Molecularly engineered truncated tissue factor with therapeutic aptamers for tumor-targeted delivery and vascular infarction

Selective occlusion of tumor vasculature has proven to be an effective strategy for cancer therapy. Among vascular coagulation agents, the extracellular domain of coagulation-inducing protein tissue factor, truncated tissue factor (tTF), is the most widely used. Since the truncated protein exhibits no coagulation activity and is rapidly cleared in the circulation, free tTF cannot be used for cancer treatment on its own but must be combined with other moieties. We here developed a novel, tumor-specific tTF delivery system through coupling tTF with the DNA aptamer, AS1411, which selectively binds to nucleolin receptors overexpressing on the surface of tumor vascular endothelial cells and is specifically cytotoxic to target cells. Systemic administration of the tTF-AS1411 conjugates into tumor-bearing animals induced intravascular thrombosis solely in tumors, thus reducing tumor blood supply and inducing tumor necrosis without apparent side effects. This conjugate represents a uniquely attractive candidate for the clinical translation of vessel occlusion agent for cancer therapy.

Establishment and Practice of Management of Weighting Recheck for Finished Intravenous Solution in PIVAS Based on Weight Analysis Method / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE：To management recheck and sorting weight for finished intravenous solutions in PIVAS ，to provide reference for reducing dispensing error and improving the safety and quality of intravenous infusion therapy. METHODS ：The weight analysis method was used to determine the weight of main drug and solvent in the finished intravenous solutions and infusion bottle . The weight maintenance information was added in PIVAS information management system ，and the marked weight of finished intravenous solutions was calculated for the verification of finished intravenous solutions. Average daily check quantity of finished product ，checking time ，average checking time of finished products per bag ，detection rate of dispensing error ，external error and timeliness of finished infusion batch were compared before （Mar.-May，2019，n＝83 006）and after （Jun.-Aug.，2019， n＝83 173）management. The effects of weighting recheck management were evaluated. RESULTS ：Compared with before the implementation of weighting recheck management ，there were no significant differences in the average daily check quantity of finished products ，the detection rate of dispensing errors caused by wrong labeling of liquid ，or the times of delayed drug delivery batches after the implementation of weighting recheck management （P＞0.05）. The checking time of finished products ，average checking time of finished products per bag ，the number of bags added or subtracted error ，detection rate of dose dispensing error ， total error detection rate prolonged or increased significantly （P＜0.05），and the number of external error was decreased significantly（P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS ：The weighting recheck management improves the accuracy and safety of PIVAS preparation，effectively improves error detection rate ，reduces the occurrence of external error ，but prolongs the time of checking ， which are urgent to be solved by information and automation means.

Clinical significance of non-invasive prenatal testing in preventing birth defects / 中华医学遗传学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To assess the performance of non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) for the detection of fetal chromosomal aneuploidies and its value for the prevention of birth defects.@*METHODS@#In total 28 033 pregnant women underwent NIPT test. The results were compared with that of amniotic fluid and cord blood chromosomal karyotyping analysis. A few cases were verified by array comparative genome hybridization (aCGH). All pregnant women and their fetuses were followed up until after birth.@*RESULTS@#NIPT has indicated a high risk for fetal chromosomal aneuploidies in 186 cases (0.66%), among which 101 (67.33%) were confirmed as 21, 18 and 13 trisomies by invasive prenatal diagnosis, which yielded a diagnostic rate of 86.52%, 50.00% and 19.05%, respectively. The diagnostic rates were 81.28%, 67.85%, 62.79% and 76.00% respectively for those ≥40, ≥35, 25 to 34, and <25. And the diagnostic rates were 65.91%, 60.78%, 71.79% and 80.00% for those over 35, with high risk by prenatal screening, critical risk by prenatal screening and ultrasound abnormality, respectively.@*CONCLUSION@#The NIPT is effective for screening common chromosomal aneuploidies and preventing births of neonates with trisomy 21, trisomy 18 and trisomy 13.

