnamic acid(14), trans-p-hydroxycinnamic acid methyl ester(15), 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenethyl) alcohol(16),(p-hydroxyphenyl) propanoic acid(17), coniferaldehyde(18), sinapaldehyde(19), benzyl β-primeveroside(20), 5-(hydroxymethyl) furfural(21), furan-2-carboxylic acid(22), and decanedioic acid(23). Among them, compound 1 is a new benzyl glucoside, compounds 2-4 are new pyranone compounds, compound 5 is a new natural product of pyranone. The NMR data of compounds 5 and 6 are reported for the first time. Compounds 6 and 20 were isolated from the Scrophularia plant for the first time. Compounds 8, 11, 14, 16, 18, 19, 22, and 23 were isolated from this plant for the first time. The in vitro cytotoxic activities of these compounds against three tumor cell lines(HepG2, A549, and 4 T1) were evaluated. The results showed that compounds 10 and 15 showed cytotoxic activities against HepG2 cells with IC_(50) values of(19.46±0.48) μmol·L~(-1) and(46.10±1.21) μmol·L~(-1).

Cloning and tissue expression analysis of the LepROT gene of Rana dybowskii / 生物工程学报

Leptin receptor overlapping transcript (LepROT) plays multiple roles in the regulation of immune systems. However, very little information is available about the anti-infectious mechanisms of amphibians LepROT. In this study, the cDNA sequence of the Rana dybowskii LepROT gene was determined by using RT-PCR and bioinformatics analysis. Then, the Aeromonas hydrophila (Ah) and lipopolysaccharides (LPS) infected models of R. dybowskii was constructed to obtain histopathological characteristics. Constitutive expression of LepROT mRNA and NF-κB signaling pathway were detected by real-time quantitative PCR. The full-length cDNA of LepROT gene was 396 bp and encoded 131 amino acids. Amino acid sequence analysis revealed LepROT shares 93.74% and 86.39% identity with homologues from other amphibians and mammals respectively, and the LepROT gene was quite conserved among different species. After infection, the relative expression levels of LepROT, NF-κB, IKKα and IKKβ mRNA were all significantly upregulated (P < 0.01), but showed a diverse temporal pattern of up-regulation in different tissues. Therefore, it was proposed that the LepROT gene of R. dybowskii might activate the NF-κB signaling pathway to exert anti-infectious effects, thus providing evidence for further extending the biological function of LepROT.

Kang-Ai Injection Inhibits Gastric Cancer Cells Proliferation through IL-6/STAT3 Pathway / 中国结合医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the mechanisms underlying the proliferative inhibition of Chinese herbal medicine Kang-Ai injection (KAI) in gastric cancer cells.@*METHODS@#Gastric cancer cell lines MGC803 and BGC823 were treated by 0, 0.3%, 1%, 3% and 10% KAI for 24, 48 and 72 h, respectively. The cell proliferation was evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The apoptosis and cell cycle were evaluated by flow cytometry. Interleukin (IL)-6 mRNA and protein expression levels were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. The protein expression levels of cyclin A, cyclin E, cyclin B1, cyclin D1, p21, retinoblastoma (RB), protein kinase B (AKT), extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK), signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 1 and STAT3 were detected by Western blot.@*RESULTS@#KAI inhibited the proliferation of MGC803 and BGC823 gastric cancer cells in dose- and time-dependent manner. After treated with KAI for 48 h, the proportion of G1 phase was increased, expression level of cyclin D1 and phosphorylation-RB were down-regulated, whereas the expression of p21 was up-regulated (all P<0.01). Furthermore, 48-h treatment with KAI decreased the phosphorylation level of STAT3, inhibited the mRNA and protein expressions of IL-6 (all P<0.01). IL-6 at dose of 10 ng/mL significantly attenuated the proliferative effect of both 3% and 10% KAI, and recovered KAI-inhibited STAT3 phosphorylation and cyclin D1 expression level (all P<0.01).@*CONCLUSION@#KAI exerted an anti-proliferative function by inhibiting IL-6/STAT3 signaling pathway followed by the induction of G1 phase arrest in gastric cancer cells.

