ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the risk factors for school age chidren dental fluorosis in high fluoride rural areas.Methods Based on the fluoride screening results of rural drinking water in Shandong in 2006,three villages of Jiaxiang counties were selected as the survey sites,12 drinking water samples were collected and pH value,fluoride,hardness were determined,110 school-age children were chosen among high fluoride countryside in May,2008.Dental fluorosis was examined,and a questionnaire survey was performed.Results The average levels of pH value,fluoride content and hardness were 7.01,1.24,494.00 mg/L respectively,and the of dental fluorosis was 63.6%.Simple Logistic regression analysis showed that the prevalence of dental fluorosis was associated with Lower family income,lower education level of parents,lower nutrition knowledge score and few kinds of daily food.Multiple Logistic regression analysis showed that the prevalence of dental fluorosis was positively associated with family income,education level of father and consumption of meat,milk,eggs,fresh vegetables and fruit.Conclusion The rate of dental fluorosis among school-age children in the investigated area is higher.Family income,parents'education and nutritional deficiency are related to the prevalence of dental fluorosis.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To investigate the effects of different dietary fat on insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance in rats. Methods: Fifty adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to five groups and fed on basal diet (low fat diet) and four test diets containing 30.4% fat of total energy as lard, perilla oil, sunflower oil or olive oil respectively for 6 w. An oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed and blood samples were taken for measurement of serum insulin, triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) level. Insulin sensitivity index (ISI) was calculated and epididymal fat pad was weighed. Results: In comparison with rats fed low fat, rats fed lard had a low ISI and a high serum glucose level 120 min after glucose load. The ISI in groups of sunflower oil and olive oil was markedly higher than in lard group, whereas serum glucose at 120 min was significantly lower. Serum glucose and insulin level both at 0 min and 120 min were significantly lower and ISI was higher in perilla oil group than that in lard group. Moreover, rats fed perilla oil had a low fasting glucose and a higher ISI compared with rats fed sunflower oil, olive oil and low fat respectively. Serum TC and TG were significantly lower in rats fed perilla oil than in rats fed low fat and lard respectively. Relative epididymal fat pad weight was lower in rats fed perilla oil than in rats fed lard. Conclusion: Perilla oil is effective in increasing insulin sensitivity and improving glucose metabolism in rats, and the effects of sunflower oil and olive oil are between that of perilla oil and lard. The hypoglycemic effect of perilla oil might be mediated, at least in part by reducing triglyceride level and body fat accumulation.