Prenatal diagnosis of a fetus with Phelan-McDermid syndrome and 21q21 microdeletion by multiple genetic techniques / 中华医学遗传学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To carry out prenatal diagnose for a fetus with ultrasonography abnormalities using multiple genetic techniques.@*METHODS@#Routine G-banding chromosomal analysis and single nucleotide polymorphism array (SNP-array) were applied in conjunction for the prenatal diagnosis of the fetus. The result was confirmed by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).@*RESULTS@#SNP-array detected that the fetus has carried a hemizygous 5.1 Mb deletion at 22q13.31q13.33, which is associated with Phelan-McDermid syndrome, and a hemizygous 4.5 Mb deletion at 21q21.1q21.2. FISH analysis of the fetus and its parents suggested that both deletions were de novo in origin.@*CONCLUSION@#The hemizygous deletions on 21q21.1q21.2 and 22q13.31q13.33 probably underlay the abnormal phenotype of the fetus. Genetic analysis can provide crucial information for the prenatal diagnosis and genetic counseling.

Diagnosis and reproductive guidance for a couple carrying a novel c.1893C>T mutation of the TECTA gene / 中华医学遗传学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the molecular basis for an individual with postnatal deafness and provide genetic counseling for her family.@*METHODS@#Following extraction of genomic DNA from peripheral blood samples, 127 genes associated with deafness were subjected to targeted capturing and next generation sequencing. Suspected mutation was verified by Sanger sequencing.@*RESULTS@#The proband was found to carry a homozygous c.1893C>A mutation in the TECTA gene, which is located in the tectorial membrane of inner ear and may cause premature termination of translation of TECTA protein. In addition, two heterozygous mutations, c.13010C>T and c.12790G>A, were found in the USH2A gene. Whilst the former is likely to be pathogenic, the latter has unknown clinical significance. Further analysis suggested that all three mutations have derived from the parents of the proband.@*CONCLUSION@#The homozygous c.1893C>A mutation of the TECTA gene probably underlies the proband's hearing loss which conformed to an autosomal recessive inheritance.

Prenatal diagnosis of a novel SOX10 mutation in a patient with syndromic hearing loss / 中华医学遗传学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the genetic basis for a patient with syndromic hearing loss.@*METHODS@#Genomic DNA of the patient was extracted, for which 127 deafness-related genes were enriched with a chip. Following next generation sequencing, pathogenic loci in exonic regions were analyzed through comparison against the databases. Genotype of her fetus for the suspected site was determined by testing the amniotic fluid sample. qPCR method was applied to verify the deletion of a large fragment.@*RESULTS@#The proband was diagnosed with Waardenburg syndrome type 2, and had harbored a novel heterozygous deletion of the exons 3 and 4 of the SOX10 gene. Her fetus was found to carry the same deletion and presented with blue eyes and deafness after birth.@*CONCLUSION@#Waardenburg syndrome type 2 due to SOX10 gene deletion may feature autosomal dominant inheritance with incomplete penetrance. The deletion of exons 3 and 4 of the SOX10 gene probably underlies the disease in this family.

A randomized controlled study of CT portograph combined with endoscopic ultrasonography for the precision treatment of esophagogastric varices in patients with cirrhosis / 中华消化内镜杂志

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of CT portograph combined with endoscopic ultrasonography for the pricision treatment of esophagogastric varices in patients with cirrhosis. Methods A total of 130 inpatients with cirrhosis complicated with esophagogastric variceal bleeding who received endoscopic treatment from January 2013 to January 2015 were selected. Using prospective randomized controlled design, the patients were divided into two groups, the experimental group and the control group, with 65 cases in each group. The number and degree of esophagogastric varices were assessed by CT portography in the experimental group. Then endoscopic ultrasonography was used to assess the paraesophageal vein and perforator vein before endoscopic treatment. The range and degree of esophagogastric varices were observed and the lesions were treated by endoscopy in the control group. Results A total of 62 patients completed the study in the experimental group, and 63 in the control group. The number of treatment was significantly lower in the experimental group than that in the control group(3. 00±0. 76 VS 5. 63±0. 92, P=0. 000) . The disappearance time of varices was significantly shorter in the experimental group than that in the control group(7. 25±1. 16 months VS 8. 88±1. 64 months, P=0. 039). The variceal recurrence rate of the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group [ 1. 6％ ( 1/62 ) VS 12. 7％( 8/63) , P=0. 040] . The incidence of pleural effusion was significantly lower in the experimental group than that in the control group [ 0 ( 0/62 ) VS 9. 5％ ( 6/63 ) , P= 0. 040 ] . The total complication rate was significantly lower in the experimental group than that in the control group [ 27. 4％ ( 17/62 ) VS 58. 7％(37/63), P=0. 003]. Conclusion CT portography combined with endoscopic ultrasonography is safe and effective for esophageal gastric varices in patients with cirrhosis.