Achievement in prevention and control of endemic diseases in China in the past 10 years (2012-2021), challenges in the future and countermeasures / 中华地方病学杂志

In the past 10 years, remarkable progress has been made in prevention and control of endemic diseases in China through implementation of the National Plan for Prevention and Control of Endemic Diseases during the "12th Five Year Plan" and the "13th Five Year Plan" and the Three-year Action Plan for Tackling Key Problems in Prevention and Control of Endemic Diseases. Based on analysis of the monitoring data of endemic diseases in China for 10 consecutive years, this paper summarized the progress made in prevention and control of endemic diseases in China, discussed the main problems faced at present, and put forward key tasks of prevention and control of the diseases in the future.

Establishment of precise iodine supplementation and iodine nutrition evaluation system / 中华地方病学杂志

The current prevention and control strategy of iodine deficiency disorders in China is "adjust measures to local conditions, guide by classification and supplement iodine scientifically". The ultimate goal of the implementation of this prevention and control strategy is to carry out "precise iodine supplementation". However, at present, the implementation of "precise iodine supplementation" faces some difficulties, mainly how to accurately measure individual iodine nutrition. This paper discusses the current framework of iodine nutrition indicators, the advantages and disadvantages of various indicators, the gold standard for measuring the indicators, and the application scope and joint application of each indicator from three aspects: the intake of iodine, the level of iodine and the excretion of iodine.

Cultivation of interpersonal communication ability for residents via emotional quotient education in the standardized residency training / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective:To analyze the relationship between each dimension of emotional intelligence and interpersonal communication ability, and explore how to improve the interpersonal communication ability of residents through targeted emotional intelligence training.Methods:A total of 132 first-year residents of clinical medicine in the residency training base were jointly measured with emotional intelligence and interpersonal communication evaluation scale on the basis of self-assessment and grading. The differences between groups in self-assessment and grading were detected by one-way ANOVA, and the relationship between various dimensions of emotional intelligence and interpersonal communication ability was explored by correlation analysis and multiple linear stepwise regression analysis. SPSS 19.0 was used to conduct statistical analysis.Results:The self rating scale clearly divided the subjects into three levels. In the total score of emotional intelligence and its various dimensions, the differences between the three levels were statistically significant; the scores of the "good" group were higher than those of the "fair" group and the "slightly insufficient" group. There were statistical significance in the total score of emotional intelligence ( P<0.001) and its emotional perception ( P<0.001), self emotional management ( P<0.001), others' emotional management ( P<0.001) and emotional utilization ( P<0.001). In the total score of interpersonal communication ability and its various dimensions, the differences among the three levels were statistically significant. In the conflict management, the difference between the "good" group and the "fair" group was not statistically significant, and the differences in other items were statistically significant. The total score of emotional intelligence and its dimensions were positively correlated with interpersonal communication ability ( P<0.001), but the two dimensions that had the most significant impact on interpersonal communication ability were emotional perception and others' emotional management ( R2=0.531, P<0.001). Conclusion:By focusing on the cultivation of each dimensions of emotional perception and other emotional management for residents, it is expected to play a positive role in achieving the national goal of cultivating interpersonal communication skills.

Predictive value of significant coronary stenosis in patients suspected of non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome by two-dimensional speckle tracking imaging combined with real-time three-dimensional echocardiography / 中华超声影像学杂志

