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Objective@#The relationship between serum uric acid (SUA) levels and glycemic indices, including plasma glucose (FPG), 2-hour postload glucose (2h-PG), and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), remains inconclusive. We aimed to explore the associations between glycemic indices and SUA levels in the general Chinese population.@*Methods@#The current study was a cross-sectional analysis using the first follow-up survey data from The China Cardiometabolic Disease and Cancer Cohort Study. A total of 105,922 community-dwelling adults aged ≥ 40 years underwent the oral glucose tolerance test and uric acid assessment. The nonlinear relationships between glycemic indices and SUA levels were explored using generalized additive models.@*Results@#A total of 30,941 men and 62,361 women were eligible for the current analysis. Generalized additive models verified the inverted U-shaped association between glycemic indices and SUA levels, but with different inflection points in men and women. The thresholds for FPG, 2h-PG, and HbA1c for men and women were 6.5/8.0 mmol/L, 11.0/14.0 mmol/L, and 6.1/6.5, respectively (SUA levels increased with increasing glycemic indices before the inflection points and then eventually decreased with further increases in the glycemic indices).@*Conclusion@#An inverted U-shaped association was observed between major glycemic indices and uric acid levels in both sexes, while the inflection points were reached earlier in men than in women.
Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Asian People , Blood Glucose/analysis , China/epidemiology , Cohort Studies , Diabetes Mellitus/blood , Glucose Tolerance Test , Glycated Hemoglobin/analysis , Glycemic Index , Uric Acid/bloodABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the prevalence of hypertension with diabetes and the cardiovascular disease risk among adults in Zhejiang Province. Methods Based on a population-based cross-sectional survey in Zhejiang Province in 2010, data of total 17437 adults aged 18 years and older were analyzed. Results The overall prevalence of hypertension with diabetes was 5.36％, which was significantly higher in females (5.71％) than in males (4.96％) (P<0.05) . With age increased, the prevalence of hypertension with diabetes significantly increased (P<0.01) . And 98.29％ of hypertension with diabetes patients had three or more cardiovascular disease risk factors. The exposure rate of clustering was higher in males (99.26％) than in females (97.54％)(P<0.05), and which increased significantly along with age (P<0.05) . Conclusion Hypertension with diabetes patients had higher cardiovascular disease risk in Zhejiang, and elder and male patients appeared to be the targeted population.
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Objective To evaluate risk and the direct economic burden of malignant tumor due to type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods Combing the data of chronic disease surveillance, follow-up and the fifth health service investigation, we calculated the population attributable risk and the direct economic burden for malignant tumor due to type 2 diabetes mellitus in order to estimate the direct economic burden for tumor caused by type 2 diabetes mellitus. Results The relative risk was 1.68 (95%CI: 1.68-1.70) for people with type 2 diabetes mellitus to develop the malignant tumor than the people without type 2 diabetes mellitus. The proportions of attributable risk (AR%) and population attributable risk (PAR%) were 40.57% and 2.05%, respectively. Moreover, the annual average hospitalization costs for malignant tumor reached 11 billion CNY, which took part 6.48% of total health service costs. And the direct economic burden for malignant tumor due to type 2 diabetes mellitus was 0.228 billion CNY. In addition, the top two highest population attributable risks were colorectal cancer and liver cancer, while the top three greatest direct economic burdens for malignant tumor or malignant tumor due to type 2 diabetes mellitus were lung cancer, colorectal cancer and stomach cancer. Conclusion From this study, we found that type 2 diabetes mellitus increased the risks of tumor and therefore lead to sharply increasing in medical costs of malignant tumor. In order to decrease the risk of malignant tumor and medical costs, we should pay more attention to the prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus and the screening of malignant tumor due to type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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Objective To analyze the health life expectancy (HALE) of the residents aged 15 years and above in Zhejiang Province and to evaluate the health level among adults. Methods The study was based the mortality data collected from Zhejiang Chronic Disease Surveillance Information and Management System, and the mortality rates were from the Under-Reporting Survey and the sample data in Zhejiang from the 5th National Health Service Survey in 2013. A Sullivan' s method was used to calculate the HALE. Results The life expectancy and self-evaluated HALE were 63.62 years, 55.80 years, respectively, and the difference was 7.82 years (61.49 years VS 55.13 years in males and 66.10 years VS 56.57 years in females) . The self-evaluated HALE 55.89 years in urban and 55.54 years in rural residents aged 15 years and above. The proportion of self-evaluated HALE in the total life expectancy was 87.70%, and it decreased with age, and the proportion has dropped to 67.31% in ≥65 age group. Life expectancy without chronic morbidity was 46.68 years (46.35 years in males and 47.01 years in females; 44.03 years in urban and 47.15 years in rural areas) among residents aged 15 years and above, and the proportion of self-evaluated HALE without chronic morbidity in the total life expectancy without chronic morbidity was 73.37%. Conclusion In general the proportion of self-evaluated HALE in the total life expectancy was small , and males had a greater proportion than female, and adults in rural areas had a greater proportion than that in urban areas. We should consider NCDS management for the elderly residents and to improve the life quality among the elderly residents.
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Objective To analysis the awareness of community doctors on the knowledge of osteoporosis and to provide suggestions for conducting pertinent training for community doctors.Methods The design of questionnaire was based on the Osteoporosis Knowledge Questionnaire (OKT)and the Guideline of Diagnosis and Treatment of Osteoporosis in 2011.A total of 170 community doctors were investigated.Results The score of community doctors about osteoporosis was 29. There was 83.80% of community doctors who knew osteoporosis related knowledge well.However,there was 15.49% of community doctors'knowledge about osteoporosis that was not good enough.The most of community doctors got full score in the part of prevention knowledge with 52.82%.The most of community doctors failed in the part of treatment knowledge with 12.68%.The score of osteoporosis knowledge in different gender and title had no statistical significance (P >0.05). Conclusion It is necessary to strengthen community doctors's awareness about osteoporosis.