The expression of C1q/TNF-related protein-1 in patients with acute ischemic stroke and its predictive value for the severity of neurological deficits / 实用医学杂志

Objective To investigate the expression of C1q/TNF-related protein-1(CTRP1)in patients with acute ischemic stroke and its predictive value for the severity of neurological deficits. Methods A total of 452 patients with newly diagnosed ischemic stroke(IS)from February 2014 to February 2017 in our hospital were selected as the study subjects,and 403 healthy subjects were selected as control group in the physical examination center. The National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale(NIHSS)was used to evaluate the neurological status of pa-tients at admission and at 6 months after discharge. The expression of CTRP1 in plasma was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the relationship between neu-rological deficit and CTRP1. Results The expression level the CTRP1in the healthy control group[(119.53 ± 17.62)ng/mL],unexplained causes IS[(145.81 ± 18.96)ng/mL],large atherosclerotic IS[(153.17 ± 19.21) ng/mL],cardiac IS[(156.56 ± 20.96)ng/mL]and small artery occlusion IS[(169.23 ± 22.34)ng/mL]in-creased gradually with statistically significant difference(P < 0.05). The level of CTRP1in the healthy control group[(119.53 ± 17.62)ng/mL],mild neurologic impairment group[(156.29 ± 19.86)ng/mL],moderate neuro-logic impairment group[(168.74 ± 18.53)ng/mL]and severe neurologic impairment group[(175.96 ± 19.15)ng/mL]increased gradually with statistically significant difference (P < 0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that CTRP1,age,diabetes,Hs-CRP and LDL-C were independent factors of neurological deficits at 6 months after discharge in IS patients. Conclusion CTRP1 can effectively predict the severity of neurological defi-cits in patients with acute IS.

Prenatal diagnosis of a tetrasomy 18p case using BACs-on-Beads technology and single nucleotide polymorphism array / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To determine the origin of a supernumerary small marker chromosome found in a fetus using prenatal BACs-on-Beads (BoBs) and single nucleotide polymorphism array (SNP-array) assays.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The fetal sample was subjected to chromosomal karyotyping and BoBs analysis, and the results were validated with genome-wide scanning using a SNP microarray.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The fetus was found to have a 47,XX,+mar karyotype. BoBs analysis indicated that there was an amplification between 18p11.32 and 18p11.21, which was verified by the SNP-array assay as a 18.3 Mb duplication occurring at 18p11.32q11.1.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The karyotype of the fetus was determined as 47,XX,+der18(18p11.32?18q11.1::18q11.1?18p11.32). The duplication has involved important genes including SMCHD1, LPIN2 and TGIF1, which may result in severe malformations in the fetus.</p>

Association of miR-34b/c gene polymorphisms and event-related potential P300 in major depressive disorder / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To explore the relationship of miR-34b/c gene polymorphisms and event-related potential P300 in major depressive disorder.Methods The design of case-control research was used,and 302 major depressive patients and 327 normal controls who were in age and gender matched with patients were measured auditory event-related potential P300 on the day when two groups were collected.Polymerase chain reaction(PCR) and direct DNA sequencing technology were used to detect miR-34b/c gene polymorphisms.Results (1) In the single locus analysis,the rs4938723,rs2187473 and rs28757623 had no significant difference in allele frequency and genotype frequency between depressive patients and controls (P＞ 0.05);Haplotype C-C-C in rs4938723-rs2187473-rs28757623 was statistically significant different in depressive patients and controls(x2 =3.96,P=0.046).The odds ratio (OR) was 1.322(95％CI=1.004-1.740).(2) Compared with normal controls,P300 of the patients with major depressive disorder had longer latency of N2 (P＜0.01),P3a (P＜0.01) and P3b (P＜0.05).(3) The P300 targets of major depressive disorder had statistical difference(P＜0.05)in rs28757623 between the individuals with the G allele genotype and C/C genotype.The latency of N1 ((90.80±28.62) ms),P3a((281.79±37.89) ms),P3b((323.87±41.17) ms) were longer thanC/C genotype ((77.40 ± 20.96) ms,(253.00 ± 34.36) ms,(297.30± 23.70) ms).Conclusion Rs4938723-rs2187473-rs28757623 haplotype CCC in miR-34b/c gene might be risk factor for the onset of depression,miR-34b/c gene rs28757623 polymorphism is associated with the principal component of P300 latency in patients with Major depressive disorder which suggest that genetic factors may have a certain impact on cognitive function in the patients with major depressive disorder.