Objective:To evaluate the left ventricular myocardial strain and mechanical synchrony in patients suspected of non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS) by two-dimensional speckle tracking imaging (2D-STI) and real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT-3DE), and to investigate the value of combined echocadiographic parameters in predication of significant coronary artery stenosis.Methods:A total of 95 patients suspected of NSTE-ACS, definitely planed to run coronary angiography (CAG) within 24-72 hours of admission were recruited in the Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of the Southern Theatre Command, PLA from December 2020 to June 2021. Regular echocardiography exam, 2D-STI and RT-3DE were performed prior to CAG.Global longitudinal peak strain (GLPS), territorial longitudinal peak strain (T RCALPS, T LADLPS, T LCXLPS) were computed by 2D-STI; the maximal difference of time to minimal systolic volume of 16-segments (Tmsv16-Dif), standard deviation of time to minimal systolic volume of 16-segment (Tmsv16-SD) and heart rate adjusted standard deviation of time to minimal systolic volume of 16-segment (Tmsv16-SD/R-R) were obtained by RT-3DE. The patients were divided into two groups according to the degree of coronary stenosis.Significant coronary artery stenosis group was defined as ≥70% of left main or any other main branch luminal narrowing ( n=53), non-significant coronary artery stenosis group was defined as <70% of luminal narrowing ( n=42). The differences of general clinical features, left ventricular strain and mechanical synchronization parameters between the two groups were compared. A binary logistic regression model was established to draw the ROC curve for predicting the severity of coronary stenosis by single and combined ultrasound parameters, and calculate the area under the ROC curve (AUC). Results:Compared with non-significant coronary artery stenosis group, GLPS were significantly reduced, while Tmsv16-SD, Tmsv16-Dif and Tmsv16-SD/R-R were significantly increased in sginificant coronary artery stenosis group (all P<0.05). The AUC of GLPS and Tmsv16-SD, Tmsv16-Dif and Tmsv16-SD/R-R for predicting significant coronary stenosis in suspected NSTE-ACS patients were 0.78, 0.69, 0.71 and 0.67, respectively. The result of joint test analysis for the dignosis of NSTE-ACS suspected significant coronary stenosis were as follows: the specificity of tandem test was 90.5%; the sensitivity of parallel test was 83.0%; the sensitivity, specificity and AUC of GLPS-Tmsv16-Dif joint index prediction test were 90.7%, 60.1% and 0.82 (95% CI=0.73-0.89) with 0.508 as Youden index. Conclusions:NSTE-ACS suspected patients with significant coronary stenosis are often accompanied by impaired left ventricular myocardial strain and mechanical dyssynchrony. A simple combination of left ventricular myocardial strain and contractility synchronization improves noninvasive prediction of high-risk coronary artery stenosis in suspected NSTE-ACS, which maybe helpful for screening patients requiring invasive examination.

General situation of salt iodization and iodine nutritional status of people in major countries and regions in the world / 中华地方病学杂志

Salt iodization is the most fundamental, safe, economical and simple measure to eliminate iodine deficiency disorders (IDD). About 120 countries (regions) around the world have adopted the strategy of compulsory salt iodization. Although most countries (regions) in the world have implemented the strategy of salt iodization, IDD is still an important public health problem threatening human health due to the health strategy of promoting low salt diet. In addition, there are excessive iodine intakes in some countries (regions). Therefore, scientific iodine supplement has become a public health issue of common concern all over the world. It is necessary to scientifically formulate the iodine content in salt in combination with the dietary structure of residents and the iodine level of natural environment.

Regulation of drug release performance using mixed doxorubicin-doxorubicin dimer nanoparticles as a pH-triggered drug self-delivery system / 药物分析学报

A mixed drug self-delivery system(DSDS)with high drug content(＞50％)was developed to regulate pH-triggered drug release,based on two doxorubicin(DOX)-DOX dimmers:D-DOXADH and D-DOXcar con-jugated with acid-labile dynamic covalent bonds(hydrazone and carbamate,respectively)and stabilized with PEGylated D-DOXADH(D-DOXADH-PEG).Owing to the different stability of the dynamic covalent bonds in the two dimers and the noncovalent interaction between them,pH-triggered drug release could be easily regulated by adjusting the feeding ratios of the two DOX-DOX dimers in the mixed DSDS.Similar in vitro cellular toxicity was achieved with the mixed DSDS nanoparticles prepared with different feeding ratios.The mixed DSDS nanoparticles had a similar DOX content and diameter but different drug releasing rates.The MTT assays revealed that a high anti-tumor efficacy could be achieved with the slow-release mixed DSDS nanoparticles.

