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BACKGROUND@#This study aimed to determine the reasons for conversion and elucidate the safety and efficacy of transition to tenofovir alafenamide/emtricitabine/bictegravir sodium (TAF/FTC/BIC) in highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART)-experienced HIV-infected patients in real-world settings.@*METHODS@#We conducted a retrospective cohort study. The treatment conversion rationales, safety, and effectiveness in 1684 HIV-infected patients with previous HAART experience who switched to TAF/FTC/BIC were evaluated at Beijing Ditan Hospital from September 2021 to Auguest 2022.@*RESULTS@#Regimen simplification (990/1684, 58.79%) was the most common reason for switching, followed by osteoporosis or osteopenia (375/1684, 22.27%), liver dysfunction (231/1684, 13.72%), decline in tenofovir alafenamide/emtricitabine/elvitegravir/cobicistat (TAF/FTC/EVG/c) with food restriction (215/1684, 12.77%), virological failure (116/1684, 6.89%), and renal dysfunction (90/1684, 5.34%). In patients receiving non-nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTI)-containing regimens, lipid panel changes 1 year after switching indicated a difference of 3.27 ± 1.10 mmol/L vs . 3.40 ± 1.59 mmol/L in triglyceride ( P = 0.014), 4.82 ± 0.74 mmol/L vs . 4.88 ± 0.72 mmol/L in total cholesterol ( P = 0.038), 3.09 ± 0.70 mmol/L vs . 3.18 ± 0.66 mmol/L in low-density lipoprotein ( P <0.001), and 0.99 ± 0.11 mmol/L vs . 0.95 ± 0.10 mmol/L in high-density lipoprotein ( P <0.001). Conversely, among patients receiving booster-containing regimens, including TAF/FTC/EVG/c and lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r), lipid panel changes presented decreased trends. We also observed an improved trend in viral load suppression, and alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and serum creatinine levels after the transition ( P <0.001).@*CONCLUSION@#The transition to TAF/FTC/BIC demonstrated good treatment potency. Furthermore, this study elucidates the motivations behind the adoption of TAF/FTC/BIC in real-world scenarios, providing clinical evidence supporting the stable conversion to TAF/FTC/BIC for HAART-experienced patients.
Subject(s)
Humans , Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active/adverse effects , Anti-HIV Agents/adverse effects , HIV Infections/drug therapy , Tenofovir/therapeutic use , Retrospective Studies , Emtricitabine/pharmacology , Adenine/therapeutic use , LipidsABSTRACT
Objective To assess the deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) vessels in patients with breast reconstruction flaps by contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and three-dimensional ultrasound (3DUS) reconstruction techniques.Methods Conventional ultrasound,CEUS and 3DUS were used to evaluate DIEP vessels of breast reconstruction flaps in 43 patients before surgical procedures.The identification,localization and spatial relationship of DIEP vessels were analyzed with conventional ultrasound,CEUS and 3DUS methods.The findings of CEUS and 3DUS were compared to conventional ultrasound and surgical outcome.Results Compared to CDFI,40 cases (93%) were observed more clearly with CEUS,and were showed more accurately than conventional ultrasound.41 cases (95%) could be displayed wonderfully in 3D ultrasound.Perforators which were detected by ultrasound were confirmed in the surgery and the transferred flaps survived completely.Conclusions Perforators can be displayed more clearly and located more accurately by CEUS and 3DUS.CEUS and 3DUS could play a very important role in the preoperative navigation of the DIEP than conventional ultrasound.
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Objective To evaluate and demonstrate ultrasonographic characteristics of mandibular ameloblastoma with active proliferation. Methods Nineteen subjects with ameloblastomas in the mandibles were examined with ultrasonography. In addition to sizes,internal echoes,the research was focused on blood flow of the tumors and destruction of mandibles. Ultrasonographic appearances of the tumors were compared with histopathological findings. Sensitivity and specificity of Doppler flow signals and destruction of mandibles for prediction of active tumor proliferations were calculated. Results Fifteen cases (79%)showed no or minimal flow signals on color Doppler flow imaging(CDFI), whereas the remaining 4 lesions demonstrated abundant flow signals,in which 3 cases were confirmed histopathologically with active tumor proliferations. The sensitivity and specificity of the Doppler flow signals for prediction of active tumor proliferations were 100% and 94%, respectively. Fourteen cases (74%) showed the mandibular cortices were thin but continuous,among the remaining 5 lesions showed local cortices destruction,3 of them were confirmed histopathologically with active proliferations. The sensitivity and specificity of the destruction of cortical bone for prediction of active tumor proliferations were 100% and 88 %, respectively. Conclusions Ultrasonography can be used as a new effective supplementary diagnostic method for mandibular ameloblastomas. CDFI of tumor vascularity and destruction of cortical bone could be used to predict active tumor proliferations and invasiveness.