The association study between the polymorphisms of BDNF gene and the response of citalopram antidepressant treatment / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To investigate the relevance of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene polymorphisms and the effects of citalopram antidepressant.Methods The subjects comprised 280 patients according to the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders in the fourth edition (DSM-Ⅳ) criterion for major depressive disorder (MDD).Severity of depression were assessed by 17 Hamilton depression scale (HAMD) at the baseline and 1,2,4,6 weekend.Citalopram were selected for treatment.Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and DNA sequencing analysis were used to detect the genotype of SNPs rs7124442 and rs6265 of BDNF.SPSS17.0 software was used for statistical analysis.Results (1) There were 280 patients (242 responders and 38 nonresponders;175 remissioners and 105 nonremissioners) accomplished 6 weeks of treatment.No association was found between the polymorphisms and antidepressant drug response or remission (the reduction rate of HAMD score ≥ 50％ was defined as response,conversely,defined as nonresponse;HAMD score more than 7 was named as remission,in contrast,named as nonremission) (P＞0.05).(2) Repeated measures analysis of variance was adopted to compare the change of HAMD scores among the genotypes at different time points.There was a significant difference in rs6265 polymorphism between the GA +AA genotype (the scores of HAMD at 2,4,6 weeks were(9.98±4.97),(8.02±4.50),(5.83±3.49) respectively) and the GG genotype groups (the scores of HAMD at 2,4,6 weeks were(11.90±6.55),(9.34± 4.71),(7.07±4.28) respectively) (P=0.031).Conclusion The results suggest that BDNF rs6265 polymorphisms in part determine the antidepressant response to citalopram.

Differences and influencing factors of Wechsler's cognitive test in first-episode depressive patients with or without sleep disorder / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To investigate the difference of Wechsler's cognitive test and its influencing factors in first-episode depression patients with and without sleep disorder.Methods 156 patients with de-pression were divided into two groups according to their sleep conditions,including sleep disorder group(n=77)and non-sleep disorder group(n=79).Wechsler Intelligence Scale(WAIS)and Wechsler Memory Scale(WMS)were used to assess the cognitive function,while Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD-17) were used to assess depressive symptoms.Results (1)Sleep disorders group had lower scores on verbal IQ (95.51±16.45),performance IQ(90.94±13.87),FIQ scores(92.48±15.49)than those in the non-sleep disorder group((105.59±15.20),(96.19±13.62),(101.20±14.70)respectively),the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Sleep disorder group had lower scores in immediate memory(10.47 ± 3.88),short-term memory(49.87±14.35)and memory quotient(87.90±18.25)than those in the non-sleep disorder group((11.86±3.47),(56.52±13.03),(97.27±18.76)respectively),the differences were statisti-cally significant(all P<0.05).(2)Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that education and age ex-plained 24% of variance in verbal IQ(F=21.258,P<0.01).Education,sleep disorder factors explained 12.9% of variation in performance IQ(F=9.825,P<0.01).Education,sleep disorder factors explained 22.3% of variance in total IQ(F=22.847,P<0.01).Education,age,sleep disorder factors explained 28.4%of variation in short-term memory(F=23.850,P<0.01).Education and age explained 20.4% of variation in immediate memory(F=18.10,P<0.01).Education and sleep disorder factors explained 21.9% of variation in memory quotient(F=26.162,P<0.01).Conclusion The intelligence and memory impairment in first-epi-sode depression patients with sleep disorders is more serious,and the education,sleep disorder and age are the most important factors.