Prognostic value of the ratio of C-reactive protein to albumin in abdominal surgery-related diseases / 国际外科学杂志

As a classical acute reactive protein, C-reactive protein is an evaluation index to reflect the severity of inflammatory reaction. Albumin can not only reflect the nutritional status of the body, but also reflect the degree of body consumption caused by disease. At present, the ratio of C-reactive protein to albumin has been proved to have a certain predictive value in a variety of abdominal surgical diseases, such as acute pancreatitis, inflammatory bowel disease and various abdominal tumors. Compared with the detection of C-reactive protein or albumin alone, this index has higher sensitivity and accuracy, but also has the characteristics of cheap, early and continuous detection, compared with other prognostic scores, it can provide more timely guidance for disease diagnosis and treatment and follow-up treatment, and it is considered as a new and effective prognostic index. This article reviews the prognostic value of the ratio of C-reactive protein to albumin in abdominal surgery-related diseases.

Progress of the correlation of microRNA with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and its treatment application / 白血病·淋巴瘤

MicroRNA (miRNA) plays an important role in the development of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) by binding to the 3′ non-coding region of the target gene mRNA to regulate gene expression after transcription. The expression level of miRNA is closely related to the clinical staging, typing, prognosis assessment, and therapeutic effect of DLBCL. miRNA has a great potential as that of DLBCL-related biomarkers, and because of the close link between the two, miRNA-based therapies are expected to lead to new treatment options for DLBCL patients.

Significance of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria clone in immunosuppressive therapy for children with severe aplastic anemia / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To study the association between paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) clone and immunosuppressive therapy (IST) in children with severe aplastic anemia (SAA).@*METHODS@#A retrospective analysis was performed on the medical data of 151 children with SAA who were admitted and received IST from January 2012 to May 2020. According to the status of PNH clone, these children were divided into a negative PNH clone group (n=135) and a positive PNH clone group (n=16). Propensity score matching was used to balance the confounding factors, and the impact of PNH clone on the therapeutic effect of IST was analyzed.@*RESULTS@#The children with positive PNH clone accounted for 10.6% (16/151), and the median granulocyte clone size was 1.8%. The children with positive PNH clone had an older age and a higher reticulocyte count at diagnosis (P<0.05). After propensity score matching, there were no significant differences in baseline features between the negative PNH clone and positive PNH clone groups (P>0.05). The positive PNH clone group had a significantly lower overall response rate than the negative PNH clone group at 6, 12, and 24 months after IST (P<0.05). The evolution of PNH clone was heterogeneous after IST, and the children with PNH clone showed an increase in the 3-year cumulative incidence rate of aplastic anemia-PNH syndrome (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#SAA children with positive PNH clone at diagnosis tend to have poor response to IST and are more likely to develop aplastic anemia-PNH syndrome.

68Ga-PSMA ligand PET/CT integrating indocyanine green-guided salvage lymph node dissection for lymph node metastasis after radical prostatectomy / 亚洲男科学杂志(英文版)

To efficiently remove all recurrent lymph nodes (rLNs) and minimize complications, we developed a combination approach that consisted of 68Gallium prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) ligand positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) and integrated indocyanine green (ICG)-guided salvage lymph node dissection (sLND) for rLNs after radical prostatectomy (RP). Nineteen patients were enrolled to receive such treatment. 68Ga-PSMA ligand PET/CT was used to identify rLNs, and 5 mg of ICG was injected into the space between the rectum and bladder before surgery. Fluorescent laparoscopy was used to perform sLND. While extensive LN dissection was performed at level I, another 5 mg of ICG was injected via the intravenous route to intensify the fluorescent signal, and laparoscopy was introduced to intensively target stained LNs along levels I and II, specifically around suspicious LNs, with 68Ga-PSMA ligand PET/CT. Next, both lateral peritonea were exposed longitudinally to facilitate the removal of fluorescently stained LNs at levels III and IV. In total, pathological analysis confirmed that 42 nodes were rLNs. Among 145 positive LNs stained with ICG, 24 suspicious LNs identified with 68Ga-PSMA ligand PET/CT were included. The sensitivity and specificity of 68Ga-PSMA ligand PET/CT for detecting rLNs were 42.9% and 96.6%, respectively. For ICG, the sensitivity was 92.8% and the specificity was 39.1%. At a median follow-up of 15 (interquartile range [IQR]: 6-31) months, 15 patients experienced complete biochemical remission (BR, prostate-specific antigen [PSA] <0.2 ng ml-1), and 4 patients had a decline in the PSA level, but it remained >0.2 ng ml-1. Therefore, 68Ga-PSMA ligand PET/CT integrating ICG-guided sLND provides efficient sLND with few complications for patients with rLNs after RP.