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The microRNA-21 (miR-21) is known to play a major role in cancer progression; however, its function in the cardiovascular system appears to be even more complex and conflicting. To characterize miR-21 expression in the plasma of individuals with or without metabolic syndrome (MetS), 58 MetS cases and 96 non-MetS controls were investigated. Expression levels of miR-21 were significantly decreased in the circulation of MetS subjects (OR=0.52, 95% CI: 0.29-0.92) compared with that of non-MetS subjects. Body mass index (BMI) and the number of MetS components had a negative correlation with the level of miR-21, whereas age was inversely related to the level of miR-21. No significant difference was detected in miR-21 levels between the sexes (P=0.056). MiR-21 might be a negative regulating factor in MetS.
Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Down-Regulation , Metabolic Syndrome , Blood , Genetics , MicroRNAs , Blood , Genetics , Metabolism , Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction , Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
Objective To analyze the characteristics and trend of incidence and mortality of thyroid cancer in Zhejiang Province from 2007 to 2011.Methods Data from cancer registry and death registry in Zhejiang province were used to calculate the crude incidence and mortality,age -specific incidence and mortality,China - and World -standardized incidence and mortality of thyroid cancer.Trend Chi -square test was used to analyze the trend of incidence and mortality. Results From 2007 to 2011,the reported incidence rate of thyroid cancer in Zhejiang Province was 8.37 /100,000 (China -and World -standardized incidence were 5.28 /100,000 and 6.14 /100,000 respectively).The mortality rate was 0.34 /100,000 (China -and World -standardized mortality were 0.17 /100,000 and 0.24 /100,000 respectively). The incidence and mortality were both significantly higher in females and urban residents than in males and rural residents (both P <0.01).With age increased,the mortality increased.However,the incidence increased at the beginning and then declined with a peak age of 30 -59.From 2007 to 2011,the incidence of thyroid cancer increased rapidly with a speed of 29.95% per year while the mortality did not show the similar trend.Conclusion The incidence of thyroid cancer in Zhejiang Province is growing rapidly and the relative risk factors should be taken into consideration in future researches.
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Objective ToexaminetheriskfactorsoftypeIIdiabetesinruralareaofHainingcityinordertoprovidebasis fordiseasecontrolandprevention.Methods Residentsagedover18infourtownswereselectedthroughmulti-stage stratified cluster random sampling method,and a questionnaire investigation,physical examination and blood biochemical indicatortestingwereconducted.Results TheadjustedprevalenceoftypeIIdiabetesinHainingcitywas5.17%overall with 5.81% in men and 4.56% in women.The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age (OR=1.78),overweight (OR=1.71),family history of diabetes (OR=16.05)were risk factors (all P<0.05).Conclusion The prevalence of type II diabetes is considerably high in rural area of Haining city. Risk factor monitoring and comprehensive intervention should strongly be advocated.
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Objective To explore the risk factors of lung cancer among non -smoking women.Methods A total of 229 new cases of lung cancer among non -smoking women from 2005 to 2008 were collected.The design method of 1 to 2 matching case -control study was used controlling age,sex and smoking conditions.The data was analyzed by univariate and multivariate conditional logistic regression analysis.Results Single factor analysis identified 13 risk factors (all P <0.05).The multivariate conditional logistic regression and factor analysis showed that respiratory disease history,family history of cancer,poor interpersonal relationship,psychological problems,feeling heavy smoke when cooking,consumption of salty and dry food,later menarche and passive smoking were risk factors (OR =24.427,5.539,3.041,2.622,1.856, 1.724,1.565 and 1.598 respectively),high income level and high consumption of vegetables were protective factors (OR =0.650 and 0.683 ).Conclusion respiratory disease history, family history of cancer, poor interpersonal relationship and psychological problems are main risk factors of lung cancer among non -smoking women.
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Objective To investigate the associations of lipoprotein lipase (LPL)gene Hind Ⅲ polymorphisms with hypertension combined with obesity and their lipids metabolism.Methods 326 subjects of hypertension combined with obesity and 326 healthy subjects were arranged to take questionnaires survey,physical examinations and blood biochemical tests.The LPL gene Hind Ⅲ polymorphisms were detected by PCR -RFLP.Regression analysis was used in this study. Results H +was the dominant allele in both groups.There was no significant difference among H +H +,H +H -, H -H -genotypes of LPL gene between the two groups (P >0.05).In the hypertension combined with obesity group, H +H +genotype had significantly higher triglyceride (TG),total cholesterol (TC)levels than H +H -/H -H -genotypes (P <0.05 )while no significantly different density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC)level (P >0.05 ).The results of conditional logistic regression analysis showed that high fasting blood glucose (FBG,adjusted OR =21.56, 95%CI:7.49 ~62.1 1 ),highTG(adjusted OR =7.5 1 ,95 % CI:4.20 ~1 3.43 ),lowHDLC(adjusted OR =2.67 ,95% CI:1.53 ~4.66),high uric acid (UA,adjusted OR =3.36 ,95% CI:1.55 ~7.29)and hypertension family history (adjusted OR =2.07,95% CI:1.21 ~3.55)were the main influencing factors of the hypertension combined with obesity (all P <0.05).Conclusion LPL Hind Ⅲ polymorphism is significantly associated with the lipids metabolism of the hypertension combined with obesity,but it is not an assured independent risk factor for hypertension combined with obesity.