A case of Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome diagnosed by single nucleotide polymorphism array / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the genetic causes for a child with multiple congenital malformations and epilepsy through analysis of copy number variations, and to correlate the genotype with the phenotype.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>G-banding karyotyping was performed on the child and her parents. Single nucleotide polymorphisms array (SNP-array) was used to map the exact chromosomal breakpoints in the proband. The result was validated with fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>G banding analysis suggested that the proband had a karyotype of 46,XX,del(4)(p15), while both of his parents had a normal karyotype. SNP-array has identified a hemizygous deletion of 13.3 Mb on chromosome 4p16.3p15.33, which has been implicated in Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome. FISH assay has confirmed the de novo origin of the deletion, with the karyotype and clinical phenotype of both parents taken into consideration.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>A case of Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome has been diagnosed by clinical manifestation and karyotyping analysis. Compared with conventional karyotyping analysis, SNP-array has greater resolution and accuracy, and can provide useful information for genetic counseling.</p>

Prenatal diagnosis of a Pallister-Killian syndrome case through analysis of a supernumerary chromosome using single nucleotide polymorphism array / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the origin of a supernumerary small marker chromosome (sSMC) in a fetus, and to assess the feasibility of single nucleotide polymorphism array (SNP-array) for prenatal diagnosis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The fetal sample was subjected to karyotyping analysis. The identified sSMC was subjected to genome-wide scan using a SNP microarray chip. The results were validated with fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The karyotype of the fetus was determined as 47,XX,+mar, which was verified by SNP microarray chip analysis as a 34.6 Mb duplication in 12p13.33p11.1. FISH analysis confirmed that the sSMC has originated from chromosome 12p.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The karyotype of the fetus was determined as 47,XX,+i(12)(p10). Tetrasomy 12p is reported to be a marker for Pallister-Killian syndrome, which may result in multi-system anomalies. SNP-array analysis can simultaneously detect microdeletions and microduplications, which may be used for prenatal diagnosis of suspected cases.</p>

Influencing factors of anxiety symptoms in patients with depression / 中国神经精神疾病杂志

Objective To investigate the status of depression with anxiety symptoms, and analyze the influencing factors of anxiety symptoms from demographic data and social psychological factors. Methods Hamilton depression rat?ing scale (HAMD), Hamilton anxiety rating scale (HAMA), Eysenck personality questionnaire (EPQ), life event scale (LES), trait coping style questionnaire (TCSQ) and social support scale (SSS) were used to evaluate 729 patients with de?pression. According to HAMA scores, patients were divided into non anxiety symptoms group (HAMA14). Social psychological factors were compared between two groups, and the influencing fac?tors of anxiety symptoms were analyzed. Results The incidence of anxiety symptoms in depression was 58.85% (429/729), and 119 cases (16.32%) were certainly without anxiety symptoms. Compared with the group without anxiety symp?toms, the anxiety symptoms group had higher scores on neuroticism, psychoticism, negative life events and negative cop?ing style (P<0.001), but lower scores on introversion and extroversion (P=0.010). Degree of depression (OR=9.255, 95%CI:4.726~18.127), neuroticism (OR=1.595, 95%CI:1.197~2.125), negative life events (OR=1.009, 95%CI:1.001~1.017) and negative coping style (OR=1.046, 95%CI:1.013~1.080) were the risk factors of anxiety symptoms (P<0.05). Conclu?sion The incidence of anxiety symptoms in patients with depression is high. Patients with higher degree of depression and typical neurotic personality experiencing more negative life events and those with tendency to adopt negative coping style are more susceptible to anxiety symptoms.