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This research project was designed to explore the molecular basis of the loss of contact inhibition in hepatoma cells by regulating the cell growth density of hepatic cells (L02) and hepatoma cells (HepG2) respectively. Analyzing the character of morphology, the change of cytoskeleton, the ability of deformation, the expression and distribution of E-cadherins of hepatic cells and hepatoma cells with different density, we found: Hepatoma cells' E-cadherins increased when compared to the hepatic cells'; Hepatic cells' up-regulated E-cadherins, and with their increased growth density, hepatic cells gathered in the contacted areas; Hepatoma cells, however, tended to down-regulate the expression of E-cadherins, and they kept the fusion distribution. The migration rate and net migration distance of these two kinds of cells were inhibited by growth density. Hepatoma cells kept the strong ability of migration, but the migration trace discretization of hepatic cell decreased with the increase of growth density. Hepatoma cells kept the high discretization of migration trace in different growth density. These different results show that hepatic cells are in positive correlation with E-cadherins distribution, and are in negative correlation with its migration. There is no aggregation tendency seen with respect to hepatoma cells' E-cadherins. The effect of hepatoma cells' growth density on migration is not obvious.
Subject(s)
Humans , Cadherins , Metabolism , Cell Count , Cell Line , Cell Movement , Hep G2 Cells , Liver , Cell Biology , MetabolismABSTRACT
Objectives Through analyzing the published scientific papers by the professionals of the Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Guangdong Province(GDCDC) from 2001 to 2006,to put forward some suggestions for the research management,the discipline development and the personnel training.Methods Literature quantitative analysis and health statistics methods were used to analyze these papers.Results The professionals of GDCDC published a total of 924 papers with an annual average of 154 in 114 kinds of periodicals from 2001 to 2006 of the 924 papers.264 papers(28.6%) were published in the key Chinese periodicals,320 papers(34.6%)in the South China Journal of Preventive Medicine,68 papers (7.4%)in the Chinese Journal of Health Laboratory Technology and 51 papers(5.5%)in the China Public Health.Of the 924 papers,433 papers(46.9%)belonged in the field of health laboratory technology,354 papers(38.3%)in the field of disease prevention and control,and 70 papers(7.6%)in the field of public health.During the six years,79.2% of the total professionals Published at least one paper,58professionals published at least six papers.Of the 924 corresponding authors.56.8% aged 30~40 years old.48.9% had a bachelor degree,and 45.9% had a senior professional title.Conclusions In recent years,the quantity and quality of papers published by the professionals of GDCDC were improved.The professional's ability to conduct scientific research was enhanced and the research level of GDCDC wag raised year by year.The predominant specialties of the academic research were in the field of health laboratory technology and disease prevention and control.But the professional work and discipline development of Public health should be sirengthened further.
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Objective To investigate the ultrasonographie characteristics of basal cell adenoma in salivary gland and to improve the coincidence of ultrasound diagnosis for the tumor. Methods The ultrasonographic characteristics for 31 cases of basal cell adenoma which were pathologically confirmed were analyzed and summarized combining with its pathological characteristics retrospectively. A differential diagnosis between basal cell adenoma and pleomorphic adenoma was also made. Results Basal cell adenomas of salivary gland showed low and equivalent internal echoes,sometimes with colliquation in their substantial component. They showed enhanced posterior echo,middle hardness, clear boundary and regular shape. Color Doppler flow signals were also found in the center or periphery of the tumors. Conclusions The ultrasonic manifestation of the basal cell adenoma has its own characteristics,which is complied with its pathological basis. The combination of ultrasonography and clinical information is conducive to differentiate basal cell adenoma and pleomorphic adenoma of salivary gland.