Relationship between prepregnancy body mass index weight gain during pregnancy and offspring body composition during preschool age / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To explore the relationship between prepregnancy body mass index, weight gain during pregnancy with preschool obesity and body composition in offspring, so as to provide evidence for gestational weight gain and childhood obesity prevention.@*Methods@#A total of 1 333 preschool children were recruited from 3 kindergartens in Tianjin from September to December 2020. Structured questionnaire was used to collect children s lifestyle information. Height, weight and body fat mass of children were assessed, and body fat percentage (FM%), fat mass index (FMI) and non fat mass index (FFMI) were calculated. Maternal medical records were collected and the mothers were grouped according to their prepregnancy weight status and weight gain during pregnancy. χ 2 test, t test, linear regression model and Logistic regression were used to analyze the differences of obesity and body composition among different groups.@*Results@#The prevalence of overweight and obesity in preschoolers was 12.7% and 7.7%. After adjusting maternal age and delivery, gestational age, gender, age and lifestyle of children, the correlation between maternal pre pregnancy BMI,gestational weight gain with obesity and body composition indexes of children in preschool age was statistically significant ( P <0.05). For mothers with normal weight before pregnancy, excessive weight gain during pregnancy increased risk of high FM% and high FMI in offspring ( OR=1.81, 1.68, P <0.05). There was no significant correlation between maternal weight gain during pregnancy with offspring obesity and body composition among mothers with prepregnant overweight or obesity.@*Conclusion@#Maternal weight status before pregnancy and weight gain during pregnancy are correlated with obesity and body composition in the preschool age of offspring. It is suggested that mothers should maintain appropriate weight status before and during pregnancy.

Prognostic implications and functional enrichment analysis of LTB4R in patients with acute myeloid leukemia / 南方医科大学学报

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the expression patterns, prognostic implications, and biological role of leukotriene B4 receptor (LTB4R) in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML).@*METHODS@#We collected the data of mRNA expression levels and clinical information of patients with AML from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database for mRNA expression analyses, survival analyses, Cox regression analyses and correlation analyses using R studio to assess the expression patterns and prognostic value of LTB4R. The correlation of LTB4R expression levels with clinical characteristics of the patients were analyzed using UALCAN. The co-expressed genes LTB4R were screened from Linkedomics and subjected to functional enrichment analysis. A protein-protein interaction network was constructed using STRING. GSEA analyses of the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were performed based on datasets from TCGA-LAML stratified by LTB4R expression level. We also collected peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from AML patients and healthy donors for examination of the mRNA expression levels of LTB4R and immune checkpoint genes using qRT-PCR. We also examined serum LTB4R protein levels in the patients using ELISA.@*RESULTS@#The mRNA expression level of LTB4R was significantly increased in AML patients (4.898±1.220 vs 2.252±0.215, P < 0.001), and an elevated LTB4R expression level was correlated with a poor overall survival (OS) of the patients (P=0.004, HR=1.74). LTB4R was identified as an independent prognostic factor for OS (P=0.019, HR=1.66) and was associated with FAB subtypes, cytogenetic risk, karyotype abnormalities and NPM1 mutations. The co- expressed genes of LTB4R were enriched in the functional pathways closely associated with AML leukemogenesis, including neutrophil inflammation, lymphocyte activation, signal transduction, and metabolism. The DEGs were enriched in differentiation, activation of immune cells, and cytokine signaling. Examination of the clinical serum samples also demonstrated significantly increased expressions of LTB4R mRNA (P=0.044) and protein (P=0.008) in AML patients, and LTB4R mRNA expression was positively correlated with the expression of the immune checkpoint HAVCR2 (r= 0.466, P=0.040).@*CONCLUSION@#LTB4R can serve as a novel biomarker and independent prognostic indicator of AML and its expression patterns provide insights into the crosstalk of leukemogenesis signaling pathways involving tumor immunity and metabolism.