Effects of neuroticism on memory in patients with first-episode depression and the mediating role of depression / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To explore the relationship between neuroticism and memory in patients with first-episode depression and the mediating effect of depression in this relationship.Methods Hamilton de pression rating scale (HAMD),Eysenck personality questionnaire (EPQ),repeatable battery for the assess ment of neuropsychological status (RBANS) were used to evaluate 278 patients with first-episode depression.Results (1) Neuroticism was negatively correlated with immediate memory(r=-0.26,P＜0.01),delayed memory (r=-0.30,P＜0.01),and positively correlated with depressive symptom (r =0.30,P＜ 0.01).Depres-sive symptom was negatively correlated with immediate memory (r=-0.55,P＜0.01),delayed memory (r=-0.44,P＜0.01).(2) The effect of neuroticism on immediate memory and delayed memory was partially mediated by depressive symptom (β=-0.521,-0.388,P＜0.01).The ratio of mediating effect to total effect in immediate memory was 0.597,and the ratio of mediating effect to total effect in delayed memory was 0.383.Conclusion Memory can be affected by neuroticism through the indirect effect of depression.

Advances in Diagnosis and Treatment of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer in Patients Showing Thyroglobulin Elevative and Iodine Scintigraphy Negative / 生物医学工程学杂志

Thyroglobulin (Tg) and radioiodine whole body scan (WBS) have been commonly used in follow-up of patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC). Tg is associated with radioiodine uptake in local or distant metastases. In minority of patients, the follow-up scan shows no functioning thyroid tissue, but the serum thyroglobulin is still elevated. Therefore, we review recent developments of diagnosis and treatment of those patients with differentiated thyroid cancer and with thyroglobulin elevation but negative iodine scintigraphy.

The comparison of the diagnostic values of 18F-FDG-SPECT and helical CT in the detection of the metastasis of postoperative breast cancer / 中国医师杂志

Objective To compare the diagnostic values of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose-single photon emission computed tomography (18F-FDG-SPECT) and helical CT in the detection of the metastasis of postoperative breast cancer.Methods A total of 94 patients with postoperative breast cancer were chosen as research objects.The follow-up duration of post-operation was 2 years.All patients were received by 18F-FDG-SPECT and helical CT during follow-up.Lymph nodes that were suspected to the postoperative metastasis were taken for histological procedure.The diagnostic values of 18F-FDG-SPECT and helical CT to the metastasis of postoperative breast cancer were compared.Results Compared to helical CT,the sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value,negative predictive value,and positive likelihood ratio of 18F-FDG-SPECT were higher (P ＜ 0.05);however,the negative likelihood ratio of 1s F-FDG-SPECT were lower (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions 18F-FDG-SPECT has more important clinical value in the detection of metastasis of postoperative breast cancer relative to helical CT.

Molecular Imprinting Electrochemiluminescence Analysis / 分析化学

Molecularly imprinted electrochemiluminescence method combines the advantageous properties of molecularly imprinted polymer and electrochemiluminescence, such as high sensitivity, good selectivity, good controllability, easy miniaturization and simple operation. In recent years, molecularly imprinted electrochemiluminescence has received much attention in the fields of biomimetic sensors, hazardous pesticide residue detection, and food safety monitoring, etc. In this review, the research progresses of molecularly imprinting electrochemiluminescence sensors and the applications of molecularly imprinted polymers as solid phase extraction matrices in electrochemiluminescence analysis have been summarized, and the future research trends have been proposed.

Recognition of abdominal compartment syndrome among pediatric healthcare providers / 重庆医学

Objective To perform the sample survey on the recognition degree of abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) among domestic pediatric healthcare providers (PHCP) Methods Three hundred self‐designed questionnaires were distributed to the participants at the twelfth Chinese Medical Association Congress of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine in November 2011 .Results A total of 194 effective questionnaires were reclaimed with the recovery rate of 64 .7% .28 .9% (56/194)of respondents did not heard of ACS .49 .5% (96/194)of them heard of ACS ,but did not contact ACS .Only 21 .6% (42/194)of respondents were well fa‐miliar with ACS .Among the medical staffs who were aware of ACS (familiar or just heard of ) ,only 7 .2% (10/138)knew the real definition of ACS .83 .3% (35/42) of respondents who were familiar with ACS used the intravesical route to measure the intra -ab‐dominal pressure(IAP) .However ,only 57 .1% (20/35)of respondents knew the correct saline volume for measuring IAP .Conclusion The recognition degree of ACS is low among domestic PHCP .It is necessary to strengthen the ACS related education among do‐mestic PHCP for increasing the awareness of ACS and promoting its treatment .